Community Final

Universal Health Care

Everyone gets adequate healthcare (health care for all)

What connects us to the environment?

Food

How many years can it take for adults to show symptoms? Children?

10 years 1 year

When did the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiate public health efforts to prevent injury from violence? 1960s 1980s 1970s 2000s

1980s

What year was AIDs discovered?

1984

What percentage of all forms of confirmed child abuse occurred while the child was in daycare or foster care settings? 2% 10% 5% 8%

2%

What is the percentage of teachers in schools who reported being physically injured or threatened in the school year 2010-2011? 10% 1% 7% 8%

7%

Which one of the following statements about the use of epidemiology in nursing practice is incorrect? A nurse in the hospital rarely uses epidemiological findings as a basis for his or her nursing practice since most epidemiological research is community based. Epidemiological research findings guide most nursing practice, especially as related to interventions focused on risk reduction. Epidemiology as a research method has yielded valuable information about associated risks for pregnancy. Nurses are often the first to notice patterns of disease and wellness that can lead to large-scale epidemiological studies.

A nurse in the hospital rarely uses epidemiological findings as a basis for his or her nursing practice since most epidemiological research is community based.

PPO

A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a type of health insurance arrangement that allows plan participants relative freedom to choose the doctors and hospitals they want to visit.

Why weren't vaccines working with AIDs?

Because it's a retrovirus

Which of the following is administered to block the metabolism of alcohol? Mifepristone Naltrexone Antabuse Methadone

Antabuse

What is cholera?

Bacteria r/t poor water plumbing

Which of the following records substances linked with emergency department admissions in various metropolitan areas of the United States? DARE NIDA DAWN MADD

DAWN

All of the following are considered risk factors except: age. race. education. gender.

Education

Community health nurses found that melanoma and mental illness are prevalent and serious problems in children. True False

False

First public health nurse

Lillian Wald

In recent years, poverty among Latinos has increased more than any other ethnic group. True False

True

The study of older adults and aging is called: geriatrics. elder health. gerontology. senescence.

gerontolgy

Early epidemiological studies focused on what type of disease? Noninfectious Chronic Infectious Multiple cause

infectious

UNICEF

nonprofit organization to feed children

All of the following were sources of great progress and led to the increase of environmental hazards except: rural sprawl. advanced technology. modern agricultural methods. population growth.

rural sprawl

In addition to smoking and sexual activity, which of the following adolescent behaviors has serious health consequences? Substance use Violence Delinquency Suicide

substance abuse

The segment of the homeless population that is increasing most rapidly is/are: older men. persons with AIDS. substance abusers. women and children.

women and children

Given the definition of a disaster provided in your community health text, all of the following would be considered a disaster except: An earthquake that disrupts power and water supplies for a week. A forest fire that is capable of containment by local fire personnel. A hurricane that leaves 500 persons homeless. A building explosion in a lower class urban neighborhood.

A forest fire that is capable of containment by local fire personnel.

For the disaster variable called "speed of onset" which of the following is slow? A flood A hurricane A tornado Collapse of a bridge

A hurricane

In 1992, after Hurricane Andrew, a federal emergency was declared in south Florida. This disaster is an example of which of the following? A level I disaster A level II disaster A level III disaster A level IV disaster

A level III disaster

Regardless of legal definition, what defines a disaster from a public health perspective? An event that is an extraordinary freak of nature Chemical dumping A riot An event that causes such suffering that the community calls in outside assistance

An event that causes such suffering that the community calls in outside assistance

When should primary prevention of violence optimally begin at a micro system level? When the need arises As soon as victims come to an ambulatory care center As early as possible—in school, daycare, etc. When children are endangered

As early as possible-in school, daycare, etc.

When did it begin and why?

Began 5 years ago (2011) because city was trying to save money since GM began cutting production there, so they decided to just get the water from Flint River which had toxic metal in it from rusting pipes. That same water rusted the pipes of GM, and GM stopped using it.

Who founded the Henry St. Settlement

Brewster and Wald

Biggest milestone of the turn of the century...

Bringing clean water to people's homes -> decline of infection and disease

What is the second receptor called of AIDs?

