Comm109 Exam 2

The most effective order for a presentation depends on A) the purpose, the audience, and the visual aids used. B) the topic, the purpose, and the visual aids used. C) the topic, the references used, and the visual aids used. D) the audience, the attention-getter, and the purpose. E) the topic, the purpose, and the audience.

E) the topic, the purpose, and the audience

The best pattern of organization for a speech explaining how to make a wedding cake would likely be A) spatial. B) historical. C) indirect sequence. D) topical. E) time-sequence.

E) time-sequence

Which of the following is an example of an analogy? A) "Feedback is to communication what the thermostat is to the furnace." B) "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country." C) "Martin is like a friend." D) "Everything that goes up must come down." E) "A puma is like a small lion."

A) "feedback is to communication what the thermostat is to the furnace"

"Imagine that you are in a situation where an angry mob has accused a friend of yours of a serious crime and they are going to hang him because they believe your friend is guilty even though he isn't. Your only chance to save your friend is to convince the unruly mob of your friend's innocence." This is best described as A) a hypothetical illustration. B) a factual narrative. C) a literal analogy. D) a factual illustration. E) a literal metaphor.

A) a hypothetical illustration

"You should keep the four items I have discussed in mind in order to accept the following conclusion..." This is an example of A) a transition B) an axiom. C) an internal summary. D) a signpost. E) a main point.

A) a transition

Which strategy gains attention and arouses the interest of an audience? A) asking rhetorical questions B) citing all of the references used in the speech C) using a monotone voice D) using internal summaries E) using signposts

A) asking rhetorical questions

There are many reasons why a person may have a negative attitude toward public speaking. One of the most frequently mentioned is A) "I don't know where to find information on my subject." B) "I have not given many speeches." C) "I don't have a topic to speak on." D) "I don't know how to organize my speech." E) "I don't have anything worthwhile to speak about."

E) "I don't have anything worthwhile to speak about

The rate at which a speaker speaks is usually between A) 90 and 100 words per minute. B) 180 and 220 words per minute C) 100 and 120 words per minute. D) 150 and 180 words per minute. E) 120 and 150 words per minute.

E) 120 and 150 words per minute

Which of the following are criteria used to evaluate an informative speech? A) The conclusion establishes strong credibility. B) The purpose of the speech includes a plan for change. C) The speech includes a call to action. D) The speech must contain visual aids. E) Supporting materials supply documented evidence that what the speaker is saying is accurate and credible.

E) Supporting materials supply documented evidence that what the speaker is saying is accurate and credible.

When giving a speech about the benefits of eating a particular brand of breakfast cereal, the most reliable and neutral expert opinion would come from A) a friend who eats lots of cereal. B) statistics from a cereal company. C) the CEO of the cereal company. D) a professional athlete who likes the cereal. E) a nutritionist.

E) a nutritionist

Guidelines for choosing an informative speech topic include which of the following statements? A) Choose a topic that you find to be relatively uninteresting. B) Choose a topic that you are unfamiliar with. C) Choose a topic requiring a little more time than you have. D) Choose a topic without concerning yourself about the audience's interest in the topic. E) Choose a topic that is important to you.

E) choose a topic that is important to you

A critical step in the interview process includes A) profiling the nonverbal behaviors of the interviewee. B) transcribing the interview verbatim. C) conducting research after the interview. D) thinking through the nonverbal behaviors you will use. E) choosing the interviewee.

E) choosing the interviewee

"To inform my listeners about the benefits of a Green Lifestyle," and "To help my listeners learn the differences between social aggression and bullying" are two examples of what type of speech topic? A) processes B) ethics C) events D) objects E) concepts

E) concepts

If you adapt your speech to the occupational and educational level of your audience, you are employing what kind of audience analysis? A) reasoned B) attitudinal C) biographical D) personal E) demographic

E) demographic

Which of the following components of delivery helps a speaker clarify his or her thoughts most effectively? A) body movements B) eye contact C) posture D) vocal delivery E) facial expressions

E) facial expressions

According to the text, speech anxiety is often created by A) fear of media exposure. B) genetic predispositions C) fear of outlining. D) fear of physical attractiveness. E) fear of social inadequacy.

E) fear of social inadequacy

The type of outline that provides a detailed skeleton of the speech including main points written as complete sentences is called the A) transitional outline. B) preliminary outline. C) presentation outline. D) key idea outline. E) full-sentence outline.

E) full- sentence outline

The difference between a mediocre speech and a good speech is found A) in the speaker's ability to monitor nonverbal behaviors. B) only in the quantity of a speaker's supporting materials. C) in the speaker's ability to eliminate speech anxiety. D) only in the quality of a speaker's supporting materials. E) in the speaker's ability to use supporting materials correctly.

