class 11 prep u
The client has a magnesium-based antacid prescribed for administration before meals. The nurse knows to withhold the medication if the client exhibits what? -Hypertension -Heart rate of 68 -Renal dysfunction -Stress ulcer
Renal dysfunction Explanation: Magnesium-based antacids are contraindicated in clients with renal failure. Magnesium-based antacids are not contraindicated with hypertension, regular heart rate, or stress ulcer.
A nurse is teaching a client about diarrhea. Which statement by the client regarding diarrhea would indicate a need for additional teaching? -"Diarrhea is a disease that has no cure." -"More than 3 liquid stools a day is defined as diarrhea." -"Some medications may cause diarrhea." -"Diarrhea may be acute or chronic."
"Diarrhea is a disease that has no cure." Explanation: Diarrhea is an increase in the liquidity of stool or frequency of defecation to more than 3 stools per day. It is a symptom of numerous conditions and not a disease. Diarrhea is a manifestation of basic mechanisms that increase bowel motility, and a variety of toxins and medications can cause the diarrhea. Diarrhea may be acute or chronic and mild or severe.
A nurse is teaching a client about antidiarrheal medications. What statement is included in the teaching? Select all that apply. -"Diarrhea may be acute or chronic." -"Episodes of diarrhea is a defense mechanism of the body." -"Diarrhea is characterized by infrequent, liquid stools." -"If diarrhea continues more 3 days, no additional actions are necessary." -"Young children and elderly are at risk for serious fluid and electrolyte disturbances."
"Diarrhea may be acute or chronic." "Episodes of diarrhea is a defense mechanism of the body." "Young children and elderly are at risk for serious fluid and electrolyte disturbances." Explanation: Diarrhea may be acute or chronic and mild or severe. Most episode of acute diarrhea are defensive mechanism by which the body tries to rid itself of irritants, toxins, and infectious agents. These episodes of frequent liquid stools are usually self-limiting and subside with 24 to 48 hours without serious consequences. If diarrhea continues more than 3 days, the client should be instructed to seek additional actions. Acute diarrhea may lead to serious fluid and electrolyte depletion, especially in young children and older adults.
A female patient has been administered metoclopramide (Reglan) for nausea. Which statements indicates that she has understood the teaching provided by the nurse? -"When I have episodes of nausea, I will drink clear liquids." -"I may experience drowsiness with this medication." -"I should eat before I take this medication." -"I will need to take potassium with this medication."
"I may experience drowsiness with this medication." Explanation: Metoclopramide will produce drowsiness in the patient. The patient should not drink clear liquids with nausea. The patient should not eat with nausea. The patient should not take potassium with metoclopramide.
Which statement by a client leads the nurse to believe that the client understands how to safely and effectively use bulk-forming laxatives? -"I will mix the medication with around a cup of fluid and then drink the mixture." -"I will mix the dry medication with applesauce and then eat prunes before bedtime." -"I will use milk of magnesia in conjunction with a bulk-forming laxative until I have a bowel movement." -"I will decrease the roughage in my diet while I am taking the bulk-forming laxative and eat rice."
"I will mix the medication with around a cup of fluid and then drink the mixture." Explanation: Bulk-forming laxatives increase mass and water content of the stool, promoting evacuation. Mixing the bulk-forming laxative with applesauce will not provide the needed fluid, and the applesauce can have a binding effect. It is not necessary to mix milk of magnesia with a bulk-forming laxative. The client should not decrease roughage in the diet or eat rice, which is binding.
The nurse is about to administer a laxative to a client for the first time. What should be included in client education? -"It is not uncommon to experience some abdominal discomfort and flatulence." -"It is good to take this medication daily as it is non-habit forming." -"It is important to avoid a large intake of fluids when taking this medication." -"If you are allergic to red dye number 5, you may have an allergic reaction to this medication."
"It is not uncommon to experience some abdominal discomfort and flatulence." Explanation: Laxatives may cause diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, perianal irritation, and flatulence, as well as a number of other side effects. Prolonged use of a laxative can result in a "laxative habit," or dependence on a laxative to have a bowel movement. Some laxatives contain tartrazine (a yellow food dye), which may cause allergic-type reactions (including bronchial asthma) in susceptible individuals. Obstruction of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon has occurred when bulk-forming laxatives are administered without adequate fluid intake, or in clients with intestinal stenosis.
