COPD, asthma, pneumonia

The nurse understands that a client with acute respiratory distress related to asthma may experience:

dyspnea, wheezing, and polycythemia.

During asthma attack which medications will be given to gain control of persistent asthma?

oral corticosteroid

asthma risk factors

smoke, pollution, perfume, pet dander, age, higher elevation, certain medications, GERD

A client with bacterial pneumonia is to be started on IV antibiotics. Which diagnostic tests must be completed before antibiotic therapy begins?

sputum culture

A nurse is caring for a client experiencing an acute asthma attack. The client stops wheezing and breath sounds aren't audible. This change occurred because:

the airways are so swollen that no air can get through

Common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids

thrush

What type of lung sounds are common during asthma attacks?

wheezing

A male patient newly diagnosed with COPD tells the nurse, "I can't believe I have COPD, I only had a cough; are there other symptoms I should know about"? Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

"Other symptoms you may develop are shortness of breath on exertion, and sputum production."

A client being seen in the emergency department has labored respirations. Auscultation reveals inspiratory and expiratory wheezes. Oxygen saturation is 86%. The client was nonresponsive to an albuterol (Ventolin) inhaler and intravenous methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol). The nurse administers the following prescribed treatment first:

Oxygen therapy through a non-rebreather mask

The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. The patient is receiving oxygen therapy via nasal cannula. The nurse understands that the goal of oxygen therapy is to maintain the patient's SaO2 level at or above what percent?

90%

A client is being seen in the emergency department for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The first action of the nurse is to administer which of the following prescribed treatments?

Oxygen through nasal cannula at 2 L/minute

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to contribute to a case of hospital-acquired pneumonia?

A nurse washes her hands before beginning patient care.

When instructing clients on how to decrease the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the nurse should emphasize which instruction?

Abstain from cigarette smoking.

Which of the following is the strongest predisposing factor for asthma?

Allergy

A nurse provides care for a client receiving oxygen from a nonrebreather mask. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?

Assessing the client's respiratory status, orientation, and skin color

Difference between COPD and asthma

COPD is irreversible

Which of the following is the most important risk factor for development of COPD?

Cigarette smoking

Which of the following exposures accounts for the majority of cases with regard to risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Exposure to tobacco smoke

A patient with bronchiectasis is admitted to the nursing unit. The primary focus of nursing care for this patient includes which of the following?

Implementing measures to clear pulmonary secretions

When suctioning a client's tracheostomy tube, what should the nurse do?

Oxygenate the client before suctioning.

A client has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Following a coughing episode, the client reports sudden and unrelieved shortness of breath. Which of the following is the most important for the nurse to assess?

Lung sounds

Long acting beta adrenergic agonists

Not for immediate relief Prevent and control symptoms

Which would be most important to teach a client older than 65 years to prevent a recurrence of bacterial pneumonia?

Obtain influenza and pneumococcal vaccines.

What is a common house hold cause for asthma triggers?

Pets

The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. In COPD, the body attempts to improve oxygen-carrying capacity by increasing the amounts of red blood cells. Which of the following is the term for this process?

Polycythemia

assessments for asthma pts

Pulse ox ABGS- look at Pco2 and Hco3 IGE levels- increased in an allergic reaction, should not be high otherwise Pulmonary function tests- show how much air is going in out of your lungs while you're breathing Peak flow meters- measures how air is moving out of lungs, should be used on daily basis in severe cases, should keep track of PEF (personal best) to determine if asthma symptoms are worsening CXR- rule out pneumonia or COPD (Chest x-ray clear when you have asthma) Allergy testing- make sure you don't have an allergy causing this problem Spirometry

During a community health fair, a nurse is teaching a group of seniors about health promotion and infection prevention. Which intervention would best promote infection prevention for senior citizens who are at risk of pneumococcal and influenza infections?

Receive vaccinations

Which of the following should a nurse encourage in patients who are at the risk of pneumococcal and influenza infections?

Receiving vaccination

Patients with COPD should be instructed on what kind of breathing exercises

diaphragmatic

For a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which nursing intervention helps maintain a patent airway?

Teaching the client how to perform controlled coughing

Long acting beta agonists are used during asthma attacks

false

A nurse assesses a client's respiratory status. Which observation indicates that the client is having difficulty breathing?

Use of accessory muscles

Short acting beta adrengeric agonists

Used for acute exacerbations

Inhaled corticosteroids

Used for long term management Work by reducing swelling and mucus production in the airways, makes airway less sensitive to triggers

Which of the following would not be considered a primary symptom of COPD?

Weight gain

The nurse is caring for a client with asthma. The nurse should conduct a focused assessment to detect:

inspiratory and expiratory wheezing

Which mental status change may occur when a client with pneumonia is first experiencing hypoxia?

irritability

What do PFTs measure

measures the extent of damage to the lungs- how air moves in and out of the lungs when your breathe

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and experiencing respiratory acidosis. The decrease in pH exists because the client's lungs:

are not able to blow off carbon dioxide.

Which of the following is the most common chronic disease of childhood?

asthma

Patient with COPD often have hyper inflated lungs what affect does this have on appearance

barrel chest

The nurse is assessing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The client weighs 200 lb (90.7 kg) and is 6 feet (183 cm) tall. Using the diagram shown here, the nurse should record in the health history that the client's chest is:

barrel-shaped.

The nurse is caring for an elderly, debilitated client who has been bedridden for an extended period. Which sign or symptom indicates that the client has hypoxia?

confusion

When assessing a client with asthma, which findings would most likely indicate the presence of a respiratory infection?

cough productive of yellow sputum