Comm Final Study Guide (#3)

Jack wants to limit his and Sandy's spending and Sandy wants to try a new restaurant. Which of the following would be an example of the competitive conflict style? - "I think we should forget your budget and go out to eat for once" - "It's been so long since I've been in a restaurant but I agree let's eat in" - "That new restaurant looks good-I think you'd like their menu" - "What would you like for dinner?" - None of the above

- "I think we should forget your budget and go out to eat for once"

According to estimates, the Japanese have only one lawyer for every ___________ people, whereas in the United States, there is one lawyer for every ____________ people. - 2500 - 3000 - 3500 - 4000

- 4000

Jeff tells his girlfriend he wants to see a new action movie but accepts her choice of a romantic comedy. This is an example of _________________. - Collaboration - Accommodation - Avoidance - Competition

- Accommodation

The following are all types of friendships EXCEPT: - Short-term vs long-term - Achievement vs nurturing - Low disclosure vs high disclosure - Low obligation vs high obligation - Task-oriented vs maintenance-oriented

- Achievement vs nurturing

When an instructor listens carefully to your question in class, he or she is using which level of confirming message? - Acknowledgment - Recognition - Endorsement - Neutrality

- Acknowledgement

Which of the following statements is true about appearance? - Online profile owners are rated as less attractive when they have pictures of physically attractive friends on their sites - Face images are rated as more attractive when in the middle of those rated as unattractive or average - After initial impressions have passed, ordinary-looking people with pleasing personalities are likely to be judged as attractive - Physical factors become more important as a relationship progresses

- After initial impressions have passed, ordinary-looking people with pleasing personalities are likely to be judged as attractive

Janice and Stephanie have been close friends for some time. When Stephanie recently loss her job, she couldn't afford her rent anymore and was on the verge of homelessness. Janice invited her to stay in her guest room for as long as needed. While there, Stephanie does a little of the cooking. According to equity theory, which of the following statements about this relationship scenario is true? - Stephanie is currently over-benefited in their relationship - Stephanie is investing less in their relationship than Janice right now - This relationship will survive a period of brief inequity as long as long-term equity is maintained - All the statements are true

- All the statements are true

________________ provides the best chance of repairing a seriously damaged relationship. - Reappraisal - An explanation - An apology - Metacommunication

- An apology

When Karen tries to talk about going to visit her family for the holidays, John changes the subject. This is an example of which conflict style? - Compromise - Competition - Collaboration - Avoidance - Accommodation

- Avoidance

____________________ generally reflects a pessimistic attitude toward conflict. - Accommodation - Avoidance - Competition - Compromise

- Avoidance

Longtime friends Grace and Kishia communicated infrequently once Grace got married and even less when she had children. Once Kishia became a mother, however, she found herself talking to Grace almost daily again. This is an example of how communication within a friendship __________________. - Works best when friends have everything in common - Changes over time - Should occur on a regular basis - Always changes when one partner experiences a major life change

- Changes over time

Friendships are created, managed, and maintained through ___________________. - Perception - Intuition - Communication - Similarities

- Communication

___________________ refers to the social tone of a relationship. - Invitational communication - Acknowledgment - Communication climate - Provisionalism

- Communication climate

The old saying, "Opposites attract," suggests which reason for forming relationships? - Complementarity - Disclosure - Reciprocity - Proximity

- Complementarity

___________________ may be familiar and comfortable, but they aren't the best way to solve the variety of problems that come up in any relationship. - Complementary conflicts - Symmetrical conflicts - Compromises - Conflict rituals

- Conflict rituals

Which internal struggle, a dialectic within a relationship, embodies the conflicting desires for integration and separation? - Connection-autonomy - Inclusion-seclusion - Predictability-novelty - Expression-privacy

- Connection-autonomy

Lauren and Morgan have been dating for a while and feel that they have intimacy, passion, and commitment in their relationship. According to Sternberg's triangular theory, which type of love best describes what they are experiencing? - Infatuation - Romantic love - Consummate love - Companionate love

- Consummate love

A comment that belittles and demeans is known as: - Criticism - Defensiveness - Contempt - Stonewalling - Conflict

- Contempt

___________________ questions are a form of stragetic communication because they try to trap others into desired responses. - Indirect - Direct - Counterfeit - Rhetorical

- Counterfeit

Dagmar doesn't want to be alone, but she is confident that she can find a better partner than Ethan, who has cheated on her more than once, transgressions she cannot forgive. Given this scenario, what conclusion can we draw? - Dagmar's comparison levels of alternatives (CLalt) is higher than her present situation - Dagmar's comparison level of alternatives (CLalt) is lower than her present situation - Ethan's behavior meets or exceeds Dagmar's comparison level (CL) - Dagmar's relationship expectations are unrealistic

- Dagmar's comparison level of alternatives (CLalt) is higher than her present situation

Juan and Louise are in a heterosexual, cross-sex friendship. Louise wants the friendship to turn romantic but fears that Juan is not attracted to her in a sexual way. This describes which category of friendship? - Mutual romance - Strictly platonic - Desires romance - Rejects romance

