CON 101 Final Exam

Under the GMP contract, the owner is protected from cost overruns by the contractor. True or false?

True

Unit-Price contracts are typical with many heavy civil or highway-type projects.

True

When it comes to being competitive, you are ultimately determined a "winner of this game" when you have met owner's expectations for price, schedule, and quality. True or False?

True

While liquidated damages is a financial penalty for late delivery of the project, incentives work to benefit the contractor for early completion. These incentives also impact safety, workmanship, quality, and even value engineering. True or False?

True

What is the definition that best describes the Design & Contractor Partnership (a design-build entity)?

Two firms working together on a single project with one of them at risk for the project. The second party is a subcontractor to the first.

BIM Model

a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a building displayed as a 3D model with the added capability to integrate a whole array of design and construction data related to cost, schedule, materials, assembly, maintenance, energy use, and more.

Clash Detection

a process for effectively identifying unintended material or system interferences in a 3D project model

Commisioning

a process of testing and checking all equipment and systems within the facility at the end of a project to assure proper functioning and operation. This may also include the training of owner personnel in the operation and maintenance of the equipment.

design-bid-build definition

a project delivery method in which the owner holds two separate contracts for design and construction. This method is often referred to as the traditional PDM

Brownfield site

a property that is abandoned or underused because of historic environment contamination

Best Value

any selection process in which proposals contain both price and qualitative components and the award is based upon a combination of price and qualitative considerations

The AIA form G702 is used as the:

application and certificate of payment

What does the scope describe?

building layout, site work, square footage, number of rooms, number of floors, types of materials, dimensions, special equipment, storage, requirements

network diagram

depicts the project activities and the interrelationships among these activities.

Full Service Design-Build Firm

design professionals and construction professionals work for the same firm under the same roof.

Which PDM is considered the traditional method?

design-bid-build

Which PDM involves the overlapping of design and construction?

design-build

What are the means for selecting a general contractor under design-bid-build?

low price/bid - several contractor compete, and the lowest bid gets the contract

Division 5

metals

In which PDM may the owner elect to bypass a GC and contract directly with several trade contractors

multiple prime Agency CM

shortlisting

narrowing the field of offers through the selection of the most qualified proposers on the basis of qualifications

It is the _______ who ultimately decides with PDM to use.

owner

When there is plenty of work in the backlog, a contractor may choose not to pursue a project based on:

present workload

Change Order

requests made by the owner to add features to or subtract features from the scope of the project resulting in changes to the contract

A certain percentage of money owed to the contractor for work progress that is held back by the owner to encourage completion of the project

retainage

Detail View

sections of the building "blown up" to help explain finer details

Elevation view

shows the finished exterior appearance of a given side of the structure

submittals

Data, samples, details, colors, and product literature required by the terms of the contract to be presented to the architect by the contractor for approval prior to ordering and installing them.

The most reliable practice to eliminate surprises associated with subsurface conditions is:

soil testing

Storm water pollution caused by your crews or subcontractors is what type of risk?

Environmental risks

Division 11

Equipment

Ancient times

start of public building for special events

The will-call, generally made by the ______________ , occurs just before the scheduled delivery date.

superintendent

lead time

the amount of time it takes for a product or equipment to be delivered to the job site

infrastructure

the basic roadways, bridges, and railroad networks that support a community to society

Interoperability

the capability of a system or program to interact with other systems or programs without access or implementation limitations or restrictions

Variance

the cost or time difference between the actual project performance and planned project performance

Joint Venture

the design firm and the construction firm create a legal entity, both parties are at financial risk.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

the federal agency responsible for establishing safety standards for construction and all other industries in the United States.

Cost-plus-free Contract

the owner reimburses the contractor for actual costs associated with the work plus a fixed fee or percentage cost. There is no set limit to the project costs.

It is common to receive a verbal approval for a change order. A verbal approval is sufficient to proceed with the scope change, just as long as the written change order is pending. True or False?

False

Private owners cannot legally choose whom they invite to bid on projects. True or False?

False

Since private projects are not funded by taxpayers, they are required to use an open bidding selection method. True or false?

False

Subcontractors with neat, clean trucks were always the ones who produce higher quality of work. True or false?

False

The RFI process is exclusively used by sub-contractors to clarify details presented in the plans and specifications. True or False?

False

The contract administrator may process progress payment applications, change orders, or submittals on behalf of the Project Engineer. True or False?

