Cosmetology State Board Examination Review (California)
What is the recommended strength of Quats for the salon & spa industry
1 : 1,000
A client has fine, dense hair, and wants it thinned out. How far from the head, should the stylist hold the razor, or thinning shears?
1 inch
When applying a virgin bleach on the hair, begin the application
1/2 inch away from the scalp and 1 inch from the ends
When applying a virgin THIO relaxer, the application should be done
1/2 inch from scalp to the ends
In a virgin relaxer, the relaxing product should be applied
1/2 inch from the scalp and 1 inch from the ends
In a virgin tint going darker, apply the product
1/2 inch from the scalp until 1/2 from the ends
When applying a virgin SODIUM HYDROXIDE relaxer, the application should be done
1/2 inch from the scalp, 1 inch from the ends
During the Anagen / Active / Primary growth phase of the follicle, the hair grows
1/2" inch per month
For a waxing procedure to be most successful, the hair should be how long
1/4 - 1/2 inch
The minimum sub - partings in a bleach application are
1/8 inch
When relaxing the hair with a Thio relaxer, how wide should the partings be
1/8 inch
If your client began the decolorization process with darkest brown or black hair, how many levels would the hair go through to reach a platinum level / stage
10
How long must implements remain submerged in Quats to be sanitized
10 minutes
Which of the following hydrogen peroxide strengths is deposit only
10 volume
How many hair follicles does the "average" person have on their head
100,000
The average / approximate pH range of a sodium hydroxide relaxer is
11.5-14
What is 40 volume hydrogen peroxide equivalent to
12%
Which of the following would you use to achieve maximum lift in a one-process color
12% or 40 volume
Which angle / degree would create the longest possible layers in a client's haircut?
180 degrees
Which angles / degrees would provide the most movement and volume
180 degrees
How many bones are found in the hand (fingers / digits and palm / carpus)
19
The Catagen State / Stage of hair growth is thought to last approximately how long
2 - 3 weeks
The Anagen, Active, or Primary phase of hair follicle growth is thought to last between
2 - 6 years
How many times must hair be wrapped around the rod to produce one curl
2 1/2 times
Approximately how long will a bleach mixture last before losing its potency
2 hours
A hair press can be expected to last about
2 weeks
The basic ingredient of most neutralizers is either Sodium Bromide or
2% Hydrogen Peroxide
When testing for the presence of metallic dyes / salts in the hair, you should place a strand of the hair in which of the following solutions
20 v. H2O2, 20 drops ammonia, 30 minutes
How far can dry hair be safely stretched without causing damage or breakage
20%
Normal dry hair can be stretched _____% of its length without damage or breakage
20%
The minimum wait time between the application of one decolorization and the next, is
24 hours
How far in advance must a predisposition test, a patch test, or a strand test, be given
24-48 hours
The approximate pH of permanent wave neutralizer is
3 - 5
If a finger nail is lost / removed, approximately how long will it take to grow back?
3 - 6 months
You cut a client's hair in January, 6 months later they return requesting you cut the hair to the same length as in January; how many inches should you remove
3 inches
How often is it recommended to have a relaxer retouch
3 to 4 months
The Telogen State of hair follicle growth lasts approximately how long
3 to 6 months
Which of the following hydrogen peroxide strengths is deposit only
3%
The normal pH of human hair, skin, and nails is
4.5 - 5.5
The pH range of human skin is between
4.5 - 5.5
The approximate pH of an acid permanent wave is
4.5 - 6.5
What is the approximate pH range of neutral / acid-balanced waves
4.5 - 6.5
The approximate pH of an acid balanced permanent wave is
4.5 - 7.9
How far can wet hair be safely stretched without causing damage or breakage
40 - 50 %
Normal wet hair can be stretched _____% of its length without damage or breakage
40 - 50%
The most commonly used elevations in haircutting are
45 degree and 92 degree
In a graduated or layered haircut, the most commonly used elevation is
45 degrees
The most commonly observed elevation in a graduated or layered haircut is
45 degrees
There are ____ bones in the metacarpus
5
In a facial, high frequency current produces germicidal effects (good for acne), but it should not be used on the skin in excess of
5 minutes
If you wanted NO lift, and deposit only, which strength of H2O2 would you use
5 volume
What is the approximate pH range of acid waves
5.8 - 6.8
What is the average rate of daily hair loss
50 - 75 hairs per day
How much would you expect the hair of an average person to grow with in 1 year
6 inches
What is 20 volume hydrogen peroxide equivalent to
6%
If your client began the decolorization process with dark brown or black hair, how many levels could the hair safely go through before serious harm occurred
7
The carpus / wrist contains how many bones
8
There are ___ bones in the wrist / carpus
8
Cold wave solutions will have a pH in the range of
8.2 - 9.6
The approximate pH of a cold wave is
8.2 - 9.6
The approximate pH of an ammonium thioglycolate solution is
8.2 - 9.6
The average pH range of an ammonium Thioglycolate relaxer is
8.5-11.5
If a toe-nail is lost / removed, approximately how long will it take to grow back?
9 - 18 months
if lost / removed, how long will it take to grow a new nail plate / nail body?
9 - 18 months
A uniformed layer cut (same length throughout) is cut at what angle / degree
90
In the average person, what percent of hair is in the Anagen stage at any given time
90%
Client with kinky hair wants it permanently relaxed (straight), stylist should do
A Sodium hydroxide relaxer
Razored cuts may result in frizzy ends after a perm, what cut is best before a perm
A blunt cut
The agent that begins any chemical reaction is know as
A catalyst
Bacteria may be broadly classified into two groups
Pathogenic and non-pathogenic
Unclean implements, particularly brushes / combs, are likely to spread
Pediculosis
In removing band / strip eyelashes
Peel slowly & gently from outer corner
With both chemical and germicidal effects, White and Blue lights are considered
Penetrating
Aniline derivative tints are also known as
Penetrating dyes
Aniline derivative tints belong to the family of
Penetrating dyes
The fold of skin at the sides of the nail
Perionychium
This is the skin surrounding touching and overlapping the nail on 3 sides
Perionychium
this skin surrounds, touches, and overlaps the nail
Perionychium
If the client has 80% grey hair, which of the following is best for maximum coverage
Permanent color
A medium pressure, kneading or rolling motions is called
Petrissage
This change occurs from a blow dry, a curling iron, a hot iron, or a hair press
Physical
This type of change occurs when you change the way matter looks (water into steam)
Physical
A permanent wave involves
Physical and chemical action
A change in the way a product looks without the formation of a new product is a
Physical change
The change in water from a liquid to a solid or to a gas, is an example of
Physical change
When matter is altered such that it looks different (water into ice or steam), this is a
Physical change
The study that deals with the functions of the body is
Physiology
The corrective make-up color used to correct / camouflage a sallow complexion
Pink
Dandruff, can result from extreme changes in temperature, as a contact reaction to certain skin and hair care products, or, as an allergic reaction to certain foods; it can be oily or dry - and goes by the Latin / medical name of
Pityriasis Capitis
Dry and / or flaky dandruff is known as
Pityriasis capitis simplex
Greasy / waxy dandruff is known as
Pityriasis ssteatoidas
These warts, caused by the HPV Virus, are flat, hard, thick growths, usually occurring on the soles of the feet and sometimes look like a circle within a circle
Plantar warts
Accounting for nearly two-thirds of the blood's volume, this is the blood's fluid portion
Plasma
The field of medicine dealing specifically with the feet and related issues is
Podiatry
The amount of moisture the cuticle can absorb is referred to
Porosity
The controlling factor in determining the processing time of hair in a permanent wave is
Porosity
Which of the following is the most important in determining processing time
Porosity
If the client's skin becomes inflamed after a Patch Test is given, this result is said to be
Positive
In the salon, nail techs often use styptic in this form to stop bleeding from minor cuts
Powdered alum
What type of test should be conducted prior to any waxing or exfoliation procedure
Predisposition test
Thinning shears are used to
Remove excess bulk
Using "double-notched" shears will have which of the following effects
Remove less hair than single-notched
Using "single-notched" shears will have which of the following effects
Remove more hair than double-notched
All exfoliation techniques (manual, mechanical, chemical) do essentially the same thing
Remove skin tissue
Angles above 90 degrees are used primarily to
Remove weight
Any human hair, unless the cuticle has been removed, may be referred to as
Remy hair
Hair with a hard / closed / compact cuticle layer is
Resistant and non-porous
The Telogen stage / phase is also known as the
Resting / dormant stage
A nail product used to smooth out and fill in minor depressions in a client's nails is
Ridge filler
What can a nail tech use to smooth out imperfections in a client's natural nails?