- Desires romance

Swearing, teasing, ridicule, nonverbal emblems, and threats are all types of __________________. - Collaboration - Direct aggression - Passive aggression - Avoidance

- Direct aggression

_________________ messages lie between confirming and disconfirming messages. - Disagreeing - Endorsement - Impersonal - Irrelevant

- Disagreeing

Which confirming message communicates the highest form of value? - Acknowledgement - Recognition - Endorsement - Certainty

- Endorsement

___________________ is put to the test when a person doesn't have superior skills yet is in a position of authority. - Neutrality - Certainty - Equality - Spontaneity

- Equality

The theory that explains relationship development using an economic model is: - Exchange - Penetration - Relational dialectic - All of the above - None of the above

- Exchange

Ann was hurt when she learned from a coworker that Emily, someone Ann considered a close friend, had got engaged. By not sharing her news with Ann, Emily committed a(n) __________________. - Boundaries transgression - Expectancy violation - Relational noncommitment - Disclosure deferment

- Expectancy violation

Sam and Chris are engaging in small talk, and looking for things they might have in common, a quest for similarities facilitated by social media. They are at which stage of a relationship? - Intensifying - Integrating - Initiating - Experimenting

- Experimenting

You are not doing well in your Communication class and ask to study with a classmate. They can only study when you already have plans, but you cancel the plans. This is because they have which form of power. - Reference - Legitimate - Reward - Coercive - Expert

- Expert

A storge type of love focus on similar values. - True - False

- False

When considering the division of labor, there is no longer a statistical difference in the amount of work men and women do to run their household. - True - False

- False

Which of the following is not a characteristic of how families are like systems? - Family members are interdependent - A family is more than the sum of its parts - Families have systems within the larger system - Families do not create rituals - Families interact with one another to form a whole

- Families do not create rituals

Families who are most successful at negotiating the difficulties of adolescence tend to be ________________. - Disciplined - Intimate - Blended - Flexible

- Flexible

Bailey would do anything for her friend Katy for whom she feels a sense of ____________________. - High disclosure - Low disclosure - High obligation - Low obligation

- High obligation

Which type of marriage engages in conflict at a higher rate with a higher risk? - Traditional - Independent - Separate - Mixed

- Independent

Which is the opening stage of all relationships, not just romantic ones? - Integrating - Experimenting - Initiating - Bonding

- Initiating

Jodi finds her brother-in-law, Cameron, irritating, but she can't avoid interacting with him because he is married to her sister. This reflects which characteristic of conflict? - An expressed struggle - Incompatible goals - Inevitability - Interdependence

- Interdependence

You do not like your manager at work. However, you still do what they ask of you because they have which form of power? - Referent - Legitimate - Reward - Coercive - Expert

- Legitimate

Brennan's parents are very supportive of he and his brother finding careers that they love, expressing their individuality by dressing in ways that are comfortable to them, and by helping to make decisions about the household. This is an example of a family who uses: - High conformity orientation - Low conformity orientation - High conversation orientation - Low conversation orientation - Medium conversation orientation

- Low conformity orientation

Which of the following statements is true about friend with benefits? - Men may find FWB arrangements less satisfying than women do - Men and women are equally likely to be in FWB relationships - FWB partners communicate more about sex and are more sexually satisfied - FWB partners often communicate about the status of their relationship

- Men and women are equally likely to be in FWB relationships

What does research reveal about men and women in dating conflict? - All the research indicates significant and sizeable difference is how men and women approach conflict - Because teenage boys often engage in verbal showdowns or even physical fights, while teenage girls typically use gossip, backbiting, and social exclusion, girl's aggression is less destructive - Men may avoid conflict to stay out of harm's way - but in doing so, they might create greater relational problems with the women they date - Forms of female aggression typically occur in person rather than online

- Men may avoid conflict to stay out of harm's way - but in doing so, they might create greater relational problems with the women they date

Once a married couple has kids their marital satisfaction is the highest when the kids are - Infants/toddlers - In elementary school - In middle school - In high school - Moved out

- Moved out

After much resistance, Chad finally agrees to go to the opera with his wife. As they are finding their seats he says sarcastically, "Yeah, this is going to be a lot of fun." This is an example of which conflict style? - Competition - Avoidance - Direct aggression - Passive aggression

- Passive aggression

Differentiation is often a part of normal relational maintenance because: - People who are different are complementary - Uniqueness is a part of attraction - It marks an important turning point in the relationship - People need to be individuals as well as part of a relationship - None of the above

- People need to be individuals as well as part of a relationship

Which of the following is more likely to result in an escalated conflict episode? - Personal complaints - Behavioral complaints - Impersonal responses - Bullying

- Personal complaints

A work spouse is a colleague with whom you have a special and ___________ friendship characterized by a close emotional bond, high levels of disclosure and support, and mutual trust, honestly, loyalty, and respect. - Platonic - Romantic - Complex - Complementary

- Platonic

Which type of family is high in conversation orientation and low in conformity orientation? - Consensual - Protective - Pluralistic - Laissez-faire

- Pluralistic

All of the following statements about power are true except: - Power is known as a "single-dimension" concept - Power is always present - Power can be positive or negative - Power is context specific