CCR5

Which of the following is the most used drug in the world? Nicotine Alcohol Marijuana Caffeine

Caffeine

Which of the following can be useful to extend and enhance scarce resources? Collaboration Advocacy Education Activism

Collaboration

Describe a tenement

Dangerous for TB, flu because it was unsanitary, crowded, Pb, no plumbing

In the two periods 1993-2004 and 2005-2008, how may firearm-related crime be described? Increasing in the first, decreasing in the second Increasing in the first, increasing in the second Decreasing in the first, increasing in the second Decreasing in the first, decreasing in the second

Decreasing in the first, increasing in the second

Flint Water Crisis

Deemed a federal emergency--> Red Cross and National Guard Involved It was the government's job to protect the public's safety but at first the government was saying that everything was fine and people continued to drink it. They had to start giving out bottled water and filters because the children's blood levels double and tripled. Pb is a neurotoxin and effects IQ and developmental problems. Could have been avoided if the corrosion agent would've been used. Controversial town about government reacting or not reacting because majority of population was black. At first government

Long term side effects of AIDs

Diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, HTN

A person who does not experience an emotional connection with the rest of society is known as which of the following? Vulnerable Medically indigent Disenfranchised Impoverished

Disenfranchised

Which model presented a theoretical basis for attempting to create a therapeutic environment by bringing live-in animals and plants into the nursing home? Eden Alternative Sunrise Human ecological Medical professionalism

Eden Alternative

Which of the following early public health measures caused a significant drop in mortality? Toxic substance control Providing housing Ensuring safety in the workplace Ensuring sanitation and clean water

Ensuring sanitation and clean water

What is the biggest determinant in the community's health?

Environment

Allocation of scarce resources is one of the most common issues of which type encountered by a community health nurse? Medical Legal Ethical Moral

Ethical

Which of the following research designs provides the strongest epidemiological evidence for causal associations? Experimental research designs Correlational research designs Descriptive research designs Retrospective research designs

Experimental research designs

When a federal emergency is declared by the president, the agency responsible for managing all ongoing health and medical services is the: Centers for Disease Control. American Red Cross. U. S. Public Health Service. Federal Emergency Management Agency.

FEMA

Demographic factors such as age, gender, and ethnicity are taken into account in crude rates. True False

False

Increased knowledge about sexual function has been identified as a factor contributing to the high rates of teen pregnancy in the United States. True False

False

There are sufficient data available to assess the problem of elder abuse in nursing homes and long-term care facilities. True False

False

Which group of persons is least at risk for hepatitis D? Family members of persons with hepatitis D Sexually active homosexual men Healthcare workers in contact with blood Residents in homes for the disabled

Family members of people with hep D

Which of the following nurses developed her theory of nursing based on the individual's environment? Dr. Madeleine Leininger Lillian Wald Florence Nightingale Margaret Sanger

Florence Nightingale

What are the first few symptoms of AIDs?

Flu-like and rash

All of the following are considered resource factors except: hardiness. support systems. education. genetics.

Genetics

The interrelationship among the three dimensions of control, commitment, and challenge is the essence of which of the following? Vulnerability Disenfranchisement Hardiness Medical indigence

Hardiness

As a community health nurse, your first assignment for the Peace Corps is in Trinidad. Which health indicator would you want to know in preparing for your role as a community health nurse? Age-specific death rate Neonatal death rate Infant mortality rate Crude death rate

Infant mortality rate

Which of the following has an annual recommended adult immunization schedule? hepatitis B influenza tetanus, diphtheria (Td) varicella

Influenza

Which of the following disaster activities of the community health nurse would be considered primary prevention? First aid for victims of a train crash Instruction on the use of seat belts on commuter trains Transportation of the injured to a regional trauma center Counseling a coworker who is experiencing panic anxiety

Instruction on the use of seat belts on commuter trains

For Universal Health Care to work we need...

Insurance companies to take less profit

Which former U.S. surgeon general stated that many children in the United States are members of the 5-H Club: hungry, homeless, hugless, hopeless, and without health care? Jocelyn Elders Antonia Novello C. Everett Koop David Satcher

Jocelyn Elders

What kind of intervention is the Violence Against Women Act, which was the result of lobbying by nurses and other healthcare organizations? Macrosystem level Mesosystem level Behavioral level Tertiary prevention

Macrosystem

Which of the following refers to working adults who do not have the means to acquire healthcare insurance? Medically indigent Disenfranchised Impoverished Vulnerable

Medically indigent

Which of the following is used as a maintenance treatment for heroin addicts? Antabuse Methadone Naltrexone Mifepristone

Methadone

In the 19th century what was believed to impact people's health?

Morals

What two broad categories cover disasters? Emergent and major Topological and bacteriological Natural and human generated Biological and explosive

Natural and human generated

Who discovered transcultural nursing?