Ridge filler
Tinea refers to, or is also known as
Ringworm
Another name for Athlete's foot is
Ringworm of the feet / Tinea Pedis
Tinea capits refers to
Ringworm of the scalp
To remove relaxers from the hair, stop their chemical action, and avoid damage to the hair itself, it is necessary to
Rinse the hair well
Unless instructions say otherwise, to stop the action of a relaxer, the stylist should
Rinse with cool / tepid water
Bacilli bacteria are what shape
Rod
Cocci bacteria are what shape
Round
When doing a roller (wet) set, what should be the width of the parting
Same size as the roller
_______ is the lowest form of decontamination
Sanitation
From lowest to highest, decontamination is as follows
Sanitation, disinfection, sterilization
Bacteria that, do not cause /spread disease and live on dead matter, are called
Saprophytes
Capilli refers to
Scalp hair
When using very hot irons on highly lightened hair, in addition to breakage, you will
Scorch the hair
If the State Board Inspector gave you a failing grade because your implements were unclean and stored in an unsanitary manner, this would mean they were
Septic
Which of the following terms are used to mean unsanitary conditions
Septic
The hair follicle determines the hairs
Shape, size, and density
When slithering hair, the best results will be obtained when using shears with which edge
Sharp
In cutting chemically relaxed hair, it is recommended you use
Shears
Which of the following hair cutting implements may be used on wet or dry hair
Shears
When giving a pedicure with a foot & leg massage, you should not massage over the
Shin bone
If the cuticle of the hair is closed, what effect will this create
Shiny
A haircut using a 180 angle will have which of the following lengths
Shorter interior, longer exterior
What effect does acid have on the hair
Shrink and harden
When using the "clipper over comb" technique, the clippers move
Sideways across top of the comb
A tone lacking warm pigment may be referred to as all of the following except
Silvery tones
Eye tabbing is a process involving the application of
Single individual lashes
In a permanent wave, the diameter of the rod will determine the
Size of the curl
In addition to the size rod used, what determines the size of the resultant curl pattern
Size of the partings / blockings
Hyponychium refers to the
Skin under the free edge
A row of Pin Curls going in one direction beside a row going in the other direction
Skip Waves
A hair set using alternating rows of pin-curls & finger waves is referred to as
Skip waves
When you have combinations of pin-curls and finger waves, this pattern is referred to as
Skip waves
In an "oil-in-water" emulsion, the ration or oil to water would be
Small amount of oil, large amount of H2O
Very fine, thin, or sparse hair, will generally achieve the best result when the stylist uses
Small rods with small blockings
The pedicure process begins by
Soaking the feet in a disinfectant footbath
The basic ingredient in most neutralizers is either H2O2 or
Sodium Bromide
What is the active ingredient in most chemical relaxers
Sodium Hydroxide
What is the basic ingredient used in most chemical relaxers
Sodium Hydroxide
Hair that was relaxed with a thioglycolate based product, should not be treated with
Sodium based product
If a laxer is advertised as "no - lye", you can be certain it is not which of the following
Sodium hydroxide
Which of the following products would work the fastest to relax overly curly hair
Sodium hydroxide
Which of the following relaxers leave the hair unfit for any further chemical service
Sodium hydroxide
Fine hair, especially that around the face / hair line, requires less heat & pressure and a
Soft press
Wrapping the hair 2 to 3 times around the word will produce
Soft to medium curls
Which of the following will decolorize the fastest
Soft, fine, light hair
What effect will acetone have on a sculptured, artificial, or gel nail
Soften
Alkaline products have which action on the hair
Soften and swell
Alkaline solutions have what effect on the hair and skin
Soften and swell
Chemical relaxers will tend to have which of the following effects on the hair
Soften and swell
The action of the perm solution on the hair is
Soften and swell
What effect does Alkaline have on the hair's cuticle layer
Soften and swell
Both Thio and Sodium relaxers will have what effect on the hair
Softening
A mixture of two or more substances, where the particles dissolve and remain dissolved
Solution
A substance which dissolves another substance is referred to as a / an
Solvent
Water, acetone, and alcohol are common salon examples of
Solvents
Extremely curly hair tends to grow
Somewhat slower than the 1/2" norm
The average pH range of a sodium Hydroxide relaxer is
Somewhere higher than a Thio Relaxer
Curling the hair from the scalp to the ends is referred to as
Spiral
Spirilla bacteria are what shape
Spiral or corksctew
Nail shape recommended for individuals who work on computer keyboards
Square
This type of guideline is used in blunt cutting / to create a gradual increase in length
Stationary
A pin-curl will receive both its direction and mobility from its
Stem
A pin curl is made up of which of the following
Stem, base, and circle
The process that effectively kills any transmissible agents (fungi, spores, bacteria, viruses, spore forms, etc.) from food, surfaces or equipment
Sterilization
What is the level of decontamination required wherever blood is regularly drawn
Sterilization
Which process of cleaning implements is generally not used by the stylist
Sterilization
______ is the level of decontamination required for doctors, hospitals, or dentists
Sterilization
_______ is the highest form of decontamination
Sterilization
From the highest to lowest, decontamination is as follows
Sterilization, disinfection, sanitation
Ultra violet sanitizers are very effective when used in what capacity
Store previously disinfected implements
Which rod will produce a uniform curl from root to end
Straight rod
Which of the following terms is not part of pin curl
Strand
In permanent waving, a "Test Curl", is most analogous to giving a
Strand test
The best way to be certain how a color will appear on a clients hair, is to conduct a / an
Strand test
Voluntary muscles are also referred to as
Striated
If the technician causes bleeding to occur during a nail service, they should use
Styptic powder / powdered alum
The fatty layer of the skin that creates softness and suppleness, is called
Subcutaneous / Adipose
A humectant might best be described as
Substance that attracts and absorbs water
Responsible for main taining the bodies internal temperature
Sudoriferous glands
This is a temporary hair removal technique producing results similar to waxing
Sugaring
What is the technical name for the eye lashes and eyebrows
Supercilia & Cilia
The term "Surfactant" is short for
Surface active agent
A blended mixture containing particles that often settle to the bottom upon standing
Suspension
Common "oil & vinegar" salad dressing is an example of a / an
Suspension
When you shake a bottle and watch as some of its contents settle to the bottom, this is a
Suspension
The sudoriferous glands produce
Sweat
Sudoriferous glands are also known as
Sweat Glands
Thermal styling will likely be unsuccessful on which of the following types of wigs
Synthetic
On which part of your razor does your little finger rest
Tang
A light, tapping movememt applied with either the hand or the finger tip is called
Tapotement
A tapping motion applied with the finger tips moving quickly across the face
Tapotement
About 10% of the scalp hair is in this stage / phase at any given time
Telogen
Often referred to as the "resting phase / stage" of hair growth
Telogen
This phase in the life of a hair shaft is often referred to as the resting phase
Telogen
Thermal services are
Temporary
Which of the following colors will not penetrate the cortex
Temporary
Highlighting shampoo is made by the addition of ammonia water and H2O2 to
Temporary colors
Certified colors are
Temporary products
Which of the following is correct in terms of lasting on the hair (shortest to longest)
Temporary, semi-permanent, demi-permanent, permanent
Which of the following terms refers to the hairs elasticity"
Tensile
Which of the following terms refers to the hiars "strength"
Tensile
When doing a chemical relaxer service, the best H2O2 temperature for shampooing is
Tepid
To avoid "Tangling" the hair while rinsing the relaxer, use
Tepid water with medium pressure
This hair is thicker, more pigmented, and found on the scalp, face, and extremities
Terminal
The hair that we are primarily concerned with cutting, is refered to as
Terminal hair
Which of the following should not be used on a pregnant client
Tesla / High frequency / Violet ray
Carpal refers to
The 8 bones of the wrist
The Catagen Stage signals the end of
The active growing stage
Porosity refers to
The amount of moisture the cuticle can absorb is referred to as
