COSC 122 - FINAL EXAM

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Ampersand (&)

&

Greater than (>)

>

Less than (<)

&lt;

Describe the 4 steps of TCP/IP

1. Break data into fixed-sized packets (IP packets). 2. Put sequence #, sender and destination IP addresses on packets. 3. Route packets through whatever route is available. 4. Re-assemble packets using sequence numbers.

How would you put comments into an HTML document?

<!-- This is a HTML comment -->

How would you create a hyperlink on an image so that when the user clicks on the image, they go to the desired location?

<a href="http://www.google.ca"> <imgsrc="http://www.google.ca/intl/en_ca/images/logo.gif"/></a>

Bold Tag

<b></b>

Line Break

<br> - no close tag

How would you add a caption to the table?

<caption></caption>

How would you create a definitional list in HTML?

<dl> and </dl> tags begin and end the list <dt> and </dt> surround the terms to be defined <dd> and </dd> surround the definitions

Emphasize Tag

<em></em>

Horizontal Line

<hr> - no close tag

Italic Tag

<i></i>

How would you create a numbered list in HTML?

<ol> <li>Item 1</li> <li>Item 2</li> <li>Item 3</li> </ol>

How would you make the font 2x as large?

<p style="font-size:200%">Font twice as large!</p>

How would you center a paragraph?

<p style="text-align:center">This text is centered.</p>

Paragraph Tag

<p> </p>

Display text as is - without ignoring white space

<pre> </pre>

Strong Tag

<strong></strong>

What tag starts a table?

<table></table>

What tag is used to specify a header row in a table?

<th></th> Example: <tr><th> Hello </th></tr>

What tag is used to specify a row in a table?

<tr></tr>

How would you create a bulleted list in HTML?

<ul> <li>Item 1</li> <li>Item 2</li> <li>Item 3</li> </ul>

IP Address

A computer on the Internet that is given a unique identifier.

Value

A data item that is manipulated by the computer

Computer

A device that can be programmed to solve problems.

Memory Size

A measure of memory storage capacity

Big-Oh Notation

A mechanism for quickly communicating the effciency of an algorithm.

Key

A minimal set of attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple in a relation

Attribute

A named column of a relation

Event

A notification to your program that something has occurred.

Algorithm

A precise and systematic method for solving a problem

Virus

A program that "infects" another program by embedding a copy of itself. When the infected program runs, the virus copies itself and infects other programs

Trojan

A program that hides inside another useful program, and performs secret operations.

Exploit

A program that takes advantage of a security hole.

Domain

A related group of networked computers. Examples: com, edu, org, etc.

Tuple

A row of a relation

Degree

A set of allowable values for one or more attributes

Bus

A set of wires on the motherboard that interconnects all the components so that they may exchange data

Relation

A table with columns and rows.

Security

Act of keeping precious data safe and only accessible to the correct people

Communication

Act of sending information from one party to another.

Hyperlink reference

Address of web page to link to

Location

An address in memory and stores a value

Worm

An independent program that copies itself across network connections

Wold Wide Web (WWW)

Application built on top of the Internet that allows for the display and transmission of documents called web pages.

Factor of improvement

Calculated by dividing the new rate by the old rate.

Assignment Statement

Changes the value of a variable

Motherboard

Circuitry which connects all the computer devices together

Array

Collection of data items of the same type.

How would you create a table in HTML?

Data can be displayed in tables using the <table></table>tags. Rows are enclosed in table row <tr></tr> tags, and each cell is denoted using table data <td></td> tags. Example:<table border="1"> <caption>This is my table caption.</caption> <tr><th>Tag</th><th>Purpose</th></tr>

Permanent Memory

Data is stored even after computer is turned off (e.g., ROM).

Memory

General terms for devices which allows the computer to store data either temporary or permanently.

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a language for describing how a web page should appear in a web browser.

How do you include a picture with an image tag in HTML?

Images can be shown in a document with the image <img> tag (using relative or absolute paths): <img src="imgs/winter.jpg"/> <imgsrc="http://www.google.ca/intl/en_ca/images/logo.gif"/>

Data

Information before it has been given any context, structure and meaning.

Equijoin

Join that combines two tables by matching attributes that have the same value.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML

Language for describing how a web page should appear in a web browser.