False

The critical path is the calculated longest duration of the project activities with the most days of float. True or False?

False

The duration of a scheduled activity is always determined by the time of year it is installed. True or false?

False

The shop drawing is a special type of submittal, created by the architect or engineer for the subcontractor to use in the fabrication of an item used in construction. True or False?

False

Under the Cost-Plus Fee contract, the owner is protected from cost overruns by the contractor. True or false?

False

When working with local agencies (e.g. building and zoning departments), the general contract establishes the due dates for plan review and permitting. True or false?

False

Whereas design-build has linear sequencing of the work, design-bid-build often integrates and overlaps design and constriction activities. True or False?

False

At-Risk CM does NOT carry financial liability. True or False?

False: whether or not the project is completed on time or within budget relies on the Construction Manager.

What are the engineers that are not licensed engineers?

Field engineer, Project Engineer

Which administrative and physical checks are used to track quality?

Field observations, submittals, mock-ups, inspections

When payments to subcontractors are not forthcoming, it may cause them to demobilize from the project, causing project delays. This scenario is what kind of risk?

Financing Risks

Division 9

Finishes

This is the amount of leeway available to start or complete an activity before it affects the planned project completion.

Float

This process establishes the duration of the project.

Forward Pass

Division 12

Furnishings

What contract is the best for the owner?

GMP

Division 1

General Requirements

Architectural Programming

the research and decision making process, initiated by an owner, usually with help of an architect or other programming specialist, that identifies the basic needs of the client and the parameters of the project to be designed and ultimately built by a construction professional.

Specifications (Specs)

the written instructions from an architect or engineer accompanying the project plans pertaining to the quality of materials and workmanship required for project.

Which activity will generally not increase or decrease with the size or magnitude of the project?

Mobilization

Which is the third step in the project control cycle?

Monitor Project Performance

crashing the schedule

to take steps that accelerate activities in the schedule, resulting in an earlier completion date

Designer and contractor partnership

two firms decide to work together, the builder hires an architect.

Safety I not a priority, it is a:

value

joint venture

when two or more construction companies enter in =to an agreement for a one-time, single-project commitment and share resources and risks to manage and build the project

Mock-up

Physical models or small samples constructed to allow the architect and owner to review the appearance and function of materials, colors, textures, and other aesthetic features before incorporating them into the actual project.

The process of _____________ is the narrowing the field of offers through the selection of the most qualified proposers on the basis of qualifications

Shortlisting

Section View

Shows ket spots on the drawings in detail

scope sheet

Similar to a work package, a scope sheet describes the items of work to be performed under a particular trade heading. It often accompanies a subcontractor's bid or a request for quotation.

cofferdams

Temporary watertight enclosures erected to prevent water from seeping into an area, allowing construction to take place in the water-free space.

Henry Gantt developed a chart that illustrates a project schedule in what year?

1910

The Associated Schools of Construction was organized in what year

1965

How many contracts are involved in At-Risk CM?

2

How many contracts are involved with Design-Bid-Build?

2

A short interval schedule, also known as Look Ahead Schedules, refer to a future time period, generally between ______________?

2-4 weeks

How many contracts are involved in Agency CM?

3

Because the BIM model is updated continuously during the construction, the as-built record of the construction project is current and accurate at the time it is turned over to the building engineer responsible for the operation and maintenance. True or false?

True

Because the residential market is relatively easy to enter, there are many small companies that are also at risk for high failure. True or false?

True

Concrete is one of the biggest culprits for pollution on a construction site. True or false?

True

stereoscopic projection

A 3D video display of a computer-generated virtual reality environment.

Responsive bid (or proposal)

A bid or proposal package that meets all of the requirements of the solicitation instrument.

Schedule of Values

A budget template established early on in the project against which progress payments are measured. The schedule summarizes the total project cost by the various divisions of work.

design-intent model

A building information model prepared by an architect, primarily intended to communicate design information

construction model

A building information model, typically prepared by a contractor, that links construction-specific information such as work breakdown structures and cost data to project elements in the 3D model

public-private partnership

A business venture approach whereby a public sector authority and a private enterprise join forces and combine resources to deliver government projects aimed at serving the public good

Retainage

A certain percentage of money owed to the contractor for work progress that is held back by the owner to encourage completion of the project.

addendum

A change or addition to the contract documents issued after the documents have been released but before the bids are due

open bid

A competitive bidding requirement for all public projects. An open bid is one that is advertised publicly and allows any qualified contractor to submit a bid on the project.