The health care provider has determined that an older adult client would benefit from using a bulk-forming laxative. What instruction should the nurse include when providing education related to proper drug use? -"Make sure you take the laxative with a glass of water." -"Be sure to eat vegetables that provide roughage." -"Increase your consumption of healthy fats." -"Make sure each of your meals includes some protein."
"Make sure you take the laxative with a glass of water." Explanation: With psyllium-containing preparations, there have been reports of obstruction in the GI tract when the compound was taken with insufficient fluid. Therefore, it is important to take the drug with at least 8 ounces (240 mL) of water or another liquid. The other advice offers appropriate guidance related to nutrition, but it does not address proper drug use.
Which instruction would be most important to give to a client who is receiving omeprazole? -"Chew the tablet thoroughly before swallowing." -"Open the capsule and sprinkle it on applesauce." -"Swallow the tablet whole with a large glass of water." -"Take an antacid immediately before taking the drug."
"Swallow the tablet whole with a large glass of water." Explanation: The medication should be swallowed whole with a large glass of water. It should not be chewed, crushed, or opened. Antacids, if prescribed, should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after the omeprazole.
A client with constipation is prescribed psyllium. The client asks the nurse how the client should take the medication. What is the nurse's best response? -"Take this medication with 8 ounces of water." -"You should sprinkle the medication on the food." -"Mix the medication with grapefruit juice and water." -"Drink 4 ounces of soda a day. "
"Take this medication with 8 ounces of water." Explanation: The client should be instructed to take the psyllium with at least 8 ounces of water or another liquid. The medication is not sprinkled on food and does not need to be mixed with grapefruit juice and water. The nurse should encourage an overall intake of fluids to improve bowel regularity, but not soda.
A 73-year-old woman is experiencing recurrent constipation. The woman reports to the nurse that she experiences constipation despite the fact that she takes docusate on a daily basis and performs cleansing enemas several times weekly. How should the nurse best respond to this client's statements? -"Because we become more prone to constipation as we age, you'll likely need to increase the number of stool softeners you take." -"I'll refer you to a specialist because it could be that you have a disease affecting your bowels or stomach." -"Taking too many laxatives can make your bowels dependent on them, making you more susceptible to constipation." -"Try using a different over-the-counter laxative and see that if you resolves your problem."
"Taking too many laxatives can make your bowels dependent on them, making you more susceptible to constipation." Explanation: Chronic use of laxatives may lead to dependency on the laxative to expel a bowel movement. This pattern is especially common among older adults. This phenomenon is more likely than a pathological condition. It would be inappropriate to suggest more (or different) laxatives.
A nurse is teaching a client who has just been prescribed lansoprazole . What statement would indicate that the client correctly understands the action of this medication? -"The medication inhibits acid secretions." -"The medication is an antibiotic." -"The medication is an analgesic." -"The medication will repair my ulcer."
"The medication inhibits acid secretions." Explanation: The gastric acid pump or proton pump inhibitors suppress gastric acid secretion by specifically inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H+,K+-ATPase) enzyme system on the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cells. The statement, "The medication inhibits acid secretions," indicates that the client understands that the medication inhibits acid secretion. This medication does not act as an antibiotic or analgesic, nor will it repair the ulcer.
The nurse is preparing for discharge a client who has a prescription for sucralfate. When does the nurse instruct the client to take the medication? -With meals -With an antacid before breakfast -1 hour before or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime -After each meal, no more than 15 minutes after finishing
1 hour before or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime Explanation: Administer drug on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime to ensure therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. Administer antacids, if ordered, between doses of sucralfate and not within 30 minutes of taking the drug.
A client has requested an oral antiemetic to control motion sickness on an upcoming flight. While explaining proper use of the drug, the nurse should recommend that the client take the drug: -at the onset of symptoms. -when symptoms are at their peak. -30 minutes prior to the flight. -upon waking on the morning of the flight.
30 minutes prior to the flight. Explanation: Antiemetic drugs are more effective in preventing nausea and vomiting than in stopping them. Therefore, the drugs should be taken 30-60 minutes before a nausea-producing event when possible.
Which client is at risk for the development of an acute ulcer? select all that apply. -A client on a mechanical ventilator for 5 days -A client with 2nd degree burns over 50% of the body -A client who eats spicy and acidic foods regularly -A client who experienced a stroke -A client who is diagnosed with jaundice
A client on a mechanical ventilator for 5 days A client with 2nd degree burns over 50% of the body A client who experienced a stroke A client who is diagnosed with jaundice Explanation: Acute ulcers, or "stress ulcers," are often seen in situations that involve acute physiological stress, such as trauma, burns, or prolonged illness. All the physical illnesses and related situations are risk factors for the development of a stress ulcer. Dietary habits are not considered such a factor.
A client is being sent home with orders for a laxative PRN. The nurse is conducting client teaching on the use of a laxative. What will the nurse inform the client is one of the most common adverse effects of a laxative? -Abdominal cramping -Dizziness -Headache -Weakness
Abdominal cramping Explanation: Common adverse effects of laxatives are diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and nausea. CNS effects such as dizziness, headache, and weakness can occur. However, these adverse effects usually relate to the loss of fluid and electrolyte imbalance associated with laxative use and are not the most common adverse effects.
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving antacids to relieve GI discomfort. What nursing action is most appropriate? -Administer this drug with other drugs or food to prolong therapeutic effects. -Administer the antacid 1 hour before or 2 hours after other oral medications. -Limit fluid intake to decrease dilution of the medication in the stomach. -Have the client swallow the antacid whole and do not crush or chew the tablet.
Administer the antacid 1 hour before or 2 hours after other oral medications. Explanation: A client taking antacids should be advised to take the antacid 1 hour before or 2 hours after other oral medications. These tablets are often chewed to increase effectiveness. Limiting fluid intake can result in rebound fluid retention so that clients should be encouraged to maintain hydration. It is not necessary to take an antacid with other drugs nor with food.
A college student with migraine headaches that cause nausea and vomiting has been prescribed trimethobenzamide. The nurse should caution the student to avoid using which substance? -St. John's wort -Calcium channel blockers -Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) -Alcohol
Alcohol Explanation: Locally acting antiemetics depress areas of the CNS. If combined with other CNS depressants, such as alcohol, clients could experience increasing CNS depression including dizziness and somnolence. St. John's wort, calcium channel blockers, and SSRIs are not CNS depressants and are not otherwise contraindicated.
A 21-year-old female client has been prescribed metoclopramide for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with migraines. Which substance should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? -Caffeine -Folic acid supplements -Fluids -Alcohol
Alcohol Explanation: Metoclopramide increases absorption of alcohol, which increases its effect.
An older adult has been taking a calcium-based antacid on an increasingly frequent basis. When teaching this client, the nurse should include suggestions for the prevention of which adverse effect? -Constipation -Urinary frequency -Fatty stools -Nausea
Constipation Explanation: With the antacid that contains calcium, it is important to observe for constipation. Combining this antacid with other antacids containing magnesium may prevent this effect. Frequency, fatty stools, and nausea are not noted adverse effects.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with cancer. The nurse should perform which assessment(s) for safe administration of the ondansetron? Select all that apply. -Determine if the client takes any antidepressants or antipsychotic drugs for possible interactions. -Assess if the client has any nausea or vomiting, and if so the number of episodes and amount of vomitus. -Obtain baseline vital signs and renal profile with electrolytes at baseline to compare with later labs. -Check for uncontrolled movements of mouth and tongue, or difficulty with speaking. -Monitor for adverse effects, including diarrhea, hypotension, and decreased respirations.
Determine if the client takes any antidepressants or antipsychotic drugs for possible interactions. Assess if the client has any nausea or vomiting, and if so the number of episodes and amount of vomitus. Obtain baseline vital signs and renal profile with electrolytes at baseline to compare with later labs. Explanation: Ondansetron is a serotonin blocker that blocks the vomiting center. If the client also takes antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), or other psychiatric meds that increase the serotonin level this can lead to serotonin syndrome. The syndrome leads to confusion, hallucinations, overactive reflexes, dilated pupils, muscle spasms, tachycardia, and nausea. It is important to assess if there is a presence of nausea or vomiting. The medication is prescribed to help prevent nausea and vomiting while the client is taking chemotherapy. The client will receive the med before chemo, and after the treatment is completed for the next 24 hours or longer. If vomiting occurs, assess the intake and output and skin turgor for signs of dehydration. Also watch for any symptoms of electrolyte imbalances. Baseline vital signs and renal profile with electrolytes are needed for comparison, if the client develops dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. The nurse does not need to assess the client for symptoms of tardive dyskinesia: uncontrolled movements of mouth, tongue, or difficulty speaking or swallowing. Tardive dyskinesia may be an adverse effect of long-term use of metoclopramide. The nurse does not need to assess for diarrhea, hypotension and decreased respirations, which are side effects of magnesium containing antacids.
A nurse is caring for a client with pseudomembranous colitis. The health care provider has prescribed loperamide HCl to the client. How does the nurse know that the drug has been effective? -Elevation in temperature is noted. -Rectal bleeding is noted. -Diarrhea is resolved. -Nausea and vomiting are resolved.
Diarrhea is resolved. Explanation: Loperamide HCl (Lomotil) is an antidiarrheal medication. The nurse will know that the medication is effective if the diarrhea is resolved in the client. The nurse should monitor the client for an elevation in body temperature, severe abdominal pain, abdominal rigidity, or distention because these are the indicators of intestinal perforation. The nurse should monitor for rectal bleeding when laxatives are administered.
The nurse provides drug teaching to the client who will begin taking polycarbophil. What is the nurse's priority teaching point? -Do not eat or drink anything for 2 hours after taking the medication. -Drink lots of water when taking the drug. -Take at night before bedtime. -The drug can be taken up to 6 times per day
Drink lots of water when taking the drug. Explanation: Clients must take plenty of water with polycarbophil. If only a little water is consumed, the medication may absorb enough fluid in the esophagus to swell the food into a gelatin-like mass that can cause obstruction and other severe problems. The drug should be taken no more than four times a day and should not be taken at night.
A female client comes to the clinic with reports of burning pain in the stomach. She states that she thinks she had a virus 48 hours ago and she vomited many times. She hasn't vomited in 24 hours. She asks the health care provider to give her a prescription for omeprazole because she saw an ad on TV that said it would heal stomach pain. The nurse assists the client in understanding that PPIs are considered drugs of choice for treatment of what conditions? (Select all that apply.) -Duodenal ulcers -Esophageal varices -Zollinger-Ellison syndrome -Gastric ulcers -Anaphylactic shock
Duodenal ulcers Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Gastric ulcers Explanation: PPIs are considered drugs of choice for treatment of heartburn, gastric and duodenal ulcers, GERD, esophagitis, and hypersecretory syndromes such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It is not used in the treatment of anaphylaxis.
Older adults who are unable or unwilling to eat an adequate diet or who are debilitated may benefit from using bulk-forming laxatives. What is an important teaching regarding intake for anyone using bulk-forming laxatives? -Ensure adequate fluid intake -Ensure adequate roughage intake -Ensure adequate fat intake -Ensure adequate protein intake
Ensure adequate fluid intake Explanation: However, because obstruction may occur, bulk-forming laxatives should not be given to patients with difficulty in swallowing or adhesions or strictures in the GI tract, or to those who are unable or unwilling to drink adequate fluids.
What should the nurse identify as indications for the use of antacids? Select all that apply. -Gastric hyperacidity -Gastritis -Peptic esophagitis -Hiatal hernia -Diverticulosis
Gastric hyperacidity Gastritis Peptic esophagitis Hiatal hernia Explanation: Antacids neutralize stomach acid by direct chemical reaction. They are recommended for the symptomatic relief of upset stomach associated with hyperacidity, as well as the hyperacidity associated with peptic ulcer, gastritis, peptic esophagitis, gastric hyperacidity, and hiatal hernia. Diverticulosis is not an indication for the use of an antacid.
Which adverse reaction of proton pump inhibitors is specific to menopausal women with osteoporosis? -Headache -Abdominal pain -Increased fracture risk -Diarrhea
Increased fracture risk Explanation: An increase in fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine have been seen in clients taking high doses of PPIs and undergoing treatment of osteoporosis with bisphosphonates.
A client arrives at the walk-in clinic reporting vomiting and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region. The nurse suspects that the client has peptic ulcer disease. Which is a potential cause of peptic ulcer disease? -Infection with H. pylori -Decreased stomach acid secretion -Excessive worrying -Overconsumption of spicy foods
Infection with H. pylori Explanation: Peptic ulcers can result from cell destruction caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric acid, pepsin, and ingestion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
A client presents to the walk-in clinic reporting vomiting and burning in the mid-epigastria. The nurse suspects peptic ulcer disease and knows that to confirm peptic ulcer disease, the provider is likely to order a diagnostic test to detect the possible presence of what? -Infection with Helicobacter pylori -Decreased stomach acid secretion. -Gastric irritation caused by NSAIDs. -Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Infection with Helicobacter pylori Explanation: Peptic ulcers may result from increased acid production, decrease in the protective mucous lining of the stomach, infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, or a combination of these. Peptic ulcers do not result from decreased acid secretion. While gastric irritation can be caused by NSAIDs, gastric irritation can result from many different causes so this would not be specifically assessed for unless the client was found to use NSAIDs frequently, which is not indicated by the question.
A client is using psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid to promote evacuation of stool. What is the action of this medication? -It reduces the surface tension of bowel contents. -It irritates the intestinal mucosa, thus increasing intestinal motility. -It increases mass and water content of stool, promoting evacuation. -It creates a barrier between the colon wall and feces.
It increases mass and water content of stool, promoting evacuation. Explanation: Bulk-forming laxatives increase mass and water content of the stool, promoting evacuation. Bulk-forming laxatives do not reduce surface tension of bowel contents. Bulk-forming laxatives do not irritate the intestinal mucosa to increase intestinal motility. Bulk-forming laxatives do not create a barrier between the colon wall and feces.
The nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports diarrhea. What should the nurse explore as the most likely cause? -Fluid volume deficit -Antihypertensive agents -Laxative abuse -Anemia
Laxative abuse Explanation: Laxative abuse is associated with diarrhea. This phenomenon is particularly common among older adults. Antihypertensive agents and anemia are not associated with diarrhea. Fluid volume deficit is a result, not cause, of diarrhea
Why might a proton pump inhibit (PPI) be preferable to an a histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)? Select all that apply. -PPIs have fewer adverse reactions. -PPIs facilitate faster healing. -PPIs act for a longer period of time. -PPIs suppress acid more effectively. -PPIs strengthen the cardiac sphincter.
PPIs facilitate faster healing. PPIs act for a longer period of time. PPIs suppress acid more effectively. Explanation: Compared with H2RAs, PPIs suppress gastric acid more strongly and for a longer time. This effect provides faster symptom relief and faster healing in acid-related diseases. The preferences do not include healing properties or adverse reactions.
A client is taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents for arthritis of the knees and hips. Which disease is a result of cellular destruction of the gastrointestinal tract from this medication? -Esophageal cancer -Bowel obstruction -Liver cancer -Peptic ulcer disease
Peptic ulcer disease Explanation: Cell destruction will occur from the ingestion of NSAIDs, which can lead to the development of peptic ulcer disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents do not cause esophageal cancer, bowel obstruction, or liver cancer.
The clinic nurse is caring for a 55-year-old farmer who has been prescribed an antiemetic for an inner ear problem. The client states "I need to get back to work." With this client especially, what will the nurse caution him about? -Weight gain -Suicidal ideation -Diarrhea -Photosensitivity
Photosensitivity Explanation: Photosensitivity is a common adverse reaction with many antiemetics. The nurse should advise the client to use sunscreen and wear protective garments if exposure cannot be avoided, which is unlikely considering the client's occupation. Weight gain, suicidal ideation, and diarrhea have not been identified as adverse effects of antiemetics.
Which agent would a nurse identify as inhibiting the secretion of gastrin? -Histamine-2 receptor antagonist -Proton pump inhibitor -Antacid -Prostaglandin
Prostaglandin Explanation: Prostaglandins inhibit the secretion of gastrin and increase the secretion of the mucous lining of the stomach, providing a buffer. Histamine-2 antagonists block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin; proton pump inhibitors suppress the secretion of hydrochloric acid into the lumen of the stomach, and antacids interact with acids at the chemical level to neutralize them.
Client teaching should include what instruction about antacids? -Take antacid with other medications. -Take antacid 1/2 hour after other medications. -Take antacid 1 hour before other medications. -Take antacid only at bedtime.
Take antacid 1 hour before other medications. Explanation: Administer the drug apart from any other oral medications approximately 1 hour before or 2 hours after to ensure adequate absorption of the other medications.
The nurse questions an order for a proton pump inhibitor when the client is known to take what other medication? -Theophylline -Penicillin -Digoxin -Heparin
Theophylline Explanation: Decreased levels of ketoconazole and theophylline have been reported when combined with these drugs, leading to loss of effectiveness. There are no drug-drug interactions with penicillin, digoxin, or heparin.
