CON 271 Exam 1
Employee's Duty:
"Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations and orders issued pursuant to this article which are applicable to his own actions and conduct."
Employer's Duty "General Duty Clause":
"Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious harm to his employees."
The device used in line with an extension cord for a tool for using a 5000 watt generator without a GFCI is known as....
"pigtail" external GFCI
What rights do you have under OSHA?
- A safe and healthful workplace - Know about hazardous chemicals - Report injury to employer - Complain or request hazard correction from employer - Training - Hazard exposure and medical records - File a complaint with OSHA - Participate in an OSHA inspection - Be free from retaliation for exercising safety and health rights
What are the 2 types of CSHO's?
- Safety Officers: generalists who specialize in workplace safety hazards. (electrical, machine guarding, fall protection) - Health Officers: specialize in Industrial Hygiene and workplace environmental hazards. (noise, air quality, hazardous/toxic chemicals)
How many inches do you have to add for every kV over 50 kV?
.4 inches
What are the ratings for Class A and Class B fires?
1 to 40 for Class A fires 1 to 640 for Class B fires.
Means of Egress
1. Free and unobstructed egress at all exits must be maintained. 2. Exits cannot be locked from inside. 3. Exits must be clearly marked if direction to them is not immediately visible.
Minimum # of toilets for: 1.) 20 employees or less 2.) 20 employees or more 3.) 200 employees or more
1.) 1 toilet 2.) 1 toilet/1 urinal per 40 employees 3.) 1 toilet/1 urinal per 50 employees
A _____ extinguisher must be within 50 feet of 5 gallons of flammable liquid or gas 1.) 10B 2.) 2A 3.) 2B 4.) 10A
1.) 10B
Illumination for: 1.) 3 foot candles 2.) 5 foot candles 3.) 10 foot candles 4.) 30 foot candles
1.) Concrete placement, excavation and waste areas, access ways, active storage areas, loading platforms, refueling, and field maintenance areas 2.) General construction area lighting, Indoors: warehouses, corridors, hallways, and exitways, 5 Tunnels, shafts, and general underground work 3.) General construction plant and shops 4.) First aid stations, infirmaries, and offices
OSHA's Recordkeeping rule requires most employers with more than ______workers to keep a log of injuries and illnesses.
10
Temporary buildings not inside another structure and not used for flammable/combustible storage, must be erected at least _____ feet from other structures
10
What is the minimum distance needed to safely work with overhead powerlines?
10 ft. (50KV)
Travel distance not to exceed ______feet
100
What does a 10B fire extinguisher mean?
10B = 10 sqft of FF protection
Prior to OSHA, job related accidents accounted for more than _______________ worker deaths annually!
14,000
Driveways must be at least ____ feet wide and free of debris to accommodate travel of fire trucks.
15
Combustibles must not be stacked more than ______feet high.
20
Employers must report each work-related hospitalization, amputation, or loss of an eye how many hours prior?
24 hours prior
No more than ______ gallons of flammable or combustible liquids may be stored in a room outside of an approved storage cabinet.
25
What does a 2A fire extinguisher mean?
2A = 2 gallons of water
What type(s) of electrical / extension cords are acceptable for use in construction?
3-wire type & hard or extra hard duty
Whistleblowers have _____ days to make a written complaint to Federal OSHA.
30
Workers have ______days to contact OSHA if they feel they have been punished for exercising their safety and health rights
30
One 2A extinguisher for every _________ square feet of floor space
3000
The default Flash Protection Boundary is ____ feet for systems up to 600 volts and less
4 feet
At what amperage will a GFCI trip?
4-6 milliamps
What is the Illumination for general construction work areas?
5 foot candles minimum
How many years can they replace a new shell on a hardhat?
5 years and suspension every 2 years
How many arc flash injuries per day in the US?
5-10
Live parts _____ volts or greater must be guarded
50
Approximately _____% of all fatalities are related to the Focus Four Hazards
56%
GFCI protection to be required on all portable generators _____kW (________watts) or greater
5kW (5000 watts)
Not more than ______gallons of flammable or ______ gallons of combustible liquids can be stored in any one storage cabinet.
60 120
What is the minimum grade you can receive on the final exam to successfully complete the course and obtain the 30-HR Training Card?
60%
It must have an elevation of _____feet or more above floor or working surface
8
What's the penalty must be reported to OSHA within?
