Construction Drawings
Floor Plans
aerial view, horizontally cut approximately four feet above the floor of a building or structure
Ventilation
air flow through the building or structure
CAD
also known as computer aided drafting; software programs offering a wide variety of applications which makes the design and drafting process efficient
HVAC
also known as heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Site Plans
architectural plans of proposed development of a given area
Title Block
contains all the information necessary to identify the drawing and verify its validity
Template
contains pre-dimensioned holes in the right scale to accurately draw a symbol or a sign
Schematic Design
creating the general framework to build the project on
Construction Drawings
describes in detail, the extent of the work and locations, dimensions and relationships of various construction elements
Lighting
general illumination of any space
Drafting Machine
has rulers whose angles can be adjusted and allows easy drawing of parallel lines
Drawing Board
large flat board which may be used to attach paper to keep it still and straight for accuracy
Site Lines
openness of an area within the building or structure
Mechanical Plans
outline equipment, materials, components, ductwork, piping and accessories to convey liquids, gases and air
Zoning Laws
physical development of land and the types of uses of each property
Distribution
placement, location and arrangement of each room in relation with each other
Orientation
position and direction of sunrise and sunset
Bidding
process of submitting an offer to manage the responsibility of a construction project
Circulation
roads and highways around the structure
Lighting/Electrical Floor Plans
show the location of electrical items and their circuitry
Scale Drawing
shows real objects with accurate sizes reduced or enlarged by a certain amount
Roof Plans
shows the shape of the structure or building, showing slopes, valleys and ridges
Plumbing Plans
shows the system of piping for freshwater going into the building and waste going out
Foundation Plans
sketches of the baseline of the entire structure
Interior/Exterior Detail Drawings
small portions of a space or object at a larger scale
Drafting Paper
specifically prepared paper used in technical drawings
Lettering Guide
template used to draw horizontal guidelines for letter height
Light Lines
used for action and information lines, as well as fill patterns
Drafting Triangle
used for drawing lines at specific angles
Caliper
used to accurately measure the distance between two opposite sides of an object
Drafting Tape
used to adhere drawing paper to a working surface
Blueprint Measuring Tool
used to calculate perimeter of an object
Leader Lines
used to connect notes or references to objects or lines in a drawing
Border Lines
used to create margins and outline the title block
Bold Lines
used to create primary objects
Medium Lines
used to create secondary objects
Compass
used to draw circles or arcs
T-square
used to draw horizontal lines and parallel lines
French Curve
used to draw smooth curved lines which cannot be drawn with a compass
Straight Edge
used to draw straight lines and check straightness of lines
Movement Line
used to imply direction
Center Lines
used to indicate the center of a plan, object, circle, arc or any symmetrical object
Solid Lines
used to indicate visible objects
Protractor
used to measure angles and 180 degrees and 360 degrees; also used to test measures of angles
Section Lines
used to show a cutaway view of an object or a floorplan
Dashed Lines
used to show hidden objects or objects behind another object
Dimension Lines
used to show measurement of an object
Break Lines
used when the extent of the drawing cannot fit on the size of paper being used for the drawing or to illustrate a portion of a design
Section Drawings
vertical cut-through of a space of the building or structure
Interior/Exterior Elevation Drawings
vertically projected surfaces of the inside or outside of a building or structure