CHM 116 C. 22
What is the oxidation state of carbon in the carbonate ion? A) +4 B) +2 C) 0 D) -2 E) -4
A) +4
What is the oxidation state of xenon in XeO₄? A) +8 B) +6 C) +4 D) +2 E) 0
A) +8
Which element in group 6A is not found as the central atom in compounds with an expanded valence shell? A) oxygen B) selenium C) tellurium D) polonium E) sulfur
A) oxygen
What are the products of the reaction of PF₃ (g) and water? A) phosphorous acid and hydrofluoric acid B) elemental phosphorus and hydrofluoric acid C) phosphoric acid and fluorine gas D) elemental phosphorus and fluorine gas E) phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid
A) phosphorous acid and hydrofluoric acid
The white allotropic form of __________ bursts into flame when exposed to air. A) phosphorus B) carbon C) sulfur D) selenium E) oxygen
A) phosphorus
The prefix "thio" denotes A) replacement of an oxygen atom by a sulfur atom. B) a double bond. C) sulfur in a negative oxidation state. D) a double bond. E) an allotropic form of sulfur.
A) replacement of an oxygen atom by a sulfur atom.
Which form of elemental sulfur is the most stable at room temperature? A) rhombic sulfur B) monoclinic C) hexagonal D) triclinic E) tetraclinic
A) rhombic sulfur
The oxidation state of oxygen in OF₂ is A) +1 B) +2 C) 0 D) -1 E) -2
B) +2
In metallic hydrides, the oxidation number of hydrogen is considered to be __________. A) -2 B) -1 C) 0 D) +1 E) +2
B) -1
Hydrogen can have oxidation states of __________. A) +1 only B) -1, 0, and +1 C) 0 and +1 only D) -1 and +1 only E) 0 only
B) -1, 0, and +1
The addition of solid potassium cyanide to aqueous hydrochloric acid will produce __________. A) H₂O B) HCN C) NH₃ D) K₂CO₃ E) K₂C₂
B) HCN
__________ has the lowest boiling point of any substance known. A) Ne B) He C) Ar D) Kr E) Rn
B) He
Metal oxides are typically __________ while nonmetal oxides are typically __________. A) basic, amphoteric B) basic, acidic C) amphoteric, basic D) acidic, basic E) amphoteric, acidic
B) basic, acidic
Chlorine can have a positive oxidation state A) if it combines with bromine or iodine. B) if it combines with oxygen or fluorine. C) if it combines with hydrogen. D) if it combines with an alkali metal. E) in its elemental form.
B) if it combines with oxygen or fluorine.
The most common isotope of hydrogen is sometimes referred to as __________. A) deuterium B) protium C) tritium D) heavy hydrogen E) common hydrogen
B) protium
Only the most active metals react with oxygen to form __________. A) oxides B) superoxides C) peroxides D) ozonides E) water
B) superoxides
In the reaction of phosphorus with chlorine to form a phosphorus chloride, whether PCL₃ or PCL₅ forms depends on A) which allotropic form of phosphorus is used. B) the amount of chlorine present. C) whether the reaction is carried out in the gas phase or in solution. D) whether the chlorine used is molecular or atomic. E) the amount of moisture present.
B) the amount of chlorine present.
Silicones can be oils or rubber-like materials depending on A) the silicon-to-oxygen ratio. B) the length of the chain and degree of cross-linking. C) the percentage of carbon in the chain. D) the percentage of sulfur in the chain. E) the oxidation state of silicon in the chain.
B) the length of the chain and degree of cross-linking.
