CIS-Exam #2

8

# of Satellites for GEO

22,300 miles

Orbit of GEO

electronic mall, a collection of individual stores under on internet address. Closely associated with Business to Consumer electronic commerce.

E-Malls

is a central, virtual market space on the web where many buyers and many sellers can conduct E-Commerce and E-Business activities. Associated with Business to Business.

E-Marketplaces

a website that represents a single store.

E-Storefronts

competitive buying and selling process in which prices are determined dynamically by competitive bidding. Generally increase revenues for sellers by broadening the customer base and shortening the cycle time of the auction. Buyers benefit from E-auction because they can bargain for lower prices and no travel .

Electronic Auctions

somewhat broader concept than E-Commerce but in addition to the buying and selling of goods and services, this refers to servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, and performing electronic transactions within an organization

Electronic Business

There are a variety of E-Cards, electronic credit cards, virtual credit cards, purchasing cards, store value money cards, and smart cards. Allows customers to make payments online. Used primarily for Business to Consumer and shopping by small-to-medium enterprises.

Electronic Cards

consists of product database, a directory and search capabilities, and a presentation function. Backbone of E-Commerce.

Electronic Catalogs

Primarily used in Business to Business and are similar to regular checks. Customer must establish a checking account with the bank, must use an encrypted check to the seller, seller deposits the check in the bank account, and funds are transferred. These checks carry a signature that can be verified.

Electronic Checks

are independently owned by a third party, and they connect many sellers and buyers. (Vertical, Horizontal, and Functional)

Electronic Exchanges

Transactions are conducted efficiently (more information and exchanges to buyers and sellers, lower transaction's cost) in electronic marketplaces (public or private).

Electronic Marketplaces (Business Model)

Electronic Checks, Electronic Cards, Person to Person Payments

Electronic Payment Mechanisms

Businesses request quotes from suppliers. Uses Business to Business with a reverse auction system.

Electronic Tendering System (Business Model)

the practice of disseminating information in an attempt to influence buyer-seller transactions. Internet advertising redefines the advertising process making it the rich, dynamic, an interactive. (Interactive, Updated Quickly, and Cheaper)

Online Advertising

Companies run auctions of various types on the internet. Very popular to Consumer to Consumer, but gaining ground on the other types of E-Commerce. (eBay) 1.Forward Auction 2.Reverse Auction

Online Auctions (Business Model)

manufactures or retailers sell directly to customers. Very efficient for digital products an services. Can allow for product or service customization. (Dell.com)

Online Direct Marketing (Business Model)

Cheaper than a full service or discount broker. E-Trade, Ameritrade. Millions of people in the US use computers to trade stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments.

Online Securities Trading

a company that offers selling directly to the consumers has to complete the following tasks: find products to be shipped, pack items, arrange for them to be delivered, collect money, and possibly deal with returns and unwanted items

Order Fulfillment

connects buyer and sellers across industries. Used primarily for MRO materials.

Horizontal Exchanges

appears in the front of the current window

Pop Up Ads

customers decide how much they are willing to pay. An intermediary tries to match a provider (Priceline.com)

Name-Your-Own-Price (Business Model)

customized for a target audience

Advantage to Banners

high bandwidth and relatively inexpensive

Advantages of Microwave

1. waves travel normally through wall 2. inexpensive and easy to install 3. transmits at high speeds

Advantages to Radio

High bandwidth and large coverage area

Advantages to Satellite

banners, pop-up ads, pop under ads, spamming, permission marketing, viral marketing

Advertising Methods

vendors ask partners to place logos or banners on partner sites. If customers click on logo, go to vendors site, and buy, then the vendor pays a commission to the partner.

Affiliate Marketing (Business Model)

simply electronic billboards. Contains small texts or graphical message to promote a product or vendor. Clickable to its transfers consumer websites.

