Computer Hardware

Gigabyte

1 billion bytes

Megabyte

1 million bytes

Terabyte

1 trillion bytes

Petabyte

1,000 terabytes

Personal computer CPU clock speed ranges between ___.

1-4 gigahertz

Kilobyte

1000 bytes

Processors typically have a word size of either ___ or ___.

32 bits; 64 bits

GPU

A computer within your computer that creates images

Which two of the following would be used to store a single bit of date?

A transistor A hole punch card

The four basic functions of a computer

Accept data input Process data info Present output Provide storage of data

Which of the following is not part of the boot process?

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

Smartphone motherboard location

Behind the screen

Laptop motherboard location

Beneath keyboard

The smallest unit of storage is called___. It is he,d or processed by a single transistor.

Bit

Which three of the following colors are used to create pixels?

Blue Green Red

The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .

Bus width

Another name for the computers processor is the

CPU

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit or a monitor are referred to as______.

Computer Hardware

To reduce the time it takes to find files on a hard drive it is a good idea to _____ your hard drive.

Defragment

Desktop

Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.

Laptop

Designed for those who need a mobile computer but need to enter a large amount of data

all-in-one computer

Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer

A computer that is integrated with a larger device such as a programmable thermostat is called a ____ computer. It has a real time operating system.

Embedded

The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices.

False

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computer?

Gigabyte Terabyte

Tablet

Highly mobile device that can be used while standing or even walking

Desktop motherboard location

In tower or chassis

An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ____ computer.

Mainframe

In an all in one computer the motherboard is housed behind the ____.

Monitor

Supercomputer

Most powerful type of computer. NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system. Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies.

Tow or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can excavate two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a _____ .

Multi core processor

The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___.

Native resolution

Two characteristics of solid state drive (SSD).

No moving parts Fast

When the computer is shut down the info in the memory (RAM, caches, registers) is ____ .

Not saved

Mainframe computers

Often operated by business such as large banks or credit card companies. Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. More powerful than a server less powerful than a supercomputer.

Bytes in order from highest to lowest

Peta Tera Giga Mega Kilo

Programs and date currently being used by the processor are places in the_____.

RAM

____ is actually storage since it retains data and info when the power has been turned off.

ROM

Digital device manufacturers include separate chips of storage that contain instructions not designed to be written or removed. An example of these instructions include the basic input output system (BIOS). This type of storage is separate form the hard drive and is referred to as _____.

Read only memory (ROM)

Which 3 of the following statements are true regarding resolution?

Refers to the bumber of picels in a display device. The higher the screens resolution the more pixels it contains. Resolution refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image.

Resolution refers to the _____ and clarity of an image.

Sharpness

A hardware component that keeps data info when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.

Storage

A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a ____.

Tablet

Which 2 of the following statements are correct regarding CPU?

The CPU is located on the main motherboard of the computer. The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.

USB

Universal Serial Bus. A type of connection used to attach devices such as flash drives, scanners, cameras, and printers to a computer.

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processors ____.

Word size

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

all-in-one

The amount of data that can be transferred from one point to another in one second is called _____.

bandwidth

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ___ process

boot

Data flows between different parts of the computer via _____ .

buses

Eight bits combined together equal one ___

byte

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.

cache

One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the Disk ___ app.

cleanup

Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

clock rate

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.

computer

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

footprint

The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.

graphics

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a ______________

mainframe

The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the

motherboard

Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.

much smaller than computer's RAM

The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___ resolution.

native

The smallest element of an image is called a ____ and is usually composed of ___ colors.

pixel + three

IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.

processing

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___

processor

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

single-core processor