Nightingale and Lehninger

How well founded is the concern that sexual education and/or contraceptive distribution encourages teen sexual activity? Not at all Somewhat Somewhat, for earlier teens Very

Not at all

Which of the following roles has as its primary goal to represent vulnerable populations and help patients solve problems and develop appropriate solutions for their concerns? Nurse educator Nurse advocate Nurse researcher Care manager

Nurse advocate

A public health nurse receives a lab report showing an elevated lead blood level for a 5-year-old boy who lives in a rural county. In conducting the home assessment, the nurse determines that the family lives in a 2-year-old house with county water; they use plastic eating utensils and dishes; they have a new set of pots and pans from Sears; and the father collects and repairs old vehicles, several of which are in the yard. Which of the above could be the source of the lead? Cooking utensils Old vehicles in yard Water supply Paint in the child's room

Old vehicles in yard

EBOLA VIDEO

Originated in S. Africa, 1976 fruit bats get infected but not sick Bush Meat Animals get sick and people eat the bush meat, it's a delicatessen and also sold in the US Is an EPIDEMIC Liberia was the center of it all, they were quarantining the area (no one in or out) transmitted via bodily fluid (blood, diarrhea, vomit) fear that it will mutate and become airborne first symptoms are flu like, achy muscles later symptoms are dehydration, bleed to death, kidney/liver failure took the infected missionary to Emory hospital many afraid to go to hospital because so many have died there main way of spreading is via the burial practices. solution is to burn the bodies. working on a vaccine and tx. one Dr was injected with the antibodies of their colleague which reacted well. best way of preventing in US is treating in Africa.

Which of the following is required on the part of a community health nurse when acting on behalf of a vulnerable patient? Collaboration Education Persistence Support network

Persistence

The DARE curriculum is organized into classroom sessions that are conducted by which of the following? Police officer/classroom teacher Police officer/nurse Physician/nurse Classroom teacher/clergyman

Police officer/classroom teacher

What kind of intervention is a result of upstream thinking? Short term Tertiary Emergency Preventive

Preventative

At which level of infectious disease prevention is increasing the resistance of the host a major focus? Primary Secondary Tertiary Rehabilitative

Primary

Personal surveillance of persons known to have TB is an example of which of the following? Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention Specific protection

Primary prevention

The number expressed by a numerator, a denominator, and by specification of place and time is known as a: percent. rate. ratio. risk differential.

Rate

Which of the following refers to health conditions that result from the interaction of many factors, including a person's genetic makeup, lifestyle, and the physical and social environments in which he/she lives or works? Risk Vulnerability Acute Chronic

Risk

Which of the following is a risk factor for violence at a microsystem level? Poverty Oppressive work environment Slow language development Gang activity

Slow language development

Gold Mark Report

Standardized RN education

What was the first legislation passed to specifically aid the homeless? Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act Federal Emergency Relief Act Community Health Centers Act National Center on Homelessness Act

Stewart B McKinney Homeless Assistance Act

What is the term for violence that is indirect and built into social institutions or thinking? Behavioral violence Collective violence Psychological violence Structural violence

Structural violence

What is one activity suggested for nurses that is related to, but not necessarily part of, war? Surveillance and documentation of the health effects of war Reducing firearm-related deaths Taking the role of "social guardian of morality" Reducing television violence

Surveillance and documentation of the health effects of war

Which of the following are transmitted directly between people? malaria, giardiasis, hepatitis B Lyme disease, hepatitis A, tetanus chicken pox, salmonellosis, rabies tuberculosis, rubella, HIV

TB, rubella, HIV

A child in elementary school has been diagnosed with infectious meningitis. The school nurse, Jane, has received an anxious telephone call from a parent who works for the media. She has heard there may be an outbreak and wants to know if her child will develop meningitis. Which of the following describes an ethical approach to risk communication? The nurse must say she cannot release any information about the situation since medical information is confidential. The nurse should only teach the mother the signs and symptoms of meningitis for early detection and prompt treatment in case her child was exposed. Tell the parent that the risk of more children developing the infection can be considered minimal once the ill child is no longer attending the school. The nurse should estimate the likelihood of exposure and teach the parent about the disease transmission, symptoms, and treatment.

The nurse should estimate the likelihood of exposure and teach the parent about the disease transmission, symptoms, and treatment.

What population characteristic is shared by 90% of those who commit suicide? They are black. They are white. They are gay or lesbian. They are female.

They are white

Poverty increases the risk in young children for developing chronic diseases, trauma-induced injuries and death, developmental delays, poor nutrition, inadequate immunizations, iron deficiency anemia, and elevated serum lead levels. True False

True

The _____________________ has had the greatest effect on establishing the rights of children. United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Global Children's Rights Initiative Agency for International Child Advocacy

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

Which of the following falls under one of the four types of intimate partner violence? Poor explanations for injuries Using physical force to hurt or to hurt a partner Neglecting to provide for a partner's basic needs Exploiting a partner financially

Using physical force to hurt or to hurt a partner

What does a public health approach to violence imply? Health professionals are primarily responsible for solving the problem of violence. Violence is a learned behavior and therefore preventable and changeable. Violence is mainly a problem of health. The criminal justice system is responsible for preventing violence.