What is the function of the carbon fibers in a composite? A) to provide a structure to help the epoxy resin solidify in the desired shape B) to transmit loads evenly in all directions C) to provide resistance to oxidation D) to provide ultraviolet protection E) to "spread out" the epoxy so that it remains more flexible
B) to transmit loads evenly in all directions
Of the following, which is most likely to form interstitial carbides? A) active metals B) transition metals C) boron and silicon D) alkaline earth metals E) alkali metals
B) transition metals
The oxidation state of oxygen in O₂F₂ is A) 0 B) +2 C) +1 D) -1 E) -2
C) +1
The oxidation number of xenon in XeO₂F₂ is ________. A) +2 B) +4 C) +6 D) +8 E) +10
C) +6
The number of electrons in the valence shell of Xe in XeF₆ is __________ A) 10 B) 12 C) 14 D) 6 E) 8
C) 14
What is the bond angle in XeF₂? A) 90 ° B) 109 ° C) 180 ° D) 120 ° E) 60 °
C) 180 °
How many pairs of unpaired electrons are there in one molecule of carbon monoxide? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4
C) 2
Which of the following would produce an acidic solution? A) Na₂O and MgO B) Na₂O, MgO, and BeH₂ C) CO₂ only D) BeH₂ only E) CO, CO₂, and BeH₂
C) CO₂ only
The least electronegative of the elements below is __________. A) I B) Cl C) H D) F E) Br
C) H
Which compound would produce an acidic aqueous solution? A) KH B) CaH₂ C) H₂S D) NH₃ E) H₂O
C) H₂S
Which of the following react with oxygen to form superoxides? A) Ca B) Na C) K D) Sr E) Ba
C) K
The Haber process is used to make __________ from __________. A) HNO₃, N₂ B) O₂, KClO₃ C) NH₃, N₂ D) NO₂, O₂ E) NO, N₂
C) NH₃, N₂
Which of the following would produce a basic solution? A) CO and CO₂ B) Na₂O and MgO C) Na₂O, MgO, and BeH₂ D) BeH₂ only E) CO, CO₂, and BeH₂
C) Na₂O, MgO, and BeH₂
The most stable allotrope of oxygen is __________. A) H₂O B) O₃ C) O₂ D) HClO E) O
C) O₂
Glass is __________ whereas quartz is __________. A) hard, soft B) crystalline, amorphous C) amorphous, crystalline D) pure SiO₂ , a mixture of SiO₂ and carbonates E) breakable, not breakable
C) amorphous, crystalline
The correct name for the BH₄⁻ ion is __________. A) borate B) boride C) borohydride D) borite E) hydroboride
C) borohydride
38) Pyrex® glass is formed by adding an oxide of __________ to soda-lime glass. A) lead B) cobalt C) boron D) silver E) phosphorous
C) boron
The silver salt of __________ is used extensively in production of photographic film. A) fluorine B) chlorine C) bromine D) iodine E) astatine
C) bromine
Which of the following is not an allotropic form of carbon? A) graphite B) diamond C) carbide D) buckminsterfullerene E) All of the above are allotropic forms of carbon.
C) carbide
Which halogen forms an oxyacid with the formula HXO₂? A) bromine B) fluorine C) chlorine D) iodine E) astatine
C) chlorine
A borane is a A) compound containing only boron and oxygen. B) compound containing only boron and aluminum. C) compound containing only boron and hydrogen. D) compound containing only boron and carbon. E) three-dimensional covalent network of boron atoms.
C) compound containing only boron and hydrogen.
The reaction between nitrogen dioxide and water is a A) decomposition B) combustion C) disproportionation D) neutralization E) replacement
C) disproportionation
The primary commercial use of elemental nitrogen is in the manufacture of __________. A) plastics B) explosives C) nitrogen-containing fertilizers D) rubber E) chlorine bleach
C) nitrogen-containing fertilizers
The molecular shape of the SF₆ molecule is __________. A) tetrahedral B) trigonal bipyramidal C) octahedral D) trigonal pyramidal E) T-shaped
C) octahedral
Which group 6A element is not commonly found in a positive oxidation state? A) sulfur B) selenium C) oxygen D) tellurium E) polonium
C) oxygen
The oxidation numbers of nitrogen in the nitride ion, hydrazine, ammonium cation, and nitrate ion are __________, __________, __________, and __________, respectively. A) -3, -2, -3, +5 B) +3, -2, -3, +5 C) +3, -2, +1, +3 D) -3, +2, +1, +5 E) -3, +2, -3, +3
A) -3, -2, -3, +5
Which group 3A element is a metalloid? A) B B) Al C) Ga D) In E) Tl
A) B
The principal combustion products of compounds containing carbon and hydrogen in the presence of excess are __________. A) CO₂ and H₂O B) CO₂ and H₂O₂ C) CO₂ and H D) C(graphite) and H₂ E) CO₂ and H₂
A) CO₂ and H₂O
Of the atoms below, __________ is the most effective in forming π bonds. A) C B) P C) N D) Si E) Ge
A) Carbon
Br₂ can be prepared by combining NaBr with __________. A) Cl₂ B) HBr C) HCl D) NaCl E) I₂
A) Cl₂
Of the following substances, __________ is both a very strong acid and a powerful oxidizing agent. A) HNO₃ B) H₂SO₄ C) HCl D) H₃PO₄ E) HF
A) HNO₃
Which one of the following is false concerning tritium? A) It is radioactive, emitting alpha particles with a half-life of 12.3 yr. B) It can be produced by neutron bombardment of lithium-6. C) It is formed continuously in the upper atmosphere. D) It has the same chemical properties as protium but reacts more slowly. E) The atomic number of tritium is 1.
