Cognitive Psych Final

The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called: A) behaviorism B) introspection C) memory consolidation D) cognitive psych

D) cognitive psych

36. The principle that we encode information together with its context is known as? a. Memory consolidation b. Repetition priming c. Encoding a specificity d. A self-reference effect

c. Encoding a specificity

The sequence of steps that includes the image on the retina, changing the image into electrical signals and neural processing is an example of _______ processing. a. Serial b. Sequential c. Top down d. Bottom up

d. Bottom up

30. Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory? a. I remember my earth science teacher telling me how volcanos erupt b. I remember seeing a volcano erupt in Hawaii c. I remember volcano was the first word on the list read to me d. I remember the big Island on Hawaii has many volcanos

d. I remember the big Island on Hawaii has many volcanos

The primary effect of chunking is to: a. Maximize the recently effect b. Increase memory for items by grouping them together based on sound c. Develop a visual code to supplement a phonological code for info d. Increase the efficiency of short-term memory

d. Increase the efficiency of short-term memory

19. Suppose you're in your kitchen writing a grocery list while your roommate is watching TV in the next room. A commercial for spaghetti sauce comes on TV although you're not paying attention to the TV you suddenly remember the you need to pick up spaghetti sauce and add it to the list. Your behaviour is best predicted by which of the following models of attention? a. Early selection b. Spotlight c. Object based d. Late selection

d. Late selection

43. Your friend has been sick for several days, so you go over to her home to make her some chicken soup, searching for a spoon you first reach in a top drawer besides a dishwasher then you turn to a big cupboard beside the stove to search for a pan. In your search you have relied on a kitchen? a. Script b. Source memory c. Scan technique d. Schema

d. Schema

17. The cocktail party effect is: a. The equal division of attention between competing stimuli b. The diminished awareness of information in a crowd c. The ability to pay attention to one stimulus in the presence of competing stimuli d. The ability to pay attention to one stimulus while filtering out other stimuli

d. The ability to pay attention to one stimulus while filtering out other stimuli

According to Eminghouse theory savings is a function of? a) Reaction time b) Word familiarity c)Sensory modality d) Elapsed time

d) Elapsed time

Which of the following is consistent with the idea of localization of function? a. Specific areas of the brain serve different functions b. Neurons in different areas of the brain respond best to different stimuli c. Different areas of the brain... d. All of the above

d. All of the above

28. Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short term and long-term memory probably: a. Represent different aspects of the same mechanism b. Are caused by different mechanism that depend upon each other c. Both rely most heavily on a semantic coding mechanism d. Are caused by different mechanisms that act independently

Are caused by different mechanisms that act independently

The scene of a human sitting at a computer terminal responding to stimuli flashed on the screen would most likely be described as depicting a(n) _________ experiment: a. Behaviourist b. Information processing c. Conditioning d. Analytic introspection

Information processing

41. The idea the we remember life events better because we encounter the information over and over in what we read, see on TV and talk about with others is called the: a. Life narrative hypothesis b. Narrative rehearsal hypothesis c. Reminiscent hypothesis d. Cognitive hypothesis

Narrative rehearsal hypothesis

Which Statement below is most closely associated with levels of processing theory?

The deep processing involves paying closer attention to a stimulus than shallow processing and results in better processing

37. Memory performance is enhanced if the type of task encoding enhances the type of task at retrieval. This I called? a. Transfer appropriate processing Personal semantic memory b. Elaborated rehearsal c. Episodic based processing d. Personal semantic memory

Transfer appropriate processing

The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be? a)inferred from the participants behaviour b) Measured directly c) Measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participants response d)Measured by comparing responses among different participants

a)inferred from the participants behaviour

Your author points out that studying the mind requires both ______ and ________ experiments: a. Behavioural and physiological b. Brain and body c. Observational and correlational d. Numeric and cerographic

a. Behavioural and physiological

42. In the war of the ghost's experiment participants reproductions contained inaccuracies based on? a. Cultural expectations b. Narrative rehearsal c. Source d. Shallow processing

a. Cultural expectations

You look at a rope coiled on the beach and are able to perceive it as a single strand because of the law of: a. Good continuation b. Good figure c. Familiarity d. Simplicity

a. Good continuation

26. The primacy effect is associated with ______ memory. a. Long term b. Short term c. Sensory d. Implicit

a. Long term

35. Brontsford and Johnston's had participants hear a passage which turned out to be about man on the street singing to his girlfriend in a tall building. The wording of the passage made it difficult to understand but looking at the picture made it easier. The results of the study enforced the importance of ______ informing reliable long-term memory

a. Organizational context during learning

If the intensity of a stimulus that is presented to a touch receptor is increased this tends to increase the ______ in the receptors axon a. Rate of nerve firing b. Speed of conduction c. Size d. All of the above

