Competency 9 Quiz

Functions of an Operating System

Memory Management Processor Management Device Management File Management Security Control over system performance Job accounting Error detecting aids Coordination between other software and users

Device Management

OS manages device communication via their respective drivers. *keeps track of all devices. Program responsible for this task known as the I/O controller. *decides which process gets the device when and for how long *allocates the device in the efficient way *de-allocates devices

Citing Sources

The basic format structure: Issuing Agency (or publication name) Standard Number Standard Title Publication Date Specific Version

Inquiry

The inquiry approach is more focused on using and learning content as a means to develop information-processing and problem-solving skills. The system is more student centered, with the teacher as a facilitator of learning.

Keyword Searching (Research & Information fluency)

The student acquires, analyzes, manages content from digital resources. *Type words into the database search window *Computers index "significant" words in databases in the title, summary, subject or even the text fields of a record or article (become searchable). Disadvantage only find records that contain the terms you type. Also finds many more records than you want.

Productivity Tools

create and edit files. *a word processing document using digital typography standards such as page layout, font formatting, paragraph formatting *spreadsheet workbook using advanced computational and graphic components such as complex formulas, basic functions, data types, and chart generation *a database by manipulating components such as defining fields, entering data, and designing layouts appropriate for reporting * digital publication using relevant publication standards

Creative Commons & Open source (Digital Citizenship)

forged alliances with over 120 major content partners to provide a single point of access through which educators and learners can search across collections to access over 30,000 items, find and provide descriptive information about each resource, and retrieve the ones they need. These resources are publicly available for all to use principally through Creative Commons licensing. Open educational resources (OERs) are learning materials that can be modified and enhanced because their creators have given others permission to do so

Infographic (critical thinking)

http://critical-thinkers.com/2012/10/critical-thinking-infographic/ct-infographic-2012/

Practice safe online behavior

http://www.educationworld.com/a_tech/responsible-student-technology-use.shtml

Manage Project-Based Learning

https://www.edutopia.org/blog/20-tips-pbl-project-based-learning-educators-andrew-miller

application and a software program

https://www.ukessays.com/essays/computer-science/differences-between-operating-systems-and-application-software-computer-science-essay.php

a new digital product

integrate two or more technology tools

Research and Information fluency

knowledge and skills The student locates, analyzes, processes and organizes data a.) construct appropriate electronic search strategies b.) use a variety of resources, including other subject areas, together with various productivity tools to gather authentic data as a basis for individual and group programming projects

Database

manipulate components such as entering and searching for relevant data

Subject Searching (Research & Information fluency)

only search the subject field of database records. (records assigned subject headings from a thesaurus) * provides a list of subject terms and suggested terms for narrower, broader, or related topics ex: subject: cellphone listings: cellphone, cell-phone, cell phone, cellular phones, cellular telephones Advantage: results will be very reliable Disadvantage: Subject terms may vary from one database to another.

Truncation (Research & Information fluency)

placing a symbol (*asterick-wildcard symbol) to the end of a word, allows you to search the "root" of a word to find all its different endings. Example: Looking for information "the banking industry" bank* = Finds: bank banks banking bankers bankruptcy *saves time, don't have to repeat searches with multiple variations of the same word *broaden a search

Digital Learning Tools

refers to learning technologies used in the classroom to enhance visualization, facilitate knowledge mapping, integrate games into learning, and conduct experiments via remote laboratories * Personal networks to collaborate with peers, experts, or others using blogs, wikis, audio/video communication, etc (Integrated into the curriculum, it extends learning in powerful ways)

Public Domain

A public domain work is a creative work that is not protected by copyright which means it's free for you to use without permission. Works in the public domain are those whose intellectual property rights have expired, have been forfeited, or are inapplicable. Examples include the works of Shakespeare and Beethoven, The King James Bible, most of the early silent films, the formulae of Newtonian physics, and the patents on powered flight

software applications

A small specialized software program downloaded onto mobile devices to run in them. *for a defined task Ex: Edmodo and eClicker are two of the most popular apps for the classroom.