Phalanges are
The bones of the fingers & toes
Etiology is the study of
The cause of a disease
To cause a permanent change in the hair, a product must reach what layer
The cortex
The term "solute" refers to
The dissolved substance
The term "Barba" refers to
The hair of the beard
Porosity refers to
The hairs ability to absorb moisture
In the "shear over comb" technique, the angle of the comb will determine
The length of the hair
Which is not an intended consequence of using horizontal lines in haircutting
The removal of weight
Serve to waterproof, cushion, excrete waste, and regulate the body's temperature
The sebaceous & sudoriferous glands
The Integumentary System refers to
The skin, its appendages, and accessory organs
Hypertrichosis and Hirsutism both describe a condition of superfluous hair wherein
There is excessive growth of unwanted hair
Straightening the hair with the use of a hot comb, pressing iron, etc., is known as
Thermal straightening
All of the following are true about guidelines except
They are synonymous with cutting lines
A common reducing agent found in the salon is
Thio
During a permanent wave, if the hair begins to smoke, or the cotton turns purple
This indicates the presence of metallic salts
A "Cornrow Braid" has how many strands
Three
Blood platelets are colorless cells that help in blood clotting, they are also known as
Thrombocytes
A "no stem" pin-curl, or an "on base" roller set, creates
Tight, firm, long lasting curl
Watery blisters and thickened whitish skin between the toes, is known as
Tinea Pedis
Ringworm of the scalp would be referred to as
Tinea capitis
Returning the color to its original shade, whether lighter or darker, is known
Tint back
Two or more cells working together to perform a specialized function
Tissue
Why are high lift tints and bleach applied away from the scalp in a virgin lightening
To achieve even porosity and color
The reason razor cutting requires damp hair is
To avoid pulling the hair
When rinsing a decolorizer from the hair, the stylist should use cool water
To avoid tangling
In hair-cutting, horizontal lines are generally used to / for
To create weight
Why would the stylist use a filler on bleached or highly lightened hair
To even out its porosity
What is the primary purpose of nail primer
To improve adhesion
Exothermic is a term of Greek origin meaning
To release energy in the form of heat
Which type of colors contain pastel shades
Toners
A perm rod is also known as a
Tool
The epidermis is the
Top or outermost layer of the skin
Whether the layers are different lengths or uniform, this type of guideline is used primarily when creating layered / graduated designs
Traveling
Any disease of the hair is called
Trichosis
The study of the hair is called
Tricology
A hospital grade germicide must be a viracidal, bactericidal, fungicidal, and
Tuberculocidal
Hair with an intact cuticle that has been turned so that all cuticles face the same direction
Turned hair
High lift colors often use double peroxide, what does this mean when mixing a tint
Twice as much H2O2 as aniline derivative
A "Fishtail Braid" has how many strands
Two
This act / law requires a P.D. Test prior to the application of aniline derivative tints
U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
This bone is found in the forearm and on the same side as the little finger
Ulna
When doing a permanent wave, a loose curl may result from
Under neutralization
Client's hair is rinsed & neutralized before sufficient curl formation occurs, the result is
Under processed hair
If insufficient cysteine / disulfide bonds are broken in the hair, the likely result will be
Under processed hair / weak curl formation
Using darker foundation colors in corrective make-up will do which of the following
Undesirable features are less noticeable
After a thermal press & curl, how long should you wait to style the hair
Until it has cooled
When attempting to tint highly resistant hair, you should
Use a pre - softener
To remove your client's acrylic nails, you should
Use nippers to remove unwanted acrylic nail, then soak off remainder in acetone
How does good porosity of hair (an open cuticle) effect processing times
Usually shortens them
Pityriasis Capitis, can result from extreme changes in temperature, as a contact reaction to certain skin and hair care products, or, as an allergic reaction to certain foods; it can be oily or dry - and is commonly known as
Dandruff
To reduce the width of an overly broad nose, you would apply
Darker shade on sides of nose
Another term sometimes used for Bleach is
Decolorizer
The principal reason for using thinning shears is
Decrease bulk
If you were going to color your client's hair immediately after perming, which of the following would offer your best (least damaging) choice
Demi-permanent color
Hair thickness can mean different things to different people, for state board, which of the following refers to the actual number of hairs on a person's head
Density
Often referred to as the cuticle, it overlaps the lunula at the base of the nail
Eponychium
The cuticle overlapping the lunula is referred to as the
Eponychium
The point where the nail enters the skin at the nail base is referred to as the
Eponychium
This is found at the base of the nail often overlapping the lunula
Eponychium
This is the cuticle overlapping the lunula at the base of the nail
Eponychium
The growth pattern of hair is determined in the
Follicle
A commonly used ingredient in skin care products used to moisturize the skin is
Glycerin
When cutting the hair with clippers, it is generally best to
Go against the direction of the hair growth pattern
A chalky (white) complexion can be camouflaged by the use of
Gold
A grey, ashen pallor can be covered up by use of
Gold
Layering means the hair lengths have been cut
Graduated
In hair cutting, elevation is used to create
Graduation
A ruddy (red) complexion could be improved with the use of
Green
Blue and yellow are primary colors when mixed equally, they make
Green
Stylist puts blue based toner on hair lightened to pale yellow, what is the result
Green
What is the "Complimentary" color for red
Green
What is the "Opposite" color for red
Green
You have lightened your client's hair from Level 5 to Level 9, you then apply a blue based toner, what is the result
Green
The terms, ash, smoky, and drab are used interchangeably and regard what color base/s
Green, blue, or violet
Canities is another name for
Grey hair
These are the tracks on both sides of the nail, through which it moves as it grows
Grooves / Tracks
Although marketed for sensitive scalps, this type of relaxer will cause more swelling of the hair shaft and is more drying to the hair than hydroxide type relaxers
Guanidine
This type of relaxer is usually advised as a "no - lye" relaxer
Guanidine
relaxer recommended for sensitive scalps and sold "over - the - counter"
Guanidine
What is considered to be the universal solvent
H2O (Water)
Stylists use Activators, Boosters, and Protinators, and ____ as a catalyst
H2O2
Para - phenylene - diamene colors are generally used for
Hair
Poor porosity means
Hair absorbs products poorly and will process slowly
A cap wig contains
Hair attached to elasticized mesh
Conditioning immediately prior to preforming a permanent wave service, may result in
Hair being under-processed
Over oxidation, in any chemical process, may result in
Hair breakaage
The structure located at the bottom of the follicle is known as
Hair bulb
This is the lowest portion of the hair shaft that fits like a "cap" over the papilla
Hair bulb
If the relaxer is left on the hair longer than directions state, what will likely occur
Hair may break
Conditioning immediately prior to performing a permanent wave service, may result in
Hair not absorbing the lotion
"Diameter" refers to the actual size of each hair, diameter can influence
Hair texture
A sign of good porosity in the hair is
Hair will absorb products easily and usually process quickly
Hair has been relaxed with a Hot Iron, then chemical relaxer is applied, what is likely
Hair will break
If the papilla of the hair is destroyed, what will happen
Hair will never grow again
Of the following hair types, which would require the shortest processing time
Hair with good porosity
Of the following hair types, which would require the longest processing time
Hair with poor porosity
Which placement would create a strong curl pattern, with looseness in the finished set
Half stem / half off base
Cuticle creams will help prevent
Hang-nails / agnails
A blunt cut, tends to create lines that are
Hard
When the hair is pressed on both sides, this is referred to as a
Hard press
What type of perming solution should you select for hair with poor porosity
Hard to curl / resistant
Acid solutions have what effect on the hair and skin
Harden and shrink
Acidic products have which action on the hair
Harden and shrink
Designed to reform the hair's disulphide bonds, neutralizers have what effect on the hair?