Due diligence is the process for identifying any problems or areas of concern that exist so that those problems can be factored into the decision making that takes place during the pre-construction stage. True or False?

True

Each industry sector is characterized by different means, methods, and materials of construction. They may require different types of equipment, structural framework, materials, and specialty contractors. True or False?

True

In At-Risk CM, the owner has one contract with the construction manager and general contractor, and one with the designer. True or False?

True

In a cost-plus-free contract, overhead and supervision may be disputed as reimbursable expenses. True or False?

True

In agency CM, the construction manager is responsible exclusively to the owner and does not perform any of the construction work. True or False?

True

In agency CM, the owner is independent of the construction work itself True or False?

True

Missing one payment cycle can cause severe cash flow problems, especially for smaller contractors or subcontractors, and can even jeopardize the solvency of a company. True or False?

True

Multi-family dwellings refer to apartments, condominiums, and townhouses wherein the entire structure may house multiple, individual residences. True or False?

True

One difference between Agency CM and CM at Risk is that an Agency Construction Manager is not responsible for ensuring that the construction schedule stays on track. True or False?

True

Programming and feasibility is part of the design stage and is the part of the stage that deals with the overall building size, the number of rooms, and their adjacencies. True or false?

True

laydown area

A designated area on the building site where large orders can be stored and sorted in an organized manner so that the parts can be easily identified for use on the project.

Request for Qualifications

A document issued by the owner prior to an RFP to solicit contractor or design-builder qualifications. The RFQ may be used by the owner to shortlist potential proposers, or it may be used by itself as the final competitive submittal employed in qualifications-based selection.

Plan View

A drawing that represents a view looking down on an object.

Public projects refers to projects which are publicly funded and therefore are using tax revenue. These projects, with few exceptions, must use the open bid process. True or False?

True

cost code

A reference number used to track cost and schedule information on materials, labor, subcontracts, equipment, overhead, and fees throughout the project control process.

field observation report

A report used to track questionable quality and safety performance on the job site.

Forward Pass

A scheduling technique used to calculate an activity's early start and early finish. The forward pass must be completed before the project duration can be determined.

Backward Pass

A scheduling technique used to calculate an activity's late start and late finish.

Shop Drawings

A supplemental drawing to the plans and specs that details fabrication methods, materials, and models of a product or installation associated with the project.

Partnering

A team-building technique, calling upon the parties to the construction contract to establish a common set of project goals and objectives and develop a mutually acceptable protocol for communication and conflict resolution through a formal agreement.

Earned Value Analysis

A technique used in construction to determine the estimated value (earned value) of work completed to date on a project and compare that to the actual work completed on the project.

concrete washout station

A temporary container installed on a construction site to collect all water runoff from the washing of trucks, tools, and equipment associated with concrete. The container may prefabricated and delivered or built on-site.

Add-ons

A term commonly used in construction estimating to describe the taxes, overhead, and profit added to the estimate after all other costs have been calculated.

takeoff

A term commonly used in the construction industry to describe the process of measuring the plans to quantify materials, labor, and equipment.

Rework

A term used to describe defective construction work that must be redone or corrected

Work Breakdown Structure

A tool used by estimators to organize the work of a contract in a hierarchical fashion.

transmittals

A tracking document that serves as a cover notification to any communication, submittal, or shop drawing being transmitted among the project participants.

Perspective Drawing

A two-dimensional drawing representing a three-dimensional object and displaying the width, length, and height of a structure.

Request for Information (RFI)

A written request for clarification regarding the details presented in the plans or specifications. The requests are usually made by subcontractors through the general contractor to the architect.

program

A written statement of the owner's conditions and requirements for the project.

Precedence Diagramming refers to which type of schedule?

Activity on Node

will call

Acts as a verbal confirmation of an order that has been placed prior to the date it is actually due for delivery. The will-call, generally made by the superintendent, occurs just before the scheduled delivery date.

Common materials used in residential include: a. Engineered Wood Products b. Light-gauge steel framing c. Slate & stone d. Wood framing e. Concrete & Asphalt

All of them

short-interval schedules

Also called look-ahead schedules, they are typically prepared by superintendents and focus on a relatively short periods of time, such as 2-4 weeks. These schedules are usually provided to trade contractors and focus on specific areas of work in greater detail than is provided in the overall project schedule.

back charges

An amount of money charged against a subcontractor for work that the general contractor performed because the subcontractor failed to do so.