Violence is a learned behavior and therefore preventable and changeable

Which model can assist nurses in the community to understand the interrelationship among multiple factors that contribute to the choices made by individuals, families, and communities that ultimately affect their health status? Sunrise model Medical professionalism model Web of causation model Eden alternative model

Web of causation model

In which of the following circumstances would a nurse find prevalence rates useful? When allocating resources When determining a condition's date of onset When responding to a disaster When extrapolating data from national statistics to apply locally

When allocating resources

Germ Theroy

Worried about people with dangerous germs (typhoid Mary)

All of the following are characteristics of an urban community except: a setting with more than 2,500 residents. a setting with more than 99 persons per square mile. a setting with a population of at least 20,000. a setting with fewer than 2,500 residents

a setting with fewer than 2500 residents

One of the reasons for the increased numbers of homeless persons in the United States is: a resurgence of traditional relationships. a shift from an information- to a service-based economy. the number of rural residents relocating to urban areas. a shortage of affordable housing.

a shortage of affordable housing

What psychosocial development must be in place for a teen to be able to withstand pressure from peers or from a sexual partner? A strong self-identity A desire to seek control A defiance toward authority figures A desire for nurture

a strong self-identity

The use of any drug that results in a loss of control over the amount taken and when it is taken is referred to as: addiction. dependence. abuse. withdrawal.

abuse

Childhood victimization contributes to adolescent pregnancy because: physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children is more prevalent than adolescent pregnancy. it is difficult to separate childhood and adolescence on the continuum of human development. abused children may see parenting as a way to escape an abusive situation at home. abused children tend to become loving and nonabusive in relating with partners and children.

abused children may see parenting as a way to escape an abusive situation at home.

Which cause of death was a greater risk for U.S. mothers and babies in the first half of the 20th century than in the second half? Malnutrition Lack of health care Acute infection Lack of clean water

acute infection

The presence of physiological symptoms that occurs with withdrawal of a substance is referred to as: abuse. addiction. side effects. anaphylaxis.

addiction

Which of the following factors that contribute to the invulnerability or resistance of stress in children is directly attributed to the family? Availability of friends Above-average intelligence Participation in activities Adequate life setting.

adequate life setting

The systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are older is termed: racism. ageism. geriatric stigma. age bias.

ageism

Which of the conditions listed below is the most likely to occur as a consequence of homelessness? Diabetes Schizophrenia Alcoholism Hypothyroidism

alchoholism

Reactions to disaster vary according to a person's: age. cultural background. adaptability to crisis. all of the above.

all of the above

Capitated Plan

allows payment of a flat fee for each patient it covers. Under a capitation, an HMO or managed care organization pays a fixed amount of money for its members to the health care provider

Which of the following types of disasters would be least predictable? A flood A hurricane An earthquake A tornado

an earthquake

Nurses can apply knowledge of developmental tasks to the family in order to: assess family coping and provide anticipatory guidance. develop standardized care plans for family interventions. encourage adoption so that all the tasks can be completed. evaluate efficiency of community programs for families

assess family coping and provide anticipatory guidance

Mr. Spencer is receiving daily medications at the health department for tuberculosis. The community health nurse has learned that his former occupation was a biology teacher, but he is now a homeless person. In order to assess for side effects of the medications, the nurse's next action would be to: assume health education is not needed. assess the client's knowledge about the medications. dismiss him after providing appropriate literature. utilize the authoritarian approach.

assess the client's knowledge about the medications

Mr. Van Halen complains of increasing nausea, loss of sleep, and irritability in the last 2 weeks. He finds his grandson's music to be disruptive. The first thing that the nurse should do is: provide the client with ear plugs. measure the environment for level for decibels. criticize the grandson about the loud noise level. assist the client to make the environment quieter.

assist the client to make the environment quieter

Which of the following is the appropriate role of the nurse in working with a family that has lost an infant to SIDS? Explain the risk for SIDS for other children born to family. Assist the family in coping and progressing through the grief process. Provide the family empathetic support. Assure the family that this won't happen again.

assist the family in coping and progressing through the grief process

What two diseases are prevalent and serious problems in children? Asthma and melanoma Mental illness and obesity Asthma and obesity Melanoma and mental illness

asthma and obesity

An individual or group with a great probability of acquiring disease is termed: at risk. a host. susceptible. vulnerable.

at risk

Person, place, and time are key elements for: measuring a ratio. calculating rates. establishing sanitation codes. creating a capitalist health system.