8 hours
Employers must report each worker death to OSHA how many hours prior?
8 hours prior
_____% of all citations and _____% of dollars applied as fines are related to the Focus Four Hazards
85% 90%
Classify the letters for Fire Extinguishers A B C D K
A - Wood, Paper, Trash B - Flammable Liquids C - Electrical Equipment D - Combustible Metals K - Kitchen Fires - oils and fat
Grounded:
A conducting connection between a circuit or equipment and the earth
What is a Whistleblower?
A person that exposes misconduct of organizations and their members
What is a willful violation?
A violation that the employer intentionally and knowingly commits or a violation that the employer commits with plain indifference to the law.
How do you properly use a fire extinguisher?
ALWAYS use the 'PASS' System 1. Pull 2. Aim 3. Squeeze 4. Sweep
Welders Health Hazards in Construction
Acute & chronic respiratory disease. Increased rates of lung cancer up to 74% after 20 years in the trade
Safety Can:
An approved container with a capacity of not more than 5-gallons and equipped with a spring closing lid and spout cover designed to relieve internal pressure when exposed to fire.
Fire Brigade:
An organized body of people trained and employed to extinguish fires.
Flammable:
Any material capable of being easily ignited, burning intensely, or having a rapid rate of flame spread
Insulator:
Any material through which electrical current does not readily pass (i.e., glass, plastic, rubber, wood and air)
Conductor:
Any material through which electrical current easily travels. (i.e., copper, aluminum & the human body)
When did enforcement of regulations begin?
April 28, 1971
Who is ADOSH?
Arizona Division of Occupational Safety and Health created in 1972 The Industrial Commission of Arizona (ICA) is responsible for administering the Arizona OSH Act through ADOSH.
In multistory buildings where should fire extinguishers be placed?
At least one by a stairwell
Insulation exposure Health Hazards in Construction
Bronchitis
What is the Cell Phone policy?
Cell/Smart phones shall not be used or visible during class.
Effects of AC Current 100mA to 4amp
Certain fatal ventricular fibrillation
What does CSHO's stand for and what do they do?
Compliance Safety and Health Officers they conduct workplace inspections at reasonable times without prior notice
When did President Nixon sign the OSH Act?
December 29, 1970
What Are the Focus Four Hazards ?
Electrical Hazards Struck-By Hazards Caught-In-Between Hazards Fall Hazards
Roofers Health Hazards in Construction
Eye & skin problems, increased cancers
What are the most common cited OSHA standards?
Fall Protection; Hazard Communication; Scaffolding; Respiratory Protection; Electrical; Powered Industrial Trucks; Ladders
Primary Causes of Struck-by Fatalities
Falling Objects - Rigging Failure - Loose or Shifting Materials - Equipment Tipover or Malfunction - Lack of Overhead Protection Vehicle and Equipment Strikes - Backing Incidents - Workers on Foot Flying Objects
True or False: PPE is never the last choice for protection as the hazard is reduced rather than eliminated
False, it always is
True or False: GFCI required on permanent building power unless tool used with extension cord
False, it is not required
True or False: Employers must NOT inform workers how to report an injury or illness to the employer
False, they should inform them
What is the maximum penalty per exposure for a willful citation?
Federal: OSHA may propose penalties of up to $129,336 for each willful violation. Arizona: OSHA may propose penalties of up to $70,000 for each willful violation, with a minimum penalty of $5,000 for each willful violation.
Willful violation 13936 (2)
Federal: OSHA may propose penalties of up to $129,336 for each willful violation. Arizona: OSHA may propose penalties of up to $70,000 for each willful violation, with a minimum penalty of $5,000 for each willful violation.
What does FDC mean?
Fire Department Connections
What does FDC stand for?
Fire Department Connections
What type fires does a BC extinguisher protect against?
Flammable Liquids Electrical Equipment
Four groups of OSHA standards:
General Industry, Construction, Maritime, and Agriculture
What does GFCI stand for?
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
What is Arc Flash?
High intensity flash that can cause severe eye damage
Incident Rates Calculation
IR = # of injuries and illnesses x 200,000 / employee hours worked
What are the types of OSHA Inspections and violations?