Digitizer

An electronic pen-shaped stylus or mouse curser used in conjunction with software to assist in the quantity takeoff task in estimating.

straw wattles

An erosion control product made of compacted straw or other materials such as geotextile fibers, bound into a tight, tubular roll that comes in 10-25 foot lengths

curtain wall

An exterior building wall that is supported entirely by the frame of the building, rather than being self-supporting or load bearing.

Integrated Project Delivery

Any project delivery method that contractually engages the contractor responsible for constructing the project at the beginning of the design process. Both design-build and at-risk CM are considered integrated project delivery models.

CPI=

BCWP/ACWP compare the estimated budget to the current budget >1 under budget <1 over budget

SPI=

BCWP/BCWS compare actual performance to what was scheduled to be completed >1 ahead of schedule <1 behind schedule

An amount of money charged against a subcontractor for work that the general contractor performed because the subcontractor failed to do so.

Back charges

The change order is a contractual change, which increases or decreases the value of the contract by adding or subtracting work. True or false?

True

The critical path determined at the beginning of your project can change throughout the job True or false?

True

The design-builder is liable for any gaps between the plans and specs and the owner's requirements for the performance. True or false?

True

The feedback loop is used to develop the historical estimating databases and productivity factors on future projects. True or false?

True

The first 12 divisions of the CSI master format are the same from 1995 to 2004. True or False?

True

The quality control plan consists of a number of inspections, field tests, lab tests, and observations. True or false?

True

The submittal process provides a means by which the contractor can confirm with the architect or owner regarding the intent of the design. True or False?

True

The terms, High Performance, Green, and Sustainable construction are used interchangeably, however, the term sustainable construction most comprehensively addresses the ecological, social, and economic issues of a building. True or False?

True

Throughout the design process, plans are submitted to the appropriate planning, zoning, and building authorities for plan checks and compliance reviews. True or False?

True

To meet the cost and schedule goals for the project, the ______________ goals must also be met.

Productivity

With the use of BIM, which is considered the fourth dimension?

Scheduling and sequencing

A high performance building has the potential to reduce potable water usage by 50 percent. True or False?

True

In order for a building to be considered sustainable, it must consider ALL of the principles of sustainable construction. True or False?

False

forecasts

Periodic predictions stated in reports as to the final cost and schedule outcomes on a project while the work is still ongoing.

Quality Assurance

A quality management approach that addresses quality at the process level and deals with policies and procedures associated with hiring, training, safety, subcontracting, and procurement.

quality control

A quality management approach that addresses quality at the project level and deals with conformance to the plans and specs through submittals, mock-ups, shop drawings, inspections, and testing.

Total Quality Management (TQM)

A recognized quality control and quality assurance program based on continuous quality improvement practices.

A trade contractor's work, or part of their work package may appear more than once in a schedule or performed at different stages in a project. True or False?

True

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

an information sheet documenting pertinent chemical information on various products used in construction

claim

an issue that occurs during construction and remains unresolved after the job is complete

Division 8

Doors and Windows

Renaissance

-Leone Alberti: created drawings as a way to direct the master -separate design and construction as distinct functions

How do the PDM's differ

-Number of contracts the owner executes -Relationship and roles of each party -Point at which the contractor gets involved -Ability to overlap design and construction -Who warrants the sufficiency of the plan and specs

The Middle Ages

-craft training and education -three stages: master, journeyman, apprentice

Egypt

-dried mud bricks -no distinction between architecture, engineering, or construction. -*The Master Builder* -Code of Hammurabi

Roman Empire

-early form of concrete -domes and arches -first form of glass -Marcus Pollio wrote the first handbook

General Conditions

-everyone's responsibilities are listed

technical specifications

-quality of materials -workmanship -methods of installation and erection -quality control and quality assurance procedures

Greek

-small groups of workers allowed for finer detail and design to the architecture

Supplemental Conditions

-soils and soil-testing -survey information -materials or other services provided by owner -Job signage requirements -Traffic control -Phasing -requirements for security -temporary facilities and sanitation requirements

How many contracts are involved in Design-Build?

1

What are the three configurations of design-build?