A) It is radioactive, emitting alpha particles with a half-life of 12.3 yr.
Which compound would produce a basic aqueous solution? A) MgH₂ B) H₂S C) HCl D) HI E) CH₃OH
A) MgH₂
Which of the following statements is false? A) Ozone is a better reducing agent than O₂ (g). B) Ozone is produced by passing electricity through dry O₂ (g). C) Ozone oxidizes all of the common metals except gold and platinum. D) Ozone decomposes to O₂ and O. E) Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen.
A) Ozone is a better reducing agent than O₂ (g).
The dissolution of 1.0 mol of __________ to 1.0 L of water at 25 °C would yield the most acidic solution. A) SO₃ B) CO₂ C) CO D) MgO E) CaO
A) SO₃
Which noble gas is known to form a variety of binary compounds? A) Xe B) He C) Ne D) Ar E) Kr
A) Xe
Of the following compounds, which is the most stable? A) XeF₆ B) XeOF₄ C) XeO₃ D) XeO₂F₂ E) XeF₂
A) XeF₆
A carbonyl compound contains A) a carbon-oxygen double bond B) a carbon-oxygen triple bond C) a carbon atom with a lone pair of electrons D) a carbon-carbon triple bond E) a carbon-carbon double bond
A) a carbon-oxygen double bond
A disproportionation reaction is one in which A) a single element is both oxidized and reduced. B) a compound is separated into its constituent elements. C) the ratio of combination of two elements in a compound changes. D) aqueous ions combine to form an insoluble salt. E) an insoluble salt separates into ions.
A) a single element is both oxidized and reduced.
The compound whose formula is CaC₂ is __________. A) calcium carbide B) carborundum C) carbon calcide D) calcium dicarbon E) limestone
A) calcium carbide
Silicones are A) chains of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with attached organic groups. B) three-dimensional covalent networks of SiO₄ tetrahedra. C) three-dimensional covalent networks of silicon atoms. D) flat sheets of silicon atoms. E) flat sheets of silicon and hydrogen atoms.
A) chains of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with attached organic groups.
Replacement of CaO by PbO in soda-lime glass results in A) denser glass with a higher refractive index. B) glass with a deep blue color. C) opaque glass. D) a softer glass with a lower melting point. E) a harder glass with a higher melting point.
A) denser glass with a higher refractive index.
An example of a form of pure carbon that contains only sp³ hybridized carbon atoms is __________. A) diamond B) charcoal C) graphite D) carbon black E) carborundum
A) diamond
Nearly all commercial oxygen is obtained __________. A) from air B) by electrolysis of water C) by thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate D) by thermal cracking of petroleum E) as a byproduct of the preparation of aluminum in the Hall process
A) from air
Isotopes of hydrogen A) have the same atomic number and different mass numbers. B) have the same atomic number and the same mass number. C) have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers. D) have different atomic numbers and the same mass number. E) are exactly alike.
A) have the same atomic number and different mass numbers.
Addition of B₂O₃ to soda-lime glass A) imparts a greater ability to withstand temperature change. B) imparts a deep blue color. C) results in a denser glass with a higher refractive index. D) results in a glass with a lower melting point. E) results in opaque glass.
A) imparts a greater ability to withstand temperature change.
The interhalogen compound ICl₃ can form but BrCl₃ cannot form. This is because A) iodine is large enough to accommodate three chlorine atoms around itself B) bromine is not electronegative enough to react with chlorine. C) bromine is too electronegative to react with chlorine. D) iodine can have a positive oxidation state but bromine cannot. E) iodine can have a negative oxidation state but bromine cannot.