calculating rate

Which of the following is the major cause of morbidity in children in the United States? Cancer Heart disease Congenital anomalies Asthma

cancer

An elderly person presenting with dizziness, fainting, and reduced effectiveness of hypertensive medication may be experiencing the effects of mixing alcohol with which of the following? Anticoagulants Antibiotics Cardiovascular medications Antidepressants

cardiovascular medications

What funding is provided by Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, which replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children? Cash assistance to cover defined emergencies Short-term help to poor families who move to obtain work Cash assistance while adults in the family are taking courses to obtain a job Short-term help to poor families when a wage earner is temporarily incapacitated

cash assistance while adults in the family are taking courses to obtain a job

The basic principles for working with older adults who have cognitive deficits include all of the following except: simplify the environment. provide structure for daily activities. change daily activities often to avoid boredom. prepare for changes in daily activities well in advance.

change daily activities often to avoid boredom

Most deaths in woman r/t...

childbirth and pregnancy

Which population is most vulnerable to environmental hazards? Adults Asian immigrants Children South American immigrants

children

The epidemiological triangle is: government, agency, and consumer. circumstance, finance, and resource. host, agent, and environment. environment, chain of contagion, and host.

circumstance, finance, resource

Ecological changes associated with human health problems include all of the following except: deforestation and subsequent exposure of farm workers to new vectors of disease. rapidly expanding urbanization resulting in vector breeding grounds in standing water and sewage. population movements into new habitats, particularly tropical forests. compliance of U.S. children wearing bicycle helmets.

compliance of US children wearing bicycle helmets

For vulnerable families, what form of targeted services has proved to be most successful? Focus on one type of problem at a time Comprehensive, community-based services Public assistance funds Education of the children

comprehensive, community-based services

Family health can be defined as: looking at the healthcare system from the bottom down. developing strategies to assist vulnerable and at-risk families. creating conditions at home that promote health and safety. valuing caring, reflective thinking, and social responsibility.

creating conditions at home that promote health and safety

Nursing care for the chronically ill or disabled child includes all of the following except: minimizing the biological effects on health and development. avoiding complications. reducing further disease manifestations. curing or correcting the disease or disability.

curing or correcting the disease or disability

What is the trend in the percentage of high school students who have had sex? Increasing Stable Fluctuating Decreasing

decreasing

To provide appropriate care for families, nurses must realize that the family of the 21st century will most likely be: step or blended. extended. defined by its members. nuclear two parent.

defined by its members

Strong communities are helpful in supporting family life. Which of the following strategies will be most useful in promoting social capital in community health practice? Recruiting nurses from other countries to work at the local hospital Developing playgrounds, associations, and opportunities for social contact Sponsoring a bake sale for the Scout troop with pies, cakes, and cookies Improving safety and collaboration between the police and fire departments

developing playgrounds, associations, and opportunities for social contact

Which of the following describes the experience of family over an individual's lifetime? Even if the family dynamics change, the family structure remains the same. Different structures are noted in the person's lifetime experience of family. The nuclear family is the strongest enduring influence in most people's lives. Family function and roles are determined by gender and developmental stage.

different structures are noted in the person's lifetime experience of family.

Over the decade of the 2000s, what is the trend of injury as the most common cause of death for children age 1 to adolescence? Up Fluctuating Down Unchanged

down

World Health Organization's goal...

efforts to eliminate and contain spread of disease.

Which of the following aggregates has the priority need for influenza vaccine? elderly and people with chronic cardiac or respiratory diseases immigrants, IV drug users, and pregnant women healthcare workers, hemophiliacs, and homosexual men workers at the water and sewer department or at day care centers

elderly and people with chronic cardiac or respiratory diseases

A goal of health policymakers regarding environmental health has been to: increase knowledge among health professionals. encourage creative potential without compromising public health and safety. empower media sources. create a balance between parties of interest.

encourage creative potential without compromising public health and safety

Multiproblem families are families that: contain several people, each of whom has at least one health problem. attribute all their problems to poverty and underemployment. contribute to problem solving in the community through their example. endure chronic problems and distrust that the community will help.

endure chronic problems and distrust that the community will help

The core concepts that most interface and overlap in order for a family to effectively fulfill its health responsibilities are: energy and motivation. energy and consciousness. motivation and consciousness. interest and capability

energy and consciousness

The freedom from illness or injury related to toxic agents and other environmental conditions that are potentially detrimental to human health is termed: environment. environmental health. environmental assessment ecological cognition.

environmental health

The study of how and why diseases and other conditions are distributed within the population is termed: epidemiology. ecology. web of causation. health promotion.