1. Designer and contractor partnership 2. Full-service design-build firm 3. Joint Venture

Eight functions of construction management

1. estimating 2. contract administration 3. managing jobsite and construction operations 4. planning & scheduling 5. controlling performance 6. managing quality 7. managing safety 8. managing risks

project delivery

A comprehensive process by which a building, facility, or structure is designed and constructed.

virtual construction

A computerized environment where the contractor and their team can simulate, analyze, and plan the construction of a building project before the actual construction process begins in order to head off problems in the field before they occur

Agency CM

A construction management option in which the construction manager acts in the owner's best interests at every stage of the project from design through construction. The construction manager offers advice and project management services to the owner but is not financially responsible for the construction.

cost control

A continuous monitoring process used to track the variances between actual performance and planned performance on a project, specifically concerning cost and time.

Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP)

A contract methodology in which the contractor is reimbursed for actual costs of materials, labor, equipment, subcontracts, overhead, and profit up to a maximum fixed-price amount. Any costs over the maximum price shall be borne by the contractor. Any savings below the maximum price will revert to the owner. This type of contract is often implemented when design is less than 100 percent complete.

Multiple Prime

A contracting methodology in which the owner bypasses the use of a general contractor and enters into multiple separate contracts with trade or specialty contractors for the various sections of the work associated with the project, such as concrete, framing, mechanical, and electrical work. Each of the specialty contractors involved becomes a prime contractor on the project.

Liquidated Damages definition

A daily amount of money paid by the contractor to the owner for each day that the project fails to meet the completion date specified in the contract. Not all contracts contain a liquidated damages clause.

Constructability Reviews

A design review process in which experienced contractors and construction managers work with designers to ensure that the details of the design actually can be built in an efficient and cost-effective manner. The process entails review of materials, application, installation techniques, field execution, and building systems.

precedence diagram

A graphic presentation of a schedule depicting project activities on a node with an arrow that depicts the dependencies that exist between the activities.

project staging

A layout plan identifying the placement of all temporary facilities needed during the construction stage of the project, such as the office trailer, storage, security fencing, dumpsters, and portable toilets.

query list

A list of questions and needed clarifications compiled by an estimator as they review the plans and specs during the estimating process.

Fast Tracking

A practice utilized to speed up a job by overlapping the design phase and the construction phase of a project. It's often applied in design-build or construction management project delivery

Value Engineering

A process in which various alternative approaches are evaluated and considered regarding design, product selection, or building system in an effort to provide the most efficient, cost-effective solution possible relative to value in response to the desires of the owner.

Design-Build

A project delivery method in which there is only one contract between the owner and a design-build entity. The design-builder is responsible for both the design and the construction of the project. This method is often referred to as single-source project delivery.

At-Risk CM

A project delivery method where the construction manager acts as a consultant to the owner in the development and design phases but as the equivalent of a general contractor during the construction phase.

advertisement for bids

A public notice, usually published in newspapers, trade magazines, and journals, providing information regarding bidding procedures for public projects.

Time and Materials

Another name for a cost-plus-fee contract. These are the two cost factors that are reimbursed under a cost-plus-fee contract. Time equates to the cost of the labor, and materials equate to the cost of the building products used in the construction.

Which of the following must typically be completed before release of final payment is made by the owner?

As-built drawings, Operation and maintenance manuals, Product and equipment warranties, test reports, surplus materials, permits, lien waivers

Value engineering and Constructibility Reviews are used in which PDM?

At-risk CM

In which bid selection method are the drawings not 100% complete?

Best-Value selection

The law requires that contractors who compete for public projects must post three types of bonds. Indicate which three bonds are required:

Bid bond, Performance Bond, Payment Bond

Where would you find addendums in the specs?

Bidding documents

Project Manual (specs) consist of

Bidding documents Agreement General Conditions Supplementary Conditions Technical Specifications

Which U.S. sector produces the most CO2 ?

Building

BIM stands for:

Building Information Modeling

The procurement stage is also known as:

Buy-out

The Schedule of Values itemizes major construction activities and associates each activity with a dollar amount, including overhead and profit. The SOV is often organized by:

CSI MaterFormat Division

Drawings (plans) consist of

Civil Architectural Structutal Electrical Mechanical

The process for effectively identifying unintended material or system interferences in a 3D project model

Clash detection

Of the three types of estimates, which provides the least amount of detail?

Conceptual

This type of estimate is a ballpark estimate

Conceptual

Mobilization includes which of the following?

Confirm testing agencies and personnel, Install job signage and barricades, Set up field office, Obtain and pay for all permits

factors such as weather delays, crane failures, safety issues are classified as what type of risks?

Construction Risks

self-performed work

Construction work that is performed with the general contractor's own forces or labor. This is work that is not subcontracted.