E) in the speaker's ability to use supporting materials correctly

The general goal of an informative speech is to A) get the audience to act on the basis of information presented in the speech. B) have the audience distinguish between different things. C) provide extrinsic motivation for change. D) provide intrinsic motivation for change. E) increase the knowledge of the audience.

E) increase the knowledge of the audience

An effective way to help your audience follow along with you is to use A) quotations. B) examples C) statistics. D) external previews. E) internal summaries.

E) internal summaries

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for constructing a speech conclusion? A) Reinforce your purpose by reviewing your main points. B) Leave your listeners with a memorable thought. C) Let your listeners know that you are finishing the speech. D) Make your thesis clear to your listeners. E) Let the audience tie everything together.

E) let the audience tie everything together

Which of the following is a suggestion for using statistics? A) Explain statistics as quickly as possible. B) Avoid presenting statistics visually and verbally. C) Use many statistics. D) Provide exact numbers. E) Make sure statistics are from neutral sources.

E) make sure statistics are from neutral sources

The primary function of the introduction of a speech is A) providing support for your central idea. B) establishing credibility. C) stating your main points clearly and effectively. D) providing background information and begin explaining your first main point. E) orienting the audience to the subject and motivating them to listen.

E) orienting the audience to the subject and motivating them to listen

The most important factor that contributes to an effective speech presentation A) organizing the content of the speech. B) delivery. C) analyzing the audience. D) researching the topic. E) selecting an appropriate topic.

E) selecting an appropriate topic

"In 1979, petroleum and natural gas contributed 67 percent of the total energy, while coal supplied only 30 percent. Electrical power increased from a negligible amount in 1900 to about 500 watts per person." The type of support material used in this example is A) definition. B) comparison. C) expert opinion. D) restatement. E) statistics.

E) statistics

Included among the guidelines for topic selection is selecting a topic A) with which you have had success in past speeches. B) with which the audience is unfamiliar. C) that someone else has not given a speech on. D) that has a lot of research information. E) that is familiar and interesting to you.

E) that is familiar and interesting to you

Vocal variety includes which of the following elements? A) the speaker's listening skills B) the speaker's use of denotative definitions C) the speaker's philosophy of public speaking D) the speaker's attitude E) the speaker's use of pauses

E) the speakers use of pauses

Which of the following is a thesis statement? A) architecture of the 1990s B) credit reports and your financial future C) to inform my audience of the three styles of architecture that will be prevalent in the 1990s D) to persuade my audience that the death penalty is immoral E) The three styles of architecture that will be prevalent in the 1990s are post- traditional, Euro-deco, and continental.

E) the three styles of architecture that will be prevalent in the 1990s are post-traditional, Euro-deco, and continental

Line graphs are particularly well suited for A) clarifying comparative data over time. B) comparing groups or categories of statistical data. C) arranging data into columns. D) explaining percentages of a whole. E) comparing groups of people based on demographics.

A) clarifying comparative data over time.

"When I use the phrase 'race baiting,' I refer to the usage of any phrase with a historical background rooted in racial fears to induce current racist sentiment." This statement is an example of what type of definition? A) definition by example B) informative definition C) connotative definition D) logical definition E) operational definition

A) definition by example

The specific purpose of Brent's speech is "To inform the audience about the circumstances leading up to the earthquake in Haiti." Brent's speech is about A) event. B) process. C) object. D) cause-effect. E) concept.

A) event

Telling my audience, "According to the communication scholar Mehrabian, nonverbal communication is important to observe in classroom settings," is an example of using A) expert opinion. B) an explanation. C) an illustration. D) an analogy. E) restatement.

A) expert opinion

Which of the following guidelines will not help reduce your speech anxiety? A) Focus on whar other students have done wrong in their speeches. B) Exert confidence. C) Spend time preparing the speech D) Select a topic you enjoy and know something about. E) Practice.

A) focus on what other students have done wrong in their speeches

When a student giving a speech on solar energy explains how it affects us personally, he or she is using which technique for gaining audience attention? A) information relevance B) motivation C) conversion D) propaganda E) transformation

A) information relevance

When learning how to give a speech, manuscript delivery is often discouraged because it A) invites the speaker to concentrate more on the script than on the audience. B) requires the ability to recall large amounts of information. C) only works in formal situations. D) requires the ability to think on your feet. E) increases eye contact with the audience.

A) invites the speaker to concentrate more on the script than on the audience

Developing a questionnaire is a difficult task, especially for beginners. According to your text, which of the following is a guideline for constructing a useful questionnaire? A) Keep the questionnaire as brief as possible. B) Provide respondents enough responses to gather all possible answers. C) Include more questions than you need to be sure that participants are responding diligently. D) Distribute the questionnaire to all possible outlets. E) Keep the instructions ambiguous, as it is important for participants to make sense of the questions for themselves.

A) keep the questionnaire as brief as possible

Which of the following is not a criterion for evaluating information on websites? A) links B) publishing body C) author D) currency E) purpose

A) links

The president's state of the union address is a good example of which type of delivery? A) manuscript B) impromptu C) memorized D) extemporaneous E) entertainment

A) manuscript

In differentiating between captive and voluntary participants, it is important to remember that captive participants A) may resist participation. B) are characteristically heterogeneous. C) are characteristically motivated to listen. D) have an interest or need related to the topic. E) are characteristically homogeneous.

A) may resist participation

Which form of delivery provides the advantage of allowing the speaker to focus more on the delivery itself, rather than on what is being said? A) memorized delivery B) manuscript delivery C) extemporaneous delivery D) impromptu delivery E) spontaneous delivery

A) memorized delivery

An introduction to a speech includes A) motivating your audience to listen. B) a listing of the arguments you intend to use. C) quotations showing the truthfulness of your central idea. D) an explanation of statistics you will present. E) support for your main points.

A) motivating your audience to listen

"To share the increasing role of crisis hot lines in community health care," and "To inform the audience about J. K. Rowling's contributions to literature" are two examples of what type of informative speech topic? A) objects B) events C) concepts D) history E) processes

A) objects

When a real estate agent tells you how to distinguish between a good investment and a bad one with the motive to sell, the agent's goal is A) persuasion. B) recognition. C) motivation. D) information. E) acceptance.

A) persuasion

When Martin Luther King, in his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, repeated the statement "I have a dream that one day" six times, but each time he repeated the statement he provided a different example, he was using A) restatement. B) analogy. C) a series of logical definitions. D) brief examples. E) a series of operational definitions.

A) restatement

The goal of an informative speech is to A) share information clearly and accurately. B) change the listeners' beliefs and attitudes about the topic. C) make the learning experience as humorous as possible for the audience. D) entertain E) call the audience to action.

A) share information clearly and accurately

When presenting the main points, you should be specific, use vivid language, A) show relevance. B) illustrate credibility. C) display visual aids. D) explain connotative meanings. E) provide logical definitions.

A) show relevance

When determining the number of main points in your speech, you should consider the time available, the content to be covered, and A) the amount of information the audience can reasonably comprehend. B) the supporting material used in the speech. C) the visual aids used in the speech. D) the number of extended examples you plan to include when explaining various topics. E) the amount of research you conducted on the topic.

A) the amount of information the audience can reasonably comprehend

For speaking events that occur outside of the classroom, the general purpose is usually determined by A) the occasion. B) how you want your family to respond. C) your ability to use gestures as a speaker. D) what you know about your topic. E) the number of sources available on the topic.

A) the occasion

Which of the following organizational patterns are most likely to be used when none of the other organizational patterns can be applied to the purpose of a speech? A) the topical pattern B) the cause-effect pattern C) the spatial pattern D) the problem-solution pattern E) the time-sequence pattern

A) the topical pattern

The function indicator ".edu" of a URL indicates that the purpose of the website is A) to provide factual information and explanations. B) to promote and sell products, or provide current news and information. C) to identify accredited museums. D) to influence public opinion and advocate for particular issues. E) to entertain.

A) to provide factual information and explanations

An advantage of using testimony in a speech is that it usually adds ________ to what the speaker says. A) trustworthiness B) scope C) quantity D) imagery E) perspective

A) trustworthiness

Which of the following statements is a guideline for avoiding plagiarism in a speech? A) Whenever information is not your own, you should cite the originator of the idea. B) Occasionally identify your sources. C) Freely incorporate other people's language and ideas into your speech. D) Do not concern yourself with giving credit to the originator of the ideas you use. E) Save citing sources until the end of the speech.

A) whenever information is not your own, you should cite the originator of the idea

The Internet can be a valuable resource for information and a useful resource in researching your speech. The ability of individuals to author material on the Internet is a double-edged sword, however. According to your text, when evaluating Internet information, what question should you first ask of the source? A) Who is the author or producer? B) How reliable is the source? C) How complete is the information? D) Is the webmaster identified? E) Is the web page up to date?

A) who is the author or producer?

According to most college professors and professional speakers, every ten minutes of speaking time requires at least how many hours of research and presentation time? A) 2 hours B) 10 hours C) 6 hours D) 4 hours E) 20 hours

B) 10 hours

The percentage of people who now hold jobs related to the management of information has jumped from 17 percent in the 1950s to ________ today. A) 45 percent B) 75 percent C) 85 percent D) 65 percent E) 55 percent

B) 75 percent

"To persuade my audience to purchase Honda Accords," is an example of A) a thesis. B) a general purpose. C) a topic. D) a specific purpose. E) a self-inventory.

B) a general purpose

The statements "Two points are critical here" and "The following information is essential" reflect what type of organizational technique used in aiding listeners' understanding? A) internal previews B) advance organizers C) antonyms D) planned repetition E) logical definitions

B) advance organizers

You realize that having another person's point of view or opinion for your speech would make your speech more interesting. The best source of information to consult to find that information would be A) an encyclopedia. B) an interview. C) the Internet. D) your personal experience. E) a book of quotations.

