Computer science : chapter 5. Algorithms
Programming language
A collection of Primitives along with a collection of rules stating how The Primitives can be combined to represent more complex ideas
Loop
A collection of instructions is executed in a repetitive fashion under the direction of some Control process
Iterative structures
A collection of instructions is repeated in a looping manner
Pseudocode
A notational system in which ideas can be expressed informally during the algorithm development process
Primitive
A well-defined set of building blocks from which algorithm representations can be constructed
Algorithm
An ordered set of unambiguous comma executable steps that defines a terminating process
Termination condition
Indicates termination should take place
Loop invariant
Insertion at a point in a loop that is true every time that point in the loop is reached
Parameters
Listing of generic names
Top-down methodology
Progresses from the general to the specific
Bottom up methodology
Progresses from the specific to the general
Post-test Loop
Test for termination is performed after the body is executed
Pretest Loop
Test for termination is performed before the body is executed
Preconditions
The assumption that certain conditions are satisfied at the beginning of the program's execution
Recursion
The binary search execute search stage of the repetition as a subtask the previous stage
Big-theta notation
Classification of algorithms according to the shapes for their graphs
Sequential search
Considers entries in a sequential order in which they occur in the list
Binary search
Repeatedly divides the list in question into two smaller pieces in such a way that the remaining search can be restricted to only one of these pieces
Insertion sort
Sort a list by repeatedly removing an entry and inserting it into its proper place
Assertion
Statements that can be established at various points in the program
Stepwise refinement
The technique of not trying to conquer an entire task in all its detail at once. proposes that one first view the problem at hand and terms of several some problems