Harden and shrink
What effect do Acids have on the hair's cuticle layer
Harden and shrink
A neutralizer, stabilizer, or fixative will have what effect on the hair
Hardening
Pathogenic bacteria are
Harmful and disease producing
Which of the following is incorrect about Remy hair derived from humans
Has had its cuticle removed
The function of the medulla is
Has no known function
Which of the following is not true of hand-knotted or hand-tied wigs
Have a bounce back style
All of the following are true of guanidine relaxers except
Have a lower pH than Thio relaxers
Pediculosis capitis refers to
Head lice
Acid balanced permanent wave products tend to be more gentle on the hair, but they require the addition of ______ to work
Heat
When preforming a virgin bleach or high - life color, why does the hair closest to the scalp process more quickly
Heat from the scalp speeds lightening
Modern thermal irons tend to be made of "fine steel" because it allows them to be
Heated evenly
A highly alkaline perm would be a good choice for all the following except
High-lift, color treated hair
The study of the microscopic anatomy of plant and animal cells, including their structure and function is known as
Histology
These hair-cutting lines are used to create a sense of weight and stability
Horizontal
Which of the following design lines would be used to add weight / build weight line?
Horizontal lines
If your client has brittle / dry nails or dry cuticles, what should you recommend
Hot oil manicures
What is the best manner in which to treat agnails
Hot oil manicures
Remy hair refers to hair that is or has
Human hair that was chemically processed
The largest bone in the arm is known as the
Humerous
Shampooing, blow drying / curling irons, and brushing, will break which bonds of the hair
Hydrogen
Which bonds are easily broken by water, wind, humidity, and styling tools
Hydrogen
The main ingredient in most permanent wave neutralizers is
Hydrogen Peroxide
Nail bleaches and lightners usually contain
Hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following would a cosmetologist use to pre - soften resistant grey hair
Hydrogen peroxide
Often referred to as the "Adam's Apple", the actual name for this bone is the
Hyoid
A sudden elevation or increase in the amount of sweat produced is referred to as
Hyperhidrosis
The skin beneath / under the Free Edge of the nail
Hyponychium
The tissue beneath the distal end (free edge) of the nail and the finger or toe;
Hyponychium
The tissue beneath the free edge of the nail is known as
Hyponychium
This refers to the tissue that is found under the free edge of the nail
Hyponychium
If liquids cannot be mixed, they are said to be
Immiscible
Which of the following products are not added to bleach to speed up the action
Impediments
When shaping eyebrows using tweezers, in what direction should the hairs be removed
In the direction of the hair growth
The nail is composed of a substance known as
Keratin
The name for the protein making up your skin, hair, and nails
Keratin
Which of the following is not a type of bond found in the hair
Keratin
Disinfection means to
Kill / eliminate microorganism on a surface
The term phalanges may also refer to
Knuckles
Process where a hydroxide relaxer removes one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond
Lanthionization
Short, fine, soft hair with pigment
Lanugo
This short, fine, pigmented hair is often observed on premature babies
Lanugo
This hair is pigmented, quite fine, and can often be found all over the body
Lanugo hair
Although similar, lanugo hair is easily distinguished from vellus hair because
Lanugo hair has pigment
Lanugo hair can be easily distinguished from vellus hair because
Lanugo hair has pigment
The primary distinction between vellus and lanugo hair is
Lanugo has pigment, vellus does not
In an "water-in-oil" emulsion, the ration of oil to water would be
Large amount of oil, small amount of H2O
When perming bleached hair use
Large rods
Very dense hair (hairs per square inch, not the diameter of the hair), will provide the best results in a permanent wave if wrapped with
Larger rods with small blockings
Bleach is a very effective disinfectant for
Laundry (including towels and capes)
Which of the following can be achieved with the "shears over comb" technique?
Layering the nape very close to the skin
Which of the following can be achieved with the "shears over comb" technique?
Layering very close to the skin
When doing a retouch relaxer service, it is a good idea to
Leave conditioner on previously relaxed hair during the service
Hypo (low) - pigmentation of the skin, caused by a decrease in melanocyte activity
Lecoderma
In the "scissors over comb" technique, holding comb flat against the head will result in
Less scalp visibility / longer hair
What is the effect of "Off-Base" placement on the hair
Less volume
If the medulla is absent from an individual's hair, that person would have
Lesser diameter
Pediculosis refers to
Lice
What is the action of a high lift color (w/ appropriate developer) on the hair
Lift and deposit pigment
What is the action of an aniline derivative tint color (w/ appropriate H2O2) on the hair
Lift and deposit pigment
What is the action of a dye solvent (w/ appropriate developer) on the hair
Lift artificial pigment
What is the action of a bleach (w/ appropriate developer) on the hair
Lift natural pigment
If you lightened your client's medium brown hair to lightest pale yellow, and you apply a blue based toner, what will be the result
Light Green
When pressing grey hair, use
Light pressure and lowest heat possible
Under processing will generally result in
Loose curls
Using very cold water while rinsing the relaxer, will cause all of the following except
Looser curl
When using hot irons on highly lightened hair, use
Low heat
When pressing extremely processed hair, use
Low heat and light pressure
When pressing fine or damaged hair, use
Low heat and light pressure
The blood is resupplied with oxygen by the
Lungs
A half-moon at the base of the nail is known as
Lunula
Crescent shaped witish area of the nail bed (not always visible)
Lunula
This is a colorless -/slightly yellow liquid found in blood plasma
Lymph
If a client has a round face, the professional make-up artist will try to
Make the face appear longer (oval) with less width at the center
This is the deep fold of skin within which the nail root & matrix are found
Mantle
What test can be performed to distinguish between synthetic and human hair wigs
Match test
Once destroyed, which part of the nail will not grow again?
Matrix
This portion of the nail effects its shape, size, and rate of growth
Matrix
In cutting very straight hair, what degree of tension is recommended
Maximum tension
In cutting very straight hair, what degree of tension is recommended?
Maximum tension
In blow-drying and wet-setting, the use of over direction will create
Maximum volume
What is the effect of "Half Off-Base" placement on the hair
Medium volume
If your client wanted longer layers, what angles / degrees would you correctly use
A combination of 45 and 90 degrees
If the hair is extremely porous, the cosmetologist should probably use
A filler
A bacterial or viral infection, carried by the blood, throughout the body
A general or blood borne infection
A cap wig is
A good choice if you are bald
Client with kinky hair wants it temporarily relaxed (completely straight) you should do
A hard press / double press
Pimples, boils, and carbuncles that contain pus, are all examples of
A local infection
When a roller is placed half off-base, it is done to achieve
Medium volume
In the salon industry, the word "Tool" refers to
A perm rod
Extremely resistant canities hair may require the stylist to use
A pre-softner
A client with kinky hair wants it permanently relaxed until its curly, stylist should do
A soft perm
A client with kinky hair wants it temporarily relaxed with large curls, stylist should do
A soft press
After decolorizing a client's hair, you would likely use
A toner
Client has white hair discolored with yellow streaks, apply _____ to correct the yellow.
A violet toner
White hair is discolored with yellow streaks, apply ____ to correct the yellow
A violet toner
If the stylist is attempting to create finger waves and the comb does not penetrate to the scalp to make certain the hair at the scalp is moving, the result will be
A weak wave
What is the function of a "dehydrator" when applied during an artificial nail application
Absorb oil & moisture
Hair with good porosity will
Absorb products quickly, process quickly
When removing artificial nails or nail enhancements, use
Acetone
Black, White and Grey are often referred to as
Achromatic colors
Hydrogen peroxide is
Acid
If a solution has less Hydroxy atoms than it has Hydrogen atoms, it is a / an
Acid
Neutralilzers are usually
Acid
The neutralizer for a permanent wave or chemical relaxer is
Acid
The neutralizer used in a permanent wave solution / chemical hair relaxer is
Acid
A permanent wave that requires placing the client under a heated dryer, is probably
Acid and endothermic
Which of the following takes longer to rinse from your client's hair
Acid perm
What type of rinse would be a bad choice just prior to applying a temporary color
Acid rinse
Which permanent wave will cause the least swelling / opening of the cuticle
Acid wave
Most "60 second" rinses are ____to counteract the ____ pH of most shampoos
Acid, alkaline
A neutralizer, stabilizer, or fixative is
Acidic
Because of its germicidal effect, high frequency may be useful in the treatment of
Acne
For what type of skin are facial scrubs contra-indicated (not advisable)?