B) an interview

When using current media, beginning speakers are cautioned to A) avoid using movies as a way to generate topic ideas. B) avoid relying on the media for the entire speech. C) use only media from the last year. D) avoid relying on their own words. E) remove source citations from the speech.

B) avoid replying on media for the entire speech

GTM Corporation required all managers to attend a workshop on communication skills in the workplace. In this situation, the audience would be considered A) demographic. B) captive. C) voluntary. D) informative. E) analytical.

B) captive

In her speech on communication apprehension, Angela states that communication apprehension is a trait or global anxiety, whereas speech anxiety is a state or situational anxiety. Angela is using what method to clearly define communication apprehension for her audience? A) logical definition B) contrast definition C) etymology D) operational definition E) antonym

B) contrast definition

The functions of your main points are to provide principal subdivisions of your speech and to A) establish a relevance link for the audience. B) define your thesis statement. C) enhance your ability to deliver the speech effectively. D) improve the support material in your speech. E) support the attention getter in your introduction.

B) define your thesis statement

The education of the audience is a part of the A) topic selection process. B) demographic analysis. C) informational interview. D) questionnaire analysis. E) psychological analysis.

B) demographic analysis

Using computer-generated visual aids is a very useful presentational device. However, beginning speakers use computer-generated visual aids erroneously in a few ways. Which of the following is a guideline for effectively using computer- generated visual aids? A) Don't make your graphics sparse. B) Don't overdo the computer-generated graphics. C) Don't use a font size larger than 48 point. D) Don't spend too much time practicing with a computer-generated aid. E) Don't avoid using the computer-generated aid frequently.

B) don't overdo the computer-generated graphics

Letting the audience know what you will cover in the speech is referred to as A) highlighting. B) forecasting. C) providing a game plan D) feedforward. E) organizational prophesizing.

B) forecasting

What is the most likely cause of severe speech anxiety? A) poor grades on a speech B) hearing that presentational speaking is a horrible experience C) lack of experience watching public speeches D) genetics E) ridicule from an audience during a previous speech

B) hearing that presentational speaking is a horrible experience

Tony, an international student, wanted to give an informative speech on his home country and culture. The best source of information for Tony would be A) the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature. B) his personal experience. C) the Internet. D) interviews with experts. E) an encyclopedia.

B) his personal experience

Which of the following guidelines help speakers avoid making assumptions in an informative speech? A) Create a detailed list of notes during your research. B) If you believe that a majority of your audience already knows what you mean, acknowledge that in your introduction to the topic. C) Ask yourself if you already know what you are talking about. D) If you believe that only a few audience members may not understand the topic, disregard the time needed to define and explain the topic. E) Assume that your audience needs introductory information, regardless of what you think they already know.

B) if you believe that a majority of your audience already knows what you mean, acknowledge that in your introduction to that topic

_______ are an effective means of gaining up-to-date information from people who have specialized knowledge of your topic. A) Newspaper articles B) Interviews C) Personal observations D) Magazine articles E) Websites

B) interviews

When you are giving a political speech where every word needs to be stated very carefully, the best delivery method would be A) extemporaneous. B) manuscript. C) impromptu. D) televised. E) informative.

B) manuscript

Toasts, acceptance speeches, and introductions typically call for which type of delivery? A) impromptu B) memorized C) persuasive D) manuscript E) extemporaneous

B) memorized

Which of the following statements is most accurate about plagiarism? A) Plagiarism involves using arguments made by other people and identifying who those people are. B) Plagiarism is when you use another person's ideas in such a way as to make it appear as if they are your own ideas. C) Plagiarism occurs when a speaker violates commonly accepted morals pertaining to the organization of ideas. D) Plagiarism involves inappropriate delivery behaviors. E) Plagiarism is when you use irrelevant emotional appeals to incite the audience to accept your point of view.

B) plagiarism is when you use another person's ideas in such a way as to make it appear as if they are your own ideas

Your textbook points out that those individuals who control information have a great deal of A) uncertainty. B) power. C) critical thinking. D) cognitive complexity. E) communication apprehension.

B) power

The key to using descriptors in an informative speech is that they must A) call the audience to action. B) relate to the listeners' experiences. C) remain gender inclusive. D) be detailed enough to keep the audience's attention. E) provide an overall understanding of the thesis statement.

B) relate to the listeners' experiences

An important first task that speakers should accomplish before writing interview questions and prior to conducting an interview is to A) get a tape recorder. B) research the topic. C) decide on the person to be interviewed. D) arrange the room where the interview is to be held. E) record the interview.

B) research a topic

"Let me first illustrate" and "As you look at my chart" are examples of A) famous quotations. B) signposts. C) transitions. D) internal summaries. E) internal previews.

B) signposts

Which method of analyzing audiences is typically the most time consuming? A) random sampling B) survey interviews C) experiments D) questionnaire E) observation

B) survey interviews

An effective specific purpose identifies A) the references used, the main points, and the attention-getter. B) the general purpose of the speech, the audience, and the exact topic to be covered. C) the general purpose of the speech, the audience, and the call to action. D) the audience, the internal preview, and the main points. E) the introduction, the body, and the conclusion.

B) the general purpose of the speech, the audience, and the exact topic to be covered

Statistics enable speakers A) to prove their points without refutation. B) to analyze specific occurrences or instances. C) to gloss over trends. D) to monitor nonverbal behaviors. E) to summarize a small amount of data rapidly.

B) to analyze specific occurrences or instances

Types of daycare facilities in the workplace, types of tsunamis, and types of flu vaccines are all ideas that could be addressed using which organizational pattern? A) problem-solution pattern B) topical pattern C) indirect sequence pattern D) cause-effect pattern E) serial pattern

B) topical pattern

Ali made a presentation to volunteers of the local Abuse Crisis center on empathic listening. The audience in this situation would be considered A) informative. B) voluntary. C) demographic. D) captive. E) persuasive.

B) voluntary

According to the text, which of the following is an appropriate source of information one can use when researching a speech topic? A) "canned" speeches provided in professional magazines B) yourself C) personal websites D) tabloids E) editorials

B) yourself

During an informative speech an internal summary would go at the end of A) the attention getter. B) the internal preview. C) a main point. D) the conclusion. E) the credibility statement.

C) a main point

According to Aristotle, every speech has essentially which two parts? A) an introduction and a conclusion B) a statement and its conclusion C) a statement and its proof D) a conclusion and a review of the main points E) a body and a conclusion

C) a statement and its proof

According to the text, ethical speakers A) are unconcerned with the effects their messages have on their audiences. B) often pose as an authority when they are not. C) always cite the sources of their information. D) find it necessary to distort or falsify evidence to misrepresent information. E) shy away from persuasive speeches because of the call for action.

C) always cite the sources of their information

Information relevance refers to the A) amount of information the audience has about the topic. B) appropriateness of supporting material. C) audience's need for the speaker's information. D) speaker's involvement with the topic. E) speaker's need for feedback.

C) audience's need for the speaker's information

Two hints for effective informative speaking are A) avoid concrete words and use planned repetition. B) use advance organizers and abstract words. C) avoid assumptions and personalize information. D) gain audience attention and reinforce understanding. E) use statistics and examples.

C) avoid assumptions and personalize information

Which form of visual aid serves best to display comparative information? A) line graph B) table C) bar graph D) model E) pie graph

C) bar graph

"Cyberwar is a potential threat to America's security, both physically and psychologically." This thesis statement is most likely for a speech about a(n) A) organization. B) object. C) concept. D) process. E) event.

C) concept

Kane is doing a presentation on the classical origins of the word "rhetoric." Because many people incorrectly assume "rhetoric" is a negative characterization of public speaking, Kane wanted to provide the classical origin of the meaning of this word. He consulted a specialized dictionary which traced the origin of the word. In this example, Kane is using a(n) A) contrast definition. B) antonym. C) etymology. D) synonym. E) analogy.

C) etymology

The delivery style that gives you more control than the impromptu method yet does not require you to construct a manuscript is called A) memorized delivery. B) informative delivery. C) extemporaneous delivery. D) conversational delivery. E) intuitive delivery.

C) extemporaneous delivery

"Selective admission is when a university does not admit a student unless he/she scores at least a 20 on the ACT test." This statement is an example of what type of definition? A) definition by example B) connotative definition C) operational definition D) informative definition E) logical definition

C) operational definition

If you are trying to teach someone a skill like performing CPR, using a computer program, or playing a card game, you need to present information in the proper sequence and A) quiz them on the information. B) use only one channel of information. C) present information in small amounts at a time. D) focus on only one aspect of the skill. E) have a specialized background with the information.

C) present information in small amounts at a time

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationships among the speaker, the audience, and speech anxiety? A) The audience tends to overestimate a speaker's anxiety. B) The audience is oblivious to the speaker's anxiety. C) Speakers who have speech anxiety often overestimate how much the audience notices their behavior. D) Speakers who have speech anxiety often underestimate how much the audience notices their behavior. E) Cultural differences are not necessarily a cause of anxiety.

C) speakers who have speech anxiety often overestimate how much the audience notices their behavior

Common methods of audience research include which of the following methods? A) experiments B) ethnographies C) survey interviews D) interactions and conversations with family members of the audience E) content analyses of speech preferences

C) survey interviews

The major difference between a ".com" site and a ".net" site is A) the ".com" site is more likely to provide explanations B) the ".net" site is specifically for businesses. C) the ".net" site is more likely to provide entertainment. D) the ".com" site is more likely to advocate specific issues. E) the ".net" site is more likely going to provide factual information.

C) the ".net" site is more likely to provide entertainment

The key to successful control of speech anxiety is A) the proper use of educational materials. B) gene-splicing. C) the desire to control it. D) learning how to speak ethically. E) proper documentation of cited sources.

C) the desire to control it

Which statement accurately reflects the distinction between informative and persuasive speaking? A) Persuasion can be accomplished without attempting to inform. B) Information cannot be presented without attempting to persuade the audience. C) The goals of the speaker distinguishes the two forms of speaking. D) Informative speaking is more entertaining than persuasive speaking. E) In reality, there is no difference between informative and persuasive speaking.

C) the goals of the speaker distinguishes the two forms of speaking

Which of the following is an example of an effective way to state a specific purpose? A) to inform my audience of the three reasons to buy a computer and the four best statistical programs for home computers available on the market B) informing on guns and TV C) to persuade the audience that the Internet has three positive effects on society D) children and the Internet E) The effects of a permissive society can be extremely harmful to children if they are not monitored and guided when they use computers, and can also create a society which eventually becomes desensitized to reality.

C) to persuade the audience that the Internet has three positive effects on society

The function indicator ".com" of a URL indicates that the purpose of the website is A) to provide factual information and explanation. B) to influence public opinion and advocate for particular issues. C) to promote and sell products, or provide current news and information. D) to entertain. E) to identify accredited museums.

C) to promote and sell products, or provide current news and information

A speech on space exploration consisted of the following outline: I. Space exploration involved many people. A. Scientists played a critical role in developing space exploration. a. They had to develop necessary instruments and space capsules. b. They had to devise mathematical formulas in order to make space travel possible. B. The government played a key role in facilitating space explorations. C. Legislators had to pass various bills and appropriations. D. Politicians had to sell the space program to the public. As a speaker, you would know that the type of organizational pattern illustrated in the above outline is a A) time sequence pattern. B) spatial pattern. C) topical pattern. D) persuasive pattern. E) cause-effect pattern.

C) topical pattern

The chronological organizational pattern is especially useful for A) describing the causes of lung cancer its effects on a person's finances. B) discussing the ozone problem and possible solutions one might propose for addressing the problem. C) tracing the relationships within a series of events. D) dividing a topic into a series of related subtopics. E) describing how to best organize a particular room of the house.

C) tracing the relationships within a series of events

If a speaker says, "We have considered the lack of an adequate number of highways in the United States; now let us turn to consider the safety of those highways," the speaker is using a A) functional organization pattern. B) descriptive summarization pattern. C) transition. D) signpost. E) outline.

C) transition

One suggestion for using testimony is to A) paraphrase short quotations in your own words. B) use authorities most people have not heard of before. C) use testimony when you need additional supporting information. D) use abstract quotations. E) use at least two testimonies per main point in your speech.

C) use testimony when you need additional supporting information

A speaker can increase the audience's understanding by A) using abstract concepts. B) using as many visual aids as possible. C) using concrete words. D) organizing the presentation according to the chronological order of the references cited. E) ignoring details altogether and sticking strictly to the main points of the speech.

C) using concrete words

An important difference between websites and print sources such as journals and periodicals is that A) only print sources provide information about the author of the material. B) only websites provide current information on different topics. C) websites do not undergo the same evaluation and review process that print sources go through. D) websites provide more accurate information than print sources. E) print sources do not undergo the same evaluation and review process that websites go through.

C) websites do not undergo the same evaluation and review process that print sources go through

Effective specific purpose statements identify the topic to be covered, the audience, and A) the credibility of the speaker. B) the organizational pattern used to organize main points. C) whether or not the speech is informative, persuasive, or entertaining. D) how long the speech will last. E) the occasion.

C) whether or not the speech is informative, persuasive, or entertaining

Which of the following is most likely to be an antonym of the word "boring"? A) "dry" B) "to be a bore" C) "vague" D) "exciting" E) "dull"

D) "exciting"

What is most clearly wrong with the following specific purpose: "Buying a pet"? A) It is not limited to one idea. B) It is too short. C) It is stated as a question. D) It is not concise and carefully worded. E) It is irrelevant.

D) It is not concise and carefully worded

Audience analysis includes A) a philosophical analysis. B) a financial analysis. C) a rhetorical analysis. D) a demographic analysis. E) a physiological analysis.

