chp 12

As a response to the sexual abuse of male and female inmates, President George W. Bush signed the ________ into law in 2003.

Prison Rape Elimination Act

In 2011, there were approximately ________ inmates in state prisons across the United States.

1,404,000

Some groups have suggested that an inmate's time in solitary confinement should be limited to ________ days.

90

Which group of inmates is considered to be at the bottom of the hierarchy of prison society?

Inmates convicted of sex offenses

________ is the degree of danger associated with the inmates being housed in a prison.

Security level

Which of the following is an explanation for the rapid increase in the population of female inmates in the United States?

The "get tough" sentencing movement The drug epidemic Mandatory sentencing policies

Steve, Brandon, and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary. After their sentencing, they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs. After they complete these tests, they are each sent to a different prison. Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender, so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement. Brandon, like Steve, does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate, and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs. Dylan is considered a high security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial. He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell. The testing process that Steve, Brandon, and Dylan go through after being sentenced is referred to as:

classification

Suppose you are incarcerated in a state prison. You are curious about the inmate subculture and inmate code that you keep hearing about and ask some other inmates about it. You also ask them to explain why they think an inmate subculture forms. One inmate, Frank, explains to you that all the things that inmates are deprived of when they are incarcerated, such as freedom, personal liberty, heterosexual relationships, and security, force inmates to create their own subculture. However, another inmate, Carl, disagrees with Frank. He argues that this subculture does not develop in prison; rather, he argues that inmates already hold the values of the prison code on the outside and bring them to prison with them. The process of developing the inmate subculture that Frank is referring to is the:

deprivation model.

The U.S. Supreme Court case of Wolff v. McDonnell held that inmates had due process rights when they were facing placement in solitary confinement and when they were:

facing loss of good time credits.

The case of Cooper v. Pate gave inmates the right to:

file civil lawsuits against prison authorities.

The majority of the cost of confining senior citizens in prisons and jails can be attributed to:

health care.

Upon entering prison, most inmates go through a process where they learn and adopt the values and norms of the prison. Some of these values and norms include not portraying themselves as weak or needy, not associating with corrections officers, and not snitching on others. The norms and values of prisons that inmates learn is referred to as the:

inmate code.

Jack is incarcerated in the Southwest State Prison. He has been there for the past 12 years and has over 30 years left on his sentence. While incarcerated, his communication with his family has been restricted; most notably, any letters that he has attempted to send that criticize the conditions of the prison have been censored. Further, he has not been allowed to practice his religion because it is not a commonly practiced religion in the United States. Because Jack has been incarcerated for so long, it is likely that he will face great difficulty in integrating back into society. The difficulty of inmates in reintegrating is referred to as:

institutionalization

Steve, Brandon, and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary. After their sentencing, they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs. After they complete these tests, they are each sent to a different prison. Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender, so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement. Brandon, like Steve, does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate, and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs. Dylan is considered a high security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial. He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell. Dylan has been sentenced to a ________-security prison.

maximum

Jack and his cellmate, Vlad, get into an argument one day. Jack assaults Vlad and is put into solitary confinement. Because he was the aggressor and assaulted Vlad, it is likely that Jack is placed into:

punitive segregation.

Prison gangs are also referred to as:

security threat groups.

Tom overhears another inmate talking about his girlfriend and referring to her as a "mule." If this inmate's girlfriend is a mule, she most likely:

smuggles drugs into the prison.

From 1970 to 1991, the U.S. Supreme Court:

supported the constitutional rights of inmates.

Women's prisons often differ from men's prisons in:

that they are less violent. that there is less sexual aggression. that homosexual activity is usually consensual.

Many inmates who are raped in prison do not report these rapes. The reluctance of rape victims to report their victimization and the general underreporting of rape incidents can be attributed to:

the refusal of correctional officers to report the rape to authorities. embarrassment. fear of retaliation.