Community planning and development
asset based development
40 developmental assets for adolescents
Community
a geographical area with some identifiable boundaries, where the units (e.g. people, businesses, organization, engage in some form of interaction that persist over time and that is held together by an integrative mechanism (e.g. race, ethnicity, faith, stage in life cycle, gender, etc.)
empowerment
a multi-dimensional social process that helps people gain control over their own lives. It is a process that fosters power in people for use in their own lives, their communities and in their society, by acting on issues they define as important.
community development
a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes participative democracy, sustainable development, rights, economic opportunity, equality and social justice, through the organization, education and empowerment of people within their communities, whether these be of locality, identity or interest, in urban and rural (source: international association for community development)
community planning and development
a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes participative democracy, sustainable development, rights, economic opportunity, equality and social justice, through the organization, education and empowerment of people within their communities, whether these be of locality, identity or interest, in urban and rural settings
Development
a process of change, acquiring new and or different abilities, potential increases and changes
community development
a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems
internal assets
commitment to learning, positive values, social competencies, and positive identities.
Planning
determining a set of goals, objectives and the way to achieve the goals and objectives.
environmental injustice
ex. Flint, Michigan and East Chicago. children affected by contaminated water.
empowerment in block by block
- South central los Angeles - in civil unrest struggles to recover. Community groups draw people together to dream, hope, and work. There was a beautiful building that got built in the middle of the neighborhood. The community group got this done. The key to preserving the investment in good property management. Gave the community a sense of empowerment because it helped people gain control over their own lives. This made people realize that development was possible and it changed the communities' mentality from negative to positive. The change in the appearance of the community empowered the people of the Los Angeles area and influenced them to renovate the ghetto even more. ECI in Indianapolis put a 1000 volunteers to work that put them to work to build several structures and a community back up again. People begin to understand poverty in a whole different aspect. Helping people who can't afford to get it done, which gave the area and people capacity building. Replacing windows, roofing, doors, and other structures to people's homes. It helps the working poor obtain an asset, a home, and a bank account to build a future. Trying to create assets for the poor by providing assets to the poor. It is organizaed and these volunteers meet to better the community. This gave people a chance to gain control of their lives. AND also allows people to create custom cabinets and furniture. The people that are working are people that have been given a second chance and they have been given the belief that they have a sense of importance again. Gave people a sense of empowerment. Bank in the south shore of chicago have allowed 8000 homes to be built and provided thousands of families with homes. gave people hope because of the amount of traffic and people that were going in and out of the city. The bank gave the people a sense of empowerment.
capacity building
The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development has this for community corporations
urban
a geographical area having a relatively high population, relatively high density, and diversity.
environmental justice
Ex. EPA has this goal for all communities and persons across this Nation. It will be achieved when everyone enjoys the same degree of protection from environmental and health hazards and equal access to the decision-making process to have a healthy environment in which to live, learn, and work.
social capital
It works through information flows, norms of reciprocity, collective action upon social networks, and broader identities and solidarity translate I into We mentality.
capacity building in block by block
South Bronx represents the revitalization of what can happen across the nation. There are desires to hope there. A cdc has revitalized a building in order to give homeless people a shelter. Corporations can make a difference by investing in these neighborhoods. This describes capacity building because these high power corporations have the ability to produce goods and services for the community. This cdc converted a decatyed building into living space for moderate to low income people to live and reside in. increased interest in major corporations and business institutions. Are the risks of revitalizing a place worth the returns. In this case it was. Concord is a CDC that started construction in the Southside of Indianapolis. The CDC gained capacity building through public and private funds to establish two new homes. The people became excited here and it gave the neighborhood a kickstart. Newark community teamed up with path mark stores to get together to set up a venture in order to provide goods and services to the community. The store brought millions of dollars back into the community.
