Community HESI Evolve Practice
The nurse is teaching a class about nutrition to a group of adolescents. Taking into consideration the prevalence of overweight teenagers, which is the best recommendation? "Join a gym" "Drink fewer diet sodas" "Decrease fast-food intake" "Take a multivitamin daily"
"Decrease fast-food intake" Rationale: eating a variety of healthful foods instead of a fast-food diet that is high in fat and carbohydrates helps decrease excess weight and increase energy with which to engage in physical activities. Joining a gym is expensive and unnecessary. Physical activity can be achieved in the schoolyard or at home. A multivitamin will not promote weight loss. Vitamins and minerals are best obtained in a balanced diet. Diet soft drinks do not contribute to obesity.
A home health nurse checks the client's vital signs and obtains a blood sample for an international normalized ratio (INR). After these tasks are completed, the client asks the nurse to straighten the blankets on the bed. Which response by the nurse is correct? -"I would, but my back hurts today" -"Okay, It will be my good deed for the day." -"Of course. I want to do whatever I can for you." -"I would like to, but it is not in my job description."
"Of course. I want to do whatever I can for you."
Which role does the nurse play when helping clients identify and clarify health problems and choose appropriate courses of action to solve those problems? Educator Counselor Change agent Case Manager
Counselor Rationale:
The nurse is teaching campfire safety to a group of community members and includes information about what to do if a person catches on fire. The nurse teaches the MOST effective method for putting out the flames. Which information from the group members indicates successful learning? -Wrap hand with towel and slap at the flames -Instruct the victim to roll on the ground. -Pour cold liquid over the flames -Remove the victim's burning clothes
Instruct the victim to roll on the ground Rationale: STOP, DROP, ROLL
The RN is organizing a community health care program for administering tetanus vaccinations. Which member of the health care team is MOST suitable for being delegated the task of administering vaccinations? Nursing aide Certified technician Patient care associate (PCA) Licensed practical nurse (LPN)
Licensed practical nurse (LPN) Rationale: tetanus vaccination is administered through the intramuscular route. The LPN can administer oral, topical, and IM medications, except for IV. The nursing aide, certified technician, and PCA are unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) whose scope of practice is limited for administering medications.
Under which type of health care services would the nursing student include in subacute care? Tertiary care Continuing care Restorative care Secondary acute care
Tertiary care Rationale: the nursing student would include subacute care under tertiary care. Subacute care is not a part of continuing care, restorative care, or secondary acute care health care services.
Which is the main focus of community health nursing? -to meet the acute care needs of a population -to improve the quality of health in a population -to influence political processes affecting public policies -to assess the health care needs of an individual or family
To improve the quality of health in a population Rationale: community health nursing is a nursing practice focusing on the health care of individuals, families, and groups within a community. Main focus is to improve the quality of life and health of a population by preserving, protecting, promoting, or maintaining health.
Which activity by the community nurse is an illness prevention strategy? a. Encouraging the client to exercise daily b. Arranging an immunization program for chicken pox c. Teaching community about stress management d. Teaching client about maintaining a nutritious diet
b. Arranging an immunization program for chicken pox Rationale: an illness prevention program protects people form actual or potential threats to health. A health promotion program encourages the client to maintain his or her present levels of health. The nurse promotes health of client by encouraging client to exercise daily. Wellness education teaches people how to care for themselves in a healthy manner.
Which type of crisis has occurred when a sudden terrorist act causes the deaths of thousands of adults and children and negatively affects their families, friends, communities, and the nation? a. Situation-maturational b. Situational c. Maturational d. Adventitious
d. Adventitious Rationale: adventitious crisis is a crisis or disaster that is unplanned and accidental; subcategories include natural disasters, national disasters, and crimes of violence. Retirement is an example of maturational crisis; unexpected death of a spouse is a situational crisis
The nurse at a community health care center focuses on providing primary preventive care. Which is the focus of primary preventive care? a. Rehabilitating the client b. Treating early stages of disease c. Preventing complications from illness d. Promoting health in healthy individuals
d. Promoting health in healthy individuals Rationale: Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to client considered physically and emotionally healthy. Health education programs, immunizations, and physical and nutritional fitness activities are primary prevention activities. Secondary preventive care focuses on individuals who are experiencing health problems and involves treating clients in the early stages of disease. Tertiary preventive care occurs when an individual has a permanent or irreversible disability.