Imminent Danger Accident Complaints Discrimination Complaints Referrals Programmed Planned Follow-up
Medical and First Aid
In the absence of clinic, hospital that is "reasonably accessible" (3-4 minutes) to the worksite, a person who has a valid certificate in First Aid must be available.
What is the policy on late assignments?
Late assignments will not be accepted - if class will be missed, assignment must be submitted electronically prior to the start of class
What is LPG? Is storage allowed?
Liquefied Petroleum Gas storage is prohibited
Flammable Liquids:
Liquids having a flash point below 140°F and a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 pounds per square inch
Effects of AC Current more than 30mA
Lung paralysis, usually temporary
Threshold Limit Value (TLV):
Maximum exposure set by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
Effects of AC Current more than 10mA
Muscle contraction, "not able to let go"
Extinguishers must be inspected and maintained per what?
NFPA
What kind of dust mask doesn't protect against contaminants?
NIOSH mask
What is the Quiz policy?
No make-up quizzes will be given.
What is the Absence policy?
Notification of documented absences must be given to Instructor prior to the absence - no exceptions.
What are some resources inside the workplace that will help you find information on safety and health issues?
OSHA website
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL):
OSHA's maximum of exposure for any substance.
What does OSHA stand for?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
How many extinguishers should there be on a floor?
One per floor
When OSHA talks about a qualified person, what do they usually mean?
One who has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the work.
Effects of AC Current more than 3mA
Painful shocks which can cause indirect accidents
Effects of AC Current more than 50mA
Possible ventricular fibrillation
What are the OSHA standards?
Rules that describe the methods employers must use to protect employees from hazards
Where would you find information to protect yourself when working with a chemical?
SDS
What is silicosis?
Scarring of the lungs by inhaling crystalline silica
Effects of AC Current over 4 amps
Severe burns, heart paralysis
Masons & Others Health Hazards in Construction
Silicosis
What is the proper way to repair a small nick in the outer insulation of an electrical cord?
Strain relief
What must be provided when repairing extension cords?
Strain relief
What is OSHA's purpose?
To assure every employee a safe & healthful work environment by providing health training, outreach and education.
What is the purpose of Hazard Communication Standard
To ensure employees understand the hazards of substances they may be exposed to in the workplace
True or False: Cabinets, boxes, switches, and circuit breakers in damp or wet locations must be protected from water
True
True or False: Employers must maintain injury & illness records
True
True or False: Exposure must not exceed the PEL or the TLV's as listed in Appendix A from 1970.
True
True or False: Flexible cords & cables must be protected from damage
True
True or False: For Grinders & Abrasive Saws you need a face shield and hearing protection
True
True or False: Workers have a right to get training from employers on a variety of health and safety hazards and standards that employers must follow
True
True or False: Workers may file a confidential complaint with OSHA if they believe a violation of a safety or health standard, or an imminent danger situation, exists in the workplace
True
Thanks to OSHA
Worker deaths in America are down
"Rule of Thumb" for Noise Exposure
Workers must be able to communicate without shouting at 3 feet
Do employers need to make records available to workers and OSHA?
Yes
What is a fire watch?
a standby employee equipped with a fire extinguisher whose sole job is to monitor for sparks or flames.
When located within another building, must be constructed of noncombustible materials, or have a fire resistance of not less than ______ hour. a.) 1 b.) 2 c.) 3
a.) 1
A person who has adequate flank to identify hazards related to specific activity on a project site and you have the right to take which action in the event, you know its a confident person so what do they have?
adequate training
Inhalation:
airborne contaminants
Where to Referrals come from?
another government source (e.g. DEQ or DOT).
Where standpipes are required, how must they be maintained?
as construction progresses so they are always ready for fire protection use.
All equipment must maintain a minimum clearance of a.) 5 ft b.) 10 ft c.) 15 ft from 50 kV or less
b.) 10 ft
Outside storage areas must have a ______ fire extinguisher not less than _____ feet nor more than 75 feet away from the area. a.) 20A, 25 b.) 20B, 25 c.) 20B, 10
b.) 20B, 25
Indoor storage: Clearance of at least _____ inches must be maintained between stored materials and sprinkler deflectors. a.) 24 b.) 36 c.) 20
b.) 36
Workers also have the right to view the annually posted summary of the injuries and illnesses which is: a.) OSHA 300 b.) OSHA 300A c.) OSHA
b.) OSHA 300A
Why was OSHA created?
