Community Exam 2 Questions

a community health nurse is determining available and needed supplies in the event of a bioterrorism attack. the nurse should be aware that community members exposed to anthrax will need access to which of the following medications? a. metronidazole (flagyl) b. ciproflaxacin (cipro) c. zanamivir (relenza) d. fluconazole (diflucan)

b. ciproflaxacin (cipro)

Match each term with the correct example 1. Malaria is present in Africa at all times because of the presence of infected mosquitos. Malaria is ______ in Africa 2. The Ebola virus in parts of Africa is in excess of what is expected for this region. This virus is an __________ 3. HIV/AIDs is one of the worse global diseases in history. It is a/an __________ a. endemic b. pandemic c. epidemic

1. A endemic 2. C epidemic 3. B pandemic

A public health nurse understands that the emergence of new infectious diseases is influenced by the: a. Increased availability of immunizations b. Globalization of food supplies c. Decreased use of child care facilities d. Creation of sanitation systems in third world countries

b. Globalization of food supplies

The time interval between invasion by an infectious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms of the disease is called: a. Communicable period b. Incubation period c. Infectiousness d. Pathologic reaction

b. Incubation period

Which is an example of an agent in the epidemiologic triangle? a. Human population distribution b. Salmonella c. Genetic susceptibility d. Climate

b. Salmonella

West Nile Virus is an example of which of the following types of illness? a. Foodborne b. Vectorborne c. Waterborne d. Zoonoses

b. Vectorborne

when a situation exists in which there is potential contact with blood or body fluids, health care workers must always perform hand hygiene and wear gloves, masks, protective clothing, and other indicated personal protective barriers. the underlying reason for requiring these practices, known as universal precautions, is that: a. blood and body fluids of all clients need to be handled as if they were infected b. effective infection control surveillance programs are in place c. health care settings are reservoirs of infection d. health care workers do not effectively use hand hygiene

a. blood and body fluids of all clients need to be handled as if they were infected

an example of a vertical transmission of a disease is through: a. breast milk b. sexual transmission c. mosquitos d. contaminated food

a. breast milk

Emerging infectious diseases may arise as a result of factors operating singly or in combination, and these factors may include which of the following? (select all that apply) a. environmental changes b. host behavior c. improved surveillance d. microbial adaptation e. public health infrastructure deterioration

a. environmental changes b. host behavior d. microbial adaptation e. public health infrastructure deterioration

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common complication of: a. gonorrhea b. syphilis c. chancroid d. herpes

a. gonorrhea

the nurse is counseling a female who has recently tested positive for HIV. the nurse educates her that she is responsible to (select all that apply) a. have regular medical evaluations and follow-ups b. donate blood, plasma, body organs, or sperm c. inform health care providers about the HIV infection d. Consider the risk of perinatal transmission e. never use barrier methods of birth control

a. have regular medical evaluations and follow-ups c. inform health care providers about the HIV infection d. Consider the risk of perinatal transmission

the nurse counsels a client to have the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) test in order to: a. indicate the presence of the antibody to HIV b. reveal whether or not the client has AIDs c. isolate the HIV virus d. confirm HIV after having a positive Western blot

a. indicate the presence of the antibody to HIV

a nurse is presenting information to the county health department about potential bioterrorism threats. which of the agents would the nurse discuss in this presentation? a. smallpox b. west nile virus c. severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) d. novel influenza A H1N1

a. smallpox

A public health nurse wanting to know what caused severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea in a large group of people on a cruise ship would be using: a. Descriptive epidemiology b. Analytic epidemiology c. Distribution d. Determinants

b. Analytic epidemiology

a client comes to the local clinic with acute symptoms of fever, nausea, lack of appetite, malaise, and abdominal discomfort. during the course of the assessment, the nurse determines that the client is a health care aide working at a daycare center. these facts are important becuase: a. acute hepatitis b is self-limiting b. hepatitis a outbreaks commonly occur in facilities where staff changes diapers c. hepatitis c is a "silent killer" d. individuals with chronic liver disease are at greater risk for hepatitis a

b. hepatitis a outbreaks commonly occur in facilities where staff changes diapers

the nurse is monitoring illness trends in the community and notes there were 60 cases of varicella during the second week of September. all cases resolved without complications. what term represents this information? a. mortality b. morbidity c. attack rate d. recovery trend

b. morbidity

nurses need to be aware that, when a disease or event outbreak occurs as a result of a purposeful introduction of an agent into the population, then the: a. case definition must be validated by lab results b. predictable patterns may not exist c. surveillance systems can detect the event d. source of contamination must be identified to respond appropriately

b. predictable patterns may not exist

a nurse is working in a health department when a patient arrives who has been traveling to South America and has been diagnosed with malaria. the nurse knows: a. the morbidity and mortality weekly report should be consulted to investigate the rate of malaria in the US b. this is a disease that must be reported to the state health department c. the nurse should take precautions to wear a mask and gown to prevent exposure d. the patient is very ill and should be sent to the hospital immediately

b. this is a disease that must be reported to the state health department

An example of a bacterial STD is: a. Trichomonas b. HIV c. Syphilis d. Genital warts

c. Syphilis

Which example contains the components necessary to form an epidemiologic triangle? a. Pesticides, water, food b. Lead, mercury, soil c. Trichloroethylene, water, infants d. Children under 12, elderly, temperature

c. Trichloroethylene, water, infants

which of the following agents of bioterrorism is manifested in 3 ways? a. plague b. smallpox c. anthrax d. tularemia

c. anthrax

the nurse teaches food handlers to wash utensils after contact with raw meat. this prevention focuses on the: a. agent b. host c. environment d. food handler

c. environment

community health nurses conducting health education among populations vulnerable to HIV infection should explain the natural history of the infection, including the fact that HIV infection may go undetected during the primary infection stage because: a. antibody test results are typically negative b. antibody production by the immune system increases c. incubation period is prolonged d. symptoms include myalgias, sore throats, and rash

c. incubation period is prolonged

a community health nurse visits a homeless shelter that has several clients with TB who are taking antimicrobial drugs. supervised drug administration may be done on a daily basis with persons with poor adherence because: a. this type of client does not care about his or her health b. homeless people have no access to medications c. poor adherence can result in drug resistance d. the antimicrobials are so powerful, clients must be observed for reactions

c. poor adherence can result in drug resistance

which information is important for the nurse to know about preventing and controlling parasitic infections? a. the medication to prescribe to treat these infections b. the nature and symptoms of all parasitic infections c. what specimens to collect and how and when to collect them d. public policy about parasitic infections

c. what specimens to collect and how and when to collect them

To understand the causes of health and disease, epidemiology studies: a. Individuals b. Families c. Groups d. Populations

d. Populations

Which would be considered a serious epidemic of influenza? a. 50 cases b. 100 cases c. 500 cases d. Unable to determine

d. Unable to determine

a school nurse is teaching a class of sophomores about the relationship between the risk of sexually transmitted diseases and risk-taking behaviors. a key point to include is: a. all STDs are easily preventable with consistent condom use b. once a young woman is pregnant, she is no longer at risk for most STDs c. STDs are most likely to be transmitted during a student's initial sexual encounter d. use of alcohol and drugs makes a student more likely to make decisions that result in exposure to and infection with STDs

d. use of alcohol and drugs makes a student more likely to make decisions that result in exposure to and infection with STDs