Acneic
The process where the body produces antibodies to fight infection is known as
Active or natural immunity
When conditions are optimal for bacterial growth and reproduction (warm damp, etc.)
Active or vegative/ vegetative
A strand test reveals too much yellow in the hair, what would correct this
Add a violet toner
A strand test reveals too much orange in the hair, what would not correct this
Add a warm toner
In a haircut, vertical lines will do all of the following except
Add weight
A strand test reveals a greenish cast in the hair, all of the following are incorrect except
Adding a warm toner
The nerves that carry impulses towards the brain are known as
Afferent nerves
The technical term for a "hangnail" is
Agnail
The technical term for a hang nail is
Agnail
Very dry cuticles may result in which of the following
Agnail (hangnails)
Improper use of nail nippers may result in
Agnails
A congenital defect wherein the skin is unable to produce melanin is referred to as
Albinism
If a solution has more Hydroxy atoms than it has Hydrogen atoms, it is a / an
Alkali
Although incompatible, Sodium and Thio relaxers are both
Alkaline
Exfoliating creams usually have a pH in what range?
Alkaline
Most shampoo is usually
Alkaline
Most soap is usually
Alkaline
Permanent Wave solutions tend to be
Alkaline
Chemical relaxers and permanent wave solutions have what effect on the hair
Alkaline so they swell and soften
Thick, coarse hair, with poor porosity, is probably resistant to any chemical service and would usually require the application of which type perm solution
Alkaline wave
Often used in place of ammonia to raise the pH of products (no unpleasant odor)
Alkalonamines
NaCl (Table salt) is a compound formed by
All of the above ( The joining of an acid and a base / The joining of an acid and an alkali / The joining of an acid and an alkaline)
A cap wig is
All of the above ( Usually hand-knotted / Usually hand-tied / Usually under-knotted)
Hydrogen Peroxide in different strengths has which of the following actions
All of the above (2% is used to cleanse the skin / 10 v. is used as a deposit only / 6% and above is used to lift and deposit)
Over direction is a cutting technique that may be used in
All of the above (A layered cut; A graduated cut; A length increase moving towards the front)
In the "diamond shaped" face, the greatest width will be found
All of the above (At the zygomatic bone / At the cheek bones / At the malar bone)
A "Blunt Cut", is sometimes referred to as / as a
All of the above (BOB; Zero degree / elevation; One length / Solid form
If the relaxer is rinsed with cold water, there is a good chance the hair will
All of the above (Break; Revert; Tangle)
Yak hair can be
All of the above (Curled, permed, relaxed, and colored / An allergen to many people / Mixed with synthetic hair to lower price)
What bonds are broken during a permanent wave procedure
All of the above (Cystine / Disulfide / Cystine or Disulfide)
Test curls are given to
All of the above (Determine processing time / Determine porosity / Hair with good elasticity)
Antioxidants are often added to prevent spoilage in
All of the above (Hair care products / Food stuffs / Cosmetics)
When stored together, sodium bromate and ammonia are combustible and may produce
All of the above (Highly unpleasant odors / Fire / Toxic fumes)
A capless wig is
All of the above (Machine made / Composed of wefts sewn together /Generally less expensive than a cap)
Neutralizing shampoos are sometimes referred to as
All of the above (Neutralizers; Stabilizers; Fixatives)
A common example of a widely used humectant is
All of the above (Propylene glycol / Sorbitol / Glycerin)
Decontamination refers to
All of the above (Sanitation / Sterilization / Disinfection)
In a chemical relaxer, the action of the neutralizer is to do which of the following
All of the above (Stop the action of the processing solution; Reform the broken bonds of the hair; Establish how curly / straight the hair will be)
Lanugo hair does not have which of the following
Medulla
There are 3 layers / parts of the hair shaft, which is the inner most layer
Medulla
Which two layers of the hair shaft are responsible for the diameter of a hair shaft
Medulla & Cortex
The coloring material of the hair is known as
Melanin
The technical / medical term for the palm of your hand
Metacarpus
An example of a progressive hair dye is
Metallic dyes
Chemical relaxers and permanent wave solutions will often begin to "smoke" on the client's head if there is / are _____ on the hair
Metallic dyes
_____ leave the hair unfit for further chemical services
Metallic dyes
Permanent waves, chemical hair relaxers, decolorizing, and permanent hair coloring, are all contra - indicated on hair that has been previously treated with
Metallic salts
Bacteriology is the science dealing with the study of
Micro-organisms
What strength relaxer would you suggest using on fine / damaged hair
Mild
What type of perming solution should you select for hair with excellent porosity
Mild
Miscible is another term for
Mixable
If artificial nails are lifting from the nail bed, this may cause
Mold and infection
Soft, fine, broken hair, that may appear "Beaded"
Monilethrix
Hair with an open cuticle layer is
More porous
What is the effect of "On-Base" or "No-Stem" placement on the hair
More volume, less movement
Non-Remy hair is
Most commonly available hair
Remy hair is
Most commonly available hair
Myology is the study of
Muscles and muscle tissue
A common compound formed by an acid and a base is
NaCl
The nail root and nail matrix are located in this cup / pocket like structure
Nai mantle
Onychophagy may increase blood flow to the ____ and cause the nail to grow faster
Nail Matrix
Contains many nerves and blood vessels
Nail bed
Portion of the nail assembly where the nail plate rests, contains blood vessels & nerves
Nail bed
In a permanent wave, the action of the neutralizer is to do which of the following
All of the above (Stop the action of the processing solution; Reform the broken bonds of the hair; Establish how curly the hair will be)
In a chemical relaxer, the action of the fixative is to do which of the following
All of the above (Stop the action of the processing solution; Reform the broken bonds of the hair; Establish how straight the hair will be)
Why is the product initially applied away from the scalp in a virgin / high - lift tint
All of the above (The scalp will process faster; To achieve even lightening; To avoid possible scalp burns)
High quality Quats (quaternary ammonium compounds) is / are
All of the above (Viracides / Fungicides / Bactericides)
Which of the following is the most correct
All of the above are correct (On base=No stem; Half off base=Half stem; Off base=Full Stem)
A mild acid rinse, such as vinegar, can be used to
All of the above(Close the cuticle; Increase shine; Remove built up soap / shampoo scum)
The best way to determine how a client's hair, skin, or nails will react to a certain product is to conduct , any or all of the following except
Allergy test
The term for baldness is
Alopecia
The term for baldness in patches, usually the result of illness or injury
Alopecia areata
The term for baldness / hair loss which occurs over the entire body
Alopecia universalis
Because they are incompatible and usage may cause extensive breakage, hair treated with a Sodium hydroxide relaxer should not be treated with
Ammonium Thioglycolate
Which of the following takes the least time to rinse from your client's hair
Ammonium Thioglycolate perm
What is the active ingredient in most cold wave solutions
Ammonium thioglycolate
Because hair may react as either an acid or base, it is considered to be
Amphoteric
A disulphide relaxer, often marketed as "less damaging" to the hair, is or has
An acidic pH
Face cream is a good example of
An emulsion
What is used to dry and harden gel nails
An ultra-violet light
About 90% of the scalp hair is in this stage / phase at any given time
Anagen
Active and Primary are terms associated with what stage of the hairs growth cycle
Anagen
In the average person, in what stage is most of the hair at any given point in time
Anagen
The "Active growth phase of hair
Anagen
The primary growth stage of the hair
Anagen
What is typically the longest phase / stage/ state in the hair follicle growth cycle
Anagen
The study that deals with the structures of the body is
Anatomy
In razor cutting, the amount of hair removed in one razor stroke is dependent upon
Angle of the razor
When pushing back cuticles, how should the nail technician hold the pusher
Angled with medium pressure
It is generally not allowable for the stylist to color a client's cilia; however, if you decide to do so, which of the following products should you not use
Aniline derivative tints
Toners are
Aniline derivative tints in pale, delicate shades
3% H2O2 is used as a / an
Antiseptic
If bleeding occurs during a manicure / pedicure, use
Antiseptic
After rinsing perm solution from the hair, which of the following chemicals is applied
Any of the above (Fixative / Neutralizer / Stabilizer)
This is the largest artery in the body
Aorta
To make a large prominent nose appear smaller, you would
Apply a darker foundation at the bridge, tip, and sides of the nose
After tweezing a client's eyebrows, you should
Apply astringent
This muscle causes "Goose Bumps" whenever there is a sudden temperature change
Arrector Pili
Portion of the hair follicle responsible for causing the hair to stand up (goose bumps)
Arrector Pilli
The blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart and out towards the body
Arteries
The use of creams, oils and other products are used during thermal styling
As a protection from heat damage
Amphoteric means that a product may react
As an acid or an alkaline
When should the cotton placed around the hairline in a permanent wave be changed
As soon as solution stops dripping
If an object is free form pathogenic bacteria, it is said to be
Aseptic
Which of the following terms are used to mean sanitary conditions
Aseptic
Most human hair used in wig manufacturing comes from
Asia
A person who has a disease, is contagious, and yet shows no symptoms of that disease is
Asymptomatic
Application of individual false eyelashes should begin
At the center of the eye and move outwards
In the "diamond-shaped" face, the greatest width will be found
At the cheek bones
To correct very wide set eyes, and make them appear closer together, the makeup artist will probably apply shadow
At the inner portion of the lid
Relaxer application generally begins
At the nape
The stylist should begin the application of the chemical relaxer
At the nape or most resistant areas
To correct very close set eyes, and make them appear further apart, the make-up artist will probably apply shadow
At the outer corner of the upper lid
In discussing a haircut, where is the perimeter located?
