Constitution & Government

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What are some weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

- Continental Army - Taxes - Government Structure - Lawmaking process - trade - representation

Which amendment abolished slavery?

13th

What amendment gave women the right to vote?

19th

How long do members of the House of Representatives serve?

2 years

How many members in the House of representatives?

435

How many Senate members?

50

How long do Senate members serve?

6 years

How many Supreme Court Justices are there?

9

Republicanism

A form of government where citizens are represented by elected officials

The Supreme Court can declare Congress's laws unconstitutional. Congress can impeach Supreme Court justices. This is an example of which term?

Checks and balances

Who can declare war?

Congress

Who has the power to print and coin money?

Congress

What did the Federalists believe?

Constitution was a good solution to the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, a strong central government

What was the Great Compromise?

Created a bicameral legislature (combined VA and NJ plans to create Congress) one house based on representation, one house has equal representation

What was the 3/5 compromise?

Determined 3/5 slaves would count towards population for representation in Congress - favored the South.

Checks & Balances

Each branch of government can "check" or limit, the power of the other branches.

Federalism

Power is shared by the national and state governments

Popular Sovereignty

The government's power comes from the consent of the people. If the government goes against the will of the people, then they have the right to change the government.

The national government has the power to make treaties. The state governments have the power to establish schools. This is an example of which term?

Federalism

What is the Bill of Rights?

First 10 amendments to the Constitution

What are the three branches of government?

Legislative, Executive, Judicial

Which term describes a form of government where the people elect representatives?

Republicanism

In the US, the government is split into three independent branches: Legislative, judicial, and executive. This is an example of which term?

Separation of Powers

Limited Government

The government's power is restricted by laws in order to protect individual rights and liberties. These laws are often written in a Constitution

What are the two strengths of the Articles of Confederation?

The Northwest Territory and the Revolutionary War

Define impeach

The act of charging/removing a high official from office

Separation of Powers

The government is divided into branches. Each branch has separate and independent powers

define bicameral

Two house legislature

What was Shay's Rebellion?

a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt.

What powers does the federal government have?

coin money, regulate mail, declare war, raise armies, conduct foreign affairs, regulate trade between states, regulate foreign trade

What did the AntiFederalists believe?

feared government so they didn't want the constitution especially since it did not have a bill of rights initially

How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

for life

Legislative branch...

is the Congress, makes laws

Judicial branch...

is the supreme court, interprets laws

The Constitution is a rulebook which tells the government what it can and cannot do. For example, the government cannot limit freedom of speech or set up a dictator. This is an example of what term?

limited government

What powers do the state government have?

maintain militias, conduct elections, establish local governments, provide for public safety/health/welfare/education, ratify constitutional amendments, regulate trade within the state

What was the Constitutional Convention?

meeting of delegates in 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation, which produced the new U.S. Constitution

Which term means that the government's power comes from the will of the people?

popular sovereignty

Executive branch...

president, enforces laws

Define judicial review

review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.

What other rights are protected with the Bill of Rights?

right to bear arms, fair trial by jury, right to speedy trial and a lawyer, etc.

What are the five freedoms guaranteed in the first amendment?

speech, religion, press, assembly, petition

Describe the Virginia Plan

state representatives and votes based on population-also known as big states plan

What powers do the states and federal government share?

tax citizens, create and enforce laws, charter banks, establish courts, borrow money, take property for public use

Why did the Anti-Federalists believe a Bill of Rights was necessary?

they wanted people to have their basic rights protected


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