epidemiology

Within a family, what is one of the important outcomes of interactions? Encouraging or discouraging saving money A sense of competition A perception of where one stands in the family power structure Facilitating or impeding affect

facilitating or impeding affect

Community members are better off knowing as little about the details of a disaster as possible for them to function effectively. True False

false

Supporting legislation that will provide for healthcare services is a major responsibility of the family for the health of its members. True False

false

in recent years, the number of adults and elderly living in poverty has increased while the number of children living in poverty has decreased. True False

false

The group that makes up the largest percentage of the homeless population is: older men. mentally ill. families and children. persons with AIDS.

families with children

Which of the following is an example of a theoretical framework used to describe family interaction and behavior? Family systems Human energy Life cycle development Family socialization

family systems

Nursing interventions directed toward the health concerns of one family member with the other family members viewed as a support system are known as ________________ care. family-focused family-specific family-coping family-oriented

family-oriented

The visiting nurse is providing nursing care to an individual that integrates his or her family in the plan of care. This is known as: family-focused care. holistic nursing care. family-oriented care. family caregiving.

family-oriented care

The Social Security program went into effect in the United States during which of the following? World War II Great Depression Korean War Vietnam War

great depression

Compared with urban Americans, rural residents: are more likely to engage in preventive health behavior. are seen more often by a specialist rather than a general practitioner. have higher rates of chronic illness. rate their overall health status more favorably.

have higher rates of chronic illness

What forms the base of a bottom-down health system? Disease prevention Self-care Home care Health promotion

health promotion

Immunization is available for all of the following communicable diseases except: herpes. hepatitis A. hepatitis B. mumps.

herpes

Immunity is a characteristic of the: agent factor. host factor. environment. chain of contagion.

host factor

What is the name of the model that focuses on the external influences that affect families? Family systems model Layered model Human ecology model Family development model

human ecology model

Which of the following strategies would most help a high-risk or vulnerable family? Referral to all available agencies Access to healthcare facilities Improving their problem-solving abilities Utilizing neighbors and extended families

improving their problem-solving abilities

Effects of mass food production

increase risk of infxn, injury of the workers, contaminated meat

In the United States, __________ is the leading cause of morbidity and disability in children between the ages of 1 year and adolescence. injury cancer infections SIDS

injury

Quarantine differs from isolation because: quarantined people are more seriously ill than those in isolation. quarantined segregation involves discrimination and isolation does not. isolation involves separation of infected people from uninfected ones. isolation is the primary preventive intervention against epidemics of infection.

isolation involves separation of infected people from uninfected ones

The virulence of a pathogen is most directly related to: its ability to act as an agent of disease in a host. its ability to be transmitted from one person to another. its ability to multiply in the reservoir. its ability to produce serious illness in a host.

its ability to produce serious illness in a host

Early detection of pregnancy is very important among teenagers because: it reduces the likelihood of fetal exposure to environmental toxins. risky behaviors of teenagers decrease after diagnosis of pregnancy. lack of prenatal care contributes to anemia and low birth weight. denial of the pregnancy contributes to shame and poor mental health.

lack of prenatal care contributes to anemia and LBW

Migrant workers have a significantly lower than nonmigrant workers. life expectancy heart disease rate substance abuse rate respiratory disease rate

life expectancy

Of the following emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in the United States, which is categorized as food-borne by the CDC? listeriosis avian influenza giardiasis typhus

listeriosis

Needs of female teenage parents are different from male teenage parents because: boys accept that abstinence or safe sex depends on cooperation of both partners. sex can be used to compensate for low self-esteem or lack of independence. girls are more concerned about preventing pregnancy and boys about preventing disease. male partners of pregnant teenaged girls are usually 5 years older than them.

male partners of pregnant teenaged girls are usually 5 years older than them.

Of the following, which is crucial for an older adult to be able to live independently? Ability to hear Neighbors or family Mobility Ability to see

mobility

In addition to memory, which of the following is essential in the assessment of mental health in older adults? Attitude Mood Humor Values

mood

The three levels of prevention are tied to specific stages in the: epidemiologic triangle. web of causation. natural history of disease. surveillance process.

natural history of disease

What does the organization called the Nurse-Family Partnership do? Nurses respond to families who need services and refer them appropriately. Nurses make home visits over a period of 3 years from pregnancy on. Nurses identify babies at risk and arrange support groups for families. Nurses and families make a 3-year contract to lobby together for family health funding.

nurses make home visits over a period of 3 years from pregnancy on

Today, many host hold products come from...

oil

What statement accurately describes the aging process? Physical and mental functioning are directly related to the aging process. Elders are generally frail and unable to continue activities they enjoyed when younger. People become more and more like others in their age group as they grow older. Old age is a balance between gains and losses.