A) iodine is large enough to accommodate three chlorine atoms around itself
SiO₄⁴⁻ is the __________ ion. A) orthosilicate ion B) silicate ion C) thiosilicate ion D) silicon tetroxide ion E) siliconate ion
A) orthosilicate ion
The electron-pair geometry and molecular geometry of XeF₂ are __________ and __________, respectively. A) trigonal bipyramidal; bent B) trigonal bipyramidal; linear C) trigonal bipyramidal; bent D) octahedral; linear E) octahedral; bent
B) trigonal bipyramidal; linear
Water gas is ________. A) H₂O and H₂ B) CO₂ and O₂ C) H₂O and CO₂ D) H₂O and CO E) H₂ and CO
E) H₂ and CO
What method is used to produce the most hydrogen gas in the United States? A) electrolysis of water B) reaction of zinc with acid C) reaction of methane with steam D) reaction of coke (carbon) with steam E) reaction of metallic sodium with water
C) reaction of methane with steam
What is the major commercial source of elemental sulfur? A) sulfide minerals B) sulfate minerals C) underground deposits of elemental sulfur D) seawater E) coal and petroleum
C) underground deposits of elemental sulfur
The oxidation number of N in NO₂ is _________. A) +1 B) +2 C) +3 D) +4 E) +5
D) +4
The oxidation state of silicon in SiO₄⁴⁻ is __________. A) 0 B) +6 C) +2 D) +4 E) -4
D) +4
How many oxygen atoms are bonded to each silicon atom in SiO₂? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) none
D) 4
Hydrogen can form hydride ions. Elements in group __________ typically form ions with the same charge as the hydride ion. A) 1A B) 2A C) 6A D) 7A E) 3A
D) 7A
Diborane is __________. A) B₁₀H₁₄ B) B₂O₃ C) BH₃ D) B₂H₆ E) H₃BO₃
D) B₂H₆
Boric oxide is __________. A) B₂O B) BO₂ C) BO D) B₂O₃ E) B₂O₄
D) B₂O₃
__________ is produced when coal is heated strongly in the absence of air. A) Buckminsterfullerene B) Carbon black C) Sulfur dioxide D) Coke E) Charcoal
D) Coke
25) Which halogen is the most easily oxidized? A) F B) Cl C) Br D) I
D) I
Which one of the following is false concerning buckminsterfullerene? A) It is the most recently discovered crystalline allotrope of carbon. B) It consists of individual molecules like C₆₀ and C₇₀. C) It is a molecular form of carbon. D) It is made up of CL₂ molecules. E) It is made up of molecules that resemble soccer balls.
D) It is made up of CL₂ molecules.
Hydrogen can combine with __________ to form a metallic hydride. A) an element from group 5A B) an element from group 7A C) an element from group 8A D) an element from group 1B E) an element from group 6A
D) an element from group 1B
The primary commercial use of oxygen is __________. A) for the treatment of respiratory distress B) in oxyacetylene welding C) as a household bleach D) as an oxidizing agent E) to charge oxygen-containing cylinders used by deep-sea divers
D) as an oxidizing agent
B₂O₃ is the anhydride of A) borous acid B) diborane C) tetraboric acid D) boric acid E) borax
D) boric acid
How are the oxygen-containing compounds of xenon made? A) by direct combination of the elements B) by reaction of xenon with peroxide C) by thermal decomposition of the xenon hydroxide D) by reaction of the corresponding xenon fluoride with water E) Xenon is inert and does not form compounds with oxygen.
D) by reaction of the corresponding xenon fluoride with water
The correct name of H₂CO₃ is __________. A) hydrogen carbide B) hydrogen carbonate ion C) carbonate ion D) carbonic acid E) carboxylic acid
D) carbonic acid
Most mined phosphate rock is __________. A) used as a strong acid B) used as a reducing agent C) used as a detergent D) converted to fertilizer E) discarded as a by-product
D) converted to fertilizer
Of the following, the most nonmetallic element is _________. A) carbon B) selenium C) iodine D) fluorine E) phosphorus
D) fluorine
To produce carbon black, __________. A) diamond is exposed to extremely high pressures and temperatures B) wood is strongly heated in the absence of oxygen C) coal is strongly heated in the absence of oxygen D) hydrocarbons such as methane are heated in a very limited supply of oxygen E) graphite is cooled to -273 °C
D) hydrocarbons such as methane are heated in a very limited supply of oxygen
Sodium borohydride, NaBH₄, is a strong reducing agent because __________. A)Na⁺ is easily reduced to Na (s). B) boron easily changes its oxidation number from +3 to -3 C) boron is readily oxidized from -3 oxidation state to +3 D) hydrogen can be easily oxidized from -1 oxidation state to +1 E) hydrogen is easily reduced from +1 oxidation state to 0
D) hydrogen can be easily oxidized from -1 oxidation state to +1
The primary commercial use of nitric acid is __________. A) in the manufacture of plastics B) in the manufacture of explosives C) in pool water maintenance D) in the manufacture of fertilizers E) in the manufacture of anti-depressant drugs
D) in the manufacture of fertilizers
Which halogen can react with fluorine to form the compound XF₇? A) bromine B) fluorine C) chlorine D) iodine E) astatine
D) iodine
Boron can violate the octet rule in its compounds in that A) it can have an expanded octet. B) it can exist in a molecule with an odd number of electrons. C) its compounds are all ionic. D) it can have fewer than eight valence electrons. E) boron cannot violate the octet rule.