D) a demographic analysis

Which of the following best illustrates the notion of bias in a website consulted to find information on carcinogenic substances? A) a scientific study sponsored by a university B) a scientific study sponsored by the government C) a scientific study sponsored by a hospital D) a scientific study sponsored by a corporation E) a scientific study sponsored by Consumer Reports

D) a scientific study sponsored by a corporation

According to the text, which of the following is a technique for selecting a topic? A) ignoring current media B) asking your parents C) audience inventories D) accessing the The Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature E) seeking a fortune teller to find the best topic

D) accessing the The Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature

The advantages of manuscript delivery include A) ability to adapt to the audience B) greater flexibility, vocally and physically. C) the ease with which statistics may be used. D) accuracy and preciseness. E) greater freedom to concentrate on delivery.

D) accuracy and preciseness

Demographic analysis is a useful tool for understanding and analyzing your potential speaking audience. According to your text, which of the following variables are culturally determined? A) religion B) group membership C) geography D) attitudes E) gender

D) attitudes

Which of the following statements is a clear advantage of presenting bar graphs during a speech? A) Using bar graphs saves time. B) Audiences find bar graphs easier to understand. C) Bar graphs allow for more effective use of color. D) Bar graphs are an excellent way to show comparisons of complex data. E) Using bar graphs replaces the need for a speaker to explain portions of information.

D) bar graphs are an excellent way to show comparisons of complex data.

Which sequence describes the best way to approach outlining a speech A) Begin with a preliminary outline, and then create a presentational outline, followed by a full-content outline. B) Begin by citing your primary references, and then create a presentational outline, followed by a "specific purpose" outline. C) Begin with a full-content outline, and then create a preliminary outline, followed by a presentational outline. D) Begin with a preliminary outline, and then create a full-content outline, followed by a presentational outline. E) Begin with a presentational outline, and then create a preliminary outline, followed by a full-content outline.

D) begin with a preliminary outline, and then create a full-content outline, followed by a presentational outline.

Of the following speech topics, which is most appropriate for a seven minute speech? A) air pollution B) the environment C) environmental pollution D) carbon dioxide emissions E) ecology

D) carbon dioxide emissions

Successful speakers consider their audiences by A) incorporating at least three visual aids. B) making information meaningful and interesting to their audience by providing extremely detailed information. C) presenting topics that they know their audience will disagree with. D) communicating clearly and accurately. E) including at least four sources per main point.

D) communicating clearly and accurately

The specific purpose of Madison's speech is "To inform the audience about the three common misconceptions associated with capitalism." Madison's speech is about a(n) A) object. B) process. C) correlation. D) concept. E) event.

D) concept

A strategy where you explain the meaning of something and show how it is different from something else is called a(n) A) synonym. B) etymology. C) abstract word. D) contrast definition. E) analogy.

D) contrast definition

Which of the following statements is the best thesis statement? A) To persuade my audience that disk golf is a beneficial sport to learn. B) To persuade my audience about disk golf. C) To persuade D) Disk golf is an inexpensive, easy to learn, and therapeutic sport. E) Disk golf as a sporting event.

D) disk golf is an inexpensive, easy to learn, and therapeutic sport

Suppose you were at a wedding reception and were asked to give a congratulatory speech to the bride and groom with no prior notice. You would be giving a(n) A) extemporaneous speech B) motivated speech. C) memorized. D) impromptu speech. E) manuscript speech.

D) impromptu speech

Arleen has a clear and distinct voice. She also says her word-endings, never mumbling her words. According to the text, we would say that Arleen is doing a good job with A) kinesics. B) voice quality. C) pauses. D) intelligibility. E) pronunciation.

D) intelligibility

Choosing language carefully for an informative speech involves A) using gender-exclusive language. B) glossing over special terms when the audience is unfamiliar with the topic. C) using individualistic language. D) matching your level of language to the knowledge your audience already possesses. E) choosing words that are abstract rather than words that are concrete.

D) matching your level of language to the knowledge your audience already possesses.

When displaying the actual object is not practical, the next best visual aid choice to consider using is a A) real object. B) graph. C) key word visual aid. D) model. E) diagram.

D) model

When Elisa gave her speech, she repeated her main argument to help her audience's comprehension. She was using which organizational technique? A) signposting B) comprehension booster C) planned attention D) planned repetition E) forced attention

D) planned repetition

Maya Angelou helps your textbook authors make the point that effective preparation involves A) practice and thinking about terminology to use. B) adequate research and thinking about delivery options. C) practice and thinking about the evidence used in the speech. D) planning and practicing the presentation. E) effective organization and thinking about how to use visual aids.

D) planning and practicing the presentation

The conclusion of a speech should A) follow a chronological pattern. B) motivate your audience to listen. C) provide statistics on your topic. D) reinforce what you want your audience to remember. E) establish your credibility.

D) reinforce what you want your audience to remember

In describing a communicative extrovert, Josh used the phrases "willingness to talk openly" and "uninhibited speech" to help the audience understand the behaviors of an extrovert. In other words, Josh was using what type of definition? A) operational definitions B) antonyms C) logical definitions D) synonyms E) metaphors

D) synonyms

Which term refers to a technique designed to reduce the tenseness associated with speech anxiety by helping speakers develop a new, relaxed response to the anxiety-provoking event? A) auditory stimulation B) speaker visualization C) communibiological stimulation D) systematic desensitization E) audience visualization

D) systematic desensitization

Which of the following are suggestions for doing research? A) Save your search until after you have written a rough draft of the speech. B) Wait until the evaluator asks for a bibliography of sources before putting one together. C) Start your search, and then construct a clear purpose statement. D) Take notes. E) Use computer searches only when absolutely necessary.

D) take notes

In court cases, psychologists are often asked to provide what type of supporting information? A) hypothetical illustrations B) a brief example C) restatements D) testimony E) analogies

D) testimony

The number of main points in your speech will depend on A) the type of attention-getter used in the introduction. B) the audience. C) the number of visual aids needed for the speech. D) the complexity of the supporting materials required for each point. E) the number of transitions you want to include.

D) the complexity of supporting materials required for each point

Of the following speech topics, which is most appropriate for a seven minute informative speech? A) pop culture fads B) video games C) pop culture fads in the entertainment industry D) the three effects of video games on children E) pop culture

D) the three effects of video games on children

Speeches about processes generally serve which two purposes? A) to increase understanding and to motivate the audience to action B) to gain the audience's attention and to teach the audience how to do something C) to gain the audience's attention and to increase understanding D) to increase understanding and to teach the audience how to do something E) to call the audience to action and to entertain

D) to increase understanding and to teach the audience how to do somethin

Which of the following statements is true concerning the various methods of presenting visual aids? A) The most popular projected visual is slide presentations. B) Poster board visuals tend to look less professional than chalkboard drawings. C) Handouts are poor visuals during speeches. D) Use graphs mainly to display statistics. E) If using computer-generated visuals, you can have them support up to 50 percent of the speech.

D) use graphs mainly to display statistics

When using statistics, you should always remember to A) only use statistics. B) use statistics often. C) let the statistics speak for themselves. D) use neutral sources. E) be specific with large numbers.

D) use neutral sources

When polishing your delivery you should A) practice the speech without anyone watching. B) practice all of the speech straight through. C) practice the speech in several different settings/rooms. D) use slightly different wordings each time you practice your speech (unless the speech is supposed to be memorized). E) practice the speech without notes.

D) use slightly different wordings each time you practice your speech (unless the speech is supposed to be memorized)

Effective main points include which of the following elements? A) general language B) specific references to bibliographic information C) ambiguous wording D) vivid language E) abstract terms

D) vivid language

Which statement accurately portrays the relationship between the speaker's voice and the speaker's delivery A) Fillers and vocal pauses help pace the timing of a speech. B) Vocal quality has very little to do with how the audience evaluates the speaker. C) Higher-pitched voices are easier to understand than moderately-pitched voices. D) Vocal quality is a highly accurate indicator of the presenter's sincerity. E) Most articulation problems result from speech impediments.

D) vocal quality is a highly accurate indicator of the presenter's sincerity

Which of the following sources provide the most recently available information for speech writing? A) weekly magazines and books B) books and research journals C) books and editorials D) weekly magazines and research journals E) editorials and political polls

D) weekly magazines and research journals

Which of the following is a correct specific purpose statement for an informative speech on typewriters? A) Show why the IBM typewriter is superior to other kinds of typewriters. B) the future of the typewriter in an electronic world C) discuss the history of the typewriter from manual writing, to the invention of the typewriter and its various uses, to the invention of the electronic typewriter D) Typing is an important skill to have, therefore you should learn to type. E) to inform my audience of the four steps in the evolution of the standard typewriter keyboard

E) to inform my audience of the four steps in the evolution of the standard typewriter keyboard

When using presentational note cards, you should always remember to A) use as many cards as needed. B) write on both sides of the card to reduce the number of cards. C) reduce your introduction and conclusion to a list. D) use short hand for your quotations. E) use abbreviations as much as possible.

E) use abbreviations as much as possible

Although she prepared well in advance for her speaking assignment, Becky's high-pitched, squeaky voice became a distraction for her fellow classmates. In this example, Becky is struggling with A) communication apprehension. B) enunciation. C) intelligibility. D) vocal rate. E) vocal quality.

E) vocal quality

You have grown up playing videogames. In fact, you often joke with your friends that Nintendo did more to raise you than your parents. Because of this "expertise," you decide to give a speech on the history of Nintendo to your class for your persuasive speech. Which of the following criteria for the appropriateness of a topic is not met with your proposed speech? A) Does the topic merit the audience's attention? B) Can you make the topic understandable to everyone in attendance? C) Is the topic of sufficient interest to you? D) Will the audience see a relationship between you and the topic? E) Will the topic meet the objectives of the assignment?

E) will the topic meet the objectives of the assignment