CJ 100 Chapter 8

Domestic courts hear which of the following types of cases?

Crimes of domestic violence, such as child and spousal abuse

When can offender have multiple trials for same offense and not have it be considered double jeopardy?

When he or she committed the same crime in several states.

A request from a higher court asking a lower court for the record of a case is called a __________.

Writ of certiorari

There are how many US Supreme Court Justices?

9

T or F: The Minnesota plan is method of selecting judges that combines appointment and election

False

T or F: if case is reversed and remanded it means it is sent to US Supreme Court for new trial

False

T or F; "laissez-faire" judge follows procedure and restricts the freedom of attorneys to deviate from regulations

False

Which courts have jurisdiction over cases that include drug trafficking, kidnapping, bank robbery, and illegal gambling?

Federal Courts

Which US Supreme Court case established every American's right to be represented by counsel in criminal trial?

Gideon v. Wainwright

Appellate courts do not determine the defendant's guilt or innocence— they only make judgments on questions of procedure, in other words, they are concerned with __________ and normally accept the facts as established by the trial court.

Questions of law

The role of judge during court case is that of a what?

Referee

The __________ function of courts see criminals as analogous to patients, and the courts perform the role of physicians who dispense "treatment

Rehabilitation

What is one of the limitations of the jurisdiction of a court?

Subject matter

The social organization consisting of the judge, prosecutor, defense attorney, and other court workers is called the __________.

courtroom work group

T or F: Concurrent jurisdiction is situation that occurs when two or more courts have authority to preside over same criminal case

True

T or F: Specialty courts are lower courts that have jurisdiction over one specific area of criminal activity, such as illegal drugs or domestic violence

True

T or F: The bureaucratic function of the courts goal focuses on the task of dealing with the cases brought before the court

True

T or F: The legitimacy of US courts is based on two factors: impartiality and independence

True

T or F; A trial court is court in which most cases usually begin and in which questions of fact are examined

True

T or F; More than 90 percent of petitions for writs of certiorari to the US Supreme Court are denied

True

T or F; The judge is dominant figure in courtroom and therefore exerts most influence over values and norms of work group

True

The __________ of a court is the authority of a court to hear and decide cases within an area of the law or a geographic territory.

jurisdiction

The __________ is a rule of the United States Supreme Court that the Court will not issue a writ of certiorari unless at least four justices approve of the decision to hear the case.

rule of four

"Jursidiction" literally means what?

"to speak the law"

Courts that review decisions made by lower courts are called what?

Appellate Courts

Which of the four functions of courts emphasizes punishment and retribution - criminals must suffer for the harm done to society, and it is the courts' responsibility to see that they do so

Crime Control Function

Individual who maintains large amount of paperwork generated during trial, including transcripts, photographs, evidence, and any other record, and also issues subpoenas for jury duty and coordinates jury selection is ________.

Clerk or the court

What person is NOT part of the courtroom workgroup?

Defendant

The calendar of cases in court is called what?

Docket

The separate but interrelated court system of the United States, made up of the courts on the national level and the courts on the state level, is called the __________.

Dual court system

The __________ function of the courts is to protect individuals from the unfair advantages that the government—with its immense resources— automatically enjoys in legal battles.

Due process

Which of the four functions of the courts is to protect individuals from unfair advantages that government - with its immense resources - automatically enjoys in legal battles

Due process function

The process by which one jurisdiction surrenders a person accused or convicted of violating another jurisdiction's criminal law to the second jurisdiction is called __________.

Extradition

The legitimacy of the courts in the United States is based on two factors, impartiality and _______.

Independence

Power of US Supreme Court to determine whether law or action by the other branches of the government is constitutional is called what?

Judicial Review

Before any court can hear a case, it must have _____ over the persons involved in the case or its subject matter.

Jurisdiction

For most part, criminal jurisdiction is determined by what?

Legislation

Rehabilitation funciton of the court is based on what model?

Medical model

Method of selecting judges that combines appointment and election is called the what?

Missouri Plan

Elections in which candidates are presented on ballot without any party affiliation are called what?

Nonpartisan elections

Special court that handles wills, administrations of estates, and guardianship of minors and incompetents is called what?

Probate court

Courts in which most cases usually begin and in which questions of fact are examined are called what?

Trial courts

Courts of original jurisdiction are called what?

Trial courts

What would be considered the lowest tier of the federal court system?

US District Court

The __________ is responsible for maintaining security and order in the judge's chambers and the courtroom.

bailiff