Banners

Intermediary administers online exchange or surplus products and or company receives "points" for contribution, which it can use to purchase needed items (bbu.com)

Bartering Online (Business Model)

1. National and International market are more accessible 2. Lowers costs of processing, distributing, and retrieving information. 3. Provides access to a vast number of products and services 24/7 4. deliver information, services, and products to people in cities, rural areas, and developing countries

Benefits of E-Commerce

purely physical organization

Brick and Mortar Organization

both the seller and the buyer are business organizations. Comprises the cast majority to E-Commerce volume

Business to Business E-Commerce

the sellers organizations and the buyers are individuals

Business to Consumer

an organization uses E-Commerce internally to provide information and services to its employees

Business to Employee

connect buyers and sellers in a given industry. Frequently owned and managed by consortium (major players in the industry)

Vertical Exchanges

model in which organizations attempt to procure needed products or services from other organizations electronically. Reverse Auction.

Buy-Side Marketplaces

a process in which a company integrates its online and offline channels

Multi-Channeling

the alienation of existing distributors when a company decided to sell to customers directly online.

Channel Conflict

1.satellites stationary relative to a point on the earth 2. few satellites needed for global coverage 3. transmission delay for . 25 seconds 4. most expensive to build and launch 5. longest orbital life (many years)

Characteristics of GEO

1. satellites move rapidly relative to the point on the earth 2. large numbers needed for global coverage 3. requires low power transmitters 4. negligible transmission delay 5. least expensive to build and launch 6. shortest orbital life (5 years)

Characteristics of LEO

1. satellites move relative to a point on earth 2. moderate number needed for global coverage 3. requires medium-powered transmitters 4. negligible transmission delay 5. less expensive to build and launch 6. moderate orbital life (6-12 years)

Characteristics of MEO

conduct some E-Commerce activities, yet their primary business is carried out in the physical world

Click and Mortar Organization

an individual sells products or services to other individuals. Auctions or classified ads

Consumer to Consumer

protecting intellectual property rights in the E-Commerce style. This is difficult because there are 200 countries with different copyright laws.

Copyright

involves conducting various banking activities from home, at a place of business, or on the road instead of at a physical banking location. Paying bills or applying for a loan.

Cyber Banking

refers to the practice of registering or using a domain name for the purpose of profiting from the goodwill of the trademark that belongs to someone else. Not illegal, just unethical.

Cybersquatting

company offers deep discounts. Appeals to customer who consider price only price in their purchasing decisions. (half.com)

Deep Discounters (Business Model)

Brick and Mortar Organizations, Virtual Organizations, Click and Mortar Organizations

Degree of Digitization

only convey small amounts of information and are often ignored

Disadvantage to Banners

must have unobstructed view and is susceptible to environmental interferences

Disadvantages of Microwave

expensive, requires unobstructed view. propagation delay, requires the use of encryption security

Disadvantages of Satellite

workers can capture and transmit sensitive proprietary information

Disadvantages of Smartphones

1. can create electrical interference problems 2. susceptible to snooping 3. when traveling signal fade and crackles

Disadvantages to Radio

one of the most pressing issues with E-Commerce relating to online services. Elimination of intermediaries in electronic commerce.

Disintermediation

are assigned by central non-profit organization that check for conflicts and possible infringement problems. Considered legal when a company or person has operated as a legit business under this name for quite some time. (Nissan)

Domain Names Ethical Issue

describes the process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, or information via computer networks, including the internet.

E-Commerce

Online Direct Marketing, Electronic Tendering System, Name Your-Own-Price, Find the Best Price, Affiliate Marketing, Viral Marketing, Group Purchasing, Online Auctions, Product Customization, Electronic Marketplaces, Bartering Online, Deep Discounters, Membership.

E-Commerce Business Models

is the use of Internet technology in general and E-Commerce in particular to deliver information and public services to citizens and to business partners and suppliers. An efficient way of conducting business transactions with citizens and businesses within the government themselves. Makes government more effective and efficient especially in delivery of public services.

E-Government

Customers specify a need; an intermediary compares providers and shows the lowest price. Customers must accept the offer in a short time or they may lose the deal. (HotWire)

Find-the-Best-Price (Business Model)

sellers solicit bids from many potential buyers. Sellers place items at sites for auction, and buyers bid continuously for them. Highest bidder wins.

Forward Auction

needed services such as temporary help or extra office space are traded on an "as needed" basis.

Functional Exchange

a wireless system that utilizes satellites to enable users to determine their position anywhere on earth. Supported by 24 MEO

Global Positioning System (GPS)

(E-Coop) Small buyers aggregate demand to create a large volume; the group then conducts tendering or negotiating a low price.

Group Purchasing (Business Model)

red light that is not visible to the naked eye. Used with remote, DVD players, VCR, etc.

Infrared

in many areas this is the only option for internet connections because installing cable is to expensive or physically impossible. Can be disturbed by environmental influences.

Internet Over Satellite (IOS)

Channel Conflict, Multi-channeling, Order Fulfillment

Issues with E-Tailing (3)

many

LEO # of Satellites

400-700 miles

LEO Orbit

Phone

LEO Use

fraud on the internet, domain names, cybersquatting, taxes and other fees, copyright

Legal and Ethical Issues Specific to E-Commerce

1. Lack of universally accepted security standards 2. In less-developed countries telecommunications bandwidth is often insufficient, and web access is expensive 3. Perceptions that E-Commerce is insecure 4.Unresolved legal issues 5. lacks a critical mass of buyers and sellers

Limitations of E-Commerce

10-12

MEO # of Satellites

6,434 miles

MEO Orbit

GPS

MEO Use

1.small enough to easily carry or wear 2. sufficient to computing power to perform productive tasks. 3. communicate wirelessly with the internet and other devices

Major Advantages of Smartphones

Electronic Catalogs, Electronic Auctions, E-Storefronts, E-malls, E-Marketplaces

Major E-Commerce Mechanisms

microwave, satellite, radio, and infrared

Major types of Wireless Media Channels

only members can use the services provided including the access to certain information, conducting trades, etc. (egreetings.com)

Membership (Business Model)

small payments of a few dollars or less

Micropayments

refers to E-Commerce that is conducted entirely in wireless environment

Mobile Commerce

asks customers to give their permission to voluntarily accept their online advertising and email. Customers may receive incentives and are often asked to fill out an advertising form that asks about their interests. (clickdough.com)

Permission Marketing

enables two individuals or an individual and a business, to transfer funds without using a credit card. (PayPal). Create a username and password to transfer funds from the bank to the new account.

Person-to-Person Payment

appears underneath the active window; when the users close the active window. Considered intrusive by users.

Pop Under Ads

customers use the internet to self configure products or services. Sellers then price them and fulfill them quickly. (Build to Order). (Jaguar. com)

Product Customization (Business Model)

one buyer, usually an organization, wants to purchase a product or service. The buyer posts a request for a quotation on its website or on a third party website. Interested suppliers study the request and submit bids electronically. Lowest bidder wins. Most common for large purchases. Government and large corporations use this approach, which may cause large savings.

Reverse Auction

organizations attempt to sell their products or services to other organizations electronically from their own private E-Marketplaces website and or from a third party vendor. Similar to Business to Consumer.

Sell-Side Marketplaces

contain a chip that can store a considerable amount of information. Multipurpose (credit, debit, store-value). Ideal for micropayments.

Smart Cards

the indiscriminate distribution of electronic ads without the permission of the receiver. Becoming worse over time.

Spamming

Allow you to use a fixed amount of prepaid money and then spend it necessary. Transportation, App Card, Telephone Card.

Store-Value Money Cards

No taxation on E-Business, online retailers may be able to undercut prices of their non-internet competitors.

Taxes and Other Fees

thousands of companies and government agenicies advertise their positions, accept resumes , and take applications via the internet. (monster.com)

The Online Job Market

Geostationary Earth Orbit, Middle Earth Orbit, Low Earth Orbit

Three Basic Types of Telecommunication Satellites

refers to online word-of-mouth marketing. Have people forward messages to friends, family members, and others.

Viral Marketing

Receivers send information about your products to their friends.

Viral Marketing (Business Marketing)

companies only engaged in E-Commerce

Virtual Organization

allow you to purchase airline tickets, reserve hotel rooms, and rent cars. (Expedia.com) "Mistake Fares" is an issue occurring with E-Commerce.

Travel Services

Business to Business, Business to Consumers, Consumer to Consumer, Business to Employee, Mobile Commerce, E-Government

Types of E-Commerce

TV Signal

Use of GEO

transmits signals without wires

Wireless Media