Technology (project base learning)

An important tool used to enhance instructional practices, learning, and curricular planning Meet individual needs within a large group setting and allows for creative products Access personal and professional tools frequently, integrating latest tech into instruction , and attending professional workshops Develop problem solving skills allowing students to create solutions to relevant issues

Nesting (Research & Information fluency)

Complex Searching allows you to place parentheses () around strings of searches using Boolean operators Example: wanted articles about the geology in Utah, Colorado, or Nevada, a nested search using parantheses and Boolean operators... Search geolog* and (utah or colorado or nevada) Examples: baseball and (dodgers or yankees) "computer crimes" and (Russian or soviet)

Selection criteria of a Software

Congruence with the goals and objectives Students strengths and needs Interactive- student interaction, interactive means that it must illustrate the main points, then ask for responses from the students Learner control of screens and pacing Students' learning styles or preferred modalities Appropriate sequence of instruction Student interest and motivation Age appropriate Immediate feedback

Equity and Equality

Equity and equality are two strategies we can use in an effort to produce fairness. Equity is giving everyone what they need to be successful. Equality is treating everyone the same. Equality aims to promote fairness, but it can only work if everyone starts from the same place and needs the same help. Some students have no access to tech, teacher must provide alternative access to said tech resources to maintain equity in access to learning materials *Teacher must ensure equity in access to technology, e.g. Homework that requires internet connection at home.

Rubric grading system

Evaluate student products Establish criteria and provide clear expectations to all participants, creating a more objective grading method Applied consistently w/o bias

Processor Management

In multi-programming environment, OS decides which process get the processor when and for how much time. *Keeps tracks of processor and status of process. (traffic controller) *Allocates the processor (CPU) to a process *De-allocates the processor when a process is no longer required

Special Education (laws)

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the Texas Education Code (TEC), and the Texas Administrative Code (TAC), which is the Commissioner's and State Board of Education (SBOE) Rules http://framework.esc18.net/Documents/Side_by_Side.pdf

Fair use (copyright issues)

Is any copying of copyrighted material done for a limited and transformative purpose such as to comment upon, criticize, or parody a copyrighted work. Such uses can be done without permission from the copyright owner A single copy A chapter from a book An article from a journal or newspaper A short story short essay short poem whether or not from a collective work A chart graph drawing cartoon picture from a book periodical or newspaper

Experiential Learning

It supports students in applying their knowledge and conceptual understanding to real-world problems or situations where the instructor directs facilitates learning. *In the classroom, laboratory, or studio for learning through embedded activities such as case and problem-based studies, guided inquiry, simulations, experiments, authentic situations or art projects. *Motivates students (see the relevance of; provide opportunities for practice and feedback) *Creates self-directed learners (reflect on prior knowledge to understand new info)

What are the six strands based on the National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS.S) and performance indicators developed by the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE)?

Knowledge & Skills 1. Creativity and Innovation 2. Communication and Collaboration 3. Research and Information Fluency 4. Critical thinking, Problem Solving, and decision making 5. Digital Citizenship 6. Technology Operations and Concepts

Limiters

Many databases and search engines allow you to limit searches to specific criteria such as format, language, publication date, and periodical title. Ex: the Academic Search Premier database provides several useful limiters, *full text- limit results to articles with full text peer reviewed-limit search result to articles from peer reviewed journals *serial title- enter a journal/magazine name to limit results articles only from that title. Limiting will NARROW your results.

Constructivist Learning

Piaget's theory based on how people learn. People construct their own understand and knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences.

Project-based Learning

Project based learning has students involved in explaining their answers to real-life questions or challenges. A project's driving question or challenge is so deep that it requires students to create an end product and share their conclusions with others. Instead of traditional projects that come at the end of a unit of study, project-based learning has the project introduced at the beginning of the unit. The project gives students a reason for learning the content and a venue for practicing 21st century skills.