D) it can have fewer than eight valence electrons.
What is the primary commercial use of hydrogen in the United States? A) as a rocket fuel, especially on the space shuttle B) hydrogenation of vegetable oils C) manufacture of methanol D) manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process E) as an automobile fuel
D) manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process
Although CaCO₃ is essentially insoluble in pure water, it dissolves slowly in acidic ground water due to formation of __________. A) insoluble Ca(OH)₂ B) soluble Ca(OH)₂ C) insoluble Ca(HCO₃)₂ D) soluble Ca(HCO₃)₂ E) soluble CaO
D) soluble Ca(HCO₃)₂
The arrangement of oxygen atoms around a silicon atom in SiO₄⁴⁻ is A) square planar B) octahedral C) linear D) tetrahedral E) trigonal pyramidal
D) tetrahedral
The heavier noble gases are more reactive than the lighter ones because A) the lighter noble gases exist as diatomic molecules. B) the lighter noble gases have complete octets. C) the heavier noble gases are more abundant. D) the heavier noble gases have low ionization energies relative to the lighter ones. E) the heavier noble gases have greater electron affinities.
D) the heavier noble gases have low ionization energies relative to the lighter ones.
The two allotropic forms of phosphorus are __________ and __________. A) black, red B) white, black C) white, yellow D) white, red E) black, yellow
D) white, red
Which one of the following is true concerning borax? A) It is the hydrated sodium salt of tetraboric acid. B) It is found in dry lake deposits in California. C) Its aqueous solutions are alkaline. D) It is commonly used in cleaning products. E) All of the above are true.
E) All of the above are true.
What is the oxidation state of xenon in XeO₂F₂? A) 0 B) +4 C) +8 D) +2 E) +6
E) +6
Which of the following is a molecular hydride? A) CaH₂ B) TiH₂ C) NaH D) SrH E) CH₄
E) CH₄
Which one of the following is false concerning pure hydrazine? A) It is an oily, colorless liquid. B) It can be made by reaction of hypochlorite and ammonia. C) It is used as a rocket fuel. D) Hydrazine is quite poisonous. E) It is a clear, red liquid that is highly viscous.
E) It is a clear, red liquid that is highly viscous.
The nitride ion is a strong Bronsted-Lowry base. Mg₃N₂ with water to produce __________. A) N₂ B) N₂O C) NO D) NO₂ E) NH₃
E) NH₃
What is the formula of borax? A) H₃BO₃ B) H₂B₄O₇ C) P₅O₈ D) B₂O₃ E) Na₂B₄O₇ ∙ 10H₂O
E) Na₂B₄O₇ ∙ 10H₂O
Replacement of Na₂O by K₂O in soda-lime glass results in A) opaque glass. B) a softer glass with a lower melting point. C) glass with a deep blue color. D) denser glass with a high refractive index. E) a harder glass with a higher melting point.
E) a harder glass with a higher melting point.
Interhalogen compounds __________. A) are exceedingly reactive B) contain halogens in both positive and negative oxidation states C) are powerful oxidizing agents D) that contain fluorine are very active fluorinating agents E) all of the above
E) all of the above
Of the following, which is an ionic hydride? A) BaH₂ B) LiH C) CaH₂ D) SrH₂ E) all of the above
E) all of the above
The oxidation state of fluorine in its compounds is A) positive unless it combines with another halogen. B) negative unless it combines with another halogen. C) negative unless it combines with oxygen. D) negative unless it combines with an active metal. E) always negative.
E) always negative.
Additives can be used in soda-lime glass to alter its __________. A) ability to withstand temperature change B) color C) hardness D) melting point E) any of the above
E) any of the above
Carbon dioxide is produced A) in blast furnaces when metal oxides are reduced with CO. B) by combustion of carbon-containing substances in an excess of oxygen. C) when carbonates are heated. D) by fermentation of sugar during the production of ethanol. E) by all of the above processes.
E) by all of the above processes.
What are the products of the reaction of PCL₃ (g) and water? A) phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid B) elemental phosphorus and hydrochloric acid C) phosphoric acid and chlorine gas D) elemental phosphorus and chlorine gas E) phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid
E) phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid