CNS

Metastatic brain lesions are more common in children than are primary brain tumors. Select one: True False

False

Primary brain lesions are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Select one: True False

False

T2 lesions are the most common stage of primary brain tumors. Select one: True False

False

The entire brain is irradiated when treating a primary brain tumor. Select one: True False

False

Primary brain tumors rarely metastasize. Select one: True False

True

Radiation necrosis of brain tissue occurs with doses higher than 6000 cGy. Select one: True False

True

In which portion of the CNS do most CNS tumors occur in adults? Select one: a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum c. Brain stem d. Thalamus

a. Cerebrum

Which portion of the brain is the site of intelligence and judgment? Select one: a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum c. Brain stem d. Thalamus

a. Cerebrum

What is the most common CNS tumor in children? Select one: a. Medulloblastoma b. Metastatic lesion c. Astrocytoma d. Craniopharyngioma

a. Medulloblastoma

From which cells to medulloblastomas arise? Select one: a. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) b. Primitive neuroectodermal cells c. Astrocytes d. Lymphocytes

a. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)

What is the 5-year survival rate for all CNS tumors combined? Select one: a. 20% b. 35% c. 50% d. 75%

b. 35%

Permanent hair loss from brain irradiation may occur at a dose of: Select one: a. 2000 cGy b. 4000 cGy c. 6000 cGy d. 8000 cGy

b. 4000 cGy

What is the most common source of brain metastases? Select one: a. Colon b. Lung c. Breast d. Melanoma

b. Lung

The most important diagnostic imaging tool of CNS tumors is: Select one: a. CT b. MRI c. Bone scan d. Ultrasound

b. MRI

The preferred treatment for metastatic brain cancer is: a. Surgery b. Radiation therapy c. Chemotherapy d. Watchful waiting

b. Radiation therapy

Which of the following cells is responsible for myelin production? Select one: a. Neurons b. Schwann cells c. Astrocytes d. Ependymal cells

b. Schwann cells

Which of the following is a late effect of brain irradiation in children? Select one: a. leukemia b. decreased IQ c. gigantism d. chronic fatigue

b. decreased IQ

What is the standard dose delivered to the tumor of a patient with a low grade astrocytoma? Select one: a. 3000 to 3500 cGy b. 4000 to 4500 cGy c. 5000 to 5500 cGy d. 6000 to 6500 cGy

c. 5000 to 5500 cGy

Feathering is used for a craniospinal axis tumor to: Select one: a. Eliminates the gap between the brain and spine field b. Increase the gap between the brain and spine field c. Avoid hot and cold spots d. Overlap the fields

c. Avoid hot and cold spots

No universal staging system exists for tumors of the: Select one: a. Brain b. Spinal cord c. Brain and spinal cord

c. Brain and spinal cord

Which tumors spread through the cerebral spinal fluid? Select one: a. astrocytoma b. oligodendroglioma c. Medulloblastoma d. schwannoma

c. Medulloblastoma

What is the most common grade of gliomas? Select one: a. low grade b. intermediate grade c. high grade d. mixed grade

c. high grade

What is the standard dose delivered to the tumor of a patient with high grade astrocytomas? Select one: a. 3000 to 3500 cGy b. 4000 to 4500 cGy c. 5000 to 5500 cGy d. 6000 to 6500 cGy

d. 6000 to 6500 cGy

The most common side effect of brain irradiation is: Select one: a. Erythemia b. Nausea c. Personality changes d. Fatigue

d. Fatigue

Which of the following is most significant to the prognosis of brain tumors? Select one: a. Tumor size b. Lymph node involvement c. Metastases d. Grade

d. Grade

All of the following are true regarding Gamma knife, except: Select one: a. Type of radiosurgery with a sharply defined field, possibly equivalent to resecting the irradiated field b. Heavy charged particles c. Uses multiple cobalt 60 sources d. Linear accelerator based system e. All are true without exception

d. Linear accelerator based system

What is the most common type of brain tumor? Select one: a. GBM b. Astrocytoma c. Meninegioma d. Metastatic brain lesions

d. Metastatic brain lesions

What grade are GBMs? Select one: a. I b. II c. III d. The highest grade

d. The highest grade

Which of the following factors can limit the usefulness of surgery for CNS neoplasms? Select one: a. tumor location and extent b. patient status c. risk of causing neurologic damage d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What defines the inferior radiation field border for the treatment of the whole brain for palliation? Select one: a. 1-cm flash b. superior orbital ridge c. external auditory meatus d. b and c

d. b and c

Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)? Select one: a. spherical tumor b. 2-cm tumor c. brain metastases d. five lesions

d. five lesions

All of the following are true regarding the use of chemotherapy in the treatment of brain tumors, except: Select one: a. Limited number of effective drugs b. Adjuvant therapy has not changed the time to progression c. Small number of patients with CNS tumors for clinical trials d. Blood Brain Barrier impedes penetration of drug into brain e. All are true

e. All are true