because of public outcry against rising injury and deaths
What is the best and fastest way to get a hazard corrected?
by notifying your supervisor or employer
Repairs can only be made to ______ gauge or larger extension cords a.) 10 b.) 13 c.) 12
c.) 12
Storage areas in buildings must have a ______fire extinguisher outside the room but not more than ___feet from the door. a.) 20A, 10 b.) 20B, 25 c.) 20B, 10
c.) 20B, 10
Silicosis to result in exposure to airborne....
contaminants
Wellington NZ 41 perfection in 3 Whiterun jumping jack Dwyer is apart by you with
cucumbers
Ingestion:
eating, drinking or smoking without good hygiene practices
Employee trying to work within an unsafe distance of electrolytes will be
electrocuted
Rules of Construction
employee exposure to hazards on a multi-employer work site may result in citations from OSHA to each exposing employer
When are Complaints inspections taken?
generally the result of a report of serious safety or health allegations, or an employer nonresponse to a written inquiry "phone-fax" sent by ADOSH.
Section 11(c) of OSH Act
gives workers the right to a safe and healthy workplace without fear of punishment
Hard hats and helmets must meet requirements of ANSIZ89.1. One doesn't work cannot drill ______________ or _____________ inside a hard hat.
holes or paint
Acronym DART for the form 300
incident rates
Why can you not place stickers or paint on a hardhat?
may eliminate electrical resistance and conceal defects, cracks, penetration, and any damage
In order to store utilized legalized wipers on a construction site, OSHA approved, 5 yellow pill, what does it have to be?
metal, spring closing lid, spark arrestor, label
What is silica?
most common chemical element found in rocks
Are Bumpcaps allowed?
no
Are Hot-Works permit required by OSHA?
no
Can Flammable and Combustible Liquids be stored at exits, stairs, or passageways?
no
Can OSHA retaliate or discriminate against a worker for reporting an injury or illness?
no
Can cords run through pinch points?
no
Can extension cords be suspended by nails, staples, or wires?
no
Can you repair cords with electrical tape?
no
May a temporary building be erected where an exit is blocked?
no
When we're transporting oxygen and settling in a truck, it is permissible to lay the paint down?
no
Can you store things in a 600 volts working space?
no, there must be sufficient access and working space must be provided
How many fire extinguishers are required in a building under construction?
one extinguisher for every 300 sqft of floor space
Absorption:
penetration through the skin
On the SDS (Safety Data Sheet) system include more standardization to the 4 format also includes more visual Hazard communication for workers through the use of _____________ and all containers that contain harmful substance.
pitograms
Section 11(c) of the Act
prohibits any person from discharging or in any manner retaliating against any employee because the employee has exercised rights under the Act.
What should we do to protect unauthorized employees from entering electrical rooms with live parts?
put warning signs
What is OSHA's name for a person who has knowledge of the standards, hazard recognition and the authority to stop work when necessary?
qualified person
What has OSHA done?
reduced injuries/illnesses by 60%
1910.1020:
right to examine and copy records
What do we make concrete with in Fallout 4 have in it?
silica dust
OSHA Horizontal Standards:
specific to safety/health rules and covers hazards which exist in a wide variety of industries (Examples: provision of first aid, fire protection, safe tools, walking surfaces)
If there is not a specific standard for a work practice, how could OSHA cite the employer?
the general duty clause
The term whistleblower derives from what?
the practice of English bobbies, who would blow their whistles when they noticed the commission of a crime.
Who are Programmed Planned directed to?
to employers in higher hazard industries (e.g. agriculture, construction, manufacturing).
Give an example of a reason why OSHA would conduct an inspection at your workplace
to ensure unsafe conditions are fixed
When are Follow-up inspections conducted?
to ensure unsafe conditions cited have been abated.
Where is "Maintenance" covered?
under the General Industry standards
OSHA Vertical Standards:
very specific safety/health rules and apply solely to one industry type (Examples: provision of logging safety devices, PPE, training)
What are some ways to reduce silica exposure?
wet cutting and wet sawing
When are Accident inspections taken?
when 3 or more employees are involved in work-related injuries or illnesses that are serious in nature. Must report any FAT/CAT within 8 hours of occurrence.
When are Discrimination Complaints inspections taken?
when an employee claims retaliation or discrimination by the employer in response to having made an OSHA covered complaint.
