CIS Ch 11

About ________ percent of the United States GDP is produced by the knowledge and information sectors. 65 25 85 45 15

45

Expert systems

???

Hardware and software that attempt to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain best describe artificial intelligence. an expert system. a neural network. case-based reasoning. fuzzy logic.

A neural network

A MOOC is a type of online course. a collaboration tool. a virtual reality system. a type of knowledge work system. an intelligent technique.

A type of online course

Technology that consists of computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior is called learning management systems. AI technology. fuzzy logic. genetic algorithms. neural networks.

AI Technology

_______ seeks to enhance human perception by combining a live direct view of the physical world with computer-generated images. CAD KWS VRML LMS AR

AR

In this technique, descriptions of past experiences of human specialists are stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a situation with similar characteristics. LMS expert systems data mining CBR fuzzy logic

CBR

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems of policy development. high complexity. classification. imprecise rules. logic and control.

Classification

The flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system describes experience. knowledge. wisdom. information. data.

Data

Which of the following would not be classified as a knowledge work system? computer-aided design system expert system virtual reality system 3D visualization system investment workstations

Expert system

Because neural network applications cannot always explain why they arrive at a particular solution, they are not well suited for use in the medical profession. True False

False

Case-based reasoning is not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine. True False

False

Expert systems are the primary tools used for knowledge discovery. True False

False

Expert systems work by applying a set of AND/OR rules against a knowledge base, both of which are extracted from human experts. True False

False

Expertise is thought to be the collective and individual experience of applying knowledge to the solution of problems. True False

False

Fuzzy logic systems "learn" patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data, searching for relationships, building models, and correcting over and over again the model's own mistakes. True False

False

Intelligent agents can discover underlying patterns, categories, and behaviors in large data sets. True False

False

Intelligent techniques include CAD and VRML. True False

False

Knowledge is universally applicable and easily moved. True False

False

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge, from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers. True False

False

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees. True False

False

Structured knowledge is explicit knowledge that exists in informal documents. True False

False

VRML requires the use of a powerful server as well as large amounts of bandwidth. True False

False

While systems such as KWS can manage semistructured and unstructured information, enterprise-wide content management systems are designed to manage a firm's structured information. True False

False

Systems that integrate different types of techniques, such as genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic, neural networks, and expert systems, into a single application are called ________ systems. CAD machine learning differential intelligence enterprise learning hybrid AI

Hybrid AI

To automate routine tasks to help firms search for and filter information for use in electronic commerce and supply chain management a firm would most likely use CAD systems. fuzzy logic systems. intelligent agents. genetic algorithms. virtual reality systems.

Intelligent agents

What type of intelligent technique helped Procter & Gamble determine the most efficient methods for their trucks to deliver goods? fuzzy logic genetic algorithms CBR neural networks intelligent agents

Intelligent agents

Which of the following statements about 3D printing is not true? It creates objects layer by layer. It is only usable to make prototypes. It creates solid objects. It uses specifications in a digital file. It is also called additive manufacturing.

It is only usable to make prototypes

Which of the following does not describe the dimensions of knowledge in a firm? It is enmeshed in a firm's culture. It is intangible. It is contextual and applicable only in relevant situations. It is a cognitive event involving mental models. It is subject to the laws of diminishing returns.

It is subject to the laws of diminishing returns.

Specialized systems built for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called LMS. wikis. KMS. KWS. CAD systems.

KWS

Which of the following is not a typical component or capability of an enterprise content management system? LMS digital asset management KWS social networking tools tagging tools

KWS

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"? Knowledge is universally applicable. Knowledge works only in certain situations. Knowledge is intangible. Knowledge is hard to move. Knowledge is difficult to replace

Knowledge is hard to move

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter? Knowledge is situational. Knowledge has different forms. Knowledge is timeless. Knowledge is a firm asset. Knowledge has a location.

Knowledge is timeless

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm? Knowledge enables firms to become more efficient in their use of scarce resources. Knowledge is unconditional. Knowledge should be seen as an intangible key asset. Much of the firm's value relies on being able to create knowledge. Knowledge experiences network effects as more people share it.

Knowledge is unconditional.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management? Knowledge doesn't exist without collaboration. Without knowledge, collaboration is difficult. Knowledge is the end product of collaboration. Knowledge is useful only when shared with others. As knowledge increases, so does collaboration.

Knowledge is useful only when shared with others.

________ often are designed and optimized for the specific tasks to be performed. LMS Virtual simulators CAD stations Knowledge workstations Graphics programs

Knowledge workstations

________ is the study of how computer programs can improve their performance without explicit programming. Intelligent techniques COP Genetic algorithms Neural networks Machine learning

Machine learning

The terms used in a fuzzy logic system to describe imprecise states or conditions are referred to as membership functions. inference engines. taxonomies. neural networks. tags.

Membership Functions

Which of the following is not used to capture tacit knowledge? knowledge base case-based reasoning neural network fuzzy logic expert system

Neural network

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms? Genetic algorithms are designed to work with small amounts of data, while neural networks can handle large quantities of data. Genetic algorithms are designed to process large amounts of information. Neural networks are programmed to "learn." Neural networks are a type of machine learning, whereas genetic algorithms are static programs. Genetic algorithms are a type of knowledge discovery, while neural networks are an intelligent technique.

Neural networks are programmed to "learn."

