CJ Chapter 5-7

Which of the following is a way to control the amount of discretion exercised by police officers

-close supervision by a police agency's management -departments directives or polices -decisions of the US Supreme Court

In which of the following ways can community policing contribute to drug enforcement?

-foot patrol and problem- oriented policing can reduce street level dealing -community policing may increase public support for drug enforcement efforts by encouraging citizens to report drug crimes and and identify drug dealers -community organizing may empower citizens to resist drug dealers and drug abusers who invade their communities

Some of the more important functions of traffic units are:

-to recommend traffic engineering changes that will enhance the flow of traffic and promote safety -to enforce traffic laws, particularly when violations of those laws cause traffic accidents -to educate motorists in a community about traffic safety and proper driving procedures

Approximately ___ women are victims of domestic violence each year

1 million

What percent of recruits in police academy classes fail to complete the program

10%

Which of the 50 United States does not have a state policing agency?

Hawaii

When an entire patrol section is instructed to make numerous traffic stops and field interrogations, the practice is referred to as ____ patrol.

aggressive

Police work is intrinsically satisfying because it is:

generally outdoors, non routine, and people- oriented

The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are

local

For most people, the only personal experience they have with the criminal justice process is contact with a:

local police officer

Which of the following drug enforcement strategies accounts for the greatest number of drug arrests and seizures?

street level enforcement

Which of the following is an advantage of hiring college educated police officers

-better written reports -enhanced communication with the public -fewer citizen complaints

How many local, state, and federal public law enforcement agencies operate in the US

18,000

Following the backlash to reconstruction and the loss of jobs and black police officers, during which of the following periods were black police officers hired again in most southern cities

1940's and 1950's

In which of the following decades were police departments required to engage in affirmative action efforts in the hiring process

1960's

In which of the following years was the first woman elected to the position of sheriff in the US

1992

According to FBI estimates, approximately what percent of international terrorist incidents that occur annually in the US and abroad are directed at US interests

20-30

What percent of blacks believe that police brutality against blacks happens occasionally or more often in their communities

80%

Researchers discovered that ____ of citizens wait 5-10 minutes to call the police, which prevents police from catching the criminal at the scene.

90%

In 2000, ___ percent of American local police departments required a high school diploma or higher educational achievement

99%

_____ is a technological and management system that aims to make the police better organized and more effective crime fighters.

CompStat

The basic concept of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in:

England

_____ are officers who actively seek ways to make money illegally while on duty.

Meat eaters

Which was the first American city to create a paid and unified municipal police force

New York

______ is a model of state law enforcement services in which the agency and its officers have the same law enforcement powers as local police, anywhere within the state.

State police model

Which of the following US Supreme Court decisions severely restricted the police use of deadly force

Tennessee V. Garner

What is currently the top priority of the FBI

being an intelligence and counterterrorism agency

With community policing:

citizens share responsibility for their community's safety

In ____ patrol, officers are given guidance on how to use their patrol time, which is often based on the results of crime analyses that identify problem areas.

directed

Which of the following is a measure of coercion beyond what is necessary to control participants in a conflict

excessive force

According to the Homeland Security Act of 2020, which of the following agencies or organizations has "primary responsibility for investigating and prosecuting acts of terrorism"?

federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies

Police officers cannot make an arrest for every violation of law- that is, they cannot provide

full enforcement

With DNA profiling, a unique genetic profile can be derived from ____ found at the scene of a crime or on a victim.

hair, semen, blood

In cases involving lesser felonies, misdemeanors, and petty offenses, police officers are more likely to

informally handle the crime

Three I's of Police Selection

interaction skills, integrity, intelligence NOT intuition

Which of the following is defined as the harmful physical and emotional outcomes that occur when the requirements of a job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the employee

job stress

Each year, nearly twice as many people are ____ as are ____.

killed in a car accident, murdered

One of the interesting findings of foot patrol research was that foot patrol officers were better able to deal with:

minor annoyances- rowdy youths, panhandlers, and abandoned cars

The ___ the complainant, the more likely a patrol officer is to use formal procedures to report and investigate a crime

more affluent

What is the average level of education in policing today

nearly 2 years of college

Which of the following is unquestionably the most time-consuming and resource-intensive task of any police agency?

patrol

Racial profiling often occurs during ___ where police justify stopping a car because of minor equipment or moving traffic violations that might otherwise be ignored

pretext stops

Patrols that are "systematically unsystematic" and observant in an attempt to both deter and ferret out crime on their beats are known as random or ____ patrol.

preventive

Early American citizens _______ the formation of the first police departments.

resisted

The idea of _____ remains very popular in the South and the West.

self protection

In the South, the earliest form of policing was the:

slave patrols

Which of the following is the FBI's definition of terrorism?

the systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics, or individuals to attain a political objective