What two dials, or values, are typically the per-view of the owner and architect, NOT the builder.

Cost and Quality

The six dials of project value

Cost, Time, Quality, Safety, Scope, Function

What contract is the best for the contractor?

Cost-plus-free contract

what is the process to compress the schedule by accelerating certain activities?

Crashing the schedule

Which of the following can impact productivity?

Crowded work spaces, adverse weather conditions. Changes in work plan, confusing plans and specs

Which factor impact can be avoided with proper quality control?

Defective materials

latent design defect

Defects or flaws in design details that are not known until after the construction is complete and time has passed, allowing for the flaw or defect to show itself.

This benefit has advanced the collaboration between designers and builders and has improved the process of design-build contracting:

Design Assistance and Constructability Review

In which delivery method does the owner NOT warrant the sufficiency of the plans and specifications?

Design Build

The RFI (request for information) process generally occurs during which stage of the project?

Design Stage

The delivery method is the one in which the owner holds two separate contracts for design and construction services. This method is often referred to as the traditional PDM.

Design-bid-build

PDM - what only?

Design-bid-build: Price only Agency CM: Qualifications only At-risk: Quals and Price Design-Build: Quals and Price

Work Package

Detailed items of work bundled together under a particular trade. This is also called a bid package.

It is difficult for many people to comprehend what a project is going to look like from a 2D drawing or rendering. Which purpose does BIM serve in this case?

Digital visualization

The division associated with furnishings is:

Division 12

Who invented the first passenger elevator?

E.G. Otis

What label of an Activity on Node schedule must be completed first?

Early start

What is the self-performed labor organization?

Employee contract

Which of the following items should be shown on a site logistics plan?

Entrances and exits, dumpsters, portable toilets

dry shacks

Facilities that may be constructed on-site or brought in as modular units equipped with tables and storage lockers. They provide a dry place for workers to eat their lunch and change their clothes. Union agreements often require that the contractor provide a dry shack on-site.

A change order is ALWAYS associated with a dollar amount. True or false?

False

A design-build delivery method that contracts the designer and builder under one contract, will typically use the Lump-Sum contract type. True or false?

False

All rating systems (LEED, BREEAM, Green Globes, etc) encompass the impacts of all of the following concerns: Design, Construction, Operations, Environmental Impacts, Occupational Health True or False?

False

Contract administration has to do with the management of details and information presented in the technical specifications of the contract documents. True or False?

False

Cost codes are only used to track material, labor, and equipment? True or false?

False

What is the process of design-bid-build?

Hire an architect to complete the plans and specs, then choose a contractor *No contractor involvement with designer, the owner warrants the sufficiency of the plans and specs to the contractor

quantity surveyors

Individuals who are responsible for counting up and calculating all of the quantities of materials, labor, and equipment necessary to build a construction project.

preparatory inspection

Inspections, sometimes called preinspections are designed to check progress and make sure everything is ready for the next stage of construction

This delivery method is best suited for engaging partnerships between the owner, the designer, the CM, and the trade partners. It also engages external stake-holders at the onset of the project (during feasibility and design phase):

Integrated Project Delivery

Indicate which formula is correct for calculating float

LF - EF = Float

base isolators

Large shock absorbers made of alternating layers of rubber and steel attached to a buildings foundation to allow movement of the structure without causing damage.

Defects or flaws in design details that are not known until after the construction is complete.

Latent Design Defects

An area on the construction site where large orders can be stored and sorted in an organized manner.

Laydown area

LEED

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

In which bid selection method are the drawings 100% complete?

Low-bid selection

What contract is the safest for the owner?

Lump Sum

What is the most common contract?

Lump Sum

Division 4

Masonry

This hybrid delivery method of Construction Management is one in which the owner bypasses the use of the GC and enters into multiple contracts with trade, or specialty contractors and vendors.

Multiple Prime

This common type of construction schedule, also called a critical path method, depicts a continuous chain of activities showing both activity durations and the relationship of the activities.

Network Diagram

The order in which activities are sequenced relative to their independent relationship

Network Logic

According to the Hensel-Phelps model in the textbook, which three positions are considered entry level?

Office Engineer, Field Engineer, Quantity Surveyor

What are the three entry-level positions, what career track to they lead up to, and what do they do?

Operations Manager: Office Engineer - acts as an assistant to the project engineer and as support for the field, procurement and timely deliveries General Superintendent: Field Engineer - works directly for the project superintendent, project layout and job wide safety Chief Estimator: Quantity Surveyor - estimating quantities of building materials

As described in the lecture, the 6th dimension of BIM provides an added dimension of inclusion of product data in the model. This is related to which benefit?

Operations and Maintenance

Guaranteed Maximum Price

Owner has a fixed maximum price that the contractor guarantees. If the project is completed for less, the owner benefits in the cost savings.

A team-building technique, calling upon the parties to the construction contract to establish a common set of project goals and objectives and develop a mutually acceptable protocol for communication and conflict resolution.

Partnering

An escalation in costs due to SBE requirements is associated with which kind of risk?

Political/Legal/Regulatory Risks

Some possible environmental issues that may arise during construction include:

Pollution, artifacts or bones, species, contaminated soil

The submittal process occurs beginning in which stage of the project:

Pre-construction Stage

According to the text, this BIM benefit has the greatest opportunity to improve construction operations:

Prefabrication

Sustainability is defined as, "Meeting the needs of the ____________ without compromising the ability of _______________ to do the same"

Present, Future Generations

If an owner decides to use the Design-Bid-Build delivery method, the decision for contractor is based on:

Price Only

Understanding long lead items in your construction schedule is crucial to avoid any delays in the total project duration. Which type of activity is associated with obtaining materials and equipment for your job?

Procurement Activities

The Request for _____________ is a solicitation document, written by the owner, requesting pricing and a technical solution for design and/or construction services

Proposals

contract indemnification

Provisions in a contract that provide protection against possible financial loss, damage, or liability.

During project closeout, minor adjustments, repairs and work items that must be done before substantial completion are part of:

Punch List

What steps must happen before an owner can move in to a building?

Punch Out, Final Inspection, Certificate of Occupancy, Commissioning

What is the Material Supplier organization?

Purchase Order

This selection process is sometimes called direct selection. An owner simply decides that they want to work with a contractor because of their reputation and past performance.

Qualification-Based

If an owner decides to use the Design-Build delivery method, the decision for contractor is based on:

Qualifications and Price

What topics may be discussed at a project debriefing?

Quality control issues, owner issues, designer issues, vendor and supplier performance

What risks are the designer responsible for?

Quality of the work, defective design, code compliance

Who is the largest publisher of construction cost information in the United States?

R.S. Means

as-built drawings

Record drawings completed by the contractor and turned over to the owner at the end of the project identifying any changes or adjustments made to the conditions and dimensions of the work relative to the original plans and specifications.

Which of the following are considered basic sectors of the construction industry? a. Residential b. Industrial c. Healthcare & Education d. Government & Military Construction e. Heavy Civil

Residential, Industrial, Heavy Civil Construction

the Pay-When-Paid clause in the contract between general contractor and sub-contractor is a form of risk mitigation. Which type of strategy is this?

Risk allocation

You determine that the contract is inherently too risk, and decide not to enter into contract with an owner. This is what type of risk strategy?

Risk avoidance

Controlling the risk, by purchasing a hedge fund, or in other words, pre-purchasing a commodity is what type of risk strategy?

Risk retention

Purchasing a builder's risk policy is one way to mitigate risk. what type of strategy is this?

Risk transfer

In the Project Control Cycle, what are the established benchmarks for measuring time, money, and quality?

Schedule, Estimate, Specifications

Division 2

Site Construction

The Contractor's due diligence has the utmost importance during which stage?

Site Work

What project risks are associated with the owner?

Site conditions, Project funding

What risks are the owner responsible for?

Site conditions, Project funding, Delays in work

With BIM, the superintendent and project management can study the site logistics. This process is what type of benefit?

Site planning and Utilization

The presence of asbestos or mold is ______________, and therefore is part of the due diligence required of a contractor.

Sometimes unknown BEFORE bidding

Division 10

Specialties

Lean Principles

Stemming from the Toyota Production System, principles that focus on creating more value for customers with less work and the elimination of waste. These principles are now being applied to the construction industry.

What is the Specialty Trade Contractor organization?

Subcontract

This date, or event, officially marks the end of the project and the beginning of the warranty period.

Substantial Completion

The Field Engineer is associated with what career path?

Superintendent track

Which of the following benefits is essential for identifying clash?

Systems coordination

In which historical period did we observe the architect as designer, separate from the master builder?

The Renaissance

Once you've completed a forward and backward pass, how do you know which activities are on your critical path?