Drill and practice (software type)

Promotes the acquisition of knowledge or skill through repetitive practice Good for the students who needs to practice a newly learned content It gives immediate feedback so students know if they choose to correct answer Reinforcement tool (Not for learning a new subject) Good for mastering/practicing acquired knowledge

Authentic Situations

Engage in formal, guided authentic, real-world experiences individuals: *deepen their knowledge through repeatedly acting and then reflecting on this action *develop skills through practice and reflection *support the construction of new understanding when placed in new situations *extend their learning as they bring heir learning back to the classroom

Database (Office tools)

Ms access Store data Keep track of the data Attendance Student records

Word processing (Office Tools)

Write an essay, report Edit a text Polish assignments, essays, reports etc

Tutorials (software type)

A step above drill and practice b/c they also include explanations and information It is often used for remedial work as a supplement for instruction, or presenting new information or skills in a series of steps that progress through levels of difficulty and understanding Ex Khan Academy

Citation (copyright issues)

A way of telling your readers that certain material came from another source Helps readers to find that source again -information about the author -the name and location of the company that published your copy of the source -the date the copy was published -the page numbers of the material you are borrowing Plagiarism is forbidden

File Management

An OS file system is normally organized into directories for easy navigation and usage. (directories may contain files and other directions) *Keeps track of information, location, uses, status, etc. The collective facilities are known as file system *Decides who gets the resources *allocates the resources *de-allocates the resources

4 of 6 Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Decision Making (TEKS K-5)

Knowledge and Skills The Student applies critical-thinking skills to solve problems, guide research, and evaluate projects using digital tools and resources. The student is expected to: A.) identify what is known and unknown and what needs to be known regarding a problem and explain the steps to solve the problem (K-5) B.) evaluate products prior to final submission (k-2) C.) evaluate student-created products through self and peer review for relevance to the assignment or task (3-5) D.) evaluate technology tools applicable for solving problems (3-5) D.) collect, analyze, and represent data using tools such as word processing, spreadsheets, graphic organizers, charts, multimedia, simulations, models, and programming languages (K-5)

Evaluate various types of digital resources (for accuracy & validity)

Content Authority - Is the page provided by an organization with authority such as a known institution of higher education, a governmental body, or a professional association? Sites such as those provided by the United States Centers for Disease Control (link is external) and Harvard University obviously have authority and are likely to contain reliable information. If there is a personal author or some or all of the material, are the credentials of the author given, and if so, are they sufficient to convince you that he or she is a reliable source of information on this subject? Verifiability/Accuracy - Are there many obvious factual inaccuracies and/or grammar or spelling errors? Is it possible to verify non-published information by contacting the source? Can the information be verified in other published, reliable sources? Currency - Is there a publication date, and if so, is the information too old to be useful? Can you determine when or how often the page is revised? Bias - Is bias hidden by not identifying the author, organization or publishing body? Does the page present an authoritative position, whether conventionally accepted, controversial, or politically influenced? Audience - What is the intended audience for the Web site? Purpose - Is the Web site intended to be educational, informational or entertaining? Does it succeed? How does it compare to other Internet and print sources covering the same information? Access Searching - If appropriate, does the site provide a mechanism for searching the content of the site? How well does it work? Organization - How clear or confusing is the site? Is it well-organized? Can you reach the information you need easily, with a minimum of movement between different "levels"? Stability - Does the URL change frequently? If changes are made, is the new address made easily available? Links - Are appropriate, working links provided? Are the links annotated? Design Construction - Is the page easily navigated, or are you forced to scroll through pages of text? Are there sections "under construction" or otherwise not working? Instructions - Are essential instructions available and easily understood? Graphics - Do graphic elements add to the page or distract from its content? Are the graphics relevant and/or useful?

Simulation

Creativity and innovation. The student uses creative thinking and innovative processes to construct knowledge, generate new ideas, and create products. The students experience the reality of the scenario and gather meaning from it (artificial representation of a real world). *It is a form of experiential learning. *Fits well with student centered and constructivist learning and teaching.

2 of 6 Communication & Collaboration (TEKS K-5)

Knowledge and Skills Students communicate and collaborate both locally and globally to reinforce and promote learning using digital tools and resources to reinforce and promote learning. A.) use communication tools that allow for anytime, anywhere access to interact collaborate, or publish with peers locally and globally (K-2) A.) draft, edit, and publish products in different media individually and collaboratively (3-5) B.) participate in digital environments to develop cultural understanding by interacting with learners of multiple cultures (K-2) C.) format digital information, including font attributes, color, white space, graphics, and animation, for a defined audience and communication medium (K-2); multiple communication media, including monitor display, web, and print (3-5) C.) collaborate effectively through personal learning communities and social environments (3-5) D.) select, store, and deliver products using a variety of media, formats, devices, and virtual environments (K-2) D.) select and use appropriate collaboration tools (3-5) E.) evaluate the product for relevance to the assignment or task (3-5) F.) perform basic software application functions, including opening applications and creating, modifying, printing, and saving files.

1 of 6 Creativity & Innovation (TEKS K-5))

Knowledge and Skills Students use creative thinking and innovative processes to construct knowledge and develop digital products. Students are expected to: A.) apply prior knowledge to develop new ideas, products, and processes. (K-2) B.) create original products using a variety of resources (K-5) C.) explore virtual environments, simulations, models, and programming languages to enhance learning (K-2) C.) use virtual environments to explore systems and issues (3-5) D.) create and execute steps to accomplish a task; and evaluate and modify steps to accomplish a task (K-2)

6 of 6 Technology Operations and Concepts (TEKS K-5)

Knowledge and Skills The student demonstrates knowledge and appropriate use of technology systems, concepts, and operations. Students are expected to: A.) use appropriate terminology regarding basic hardware, software applications, programs, networking, virtual environments, and emerging technologies (K-2) A.) demonstrate an understanding of technology concepts, including terminology for the use of operating systems, network systems, virtual systems, and learning systems appropriate for grades (3-5) B.) use appropriate digital tools and resources for storage, access, file management, collaboration, and designing solutions to problems (K-2) B.) manipulate files using appropriate using appropriate naming conventions; file management, including folder structures and tagging; and file conversions (3-5) C.) perform basic software application functions, including opening an application and creating, modifying, printing, and saving files (K-2) C.) navigate systems and applications accessing peripherals both locally and remotely (3-5) D.) use a variety of input, output, storage devices (K-5) D.) troubleshoot minor technical problems with hardware and software using available resources such as online help and knowledge bases (3-5) E.) use proper keyboarding techniques such as ergonomically correct hand and body positions appropriate for Kindergarten-Grade 2 learning (K-2) correct hand and body positions and smooth and rhythmic keystrokes (3-5) F.) demonstrate keyboarding techniques for operating the alphabetic, numeric, punctuation, and symbol keys appropriate for Kindergarten-Grade 2 (K-2) G.) use the help feature online in applications (K-2)

1 of 6 Creativity and Innovation (TEKS Middle School)

Knowledge and Skills The student uses creative thinking and innovative processes to construct knowledge, generate new ideas, and create products . A.)

Creativity & Innovation

Knowledge and Skills a.) investigate various career opportunities w/n computer science b.)create and publish interactive stories, games, and animations (& interactive ones) c.) create algorithms for the solution of various problems e.) create web pages using a mark-up language f.)use the internet to create and publish solutions g.) design creative and effective user interfaces (enter commands in a program) *command line. *graphical user interface (GUI) *menu driven. *form based. *natural language.

