concept 1 integumentary system

summarize the structure and function of the hypodermis

-aka subcutaneos tissue -technically not part of skin - mainly made of adipose tissue (fat) functions -insulation against heat loss -energy storage -shock absorber -anchors skin to underlying structures

explain where eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands, and sebaceous (oil) glands are located in the body and why these locations make sense given the functions of each type of gland and the substances that they each secrete

-eccrine sweat glands are located everywhere but mostly in palms, soles, and forehead. they control temp. and bacterial properties. secretes sweat -apocrine sweat glands: located axillary and anogenital regions of the body. function: unknown potentially sexual scent glands. secretes sweat, proteins, and fatty substances -sebaceous glands: located everywhere except palms and soles. function: lubricate and soften hair, slow water loss, and antibcterial properties, secretes sebum (an oily secretion)

explain the significant role of each of the four types of epidermal cells

-kerathrocytes produce karatin -melanocytes produce melanin -dendritic cells injest foreign invaders and activae the immune system -tactile epithelial cells sit where the epidermis and dermis meet, combine nerve endings to make sensory receptors for touch

differentiate between the layers of the dermis

-papillary dermis: made of areolar connective tissue. interwoven loosely with colagen, elastic fibers, and blood vessels -dermal popilles: projections from its surface into the epidermis that contain capillary loops nerve endings -reticular dermis: made of dense irregular connective tissue and houses a network of blood vessels and thick bundles of collagen fibers that give the dermis strength and resiliency

differentiate between the layers of the epidermis

-stratum corneum: 20-30 layers of dead cells bound tightly together to prevent water loss and protect layers below -stratum lucidum: only in thick skin a thin band of flat dead keratinocytes just below the stratum corneum -stratum granulosum: 1-5 layers of cells, where cells fill with keratin -stratum spinosom: contain intermediate filaments that resist tension dendritic cells are most abundant in this layer -stratum basale: a single row of stem cells attached to the dermis where most cells are made

Describe other roles that the inte. system plays in maintaining homeostasis, highlighting any other body systems that also contribute to accomplishing these function

By helping to synthesize and absorb vitamin D, the integumentary system works with the digestive system to encourage the uptake of calcium from our diet. This substance enters the bloodstream though the capillary networks in the skin.

explain the main function of the integumentary system and how it works alongside at least three other body systems to accomplish this function

The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, glands, and nerves. Its main function is to act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world. It also functions to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature.