Colonial America Review
People who wanted to outlaw slavery in the colonies were called
abolitionists
George Alsop
craftworker that signed a four year contract to be an indentured servant in Maryland
People who came to America as indentured servants
did not have to pay for their passage to America, and agreed to work without pay for a certain length of time
It took a great deal of work to grow the tobacco crop on which the Virginia Colony depended. To meet this need for labor, white landowners forced ______ to work in the tobacco fields.
enslaved Africans
What kept John White from returning to Roanoke for nearly three years?
fighting between England and Spain
Quakers
founded the colony of Pennsylvania
The concept of personal faith brought about by the Great Awakening inspired new ideas about
freedom
Peter Stuyvesant
governor of New Netherland who surrendered the colony to English forces without a fight in 1664
The heart of the colonial home was the _________________, the area near the fireplace where family and friends gathered to cook, eat, and socialize.
hearth
William Bradford
passenger on the Mayflower and one of the original members of Plymouth county
Although they disagreed on some issues, the colonists agreed that their government must
respect civil rights
For the colonists of New Netherland, the transition to being a proprietary colony meant that
the entire colony was owned and its government was controlled by the Duke of York.
proprietor
the sole ruler and owner of a colony
American colonists took the first steps toward creating their own governments when they began discussing local issues at
town meetings
The word "Carolina" is Latin for
Charles's land
The founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams, was known for his ____________.
Deep commitment to religious toleration
A Massachusetts minister named Thomas Hooker founded the Connecticut colony because he ____________.
Did not like the way the Massachusetts colony was being run
Indigo, a blue flowering plant, was an important crop in the Carolinas. It was developed by ___________________.
Eliza Lucas
The movement to inspire religious freedom was known as the Enlightenment. True of False-
False
True or false: William Penn gave the colony of Delaware to Sweden for settlement.
False
The first written constitution in America was the
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
In the 1730s and 1740s, a religious revival calling for a a return to the strong faith of earlier days swept through the colony. It was called the
Great Awakening
Many hardworking settlers were lured to Virginia because they would be given a ________________, or land grant, if they paid their own way to the colony.
Headright
What was the first legislature elected by the colonists in North America?
House of Burgesses
Describe the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut.
It was the first written constitution in America, and it reflected a belief in democratic principles.
Frustrated with the colonists' complaints and the slow growth of the colony, Georgia's proprietor,__________ , gave up and turned the colony over to the king in 1751.
James Olgethorpe
The Virginia Company was a _______________ company made up of investors who bought stock in return for a share of future profits.
Joint-stock
Which of the following was named after an island in the English Channel?
New Jersey
William Penn designed the city of ______________, a name that means "city of brotherly love."
Philadelphia
The Pilgrims founded
Plymouth
Captain John Smith built ties with a local confederacy of Native American peoples known as the ___________ , although relations between the settlers and the Native Americans remained tense.
Powhattan
In 1584, England's Queen Elizabeth gave which leader the right to claim land in North America?
Sir Walter Raleigh
The Pilgrims survived in Plymouth due to the help of
Squanto and Samoset
After the Virginia Company lost its charter and Virginia was made a royal colony, the government of Virginia came under the control of ________________.
The English government
What became of England's first settlement at Roanoke?
The colonists returned to England after enduring a difficult winter.
The defeat of Metacomet's army in King Philip's War resulted in _______________.
The expansion of European settlement and the decline of Native American power in New England.
The first English child born in the American colonies was
Virginia Dare
Separists
Wanted to leave the Anglican Church and start their own church
patroon
a landowner in New Netherland
In what way did the creation of the Virginia House of Burgesses play an important role in the development of democracy in colonial America?
It established a representative form of government.
Which statement is true of the Great Awakening?
It united colonists in all three regions.
Describe the colony of Carolina.
It was run by eight nobles who set up estates and sold or rented land to settlers, its constitution was written by John Locke, and it was named for King Charles II; its name means "Charles's land."
Which colony was founded as a place for Catholics to practice their religion freely?
Maryland
What inspired religious freedom and led to the creation of more types of churches?
The Great Awakening
Why did the Pilgrims decide to establish their own government under the Mayflower Compact?
They landed outside the territory of the Virginia Company and its laws.
How did the colonists at Jamestown find a way to make money for the investors of the Virginia Company?
They learned how to grow tobacco.
What is known about the living conditions of the earliest English settlers?
They lived in homes that had large fireplaces.
In what ways did Squanto and Samoset helped the Pilgrims?
They taught the Pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and pumpkins, where to hunt and fish, and helped the Pilgrims make piece with the Wampanoag people who lived in the area.
Why were Separatists persecuted in England?
They wanted to leave the Anglican Church and set up their own church
Which statements correctly describe the Pilgrims and their journey to America?
They were seeking religious freedom, and they traveled on a ship called the Mayflower.
Southern colonists built plantations next to rivers so they could easily ship their crops by boat. True or False-
True
Bacon's Rebellion was a revolt against the government of the ____________ colony.