a. Rate of nerve firing

21. The three structural components of the Modal model of memory are?

a. Sensory, short term, long term

18. According to Trisman's attenuation model which of the following would you expect to have the highest threshold for most people? a. The word platypus b. The word money c.Their child's first name d. The word home

a. The word platypus

Imagine you're driving to a friend's new house in your mind you say the address repeatedly until you arrive. Once you arrive you stop thinking about the address and start to think about buying a house warming gift for your friend. To remember the address, you used a(n) ________ process in short term memory a. Coding b. Control c. Automatic

b. Control

Dichotic listening occurs when? a. A message is presented to one ear and a masking noise is presented to the other ear b. Different messages are presented to the left and right ears c. Participants are asked to listen to a message and look at a visual stimulus both at the same time d.The same message is presented to the left and right ear

b. Different messages are presented to the left and right ears

20. The distribution of attention among two or more tasks is known as: a. Selective attention b. Divided attention c. Divergent tasking d. Dull attention

b. Divided attention

38. Some suggest that students should study in a variety of places. This suggestion is based on research showing that people remember material better if they learned it in a number of different locations compared to study the same amount of time in one location. This suggestion solves a problem raised by? a. Levels of processing b. Encoding specificity principle c. Spacing effect

b. Encoding specificity principle

Some perceptions result from assumptions we make about the environment that we are not even aware of, this theory of unconscious inference was developed by: a. Gibson b. Helmholtz c. Gestalt psychologist

b. Helmholtz

39. Hebb's idea of long-term potentiation which provides a physiological mechanism for the long-term storage of memories includes the idea of? a. An increase in the size of cell body neurons b. Increased firing in neurons c. Larger electrical impulses in the synapse d. The growth of new dendrites in neurons

b. Increased firing in neurons

11. The task of determining the object responsible for a particular image on one's retina is called the: a. Radiated wavelength paradox b. Inverse projection problem c. Serial location task d. Fusiform face row

b. Inverse projection problem

29. Which of the following is not an example of an implicit memory? a. Classical conditioning b. Semantic memory c. Repetition timing d. Precaudal memory

b. Semantic memory

he misinformation effect occurs when a person's memory for an event is modified by misleading information presented a. Before the event b. During the event c. After the event d. All of the above

c. After the event

Which of the following is not an example of a physical regularity in you text? a.The oblique effect b. The light from above assumption c. Angled orientation d. Having one object that is partially covered by another come out of the other side

c. Angled orientation

The key structural components of neurons are: a. Cell body, cell membrane and transmitter b. Axons, dendrites and glands c. Cell body, dendrites, axon

c. Cell body, dendrites, axon

Brief sensory memory for sound is known as: a. Iconic memory b. Primary memory c. Echoic memory d. Preconceptual auditory memory

c. Echoic memory

32. The levels of ___ memory your ability depends on the depth at which information is? a. Retrieved b. Stored c. Encoded d. Consolidated

c. Encoded

34. According to your text imagery enhances memory because? a. Research shows people like pictures better than words so there is an enhanced emotional response b. The brain processes images more easily than the meaning of words c. Imagery can be used to create connections between items to be remembered d. Pictures fit better with our basic instincts before words

c. Imagery can be used to create connections between items to be remembered

You are walking down the street and see a really nice car drive by, you notice many features; its color, movement, shape, location and so on. All of these features are processed: a. In one localized area of the brain b. By the grandmother cells in the brain c. In different parts of the brain d. Through fMRI potentials

c. In different parts of the brain

40. Flash bulb memory is best represented by which of the following statements? a. It is vivid memory for emotional events b. It is vivid highly accurate memory for the circumstances around emotional event c. It is memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time d. It is vivid highly accurate memory for emotional events

c. It is memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time

27. Suppose you have been studying your French vocabulary for several hours and are making many mistakes. You switch to reviewing the new terms for your upcoming biology test and your performance is noticeably better. You are experiencing: a. The self-reference effect b. Retroactive inhibition c. Release from proactive interference d. Disinhibition

c. Release from proactive interference

In Donder's experiment on decision making when participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a light they were engaged in a: a. Reaction time task b. Choice reaction time task c. Simple reaction time task d. Presentation task

c. Simple reaction time task

45. Research on eye witnessed testimony reveals that: a. Highly confident eye witnesses are usually accurate b. It is unnecessary to warn an eye witness that a suspect may or may not be in a line up c. When viewing a line up an eyewitnesses confidence in their choice of a suspect can be increased by an authorities confirmation of her choice even when the choice is wrong d. Despite public misconception eye witnesses are usually very accurate

c. When viewing a line up an eyewitnesses confidence in their choice of a suspect can be increased by an authorities confirmation of her choice even when the choice is wrong