At the outer edges
In the "heart-shaped" face, the greatest width will be found
At the temples
Where should the rubber bands be placed when wrapping a permanent wave
At the top of the rod
Thickened white skin and watery blisters between the toes are indications of
Athlete's foot / Tinea Pedis
A common affliction caused by Tinea Pedis or Ringworm is
Athletes Foot
The term "Lipophilic" most nearly means
Attracted to oil or oil loving
The term "Hydrophilic" most nearly means
Attracted to water or water loving
Which of the following is not a form of high frequency current
Auricular
Involuntary muscles (heart, lungs, ect.) are controlled by what nervous system
Autonomic
Triangular shaped bases in a pin-curl set can be used to
Avoid any splits in the dried style
When doing a thio based relaxer, why does the stylist use the wider side of the comb
Avoid overstretching the hair
Students test the heat of thermal tools on a piece of white tissue paper. This is to
Avoid usage of excessively hot tools
When applying a high lift - high volume virgin tint on the hair, begin the application
Away from the scalp up TO the ends
Which bacterial form(s) can produce spores when survival conditions become difficult
Bacilli
Of the three types of bacteria studied, which two are motile / mobile
Bacilli & Spirilla
Which of the following is the Latin / technical name for a beard?
Barba
Flexible comb, used in a "scissors over comb" technique, creates a close / tight neckline is
Barber comb
In the "shears over comb" cutting technique, which comb is generally used
Barber comb
Stand up pin-curls are often referred to as
Barrel curls
A softening and swelling of the hair will occur when which of the following is applied
Base
Another term for an alkaline is
Base
The adhesive coat for nail polish is the
Base coat
The correct order of application in polishing a client's nails would be
Base coat, enamel, top coat
The product protecting the scalp from irritation in a relaxer service is known as
Base cream
Chemical hair relaxers will tend to
Be alkaline
The most important factor in achieving a strong finger wave is
Be certain the hair at the scalp is moving
An eyebrow pencil should be sharpened
Before and after every usage
Onychophagy is the technical term for
Bitten nails
Onychophagy refers to
Bitten nails
A comedone extractor would be used to treat
Black-heads
Sodium Hypoclorite, is more commonly known as
Bleach
____ may not be used, if hair has been treated with a metallic salts product
Bleach
In hair coloring, the expression "double process" refers to
Bleach and Tone
Decolorizing is another term for
Bleaching
there is no wave pattern after perm has completed processing time. What can you do
Blot and re-saturate with new perm solution
You have applied the apparently correct perm solution to the client's hair, and after 10 minutes there is no curl formation beginning, what should you do
Blot and use stronger perm solution
A client has lightened his / her hair to an odd shade of orange. They are unhappy with it. What color should you use to tone the orange from the hair
Blue
The law of color suggests you would use which of the following to darken a color
Blue
What is the darkest pigment color
Blue
Which of the following is not a secondary color
Blue
A yellowish cast in hair could be camouflaged by using a
Bluing rinse
Tapering has many different names, which of the following is not a name for tapering
Blunt
tapering has many different names, which of the following is not a name for tapering
Blunt
Club cutting is a method of cutting the hair
Blunt and straight across
A small, pus filled abscess is referred to as
Boil
Osteology refers to the study of
Bones
Which of the following is another term for "base" product
Both A & B (Alkali / Alkaline)
Which of the following is another term for alkaline
Both A & B (Alkali / Base)
Which of the following is another term for alkali
Both A & B (Base / Alkaline)
Which bonds must be broken to allow the permanent wave or relaxer to occur
Both A & B (Cystine / Disulfide)
If a client has Metallic Salts / Dyes on their hair you should not give a
Both A & B (Permanent wave; Chemical hair relaxer)
Which type of wrap or perm is generally suggested for long hair
Both A & B (Spiral / Double halo)
One of the functions of "primer" when applied during an artificial nail application?
Both A & B are correct (Absorb oil & moisture; Allow for better bonding)
The area from the nail root to the free edge, contains no blood vessels / nerves
Both A & C (Nail plate & Nail body)
Ringworm of the feet is referred to as
Both A & C (Tinea Pedis; Athlete's Feet)
If the ends of the hair are not in the curling iron, the likely result will be
Both A and B (An unhappy customer / Fishhook ends)
In a thermal press & curl, the stylist should begin the press
Both A and B (At the nape / Close to the scalp)
Using extremely high heat on white, grey, lightened, or tinted hair may cause the hair to
Both A and B (Discolor/Scorch)
During which period in the permanent wave process does oxidation occur
Both A and C ( Neutralizing; Processing)
Which of the following hair cutting implements could be used on dry hair?