5 of 6 Digital Citizenship (TEKS K-5)

Knowledge and Skills The student practices safe, responsible legal, and ethical behavior while using digital tools and resources. The student is expected to: A.) adhere to acceptable use policies (AUP) reflecting appropriate behavior in a digital environment (K-2) A.) adhere to acceptable use policies reflecting positive social behavior in the digital environment (3-5) B.) comply with acceptable digital safety rules, fair use guidelines, and copyright laws (K-2) B.) respect the intellectual property of others (3-5) C.) practice the responsible use of digital information regarding intellectual property, including software, text, images, audio and video (K-5) C.) abide by copyright law and the Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia (3-5) D.) protect and honor the individual privacy of oneself and others (3-5) E.) follow the rules of digital etiquette (3-5) F.) practice safe, legal, and responsible use of information and technology (3-5) G.) comply with fair use guidelines and digital safety rules (3-5)

3 of 6 Research and Information Fluency (TEKS K-5))

Knowledge and skills The student acquires and evaluates digital content. The student is expected to: A.) use search strategies to access information to guide inquiry (K-2). A.) Various search strategies such as keyword(s); the Boolean identifiers and, or, and not, and other strategies appropriate to specific search engines (3-5) B.) use research skills to build a knowledge base regarding a topic, task, or assignment (K-2) B.) collect and organize information from a variety of formats, including text, audio, video, and graphics (3-5) C.) evaluate the usefulness of acquired digital content (K-2) C.) validate and evaluate the relevance and appropriateness of information (3-5) D.) acquire information to specific tasks (3-5)

Digital Citizenship

Knowledge and skills The student explores and understands safety, legal, cultural, and societal issues relating to the use of technology and information. The student is expected to: (A) discuss copyright laws/issues and model ethical acquisition of digital information by citing sources using established methods; (B) demonstrate proper digital etiquette and knowledge of acceptable use policies when using networks, especially resources on the Internet and on intranets; (C) investigate measures such as passwords or virus detection/prevention to protect computer systems and databases from unauthorized use and tampering; (D) understand the safety risks associated with the use of social networking sites; (E) discuss the impact of computing and computing related advancements on society; and (F) determine the reliability of information available through electronic media.

Critical thinking, problem solving, and decision making

Knowledge and skills The student uses appropriate strategies to analyze problems and design algorithms a.) demonstrate the ability to insert applets into webpages (B) find, download, and insert scripting code into web pages to enhance interactivity; (C) understand binary representation of data in computer systems, perform conversions between decimal and binary number systems, and count in binary number systems; (D) read and define a problem's description, purpose, and goals; (E) demonstrate coding proficiency in a contemporary programming language by developing solutions that create stories, games, and animations; (F) choose, identify, and use the appropriate data type to properly represent data in a problem solution; (G) demonstrate an understanding of and use variables within a programmed story, game, or animation; (H) demonstrate proficiency in the use of arithmetic operators to create mathematical expressions, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, real division, integer division, and modulus division; (I) demonstrate an understanding of and use sequence within a programmed story, game, or animation; (J) demonstrate an understanding of and use conditional statements within a programmed story, game, or animation; (K) demonstrate an understanding of and use iteration within a programmed story, game, or animation; (L) create an interactive story, game, or animation; (M) use random numbers within a programmed story, game, or animation; and (N) test program solutions by investigating valid and invalid data.

Critical thinking questions

Let's take the driving question, "What if we had a chicken house at our school?" Students might brainstorm branching questions like: What do chickens eat? How often do they eat? How large of a house do they need? Does the house need to have different rooms? Do chickens fight with each other? How many eggs will they lay? In project based learning, the teacher would not provide the answers to these questions. The teacher doesn't cover the content. He or she guides students to interpret answers they discover themselves.

Spreadsheet (office tools)

MS Excel Charts Graphics Formulas- produce a total averages grading basic computational and graphic components such as basic formulas and functions, data types, and chart generation

Desktop publishing (office tools)

Ms publisher Desktop brochures Design webpages Flyers, invitations Flexible layout

Boolean Operators (Research & Information fluency)

can be placed between your search terms to narrow or expand a search, or to exclude search terms. And- or- Not Example 1: Your topic is "how exercise and health are related" http://www.li.suu.edu/research-tips/images/AND.gif *Both Search Terms present *Narrows your search *more terms you combine with AND, fewer the records you will retrieve. Example 2: Looking for "information on salary" http://www.li.suu.edu/research-tips/images/OR.gif *Retrieve records with either search term present *OR is used to EXPAND your search *More records you will find with OR Example 3: Topic is about bears, but not grizzly bears http://www.li.suu.edu/research-tips/images/NOT.gif *Retrieve records with ONLY ONE search term present. Bears will be found, but the term grizzly will not *NOT is used to NARROW your search by eliminating term

Visual/activity for the slide before

https://www.slideshare.net/shaharizanhassan/module5-input-output-storage-devices https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fbam.files.bbci.co.uk%2Fbam%2Flive%2Fcontent%2Fz8rmsbk%2Flarge&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Feducation%2Fguides%2Fzxgkxnb%2Frevision&docid=j5Tl8aaJZ1WquM&tbnid=cvn4xTef-0xH7M%3A&vet=10ahUKEwigqMmyrIzVAhVp7IMKHTvtD2YQMwhTKB0wHQ..i&w=624&h=466&bih=463&biw=994&q=visual%20of%20input%20output%20primary%20secondary%20storage%20devices&ved=0ahUKEwigqMmyrIzVAhVp7IMKHTvtD2YQMwhTKB0wHQ&iact=mrc&uact=8

Memory Management

Provides a fast storage that can be accessed by the CPU. following activities: *keeps track of primary memory *multi-programming, OS decides which process will get memory when and how much *Allocates the memory *De-allocates the memory when a process no longer needs it or has been terminated

Hardware Systems

Refer to Orig. Comp. 9

Troubleshooting techniques

Restarting systems checking power issues resolving software compatibility verifying network compatibility connecting to remotes resources modifying display properties

Operating system

interface between a computer user and computer hardware. An operating system is a software which performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/operating_system/images/conceptual_view.jpg Some popular Operating Systems include Linux, Windows, OS X, VMS, OS/400, AIX, z/OS, etc.

Other important activities (Operating System Performs)

Security- password and similar other techniques, it prevents unauthorized access to programs and data Control over system performance- records delays between request for a service and response from the system Job accounting-keeping track of time and resources used by various jobs and users Error detecting aids- production of dumps, traces, error messages, and other debugging and error detecting aids Coordination between other software and users- Coordination and assignment of compilers, interpreters, assemblers and other software to the various users of computer systems.

Communication & Collaboration

The student communicates and collaborates with peers to contribute to his or her own learning and the learning of others a.) seek and respond to advice from peers and professional in evaluating problem solutions b.) debug solve problems using reference materials and effective strategies c.) publish information in a variety of ways such as print, monitor display, webpages, and video

Technology Operations and concepts

The student understands technology concepts, systems, and operations as they apply to computer science. The student is expected to: MUST KNOW CREATE FLASH CARDS (BELOW) (A) demonstrate knowledge of the basic computer components, including a central processing unit (CPU), storage, and input/output devices; (B) use operating system tools, including appropriate file management; (C) demonstrate knowledge and appropriate use of different operating systems; (D) demonstrate knowledge and understanding of basic network connectivity; (E) describe, compare, and contrast the differences between an application and an operating system; and (F) compare, contrast, and appropriately use various input, processing, output, and primary/secondary storage devices.

Technical writing

Think of Audience, Purpose, Language, Visual Design Review the ways that students can add pictures to their work on Microsoft word or Publisher inserting Clip Art images. drawing diagrams of their items using the computer or drawing by hand. labeling parts or connecting the diagrams to the instructions. importing images taken with a digital camera.

I-charts

This guide introduces I-Charts, a strategy that enables students to generate meaningful questions about a topic and organize their writing. examine a topic through integrating prior knowledge on the topic with additional information found from a variety of sources. The I-Chart strategy consists of activities meant to engage and aid students in evaluating a given topic: 1) Planning, 2) Interacting, and 3) Integrating/Evaluating. I-Charts can be used with individuals, small groups, or the entire class, and are meant to strengthen reading skills and foster critical thinking. used to differentiate instruction for each student's needs, An assessment tool to measure student understanding of a given topic.

Phrase Searching (Research & Information Fluency)

a way of retrieving records containing specific phrases. most databases require "" around the phrase. *locate only records contain the words in the particular order in which they appear