chpt 28-Managements of Patients With Structural, Infectious and Inflammatory Cardiac Disorders
Which of the following is an inaccurate statement regarding an autograft?
Anticoagulation is necessary.
The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with aortic stenosis, but is reluctant to have surgery for valve replacement. The nurse is present when the physician talks to the client about a treatment that is less invasive than surgery, but that will likely relieve some of the client's symptoms. Later, the client asks the nurse to review with her spouse the treatment offered. What does the nurse talk about with the spouse?
Balloon percutaneous valvuloplasty
For a client with cardiomyopathy, the most important nursing diagnosis is:
Decreased cardiac output related to reduced myocardial contractility.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with myocarditis. The nurse must be aware that patients with myocarditis are sensitive to which of the following medications?
Digoxin
A client is admitted to the hospital with aortic stenosis. Which of the following assessment findings would indicate the development of left ventricular failure?
Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
The diagnosis of aortic regurgitation (AR) is confirmed by which of the following?
Echocardiography
Which signs and symptoms accompany a diagnosis of pericarditis?
Fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with myocarditis. Which diagnostic test would the nurse find most helpful in confirming the diagnosis?
Myocardial biopsy
patient has been admitted with acute pericarditis. The nurse has created a care plan with a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to pericardial inflammation. An appropriate nursing intervention for this patient is:
Placing the patient in the high-Fowler's position with an over-the-bed table for the patient to lean on
A nurse is teaching a patient about valve replacement surgery. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the benefit of an autograft replacement valve?
The valve is made from my own heart valve, and I will not need to take any blood thinning drugs when I am discharged."
Which type of graft is utilized when a heart valve replacement is made of tissue from an animal heart valve?
Xenograft
Which of the following describes a valve used in replacement surgery that is made from the patient's own heart valve?
autograft
Which of the following nursing interventions should a nurse perform when a patient with cardiomyopathy receives a diuretic?
check for dependant edema regularly
A patient complaining of heart palpitations is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation caused by mitral valve prolapse. In order to relieve the symptoms, the nurse should teach the patient which of the following dietary interventions?
eliminate caffeine and alcohol
The nurse is auscultating the heart of a patient diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. Which of the following is often the first and only manifestation of mitral valve prolapse?
extra heart sound
A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old client diagnosed with atrial fibrillation who has just had a mitral valve replacement. The client is being discharged with prescribed warfarin (Comaudin). She mentions to you that she relies on the rhythm method for birth control. What education would be a priority for the nurse to provide to this client?
he high risk for complications if she becomes pregnant while taking warfarin
A nurse reviewing a patient's echocardiogram report reads the following statements: "The heart muscle is asymmetrically thickened and has an increase in overall size and mass, especially along the septum. The ventricular walls are thickened reducing the size of the ventricular cavities. Several areas of the myocardium have evidence of scaring." The nurse knows these manifestations are indicative of which type of cardiomyopathy?
hypertrophic
A nursing student is caring for a client with end-stage cardiomyopathy. The client's spouse asks the nurse to clarify one of the last treatment options available that the physician mentioned earlier. After checking with the primary nurse, the nursing student would most likely discuss which of the following?
left ventricular assist device
hich of the following nursing interventions should a nurse perform to reduce cardiac workload in a patient diagnosed with myocarditis?
maintain pt on bedrest
A 6-year-old female client is admitted to the pediatrics unit due to suspected rheumatic fever. Aggressive antibiotic therapy and comfort measures have been instituted to minimize the long-lasting effects of the systemic inflammation. If the client were to develop rheumatic carditis, which cardiac structure would most likely be affected?
mitral valve
A patient with infective endocarditis (IE) and a fever is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Which of these physician orders should the nurse implement first?
order blood cultures drawn from 2 sights
A physician has scheduled a client with mitral stenosis for mitral valve replacement. Which condition may arise as a complication of mitral stenosis?
pulmonary hypertension
Which valve lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery?
pulmonic
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with rheumatic endocarditis but no valvular dysfunction. On which nursing diagnosis should the nurse focus her teaching?
risk for infection
A patient with a myocardial infarction develops acute mitral valve regurgitation. The nurse knows to assess for which of the following manifestations that would indicate that the patient is developing pulmonary congestion? You selected:
sob
The nurse assessing a patient with pericardial effusion at 0800 notes the apical pulse is 74 and the BP is 140/92. At 1000, the patient has neck vein distention, the apical pulse is 72, and the BP is 108/92. Which action would the nurse implement first?
stay with the patient, use a calm voice, and ask for assistance via call light.
Myocarditis is most commonly caused by which of the following?
viral infection