The activity has zero float

float

The amount of leeway available to start or complete an individual schedule activity before it affects the planned project completion.

central repository approach

The concept that all project information can be loaded into one database to create a single building information model

distributed repository approach

The concept that the BIM model consists of a collection of separate databases maintained within distinct programs that can communicate in a way that allows them to exchange at least some of their data.

Contract Documents

The drawings, conditions, terms, and specifications setting forth the requirements for constructing the project.

contract documents 2

The final detailed drawings used for construction. They're also called working drawings.

Working Drawings

The final detailed drawings used for construction. This is also called construction documents or contract documents.

Bidding documents

The invitation to bid, instructions to bidders, bid form, and the contract documents.

critical path

The longest path through a network diagram that determines the earliest completion of a project

punch list

The minor adjustments, repairs, and work items that must be done before substantial completion can be achieved. The list is prepared jointly by the owner, architect, and contractor. The architect confirms completion of each item on the list.

network logic

The order in which activities are sequenced in the network diagram relative to their interdependent relationships

Notice to Proceed

The owner authorizes the contractor to begin work on a project on a particular day or as soon as possible. This notice is linked to the duration of the project.

Scope of Work

The parameters defining the overall extent of work to be included in a construction contract. The project scope is commonly communicated through construction plans and written specifications.

Technical Proposal

The part of a design-build proposal that contains the conceptual design for the project. It may also include information regarding schedule, team makeup, and overall management plan for the project.

Construction Management 1

The planning, scheduling, evaluation, and controlling of construction tasks and activities to accomplish specific objectives outlined in the contract documents.

Substantial Completion

The point at which all punch list work has been completed and the owner can occupy or take possession of the new facility.

Pre-qualification

The process in which an owner, based on minimum financial, management, and other qualitative data determines whether a construction firm is fundamentally qualified to compete for a certain project or class of projects.

Prequalification

The process in which an owner, based upon minimum financial, management, and other qualitative data, determines whether a construction firm is fundamentally qualified to compete for a certain project or class of projects.

Division 7

Thermal and Moisture Protection

Liquidated Damages

This contractual clause allows owners to impose a financial penalty as a result of the contractor's failure to meet a specific completion date on a project:

A tracking document that serves as a notification to any communication

Transmittal

A bottleneck in any one of the steps in the submittal process may impact the schedule of the project. True or False?

True

A constructibility review is a design process I which experienced contractors and construction managers work with designers to ensure that the design can actually be built in an efficient and cost-effective manner. True or False?

True

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) evaluates environmental performance from a whole buildings perspective over its life cycle. Who developed this program?

U.S. Green Building Council

Unforeseen Conditions

Unknown physical conditions at the site that were not anticipated by the owner or the contractor

Invitation for bids

Used in private projects and is not open to the public. Selected list of contractors

escalation clauses

Usually negotiated into the construction contract when there is suspicion that some pricing component of the estimate is in a high state of flux. The clause allows for some fluctuation in the contract price based upon the current pricing of the suspected component.

Final documentation includes which of the following:

Warranties, operation manuals, inspection and testing reports, as-built drawings

Which is the most common and most obvious reason for work slowdown?

Weather Conditions

tailgate safety meetings

Weekly safety meetings held at the job site and usually conducted by the superintendent. They're also called toolbox safety meetings.

What risks are the contractor responsible for?

Whether conditions, subcontractor failure, job site safety, material deliveries, quality of the work, delays in the work, defective work, code compliance, estimate errors, labor strikes

Division 6

Wood and Plastics

Callback

a request from an owner that a contractor return to the job site to correct or redo some item of work

Request for Proposal (RFP)

a solicitation document, written by the owner, requesting pricing and a technical solution for design and/or construction services.

Gantt Chart

a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule

Which of the following are typical design-build entity configurations? a. Designer and Contractor Partnership b. Joint Venture c. Cost-Plus free d. Full-service Design-build firm e. Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP)

a, b, d

Contingencies

an amount of money added to an estimate to cover unknown conditions or risk factors

technical proposal

an evaluation method used in best value selection in which maximum point values are assessed for qualitative and price components of a project proposal. Contract award is based upon the highest total points earned.

Divison 3

concrete

slip forms

concrete forms that rise up the wall as construction progresses

An amount of money added to an estimate to cover unknown conditions or risk factors

contingencies

Lump Sum Contract

contractor agrees to complete the project for a predetermined, specified price