Virginia
Puritans
Wanted to reform the Anglican Church
Describe economic activities in the New England Colonies.
Waterpower from the region's many rivers powered mills for grinding grain or sawing lumber, whaling and was an important industry in the region, and the region's forests supplied lumber for the shipbuilding industry.
Duke of York
brother of England's King Charles and proprietor of the newly acquired colony of New Netherland
Which of these Carolina crops was developed in the 1740s by Eliza Lucas?
indigo
Maryland was originally founded with the intention of creating a
safe place for Catholic settlers to live.
The Jamestown colonists called the winter of 1609-1610
the starving time
Why was the Mason-Dixon Line drawn?
to resolve the boundary dispute between Pennsylvania and Maryland
The Middle Passage was the middle leg of the three-part route known as the
triangular trade
True or false: During the Great Awakening, the strength of traditional churches declined.
true
Events of the colonization of Roanoke in order-
1. Sir Walter Raleigh chooses to colonize Roanoke Island. 2. Following a severe winter, the Roanoke settlers return to England. 3. With John White as its leader, Raleigh sends a group of colonists to settle Roanoke Island. 4. Due to fighting between England and Spain, John White is delayed from traveling to Roanoke. 5. The Roanoke colony is found to be deserted.
How were colonial children educated?
Adults taught children important skills such as hunting and preserving food, and some attended one-room schoolhouses.
Describe agriculture in the Southern Colonies.
Backcountry farmers outnumbered large plantation owners, owners of large plantations grew cash crops such as tobacco and rice.
In what way was the colony of New Jersey like the colony of New York?
Both colonies attracted very diverse populations.
What was the impact of early participation in town meetings by American colonists?
Colonists developed a belief in their right to govern themselves.
William Penn allowed some of Pennsylvania's southern counties to function as a separate colony called
Delaware
Describe the settlement of Pennsylvania.
English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, and German settlers were among those who came to Pennsylvania, William Penn's advertisements in Europe helped bring settlers to Pennsylvania, and the population of Pennsylvania grew quickly.
Which statements correctly describe colonial families?
Family members depended on one another for survival, there were many children in a family, some families in towns ran home-based businesses, and women and girls did the cooking, cleaning, laundry, and childcare.
Describe the Carolina colonies
Farmers from Virginia helped settle northern Carolina, demand for enslaved workers in the Carolinas rose because growing rice required so much labor, and Northern Carolina lacked a good harbor, so farmers used Virginia's ports.
Which of these statements correctly describe economic activities in the Middle Colonies?
Farmers grew cash crops to sell in the colonies and overseas, home-based crafts such as carpentry thrived, and port cities such as New York City and Philadelphia shipped crops and livestock to distant markets.
Founded in 1733, ____________ was the last English colony established in North America.
Georgia
Which of these colonies was established as a place for debtors to make a fresh start?
Georgia
During the 1630s, more than 15,000 Puritans moved to Massachusetts to escape the poor economy and religious persecution in England. This movement became known as the __________________________.
Great Migration
Which statements correctly describe the accomplishments of William Penn in the colony of Pennsylvania?
He wrote Pennsylvania's first constitution, he negotiated treaties with local Native Americans, and he asked settlers to pay Native Americans for land.
_____________ servants were settlers who paid for their passage to America by working without pay for a period of time.
Indentured
What happened when the Carolina colony was no longer ruled by a proprietor?
It split into two royal colonies.
What were the effects of the Great Awakening?
It united the colonists in all three regions, it helped a new national identity emerge in the colonies, and it inspired new ideas about freedom.
Describe the settlement of New Netherland.
It was controlled by the Dutch West India Company, it was located between the New England Colonies in the north and Virginia and Maryland in the south, and grants of land were given to people who could bring 50 settlers to work the land.
The English philosopher ______________ wrote a constitution for the Carolina colony, outlining the jobs and powers of the colony's government.
John Locke
Virginia became a royal colony because the ____________________.
King withdrew the colony's charter, and Virginia Company was having financial troubles
In 1215 King John signed the __________________, which gave English people protection against unjust treatment or punishment.
Magna Carta
In 1675 a Wampanoag leader named ______________ waged war against the New England colonies. The war became known as _______________War.
Metacomet, King Phillip's
Which statements about the lives of enslaved Africans are true?
Most enslaved Africans performed hard labor in the fields, enslaved Africans maintained elements of their native cultures, and slave codes made it illegal for enslaved people to learn to read and write.
What were the results of Bacon's Rebellion?
Nathaniel Bacon's army burned Jamestown to the ground, and Virginia's governor, William Berkeley, was forced to return to England.
The main settlement of New Netherland was _____________, located on Manhattan Island.
New Amsterdam
One of the fastest-growing places in the colonies was the city of New Amsterdam, which had been renamed ____________________.
New York City
Which of these was originally called New Amsterdam?
New York City
describe the population of New York
New York had a fast-growing population, the first Jews to settle in North America settled in New York, and it had a diverse population.
A group of Separatists decided to move to America to find religious freedom. They became known as _______________. They traveled to America in a ship called the __________________.
Pilgrims, Mayflower
Relations with the Powhatan improved after the chief's daughter,__________ , married a colonist named John Rolfe.
Pocahantas
Which statements correctly describe the Middle Passage?
Prisoners could hardly sit or stand, and they were chained together during the journey, which lasted more than a month.
The Massachusetts Bay Colony was settled by _____________.
Puritans
A group of ________ led by ____________ established the Massachusetts Bay colony in 1630.
Puritans, John Winthrop
Which Protestant group founded the colony of Pennsylvania after being persecuted in England?
Quakers
William Penn saw Pennsylvania as a "holy experiment" where he could put his Quaker beliefs into practice. Which statements correctly describe these Quaker beliefs?
Quakers believed that everyone was equal, and they were pacifists, or people who refused to use force or fight in wars.
The first colony in America in which people of all faiths could worship freely was ______________.
Rhode Island
Where in America was religious tolerance first practiced?
Rhode Island
After sending scouts to North America to find a good place for a colony, Sir Walter Raleigh decided to start a colony on ______________, in an area he called Virginia.
Roanoke Island
Describe the relationship between New England settlers and the Native Americans who lived there.
Settlers traded their goods to Native Americans in exchange for furs, and settlers usually moved onto Native American lands without permission and without offering payment.
John White not return to Roanoke because of England's great naval battle against Spain and the _________________.
Spanish Armada
Why did some people leave Massachusetts Bay to form their own colonies?
The Puritans had little tolerance for different religious beliefs, and the Puritans persecuted people who did not agree with their views.
Bacon's Rebellion in chronological order.
The Virginia governor agrees to keep settlers from pushing onto Native American lands. Settlers move onto Native American lands forbidden to settlement. Nathaniel Bacon led attacks on Native American Villages. Jamestown is burned to the ground. Bacon's rebellion ends. Virginia's governor returns to England.
What contributed to the successful growth of the Virginia colony?
The colonists were given a chance to own land, an English colonist married the Native American chief's daughter, and the Virginia Company sent more women to Jamestown.
Why did James Oglethorpe give up on the Georgia colony and turn it over to the king?
The colony was growing too slowly, settlers wanted to end the ban on slavery in the colony, and settlers complained about Oglethorpe's rules, such as the limits on landholding.
What were the goals set by the Virginia Company of London for its Jamestown settlers?
To establish trade in furs and fish, and to find gold
What was the purpose of Maryland's Act of Toleration?
To help protect the Catholic minority
He designed the "City of Brotherly Love."
William Penn
With fertile soil and a mild climate, farmers in the Middle Colonies produced large harvests of wheat and other _____________ that could be sold for profit to buyers in the colonies and overseas.
cash crops
The colony of Georgia was established in part to give poor people and ______, or people who owed money, a place to make a fresh start.
debtors
New Jersey was named after the island of Jersey, where the proprietor Sir George Carteret was born. Where is this island?
in the English Channel
As Maryland became established, local aristocrats needed plantation workers, so they imported _________ as well as enslaved Africans.
indentured servants
George Percy
one of the original settlers of Jamestown and served as president of the council for the colony during the "starving time"
The Mayflower Compact was a
pledge to obey the laws of the colony
In a joint-stock company, investors buy shares, or part ownership, in the company in the hope of sharing future
profits
In order to attract settlers to the newly established colony of New Jersey, the colony's proprietors
promised freedom of religion, a representative assembly, the right to a trial by jury, and offered large tracts of land to settlers
Which two ideas from English government influenced the development of the United States and the U.S. Constitution?
protecting rights, representative legislatures
During Jamestown's early years, the colonists ________________
received food from the Powhatan, were forced to work under John Smith, and struggled with disease and hunger.
The geography of South Carolina and Georgia was especially good for growing _______________. The crop was so profitable that by the 1750s South Carolina and Georgia had the fastest-growing economies in the colonies.
rice
The two crops that came to dominate Carolina agriculture were ___________and __________ .
rice, indigo
In 1624 King James took control of the Virginia Colony from the Virginia Company, making the area a
royal colony
The Pilgrims who came to America on the Mayflower were
separatists
The British hoped that the colony of Georgia would
serve as a buffer between their other colonies and attacks by the Spanish.
Many colonies had rules governing the behavior and punishment of enslaved Africans. These rules were called _________.
slave codes
The rules that governed the punishment of enslaved Africans were known as
slave codes
pacifist
someone who refuses to fight wars
Because of New England's long winters and rocky soil, most farmers in the region practiced a kind of agriculture known as __________________.
subsistence farming
Which 1701 document granted Pennsylvania colonists the right to elect legislative representatives?
the Charter of Privileges
Jamestown began to thrive once the colonists started growing ___________, a product grown using seeds from the West Indies
tobacco
White landowners forced enslaved workers to work in the fields planting, tending, and harvesting _______________, the crop on which the Virginia Colony depended.
tobacco
The outcome of King Philip's War enabled colonists to move into Native American territories. -True or False
true