- Power is known as a "single-dimension" concept

Which step for managing conflict involves imagined interaction? - Make a date to discuss the conflict - Interpersonal confrontation - Resolve the problem - Preparation

- Preparation

Your place of work enforces the policy that indicates, If you want to show up for work 1 minute late you can be penalized. However, your boss often shows up late. This situation is best explained by which concept - Principle of the least interested - Prerogative principle - Principle of scarce resources - Power is context specific

- Prerogative principle

"We have an issue. Let's try to come up with a solution that will benefit us both." This statement reflects which of Gibb's categories? - Problem orientation - Empathy - Controlling communication - Certainty

- Problem orientation

Research suggests that which parental approach may lead to more emotional suppression in children and to lower satisfaction for all members of a family? - Consensual - Protective - Pluralistic - Laissez-faire

- Protective

The fact that we are likely to choose a mate with whom we frequently cross paths points to which reason for forming relationships? - Complementarity - Rewards - Proximity - Disclosure

- Proximity

Accepting that relational life is a rollercoaster with inevitable challenges reflects which strategy for managing dialectical tensions? - Alternating - Compromising - Reaffirming - Reframing

- Reaffirming

Greeting customers as they walk into the store is a form of _________________. - Acknowledgement - Recognition - Endorsement - Accommodation

- Recognition

Everyone who we choose to be in a relationship with has this form of power. - Referent - Legitimate - Reward - Coercive - Expert

- Referent

When Maria starts to resent all the time her partner spends playing hockey in the winter and football in the summer, she tells herself that physical activity is important for Ray's health and that she is lucky he is not a couch potato. Which strategy for managing dialectal tensions in Maria using? - Alternating - Compromising - Reaffirming - Reframing

- Reframing

________________ can be defined as communication that keeps relationships running smoothly and satisfactorily. - Small talk - Relational maintenance - Social exchanges - Circumscribing

- Relational maintenance

The strongest and most reliable predictor of sexual satisfaction is _____________________. - Relational satisfaction - Relational commitment - Physical attraction - Intellectual compatibility

- Relational satisfaction

Your family invariable pulls the karaoke machine out of the closet at family functions. This is known as _______________. - Ritual - Narrative - Rule - Conformity orientation

- Ritual

What does John Gottman's transactional research reveal about conflict patterns with homosexual partners? - Same-sex couples approach conflicts far less negatively than male-female partners - Their relationships have as many power struggles as heterosexual relationships - Same-sex parents share child-care responsibilities less evenly than heterosexual parents - Gay and lesbian couples have the same conflict patterns as heterosexual partners

- Same-sex couples approach conflicts far less negatively than male-female partners

In the marriage type, spouses adopt conventional gender roles and tend to avoid conflict: - Traditional - Independents - Seperates - Mixed

- Seperates

One of the most common types of _____________ involves problematic behaviors such as being too sloppy or hyper-neatness. - De-escalatory spirals - Passive aggression - Complementary conflict - Serial arguments

- Serial arguments

Jerry and Nancy have a rule that whoever gets home first will walk the dog. When Nancy returns from work to find Jerry asleep on the couch and their pug, Lola, waiting anxiously at the door with her leash in her mouth, Jerry has committed a transgression that is most clearly identified with which category? - Minor versus significant - Deliberate versus unintentional - Social versus relational - One-time versus incremental

- Social versus relational

When people use honesty in a calculating way, they are utilizing __________________ as a form of ___________________. - Certainty/description - Provisionalism/certainty - Strategy/spontaneity - Spontaneity/strategy

- Spontaneity/strategy

In the ___________________ stage, a relationship is a shell of its former self. No growth occurs, and relational boredom sets in. - Circumscribing - Avoiding - Stagnating - Terminating

- Stagnating

Whenever Nora is upset with her sister, Sarah, Nora withdraws and refuses to speak to Sarah for an extended period of time. This response, which sends a disconfirming message to the other person, is known as ___________________. - Criticism - Contempt - Stonewalling - Defensiveness

- Stonewalling

"When you're the boss like me, you can do it your way" is a comment that demonstrates _______________. - Neturality - Superiority - Certainty - Provisionalism

- Superiority

The biggest challenge in male-female friendship is ____________________. - That women require more intimacy than men - That women talk more often than men - That men are less emotional than women - The potential for sexual attraction

- The potential for sexual attraction

A Ludus lover is more likely to have habitual affairs. - True - False

- True

According to equity theory, it's better to be equally benefited than to be overbenefited. - True - False

- True

Appearance is especially important in the early stages of a relationship. - True - False

- True

Researchers have identified a number of communication strategies for dealing with dialectical tensions. Most of these strategies are _________________. - Unconscious - Conscious - Simple - Complex

- Unconscious

Blurters tend to be high in ______________. - Certainty - Empathy - Perspective taking - Verbal aggressiveness

- Verbal aggressiveness

Which of the following is not a step in the win-win problem-solving approach? - Define your needs - Share your needs with the other person - Listen to the other person's needs - Generate possible solutions - Vote on the best option

- Vote on the best option