Cog Psych Test 1

Cognitive Revolution

1960's, 2 ideas 1. cannot study the mental world directly 2.must study the mental world if we're going to understand behavior.

Imagine you are a web designer working on an interactive website. You need a symbol to indicate to users that they will start a timed task. Based on the ideas presented in this ZAPS lab, which of the following symbols would be most effective for this purpose?

Circle green go

The process we call perception involves our eyes sensing objects in the world and our brain interpreting the information that our eyes sense. Keeping this definition in mind, which of the following is a true statement about the Ponzo illusion? (ZAPS)

The brain leads us to perceive something that is not actually true.

A real-life visual illusion is the "moon illusion." When the moon is close to the horizon, the full moon seems larger than it does when high in the sky. Rationally we know that the moon does not change size according to its position in the sky. Based on what you have learned about optical illusions, why do you think the moon illusion occurs? (ZAPS)

When the moon is near the horizon, objects on Earth, which are near the moon on your retina, lead to a misperception of depth and size - the brain discerns the low moon as closer and thus bigger than the moon high in the sky.

A psychological scientist asks study participants to indicate whether the green line at the front corner of the wall pictured here is longer than, shorter than, or equal in length to the green line at the back corner of the wall. Participants regularly say that the front line is shorter than the back line (even though the two are perfectly equal in length). The participants' brains are using ___________ to guide perception. (ZAPS)

context cues about depth

Gestaltism

emphasizes that we as humans have basic tendencies to actively organize what we see

Behaviorism

how behavior changes in response to carious stimuli. (was disproven) psychology must focus on objective, observable reactions to stimuli in the environment rather than introspection

Functionalism

A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish, assumes all mental and behavioral processes have a purpose.

How did behaviorism fall?

The way people act and how they feel are guided by how they understand and interpret the situation and not the objective situation itself.

Structuralism

an approach to psychology that explained perception as the adding up of small elementary units called sensations.

Based on the ideas presented in this ZAPS lab, under which of the following conditions do you think participants would be able to most quickly name the color in which the stimuli are written or drawn?

colored blobs