capacity building
The ability to produce goods and services
social capital in block by block
The best way to transform a city is by doing it block by block and using bottom up planning to gain the trust of the people. Ex. The enterprise foundation started by gathering a couple of residents together and calling an open public meeting in Sandtown, Baltimore, which is an area of much crime and poverty. 450 people came to the meeting; the change of inner cities starts with the people and then it is the cities top officials' duties to get involved and influence change. The building of houses in a community is a major kick start to the community and it sends a message that poverty is only temporary. This is an example of social capital because it involves the interconnection between networks and the gain in trust and cooperation between organizations and people in order to further develop the community. Worked from the bottom up, and got to people block by block. They had block captains tried to limit the amount of crime and to get on board with the new initiative. Block by block they are changing the community. In Newark, New Jersey a church group got together every week to ensure that the community would continue to improve. When people come out of their houses and join the community, they gain a sense of social capital. The reciprocity, trust, cooperation, and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for the common good. This is a key element in community development because of the trust and organization that is formed within a community. Set up day care units. Bill Linder was the leading priest who gave the people a sense of empowerment. wanted a long term commitment. 1400 people work now within the city. Examples in block by block of adapting to the type of the community and culture. An example of how culture influences the community is Chinatown and the types of goods and services you build around a community. Gives the community a network.
Asset Based Development institute
The center for civic engagement is Northwestern University
Intro on Streets of Hope
The movement is bottom-up and 100% resident led. Aimed at rebuilding the neighborhood that is led by 3 elements: pride, organizing, and a unified vision. This created a comprehensive community development. The crisis that Dudley Street went through: In 1950 disinvestment occurred and by 1980 1/3 of Dudley's land was vacant. This became a dumping ground for trash, buildings were abandoned, land was vacant, etc. The area was not minority when disinvestment first occurred, which meant that minorities were not the cause of disinvestment. What caused disinvestment: redlined by banks, government, and insurance companies which means the refusal to deliver services to specific areas. These three entities took all of the resources out of Dudley until a self fulfilling prophecy of decline and devaluation started. Dudley was struck by an earthquake that caused the stripping of jobs, homes, and government services. People with Solutions (3-4)- shows how effective community development begins. Inner city residents have solutions through using the 3 elements. The Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative (DSNI) challenges those who see inner city residents as people who only have problems, not solutions. Through recognizing and reinforcing the resources the community has available to them, they can begin community development. The DSNI is an intergenerational organization that is diverse and encourages positive power. How it started: started by a campaign called Don't' Dump on Us. Organized 100s of residents. Forced the gvt. to respond. Then they turned to top down planning which challenged the city to do certain things with their city. They built their own bottom up vision and redevelopment plan and then worked with the city to implement it. This was the first neighborhood to gain eminent domain. These big changes did not happen in the blink of an eye. It took time and man power to see results. Re-membering (5-6)- Paul Bothwell is one of the DSNI's main activists and he compares re-membering to a recovery he went through when he smashed his face during a bike accident. It is a long, step-by-step process of being put back together again piece by piece. He then Talks about how the community wasn't shattered, it was dismembered. The re-membering begins with finding the heart and soul of the neighborhood, and then pulling all the other parts together from that until eventually it starts to grow. re-membering means putting together the broken pieces that are scattered until they are all picked up and something new emerges. He ends the section with together we'll find a way. Reference to pg. 2 environmental injustice. Addresses systems that create poverty Organizing and planning are the keys to developing a successful community To sum up the first 6 pages- the goal is through much negativity, they are trying to to gain as many positives and fair opportunities in their neighborhood. It didn't happen all at once, it was a piece by piece effort that took a lot of time. The fact that re-membering is getting all members of the community on track to rebuild the community around them to make it suitable and enjoyable to live in.
Social Capital
is a form of economic and cultural capital in which social networks are central, transactions are marked by reciprocity, trust, and cooperation, and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for a common good. Ex. when a group of neighbors informally keep an eye on one another's homes, email exchanges among members of a cancer support group. Can be found in neighborhoods, churches, schools
Asset Based Development
is a methodology for the sustainable development of communities based on their strengths and potentials. It involves assessing the resources, skills, and experience available in a community; organizing the community around issues that move its members into action; and then determining and taking appropriate action.
social capital
is that social networks have value. It refers to the collective value of all "social networks" [who people know] and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other ["norms of reciprocity"].
Section 4 program
known as the capacity building for affordable housing and community development program. It enhances the capacity and ability of community development corporations and community housing development organizations to carry out community development and affordable housing activities that benefit low income persons.
external assets
support, empowerment, boundaries and expectations, and constructive use of time.
environmental justice
the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.
Community planning and development
to develop viable communities by promoting integrated approaches that provide decent housing, a suitable living environment, and expand economic opportunities for low- and moderate-income persons. The primary means toward this end is the development of partnerships among all levels of government and the private sector, including for-profit and nonprofit organizations. Source: U.S. Department and Housing and Urban Development.