When is an Imminent Danger inspection taken?
when there is reasonable certainty that danger exists that is expected to cause death or serious physical harm immediately
What does "Construction work" mean?
work for construction, alteration, and/or repair, including painting and decorating
Accident that resulted imputation or loss must be reported to OSHA
yes
Are workers allowed to bring up safety and health concerns in the workplace to their employers?
yes
Can you submit injuries & illnesses electronically on the OSHA website?
yes
Do entrances to electrical rooms containing exposed live parts must be marked with conspicuous warning signs forbidding entrance by unqualified persons?
yes
Do workers have the right to report an injury and review their current log?
yes
True or False: Employers must post annual summary of injuries & illnesses
yes
Primary Causes of Electrocution Fatalities
• Contact with Overhead Power Lines • Contact with Live Circuits in Panels • Poorly Maintained Cords and Tools • Lightning Strikes
Bail Out Procedures
• If you must get out, jump with your feet together • Do not touch the machine • Hop or shuffle out of the area
How to Ensure Adequate Clearance:
• Install flag warnings at proper distances • Designate a spotter • Must have the power company insulate, move or de-energize the line
6 points of Incident Free
• Planning • Training • Inspection • Oversight • Lessons learned • Re-evaluate
What responsibilities does your employer have under OSHA?
• Provide a workplace free from recognized hazards and comply with OSHA standards • Provide training required by OSHA standards • Keep records of injuries and illnesses • Provide medical exams when required by OSHA standards and provide workers access to their exposure and medical records • Not discriminate against workers who exercise their rights under the Act (Section 11(c)) • Post OSHA citations and hazard correction notices • Provide and pay for most PPE
If Contact Occurs
• Stay on the machine if possible • Warn all others to stay away • Notify power company immediately • Attempt to move away but assure line is not "connected"
Primary Causes of Caught-in-Between Fatalities
• Trench/Excavation Collapse • Rotating Equipment • Unguarded Parts • Equipment Rollovers • Equipment Maintenance
An electric arc:
• Typically lasts less than a second • Has extremely high radiant (heat) energy • Is explosive in nature (exerts great force) • Can ignite or melt conventional work clothing
Primary Causes of Fall-Related Fatalities
• Unprotected sides, edges and holes • Improperly constructed walking/working surfaces • Improper use of access equipment • Failure to properly use PFAS • Slips and Trips (housekeeping)
Most Frequently Cited Subpart C
✓ 20(b)(2) Employer shall instruct each employee (614) ✓ 21(b)(2) Employee training programs (439) ✓ 25(a) Housekeeping (126) ✓ 28(a) Personal Protective Equipment (77)
What is the minimum working clearances per Table K-1?
✓ 3 feet - From front opening minimum: larger as the voltages increase ✓ No less than 30 inches wide
Procedures to fill a safety gas can (3 of them)
✓ Always remove the containers from the vehicle and place them on the ground ✓ Touch the container with the gas dispenser nozzle before removing the container lid ✓ Keep the nozzle in contact with the container inlet when filling
What should you do before refueling equipment?
✓ Always remove the containers from the vehicle and place them on the ground ✓ Touch the container with the gas dispenser nozzle before removing the container lid ✓ Keep the nozzle in contact with the container inlet when filling
General Requirements of Subpart K
✓ Equipment to be inspected prior to installation & suitable for purpose ✓ Listed, labeled, and certified equipment to be used per instructions ✓ All breakers must be labeled
Four to five requirements for portable extinguishers located in a multi-story building under construction
✓ One 2A extinguisher for every 3000 square feet of floor space ✓ Travel distance not to exceed 100 feet ✓ One per floor ✓ At least one fire extinguisher by a stairwell in multistory buildings ✓ Must be conspicuously located
Sanitation
✓Drinking water ✓Toilets ✓Hand washing and washing facilities ✓Eating and drinking areas
Hierarchy of Hazard Control
✓Engineering controls ✓Work practice changes ✓Administrative action ✓Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - last resort
Arc Rated Protective Equipment
✓Hardhat ✓Safety glasses or safety goggles ✓A face shield with a minimum arc rating of 8 ✓Hearing protection (ear canal inserts) ✓Leather gloves ✓Leather work shoes ✓Insulated tools are required