old age is a balance between gains and losses

Which demographic group has the highest suicide rate? Unemployed middle-aged men Middle-aged women Older adults Adolescents

older adults

What legislation in the 1960s provided a more comprehensive approach to elder care? Research on Aging Act Establishment of the National Aging Information Center Establishment of the National Eldercare Institute on Health Promotion Older Americans Act

older americans act

The term for the transfer of antibodies from mother to infant is: active immunity. passive immunity. natural immunity. horizontal transmission.

passive immunity

Temporary homelessness refers to: people who have adopted a way of life and have diminished social, financial, and family status. people who have recently become homeless but still view themselves as part of their community. people who backpack across the country for an indefinite time period with no specific destination. people who live below the poverty line who are on the verge of homelessness or may experience short periods of homelessness.

people who have recently become homeless but still view themselves as part of their community.

The rural population of the United States is more likely to be which of the following? Black or Hispanic/Latino Newcomers Poor Young

poor

Preventive support services for families include: psychotherapy, addictions counseling, and conflict management. respite care, foster care, and welfare programs. prenatal care, preschool day care, and health promotion programs. stress reduction, basic life support, and prudent heart living classes.

prenatal care, preschool day care, and help promotion programs

Highly intensive services are necessary to treat families in crisis. Which of the following interventions are most appropriate for treating a family in crisis? Building a relationship of trust through use of a strength-based approach Assuring that all eligible children receive welfare and food stamps Providing for basic human needs, like food, shelter, clothing, and safety Offering classes that teach first aid and reduce risk factors for injury

providing for basic human needs, like food, shelter, clothing, safety

All of the following are environmental hazards greatly affecting children's health except: unsafe play areas. environmental tobacco smoke. toxins such as lead or mercury. radon exposure.

radon exposure

Which of the following is an example of primary prevention for the elderly population? Regular oral and physical examinations Adherence to an appropriate medication regime Regular vision and hearing tests Regular physical exercise

regular physical exercise

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in 1970 to: create standards for workers in industrial environments. regulate and control pollution and other threats to life and the environment. create the Food and Drug Administration. provide direction for the president of the United States in responding to a global environmental crisis.

regulate and control pollution and other threats to life and the environment

All of the following are emergency support functions of the American Red Cross except: providing individual and family assistance to meet emergency needs such as food and clothing. handling inquiries from concerned family members outside the area. repairing public buildings and sewage and water systems. coordinating relief activities with other agencies in business and government.

repairing public buildings and sewage and water systems

Differences between rural homeless families and urban homeless families include all of the following except: rural families are generally homeless for a shorter period of time. rural families are more likely to stay with another family while homeless. rural families are generally homeless for a longer period of time. rural families are less likely to stay in a shelter while homeless.

rural families are less likely to stay in a shelter while homeless

Mr. Garth, a 25-year-old migrant farmer, presents to your rural clinic with facial edema and shortness of breath. He reports having been "stung by a bee" on his forehead about 20 minutes ago. You use your anaphylaxis protocol, providing care until the ambulance arrives. This is an example of: primary prevention. secondary prevention. health promotion. tertiary prevention.

secondary prevention

Crisis intervention for families: must anticipate that all families need the same things to survive. should be provided promptly at the appropriate level of intensity. must separate members of the family when any abuse occurs. should involve the participants in keeping records of their decisions.

should be provided promptly at the appropriate level of intensity

Sex education alone has not been shown to be effective in reducing adolescent pregnancy. This is because: abstinence education delays onset of sexual intercourse by only 1 year. fear of infections such as AIDS has a more significant effect on sexual behavior. sex education has been shown to increase the amount of sexual. skills in negotiation and communication enable teens to avoid unwanted sex.

skills in negotiation and communication enable teens to avoid unwanted sex

Functional assessment of the elderly should include: visual acuity, immunization, and scoliosis screening. sleeping, eating, toileting, and ambulating. hypertension, diabetes, and cholesterol screening. thinking, talking, cooking, and driving.

sleeping, eating, toileting, ambulating

Oral cancer, gum problems, tooth loss, and heart problems are common adverse health effects that occur with individuals who use which of the following? Cigarettes Cocaine Smokeless tobacco Marijuana

smokeless tobacco

Nurses working in shelters need to be prepared to deal with all of the following problems. Which of these is most common in shelter situations? Stress Communicable disease Chronic illness Injuries requiring first aid

stress

What is one consideration for nursing interventions when the issue is the adolescent father? Taking a firm stand Stressing male responsibility for supporting the mother and child financially Stressing male responsibility in birth control Keeping him away from knowledge of the risk factors for adolescent fatherhood

stressing male responsibility in birth control

The goal of primary prevention for elder maltreatment is: early case finding. support for caregivers. referral to protective services. early crisis intervention.

support for caregivers

Managed Care

system of health care in which patients agree to visit only certain doctors and hospitals, and in which the cost of treatment is monitored by a managing company.

