concepts in nursing exam Chapter 1
Henry graduated several years ago from a 2-year nursing program that he took at a community college near his home city. Recently, he has considered moving from providing direct client care into an administrative role, but he recognizes the need to further his education in order to be considered for such a position. Henry most likely possesses which nursing qualification?
Associates Degree
Starting an intravenous line in the client's arm demonstrates what role of nursing?
Caregiver
The registered nurse coordinates with the physical therapist that a client is now on strict bed rest due to bradycardia. What role of nursing is this?
Collabortor
Informing the physical therapist that the client's therapy was discontinued, telling a client their blood pressure reading, and calling the physician to report an abnormal blood pressure are all examples of what nursing role?
Communicator
What does the NLN do?
Conducts one of the largest professional testing services in the US, including pre-entrance exams for potential nursing students and is open to all people interested in nursing
What nursing process step is this scenario describing? The nurse looks over John's symptoms and notes that his heart-rate is higher than average and his blood pressure is elevated. She also considers that he's experienced fatigue and shortness of breath before when his cholesterol levels were very high. The nurse determines that John is experiencing Hyperlipidemia, also known as having high levels of fat within the blood. John's blood tests confirm this hypothesis. The nurse is also concerned that John is at risk for heart disease.
Diagnosis
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a communicator.
Effective communication skills to establish and maintain helping relationships with patients of all ages
What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease?
Emphasize the client's strengths to encourage weight loss
What nursing process step is this scenario describing? When John returns, the nurse asks him a series of questions about how he's been feeling. John replies that he has been having an easier time breathing and feels significantly less tired since exercising and taking the medication. The nurse marks "Patient's Condition Improved" on his official medical records and congratulates John on his well being. She then advises him to remain on the medication for one more month and to continue his exercise.
Evaluation
The nurse is caring for a patient that ascribes to the theory of animism. What's the best way to describe this?
Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces
Assisting the client and his/her family to prepare for the client's death, teaching a patient and his/her family how to live with diabetes and providing counseling for the family for a child with an eating disorder are all examples of what aim of nursing?
Facilitating with coping and death
What is the role of a nurse practitioner?
Functions independently, is skilled at doing nursing assessments, performing physical examinations, counseling, teaching, and treating health problems.
A student nurse understands that the primary aim of Healthy People 2020 initiatives is...
Health Promotion
"It is important to enroll in a smoking cessation class" What concept of nursing does this demonstrate?
Illness Prevention
What nursing process step is this scenario describing? John is prescribed the medication and takes it as recommended. One week later, he has a day where he feels especially sick and calls the doctor's office. The nurse explains that the medication could cause nausea as a side-effect and advises John to drink Ginger-Ale and avoid any foods that generally upset his stomach. John continues taking the medication and goes to the gym four times during the two week period. Once the two weeks has passed, he returns to the doctor's office for his follow-up appointment.
Implementing
A nurse mentoring second-year nursing students from a community college plans clinical experiences for them. These students will most likely graduate in which time frame?
In 1 more year
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a caregiver.
Integrating the role of communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, advocate and collaborator.
A student nurse asks her professor the main difference between an LPN and an RN. What is it?
LPN should always work under the supervision of the RN
What was the one barrier to the development of nursing in the United States after the Civil War?
Lack of educational standards
What are nurse practice acts?
Laws established in each state in the United States to regulate the practice of nursing
What might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his/her nursing license?
Obtain continuing education credits
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a researcher.
Participation in or conduct of research to increase knowledge in nursing and improve patient care
What nursing process step is this scenario describing? John returns on Tuesday for a follow-up visit. The nurse sits down with him in a closed room and explains his cholesterol levels and high blood pressure. She suggests that John be put on medication to help lower these numbers and recommends he exercise at least twice a week. The nurse also tells John he should stay away from salty foods and eat less red meat. John agrees with the nurse, and they setup a follow-up appointment two weeks later. The nurse reminds John to call if there are any changes in his condition, or if he starts to feel worse.
Planning
Teaching a woman how to do a breast self-exam is an example of what aim of teaching
Preventing illness
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of an advocator.
Protection of human or legal rights
Working in mental health and chemical dependency programs best demonstrates what aim of nursing?
Restoring health
The nurse is using the nursing process to care for a client and is in the process of making a nursing diagnosis for the client. What would be an accurate diagnosis?
Risk of falls
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a collaborator.
Skills in organization, communication and advocacy to help the functions of all members of the health care team
Assessing if the client is able to perform a dressing change is what role of nursing?
Teacher/Educator
What is the ANA and what do they do?
The American Nurses Association, and they essentially make the laws and regulations for nursing. They address ethics, public policy, economic and general welfare of nurses.
What is the ICN? What do they do?
The International Council of Nurses. It was the first international organization of professional woman. They provide ways for national nursing organizations to work together.
The nurse caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell their children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing?
The art of nursing
What type of education do you need to legally practice RN nursing?
pass the NCLEX, and receive your licensure
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a counselor.
provide information, make appropriate referrals and facilitate the patients problem solving
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a teacher.
to assess, implement and evaluate individualized teaching plans
What criteria defines nursing as a professional discipline?
well defined body of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation, recognized authority by a professional group, code of ethics, professional organizations that set standards, ongoing research and autonomy and self-regulations
(roles of nursing) Describe the role of a leader.
assertive, self confident practice of nursing when providing care
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process?
1) Assessment 2) Diagnosis 3) Planning 4) Implementing 5) Evaluation
6 ANA Standards for Nursing Practice
1) Assessment 2) Diagnosis 3) Outcome Identification 4) Planning 5) Implementing 6) Evaluation
What are the 8 roles of nursing?
1) Caregiver (primary role of a nurse) 2) Counselor 3) Collaborator 4) Advocator 5) Communicator 6) Researcher 7) Leader 8) Teacher
What are the 4 common nurse practice acts in all states?
1) Protect the public using the legal scope of nursing, excluding unlicensed or untrained people from practicing nursing 2) Create a state board of nursing/person to enforce rules and regulations for the nursing profession 3) Define important terms and activities in nursing 4) Establish criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
What are the NLN's 10 trends to watch for in nursing education?
1) changing demographics and increasing diversity 2) technological explosion 3) globalization 4) the era of the educated consumer 5) the shift to population based care and the increasing complexity of patient care 6) the cost of healthcare 7) the impact of health policy and regulation 8) the growing need for education and collaborative practice 9) the current nursing shortage 10) significant advances in nursing and science research
In what time period did nursing as we now know it begin?
18th and 19th century
what are the 3 guidelines of nursing practice?
ANA standards of nursing practice, nurse practice acts and licensure, and the nursing process
Which organization has established standards that help the nurse determine which clinical actions fall under the scope of nursing practice?
American Nursing Association
What nursing process step is this scenario describing? John visits his general physician on Monday because he was feeling sick over the weekend. When he is called back from the waiting room, the nurse on staff takes his temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. She then asks John a series of questions about how he's been feeling lately. The nurse notes his responses when he says he's been having difficulty breathing and has been feeling very tired. She also sees on John's medical history that he has had previous problems with his cholesterol levels and blood pressure. John also has a blood sample taken during his doctor's visit.
Assessment
The clients plan of care is created by the nurse using which guideline for nursing practice?
The nursing process
A nurse is providing care for clients in a long-term care facility. Based on the definitions of nursing in the textbook, what should be the central focus of this care?
The patient receiving the care
A registered nurses wishes to work as a nurse researcher. What statement is true of a nurse researcher?
They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing.
What is the primary purpose of the standards of nursing practice?
To ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive nursing care