Computer Concepts Mid-Term

record or row

Bryan has just started an internship in which he uses a database frequently. The database contains information about the company's employees. Bryan's supervisor senses that he is anxious about using the database and drops by to give him a short tutorial. The supervisor explains that each employee's information forms a separate _______________.

cloud operating system

Chrome OS is the first _______________________________

mouse

Common input devices include the keyboard, ________, and integrated video cameras

smart appliances

Computing technologies make it possible to have __________________, traditional appliances with some type of built-in computer or communications technology.

infrared

Conventional CD discs use _______________ lasers

True

Tablet computers are typically about the size of a notebook computer and are designed to be used with a digital pen/stylus or touch input

true color images

The JPEG images taken by most digital cameras today use 24-bit ______________________.

control unit

The ____________________ directs the flow of electronic traffic within the core, much like a traffic cop controls the flow of vehicles on a roadway.

vacuum tubes

The first computers were powered by thousands of ________________________ that needed to be constantly replaced, required a great deal of electricity, and generated a lot of heat.

True

The process of representing data in a form that can be understood by a digital computer is called "Digital Data Representation".

query

A ______ is a question, or, in database terms, a request for specific information from the database.

mouse

A __________ typically rests on the desk or other flat surface close to the user's computer, and it is moved across the surface with the user's hand in the appropriate direction to point to and select objects on the screen.

storage server

A ________________ is a separate piece of hardware containing multiple high-speed hard drives.

storage device

A storage medium is inserted into its corresponding __________________ in order to be read from or written to.

True

A utility program is a software program that performs a specific task, usually related to managing or maintaining a computer system. There are many stand-alone utility programs available as an alternative to the operating system's built in utility programs.

True

Although Linux originally used a command line interface, most recent versions of Linux programs use a graphical user interface.

folder

Although both the user and the computer use drive letters, _____________ names, and filenames to save and retrieve documents, they perceive them differently.

True

Barcode Readers use either light reflected from the barcode or imaging technology to interpret the bars contained in the barcode as the numbers or letters they represent. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags contain tiny chips and radio antennas that can be attached to objects, such as products. Whenever an RFID-tagged item is within range of an RFID reader (up to 300 feet or more, depending on the type of tag and the radio frequency being used), the tag's built-in antenna allows the information located within the RFID tag to be sent to the reader. So unlike barcodes, RFID tags only need to be within range (not within line of sight) of a reader.

cleanup

Dean has been using computers for some time now, but he is unfamiliar with a number of utility programs. In order to better maintain his computer, he decides to ask his coworker Andrea for advice on basic utility programs. Andrea advises Dean to remove unnecessary programs from his computer by using a(n) ____________utility.

disk defragmentation

Dean has been using computers for some time now, but he is unfamiliar with a number of utility programs. In order to better maintain his computer, he decides to ask his coworker Andrea for advice on basic utility programs. Andrea tells Dean that he should periodically perform _________________ on his computer to optimize the hard drive so that it works more efficiently. This process works by rearranging the data on the hard drive so all files are stored in contiguous locations.

True

Each pixel in a monochrome graphic can be only one of two possible colors (such as black or white).

True

First-generation computers were enormous in size, powered by thousands of glass vacuum tubes, and could solve only one problem at a time. Second-generation computers began when the transistor—a small device made of semiconductor material that acts like a switch to open or close electronic circuits—started to replace the vacuum tube. Third-generation computers The replacement of the transistor with integrated circuits (ICs) on a single tiny silicon chip. Fourth-generation computers witnessed the invention of the microprocessor, and the development of computer networks, wireless technologies, and the Internet. Fifth-generation computers are most commonly defined as those that are based on artificial intelligence.

read/write heads

Hard disks are permanently sealed inside the hard drive case, along with the _______________________ and an access mechanism.

backbone network

ISP servers are continually connected to a larger network, called a regional network, which, in turn, is connected to one of the major high-speed networks within a country, called a(n) ______________________ network.

metadata

If a document has been manually or automatically assigned ____________ tags (information about the file, such as author, artist, or keywords), some search programs can search by those tags as well

transistors

Integrated circuits contain interconnected components such as _____________ that enable electrical current to perform particular functions.

True

Larger computers—such as high-end servers, mainframes, and supercomputers—sometimes use operating systems designed solely for that type of system.

headsets or headphones

Lisa is a student who regularly uses the computers at her local Internet café to listen to music, talk to her friends and family through the Internet, and play computer games. The Internet café has recently enacted a new policy that says that all users must use the ___________ or ______________ attached to their computers when carrying out activities on the computer that will provide sound, so as to not disturb the other users.

logical drives

Partitions are sometimes referred to as ____________________.

HTML, XHTML, and JavaScript

Sarah is a busy real estate agent with a growing clientele. She is looking to purchase a new computer and software so that she can keep track of her client's accounts, access the Internet from anywhere in the city, and touch up photos of real estate properties. Sarah has hired a programmer to create a Web page for her business. What type of programming language will the programmer most likely use?

device drivers (or drivers)

Small programs called __________________________ are used to communicate with peripheral devices, such as monitors, printers, portable storage devices, and keyboards.

C

Some drive letters, such as the letter ____ that is typically used with the primary hard drive, are usually consistent from computer to computer and do not change even if more storage devices are added to the computer.

IPOS cycle (information processing cycle)

The progression of input, processing, output, and storage is sometimes referred to as the ____________________ cycle or the information processing cycle.

Software

The term _____________ refers to the programs or instructions used to tell the computer hardware what to do.

optical character recognition (OCR)

The text in a scanned image cannot be edited unless _______________________________ software is used in conjunction with the scanner to input the scanned text as individual text characters.

disk access time

The time required to move the read/write heads to the cylinder that contains (or will contain) the desired data is called __________________. a more accessible alternative to drag & drop reordering. Press Enter or Space to

search sites

There are a number of special Web pages, called ______________, available to help you locate what you are looking for on the Internet.

Frames

Video data—such as home movies, feature films, video clips, and television shows—is displayed using a collection of

True

Virtually all computer users will need at least one convenient USB port to be used to connect external hard drives, USB flash drives, printers, mice, and other USB-based hardware

hard drive

Virtually all personal computers come with a(n) __________ that is used to store most programs and data.

formula

When using a spreadsheet, a(n) ___________ performs mathematical operations using the content of other cells (such as adding or multiplying the values in the specified cells) and displays the result in the cell containing the formula.

True

While the memory used for disk caching can be a designated portion of RAM, today's hard drives typically use a disk cache consisting of memory chips located on a circuit board inside the hard drive case.

pixel

With bitmapped images, the color of each __________ is represented by bits; the more bits used, the better the image quality.

WinZip

_______ is a shareware program

Web based email

__________ is typically free and virtually all ISPs used with personal computers include e-mail service in their monthly fee.

Input

__________ occurs when data is entered into the computer.

Ports

____________ are the connectors located on the exterior of a system unit that are used to connect external hardware devices.

Laser Printers

_______________ are the standard for business documents and come in both personal and network versions.

Solid-state drives (SSDs)_

___________________ are hard drives that use flash memory chips instead of magnetic disks.

Embedded computers

__________________________ are designed to be used with everyday objects, such as home appliances, gaming consoles, digital cameras, e-readers, digital photo frames, ATMs, toys, watches, GPS systems, home medical devices, voting terminals, and cars.