A male client has liver disease and is diagnosed with esophageal reflux. He asks the health care provider to prescribe PPIs. The nurse is aware that PPIs given in conjunction with liver disease may result in what issue for this client? -Decreased absorption of the PPIs -Transient elevations in liver function tests -PPI toxicity -Subtherapeutic levels of PPIs in the bloodstream
Transient elevations in liver function tests Explanation: PPIs are metabolized in the liver and may cause transient elevations in liver function tests.
Specific drug therapy for diarrhea depends on the cause and may include which treatment? Select all that apply. -anticholinergics -antibacterial agents -5-HT3 receptor antagonists -bile-binding medications -enzymatic replacement therapy
antibacterial agents 5-HT3 receptor antagonists bile-binding medications enzymatic replacement therapy Explanation: Specific drug therapy for diarrhea depends on the cause of the symptom and may include the use of enzymatic replacement therapy, bile salt-binding drugs, antibacterial agents, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Anticholinergics are associated with constipation not diarrhea.
Client teaching frequently includes explaining the potential adverse effects of prescribed medications. What classifications of medication can cause diarrhea? Select all that apply. -antibacterials -selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) -opioids -magnesium-based antacids -antineoplastic agents
antibacterials selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) magnesium-based antacids antineoplastic agents Explanation: Many oral drugs irritate the gastrointestinal tract and may cause diarrhea, including antacids that contain magnesium, antibacterials, antineoplastic agents, laxatives, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Opioids are associated with constipation.
Misoprostol is a synthetic form of prostaglandin E prescribed to protect the gastric mucosa from erosion and ulceration. The drug is contraindicated in clients who: -have diabetes. -are hypertensive. -have arthritis. -are pregnant.
are pregnant. Explanation: Misoprostol is contraindicated during pregnancy because it may cause abortion, premature birth, or birth defects. It is also contraindicated in women of childbearing potential who are not using effective contraception.
When educating a client prescribed a histamine-2 antagonists, which of the following should be avoided? Select all that apply. -cigarettes -alcohol -caffeine -fibrous foods -acid stimulating foods
cigarettes alcohol caffeine acid stimulating foods Explanation: The instruction should include ways to decrease acid production (such as avoiding cigarettes, acid stimulating foods, alcohol, and caffeine). Fibrous foods are not considered acid stimulating.
The nurse is teaching a client about lansoprazole prescribed for treatment of gastric ulcer. By what mechanism of action does lansoprazole help treat the disease? -inhibiting acid secretion -exerting an antibiotic effect -healing damaged cells -increasing mucus secretion
inhibiting acid secretion Explanation: Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. Drugs in this class (sometimes known as gastric acid pump inhibitors) suppress gastric acid secretion.
The nurse is administering an H-2 receptor antagonist to a client with multiple burn trauma to prevent the development of stress ulcers based on the understanding that the drug: -provides protection of the stomach lining by blocking the release of hydrochloric acid. -decreases the acid being regurgitated into the esophagus. -decreases the overall acid level to promote comfort. -blocks overproduction of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
provides protection of the stomach lining by blocking the release of hydrochloric acid. Explanation: Histamine-2 receptor antagonists are used for stress ulcer prophylaxis because the drugs block the release of acid thereby protecting the stomach lining which is at risk because of decreased mucus production. Decreasing the acid being regurgitated into the esophagus explains the reason for use of the drug to treat erosive gastresophageal reflux. Reducing the overall acid level explains the reason for use of the drug as short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer. Blocking the overproduction of hydrochloric acid is the rationale for treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions.
A client, with recent abdominal pain and a 40-pack per year smoking history, is prescribed a treatment regimen for a diagnosis of duodenal ulcer. What important teaching would the nurse include in relation to treatment? -smoking effects on the healing of ulcers -the connection between smoking and chronic pain -the importance of taking prescribed medication until symptoms subside -general health dangers research has proven to be associated with smoking
smoking effects on the healing of ulcers Explanation: Duodenal ulcers are associated with cigarette smoking. The ulcers of smokers heal more slowly and recur more rapidly than do those of nonsmokers. The treatment is focused on healing, and smoking will impede the achievement of that goal. Acute not chronic pain is the focus of the client's concerns. Medication should be taken until discontinued by the health care provider. While a discussion concerning the health dangers associated with smoking is appropriate, such information is not related to the client's current health issue.