A(n) ________ is a type of intelligent technique that finds patterns and relationships in massive data sets too large for a human to analyze. CAD genetic algorithm inference engine neural network expert system

Neutral network

Most knowledge workers require specialized knowledge work systems, but they also rely on office systems. data transferring systems. imaging systems. schools and universities. external feeds.

Office systems

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called the knowledge value chain. knowledge management. organizational learning. change management. knowledge networking.

Organizational learning

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge? voice-mail memos e-mail videos request for proposals

Request for proposals

________ knowledge exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors. Management Tacit Unstructured Semi-structured Explicit

Semi-structured

Expertise of organizational members that has not been formally documented best describes wisdom. information. experience. data. tacit knowledge.

Tacit knowledge

A(n) ________ is a scheme for classifying information and knowledge in such a way that it can be easily accessed. COP KMS intelligent technique taxonomy KWS

Taxonomy

3-D printers can produce fully functioning components, such as working batteries and LEDs. True False

True

Both structured and unstructured documents can contain knowledge. True False

True

Expert systems are typically used in business in discrete, highly structured decision-making situations. True False

True

Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization. True False

True

Fuzzy logic can describe a particular phenomenon or process linguistically and then represent that description in a small number of flexible rules. True False

True

Hybrid AI applications are being implemented in home appliances, such as washing machines. True False

True

Backward chaining is a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user. a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks. the programming environment of an expert system. a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis. a programming algorithm used to create a virtual world using VRML.

a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Forward chaining is a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user. a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks. a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis. the programming environment of an expert system. a programming algorithm used to create a virtual world using VRML.

a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.

An inference engine is a programming algorithm used to create a virtual world using VRML. a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining. a strategy for searching the rule base in case-based reasoning. a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks. the programming environment of an expert system.

a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining.

Which type of intelligent agent models the behavior of consumers, stock markets, and more, by seeing them as autonomous agents that follow relatively simple rules for interaction? augmented reality VRML agent-based modeling genetic algorithm MOOC

agent-based modeling

The last step in the knowledge management value chain is disseminate. store. apply. feedback. acquire.

apply

Investment workstations provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing. allow groups to work together on documents. provide an important source of expertise for organizations. are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations and manage the investment process. are used by senior executives to plan the financial future of firms.

are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations and manage the investment process.

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique? computer-aided design LMS case-based reasoning VRML digital asset management

case-based reasoning

What is the first value-adding step in the knowledge business value chain? store acquire apply disseminate data and information acquisition

data and information acquisition

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge discovery? fuzzy logic case-based reasoning transaction processing systems data mining expert system

data mining

Genetic algorithms seek to emulate a human expert's way of solving problems. develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation. do not work for most problems. represent knowledge as groups of characteristics. are based on logic.

develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation.

You are advising a multimedia company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips. Which of the following will suit their needs? CAD system VRML system enterprise content management system LMS digital asset management system

digital asset management system

Which of the following systems digitizes, indexes, and tags documents according to a coherent framework? KMS wikis LMS CAD document management

document management

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems? KMS, LMS, and KWS enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques management information systems, decision support systems, and transaction processing systems enterprise systems, customer support systems, and supply chain management systems database management systems, expert systems, and knowledge work systems

enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques

You are an automotive engineer working on an application that will automatically parallel park a car. The intelligent technique you may find most useful is expert system. a neural network. artificial intelligence. fuzzy logic. case-based reasoning.

fuzzy logic

Your company wants to develop intelligent techniques to create a "smart" oven that can perfectly cook basic foodstuffs, such as roasts and bread, using sensors and minimal input from the user. The system would know the difference between rare, medium rare, medium, and well done roasts. The category of intelligent technique that would describe this system is fuzzy logic. case-based reasoning. genetic algorithm. neural network. expert system.

fuzzy logic

Apple's Siri application is an example of neural networks. machine learning. intelligent agents. CBR. artificial intelligence.

intelligent agents

Software programs that work without direct human intervention to carry out specific tasks for individual users, business processes, or software applications, are called business intelligence. intelligent agents. genetic algorithms. intelligent techniques. AI hybrid systems.

intelligent agents

Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning best describes a(n) investment workstation. learning management system. employee enrichment system. employee management system. organizational learning system.

learning management system

The set of business processes, culture, and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of knowledge culture. organizational and management capital. organizational routine. knowledge. knowledge discovery.

organizational and management capital.

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of practice. professionals. knowledge. expertise. interest.

practice

Virtual reality systems provide an important source of expertise for organizations. allow groups to work together on documents. enable acquiring, storing, and disseminating knowledge documents in a virtual world. provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing. provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.

provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.

CAD workstations provide an important source of expertise for organizations. are high-end PCs used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management. facilitate employee learning. provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing. allow groups to work together on documents.

provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.

In content management, once a taxonomy is developed, documents must then be ________ with the proper classification. referenced linked tupled tagged documented

tagged

The model of human knowledge used by expert systems is referred to as CBR. AI. an inference engine. the knowledge base. a neural network.

the knowledge base

Expert systems are expensive and time consuming to maintain because their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules. it is difficult to program at this level of complexity without introducing software bugs. they rely on equipment that becomes outdated. only the person who created the system knows exactly how it works, and may not be available when changes are needed. their rule base is so complex.

their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules.

For a firm, organizational resources are needed to transform data into knowledge. True False

true