Access Privilege

Only allow user to access data they have the privilege (or right) to access or update.

Temporary Memory

Only stores data while the computer is on (e.g., RAM)

Relational Model

Organizes database information into tables called relations.

Scope of variable

Part of the program where you can access or use the variable

Event handler

Part of your program that is responsible for "listening" for the event notifications and then handling them properly.

Lifetime of a variable

Period of its existence

Hard Drive

Permanent secondary storage device

Calling a function

Procedure involves providing the name of the function, providing the value of all parameters if any, providing space to store the output. Example: This is the function: function add (x,y) { y = y*5-10; x = x+y; return x; } This is calling the function with inputs "ABC" and 10. var result = add ("ABC", 10); Result is "ABC40"

Creating a function

Procedure involves writing the statements and providing a function declaration with a name, list of the outputs and their data types, and the output if any.

Software

Programs the computer follows to perform functions

How would you place an image on a separate line in HTML?

Put paragraph tags around it

Abstract

Remove the basic concept, idea, or process from a situation.

Internet Etiquette

Rules that civilized people use when communicating and interacting on the Internet

Program

Sequence of simple computer instructions in some language which tell the computer the necessary steps to solve a problem or complete a task.

Superkey

Set of attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple in a relation.

Encryption Protocol

Stores or transmits data in such a way that only users with the correct access privileges can use it.

Generalization

Summarizes an idea, concept, or process that applies to many situations.

Domain Names

Text names for computers that are easier to remember. Must be in heirarchy, with the most general part of the hierarchy at the end of the name. Example: people.ok.ubc.ca

Central Processing Unit

The "brains" of the computer as it directs data flow inside the machine and shows how to perform basic operations

Artificial Intelligence

The ability of a computer to mimic human intelligence in certain situations.

Variable

The name that the programer use to refer to a location in memory.

Cardinality

The number of tuples it contains

Information Representation

The organizational structure and operations used to store, process, and manipulate data in a computer.

Hardware

The physical part of the computer

Programming

The process of constructing programs in order to instruct a computer on how to solve problems. It is the act of writing out the steps of an algorithm.

TCP/IP

The structure (language) and protocol used for communication between computers on the internet.

Language

The structure and syntax used to communicate to the computer the tasks it is required to perform.

Anchor text

The text in the document that is highlighted

Event source

The user interface component that generated the event.

Heading Tags

There are 6 levels of heading defined. <h1>, <h2>,...<h6>. Each heading creates a new line and displays in a large font.

Domain Naming System (DNS)

Translates the human-readable names into IP addresses. There are DNS servers on the Internet which provide this mapping function. A DNS has a similar function as a phone book - each internet computer knows the IP address of its nearest DNS server and when you use a domain name in a request, your computer asks the DNS server to look up the IP address.

Phishing

Use of spam messages to trick users into supplying passwords and financial personal data

Absolute Path

Use this type of URL when the page is on a different server. Examples:<a href="http://www.yahoo.com">Go to Yahoo!</a>

Relative Path

Use this type of URL when the page is on the same machine. The path depends on the current page location - where you start from matters!. Examples: <a href="mydir/helloWorld.html">Go to Hello World in mydir</a>

Comments

Used by programmer to document and explain the code. It is ignored by the computer.

Flash Memory

Used in many portable devices and also solid-state drives

Decisions

Used to allow the program to perform different actions in certain conditions

Anchor tags

Used to create hyperlinks in the document

STAR - Anchor Tag

Used to create hyperlinks in the document. An anchor tag has two components: 1. Anchor text - the text in the document that is highlighted. 2. Hyperlinke reference - address of the web page to link to. Example: <a href="http://www.yahoo.com">Go to Yahoo!</a>

Analytical Thinking

Uses specific facts and comparisons to back up statements

User Identification

Verify system user is who they say they are

Monitor

Video screen that displays information stored in the computer's memory.

Tag

Words or abbreviations enclosed in angle brackets: < and >. Each tag controls some appearance of the web page.In HTML 5, tags are not case-sensitive.We will use lower case as convention.Tags usually come in pairs such as:<p>Hello world!</p>.

Random Access

You can access any location in any order

Sequential Access

You can only get to a particular location by visiting previous locations in sequential order

Operationally attuned

being aware of how a gadget works


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