What is functional health literacy? The ability to read and write so that health professionals can take a history The ability to understand and manage health instructions, insurance forms, and so forth. The ability to make one's own way to a health appointment The ability to look after oneself

the ability to understand and manage health instructions, insurance forms, and so forth

What is a contracting process involving a community health nurse and a family? The establishment of a time limit to a behavior by one family member that is threatening the health of the family The termination of a relationship because congruence between nurse and family does not exist and effective problem solving is not feasible The listing given to the family of suggestions on how to do things better The construction of a mutually produced contract of needs, goals, etc. and its implementation

the construction of mutually produced contract of needs, goals, etc.

During the incubation period of a communicable disease: the disease is not infectious. the disease is not symptomatic. the identified host should be quarantined. the identified host should be vaccinated.

the disease is not symptomatic

In family systems theory, structure refers to which of the following? The purpose or goals of the family The organization of relationships among family members Developmental stages characterized by major family events Collection, organization, and interpretation of family data

the organization of relationships among family members

Which of the following outcomes is most likely to prevent a repeat pregnancy in an adolescent? The teenaged mother returns to school and receives exposure to different life options. The teenaged mother was referred to a family planning clinic to obtain oral contraceptive pills. The teenaged mother marries the father of the baby and moves into an apartment with him. The teenaged mother experienced sexual abuse by a family member or partner during the pregnancy.

the teenage mother returns to school and receives exposure to different life options

What is the relationship between substance abuse and sexual activity for teens? Substance abuse promotes sexual activity. They are unrelated behaviors. They are both behaviors that attract risk-takers. Sexual activity promotes substance abuse

they are both behaviors that attract risk takers

Mr. Hufsnagle has far-advanced pulmonary tuberculosis and positive sputum; he was cared for in the home until a bed was available in the hospital. He has only completed 2 days of the prescribed treatment for tuberculosis. The community health nurse who arranged for his admission is notified that Mr. Hufsnagle has signed out of the hospital against medical advice. The nurse should first: examine her own past performance to determine how she failed in the total planning with the family. think through all the points she needs to make in helping the patient understand why he should reenter the hospital and achieve total cure. explain to the patient how his refusal to complete treatment is grounds for incarceration without his consent. tell the patient's wife to encourage his return to the hospital.

think through all the points she needs to make in helping the patient understand why he should reenter the hospital and achieve total cure.

To help individual members in a family achieve appropriate behavior across the life cycle, what is the family's task? To prevent people not in the family from interfering To keep up a family front for the neighbors To provide support appropriate to the particular situation and stage To help out with shared chores

to provide support appropriate to the particular situation and stage

The nurse asks Kara to undress Stevie so he can be examined. The best response to Kara's question about why this is necessary is: to make sure that the baby has no signs of injury such as bruising. to show her how the baby is growing and what he is able to do. to provide a thorough nursing assessment of the child each visit. to evaluate Kara for behaviors indicating maternal infant bonding.

to show her how the baby is growing and what he is able to do

List priorities in a disaster

triage, hydration, shelter, medicine, support, don't spread diseases

Adolescents experience greater health problems during pregnancy than older women. True False

true

Individuals with antisocial personality disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have a greater chance of developing alcoholism. True False

true

What concept is illustrated when a nurse instructs a client to take precautions in stripping old paint? Social justice Upstream thinking Environmental justice Ethical thinking

upstream thinking

What is a rescue fantasy? Mutual problem solving Wanting to help by telling others what to do Preferring to work in crisis mode Trying to do the impossible

wanting to help by telling others what to do

All of the following are important parts of the nursing assessment of older adults except: wardrobe preferences. sensory integrity. sleep patterns. elimination patterns.

wardrobe preferences

Aging is a different experience for men and women. Which of the following statements accurately describes these gender differences? The median annual retirement income is higher for women than for men. Most older men live alone. Women generally live an average of 7 to 9 years longer than men. Older men are diagnosed with depression at twice the rate for elderly women.

women generally live an average of 7 to 9 years longer than men

Outside the usual professional healthcare system, where can adults learn better attitudes toward health behaviors than those they learned as children? Bars Casinos Workplace Sports venues

workplace

Out-of-wedlock births are most common among: adolescent women. poor women. young adult women. poorly educated women.

young adult women