Both A and C (Shears; Clippers)
In a permanent wave procedure, when should the cotton be removed
Both B & C (Before rinsing / After saturation)
Nail tech will shape / file the nail prior to soaking in the nail bath, this is done because
Both B & C (Filing dry nails is easier for the nail tech; Filing damp nails is more difficult)
Refers to the growth of dark, coarse hair, in areas where usually hair does not grow
Both B & C (Hirsutism / Hypertrichosis)
The active ingredient in nail bleach or whiteners is
Both B & C (Hydrogen peroxide; H2O2)
In a waxing procedure, the cooled / hardened wax should be removed
Both B & C (Rapidly / In the opposite direction of hair growth)
Pressing combs are usually made of
Both B & C (Steel / Brass)
Slithering / effliating refers to the technique of decreasing bulk by
Both B & C (Thinning the hair; Opening& partially closing shears up & down the hair shaft
Heavy conditioning prior to a permanent wave may cause weak curl formation
Both B & C (Too few disulfide bonds are broken / Too few cystine bonds are broken)
After the removal of perm solution, relaxer, bleach, or aniline tints, hair is in what state
Both B and C (Alkaline; Base)
When decolorizing hair, strand tests are preformed to test for
Both B and C (Elasticity; Decolorization)
Certified colors are most often found in
Both B and C (Temporary colors; Color rinses & mousses)
Slithering / effilating refers to the technique of decreasing bulk by
Both B and C (Thinning the hair; Opening & partially closing shears up & down the hair shaft)
The comb used in a thermal styling service is usually made of
Brass
Stretching of the hair during the application of the relaxing cream, will cause it to
Break
If the rubber band is twisted while wrapping a perm, what will be the likely outcome
Breakage
Once hair is relaxed with a Thio relaxer, the application of a new Thio relaxer may cause
Breakage
Excessively foul smelling sweat is called
Bromidrosis
Which of the following procedures might be a bad idea prior to tinting the hair
Brushing
Before the nail tech applies artificial nail enhancements, the natural nail must be
Buffed
An angle below 90 degrees, is used primarily to
Build weight
Caustic is a term that refers to
Burn
When using a higher volume H2O2 than manufacturer recommends, what is likely
Burning of client's scalp
Shaving is an example of cutting or removing the hair at the level of the skin, what is the term used for this type of hair removal
Depiliation
What is the action of a deposit only color (w/ appropriate developer) on the hair
Deposit pigment
What is the action of a semi or demi - permanent color on the hair
Deposit pigment
The technical name for skin is
Derma
If a positive result is observed, including inflamed skin, this is a condition known as
Dermatitis venenata
If your client has predominantly grey hair (canities), and they show you the color they would like on a color chart, what should you do / use
Chose a color one shade darker than shown
Both motile, bacilli and spirilla are able to move about by use of
Cilia and Fafella
A "positive" reaction to a P.D. Test would mean that
Client is allergic to the product
For a natural effect, the shape of the finger nails should conform to the shape of the
Client's fingers
Which of the following would not be useful to thin out the hair
Clippers
To create the appearance of height, cut the hair
Close at the nape and high in the crown
A vinegar rinse will remove residual soap from the hair's cuticle and
Close it and add shine / luster
An acid rinse can be used to do which of the following
Close the cuticle and add shine
When not in use, manicure / pedicure implements should be stored in a
Closed container
In a roller-set, the part of the hair / curl closest to the head is referred to as the
Closed end
Eye shadow concentrated at the inner most corner of the lid will cause the eyes to appear
Closer together
The formation of this type of hair signals the end of the Catagen stage of hair growth
Club hair
Aniline derivative tints are derived from
Coal tar
A Hard Press is most suited for which type of hair
Coarse hair
An acid or acid balanced perm would be good for all the following hair types except
Coarse, virgin hair
Round or circular in shape, these bacteria may appear singular or in groups
Cocci
If a mixture contains particles larger than those found in a solution, it is referred to as a
Colloid
If a client wants a perm and color, what would be the recommended order
Color then perm
Which of the following is not a possible reason for a curl that is too loose
Color treated hair
Which of the following is not a strength of professionally made relaxers
Color-Treated
The technical name for a blackhead is
Comedone
A disease which can be spread to others is known as
Communicable
Which rod will produce a tighter curl at the end than at the root
Concave rod
Which of the following cannot be used to reform the hair after the relaxer is removed
Conditioner
An oxidizing solution might contain all the following except
Conditioners
Common salon emulsions include
Conditioners
Conjunctivitis, Tinea, Scabies, Pediculosis, and the common cold are all conditions that will prevent the cosmetologist from working, these conditions are considered
Contagious or communicable diseases
The neutralizer causes the hair to
Contract and reform
What is the largest organ of the body
Dermis
Which of the following is not true of the hair bulb
Determines shape of the hair shaft
These hair-cutting lines are used to create a sense / illusion of movement
Diagonal
Texture refers to
Diameter
Which of the following terms refers to the actual size of the hairs on a person's head
Diameter
Diagonal lines may be used in a haircut to accomplish all of the following except
Direct the eye from side to side
What would be the first step in a chemical relaxer service
Discuss with client
_______ is the level of decontamination required in a spa or salon setting
Disinfection
Which of the following is not a section of a muscle
Distal
What liquid could your use to reduce the strength of Hydrogen Peroxide
Distilled water
Chemical relaxers are designed to break which bonds of the hair
Disulfide
Permanent wave solutions are designed to break which bonds of the hair
Disulfide
What bonds are broken during a permanent wave procedure
Disulfide
Which hair bonds can only be broken chemically
Disulfide
Which type of bonds require the application of a chemical to break them
Disulfide
When giving a manicure, the proper procedure for dealing with cuticles is
Do not cut unless client insists
The nail matrix and nail root are found here
Nail mantle
Contains the blood, lymph and nerves from which new nail cells are generated
Nail matrix
This is the active tissue from which new nail cells are generated
Nail matrix
The excessive heat often generated by electric nail sanders may harm the
Nail plate
All nourishment is supplied to the nail from the
Nail root
A semicircular fold of skin overlapping the nail plate on either side
Nail wall
If the nail matrix is destroyed, what will occur
Nail will not grow again
In the "shears over comb" technique, the stylist should begin the haircut at the
Nape
In what section does one generally began to wrap a perm
Nape
Aniline derivative tints may safely be applied if the P.D. test was
Negative and between 24 & 48 hours
Oxidation occurs during which of the following periods
Neutralization
A permanent may be air neutralized or self neutralized, these terms mean
Neutralizer is not used
During which period in the permanent wave process does oxidation occur
Neutralizing
Another name for a birthmark is
Nevus Flameus
The instrument used for trimming the cuticle is a
Nipper
Alkaline waves should be applied with
No heat
The product protecting the scalp from irritation in a "no-base" relaxer is known as
No scalp cream is applied in a no-base relaxer
In a pin-curl set, which of the following placements creates maximum volume
No stem
Which croquignole curl (roller set / curling iron) creates the least movement in the hair
No stem / On base
Which of the following would create the firmest curl with the strongest wave pattern
No stem / On base
Which type of placement creates the least degree of movement or softness
No stem / on base
To create a tight, firm, long lasting curl, use
No stem curls
An ammonium thioglycolate solution is an alkaline or cold wave and should be wrapped with
No tension
When cutting a "cowlick", what tension should be used
No tension
In the "shears over comb" technique, you should work with an area
No wider than the comb
The biggest / largest / best selling hair in the world is
Non-Remy hair
When removing polish from artificial nails, use
Non-acetone
The vast majority of bacteria are
Non-pathogenic
Bacteria that live on dead matter and use it for energy are called
Non-pathogenic / saprophytes
Involuntary muscles are also referred to as
Non-striated
Another name for strip lashes is
None of the above (Banded lashes / Individual lashes / Attached lashes)
Although anyone may decide an allergy, patch or predisposition test might be a good idea, which agency is responsible for "Ordering" that these types of tests be administered
None of the above(The state government; The State Board of Cosmetology; Salon management)
Which governmental agency enforces health and safety standards in the workplace
OSHA
This bone forms the back / rear most portion of the skull
Occipital
In a wet set, which of the following placements would result in the lease volume
Off base
If the client seeks loose curls or waves with the greatest movement or mobility, use
Off base or full stem curls
The sebaceous glands produce
Oil
Common emulsions used in the salon & spa industry are
Oil & water
Sebaceous glands are also known as
Oil Glands
An example of immiscible liquids is
Oil and water
An overactive sebaceous gland would produce
Oily skin
Hair cut on an "angle" is also referred to as being cut
On a Bias
When in use, how should manicuring / pedicuring implements be kept?
On a clean towel
A steel nail pusher should be used
On a moist nail
Which rod placement in a permanent wave set will create the greatest tension (thereby increasing the chance of breakage) during the permanent wave
On base
Which rod placement will create the greatest volume in a permanent wave set
On base
A No-Stem curl, would be the equilavent of a / an
On base curl
To create a tight, firm, long lasting curl, use
On base curls
For maximum volume, use
On base, no stem
Pressing creams, oils, and other products designed to protect the hair, should be used
On dry hair after the shampoo
A client's hair is 70 - 80 % grey and wants it tinted to its original color. Choose
One shade darker than the original
Atrophy or wasting away of the nail plate, may be the result of injury or disease
Onychatrophia
A bacterial infection with pus at the nail matrix is known as
Onychia
An inflammation at the base of the nail
Onychia
Infection at the nail base, usually with pus, untreated can cause loss of the nail
Onychia
Tight shoes, or improper trimming of the toe-nails, may result in
Onychocryptosis/ingrown toe-nails
The technical term for bitten nails is
Onychophagy
The Latin / medical / technical term for nails
Onyx
The latin / medical term for nails is
Onyx
The study of the growth and structure of nails is known as
Onyxology
An acid rinse may be used to achieve all the following except
Open the cuticle
What is the purpose of pre - softening before the application of a one step color
Open the cuticle
In hair coloring, the word "complimentary", means the same as
Opposite
When applied to white or very light grey hair, Hennas will produce what color
Orange
Which one of the following is not one of the primary colors
Orange
You have lightened your client's hair from a Level 3 to a Level 6, what is the underlying exposed warm pigment and what is the correct Toner to create a neutral result
Orange / Blue
Two or more types of tissues working together to perform a specialized functions
Organ
The study of matter that is alive, or was alive at some point in time, is called
Organic Chemistry
Matter containing carbon is studied by which branch of science
Organic chemistry
The study of matter that is alive, or was alive at some point in time, is called
Organic chemistry
The fixed / non-movable attachment of a muscle is called
Origin
The fixed attachment of a muscle is called
Origin
The portion of the muscle attached to the bone (known as the "Fixed" attachment)
Origin or Proximal
"Fringe" is another term for "bangs" and is generally used to cover the area
Outer corner of the eyes
In a make-up application, what is considered the "ideal" shaped face
Oval
Most nail techs consider the ideal nail shape is
Oval
What facial shape are most professional make-up artists trying to mimic or create
Oval
To place your curl directly on-base and produce a tight, long lasting curl, you would use
Over direction
The hair is dry and brittle after a permanent wave, this is most likely the result of
Over neutralization
Hair that appears very curly when wet, but frizzy or straight when dry, has been
Over processed
The proper position for the shampoo cape while shampooing a client's hair is
Over the chair
When doing a retouch relaxer service, avoid
Overlapping the previously relaxed hair
This chemical reaction occurs when H2O2 is combined with an aniline derivative tint
Oxidation
Aniline derivative tints are also known as
Oxidative tints
Because most oxidative tints contain known allergens, prior to use they require a / an
P.D. Test
What coloring effect would the use of Chamomile produce on very light hair
Pale, yellow blonde tone
When cutting a BOB, Blunt Cut, or Solid Form, the most common cutting position is
Palm Down
What is the best method to handle your shears if you stop cutting momentarily
Palm them, closed, facing stylist
While cutting a client's hair, if the stylist momentarily stops cutting, what is the best method to handle the shears
Palm them, closed, facing the stylist
When cutting diagonal lines (movement), the most common cutting position is
Palm up
A tiny cup-shaped pit buried within the fatty layer of the scalp
Papilla
Projection of the dermis surrounded by a small "cap" like structure referred to as the
Papilla
This is found at the base (bottom) of the hair follicle
Papilla
Which of the following ingredients, all used by the cosmetologist, is the principal ingredient in semi, demi, and permanent hair color
Para phenylenediamine
A synthetic organic compound derived from coal tar used to give color to hair dye
Para-phenylene-diamine
This is the widest portion of the head, sometimes referred to as the "crest area"
Parietal
A bacterial infection of the tissue around the nail
Paronychia
The term used to indicate inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate / body
Paronychia
When the body relies on the injection of antibodies from another source to fight infection
Passive or acquired immunity
Henna is an example of what type of tint
Vegetable
Short hairs, 1 to 2 centimeters in length, containing little or no pigment
Vellus
Short, fine, light colored/unpigmented hair, often observed on women and children
Vellus
This hair is unpigmented, quite fine, and can often be found all over the body
Vellus hair
Although vellus and lanugo hair are similar, vellus hair can be distinguished because
Vellus hair has no pigment
A stimulating, brisk shaking movement, done with the finger tips is called
Vibration
All of the following will open the cuticle or keep it open, except
Vinegar
Which of the following products are acids
Vinegar
A client's hair has been lightened to a shade of pale yellow, they want to see no warmth in the hair, you should use a toner with what base color
Violet
What color neutralizes yellow when tinting
Violet
What is the "complimentary" color for yellow
Violet
What is the opposite color to yellow
Violet
You have lightened your client's medium brown hair to lightest pale yellow, what toner should you apply to achieve a neutral / platinum blonde shade
Violet
A 3 strand braid using the under-hand technique is also known as
Visible braid
Approximately 12% of sunlight is comprised of
Visible light
Irregular shaped patches of the skin depigmentation (typically on hands, face, & neck)
Vitiligo
Which type of shampoo may increase porosity and hasten color fading
Volumizing
Following a thermal press & curl, how long should you wait to style the hair
Wait until the hair cools
When tinting, Red, Orange, and Yellow are classified as
Warm colors / tones
If the dermatologist says you have verrucas, you have
Warts
Paraffin is
Wax
Which of the following would likely need to be melted prior to use
Wax
A haircut using a 0 degree / angle is referred to as all of the following except
Wedge
When deciding if the processing time of a permanent is completed look for
Well developed "S" pattern
When cutting the hair with a razor, the hair should be
Wet or Damp
A swollen lesion usually lasting only a few hours, often caused by an insect bite
Wheal
The application of a virgin tint going lighter, should begin
Where the hair is the darkest
The application of a virgin tint going darker, should begin
Where the hair is the lightest
Leucocytes are
White blood cells
Milia are more commonly referred to as
White heads
Leukoderma refers to
White patches on the skin
Leuconychia is a condition that usually presents as
White spots / streaks under the nails
One easy way to test for the presence of carbon is that carbon
Will burn
Acid permanent waves should be wrapped
With firm even tension
Alkaline permanent waves should be wrapped
Without tension
From what animal do manufactures obtain most of the non-human hair used in wigs
Yak
If not synthetic, wigs in fantasy hair colors are most often made from
Yak hair
You have lightened your client's hair from Level 5 to a Level 9, what is the underlying exposed warm pigment and what is the correct Toner to create a neutral result
Yellow / Violet
A congenital defect such as causes Albinism, is one that
You are born with
If hair is wrapped less than 2 1/2 times around the rod, the result will be
little to no curl
A compound dye, is generally made by combining metallic salts with
vegetable dyes
A group of brownish spots, without elevation, occurring in one spot is called
Chloasma
The effect of effleurage movements would be
Relaxing
Silking, refers to
Relaxing the hair with heat
An area of the thickened skin
Callus / Keratoma
The hydroxide relaxer breaks the disulfide bond (it losses one atom of sulfur) thereafter, it is referred to as a "Lanthionine Bond", these bonds
Can never be reformed
Which is not one of the stages in the life of a piece of hair
Canities
A client has extreme hair loss, or is bald. And they wish to disguise this. Which of the following wig choices would you recommend
Cap wig
Hair of the scalp is referred to as
Capilli
Machine made wigs are
Capless
The chemical element, the presence of which, separates organic form inorganic, is
Carbon
The 8 bones of the wrist are called
Carpal
During this stage of hair growth, a "Club Hair" will be formed
Catagen
The secondary stage, during which hair growth slows down
Catagen
This stage / phase is often referred to as the "Transition Stage"
Catagen
The brain and spinal cord are part of what nervous system
Central
Colors approved by the FDA that do not require a P.D. Test prior to use
Certified Colors
Which one of the following colors would not require a predisposition test
Certified color
Para - phenylene - diamine is an ingredient found in all the following except
Certified colors
To avoid chemical burns to a client's skin, it is best to
Change cotton after applying perm solution
Another name for the Zygomatic or Malar bone is the
Cheek bone
Permanent hair-color change is an example of what type of change
Chemical
This type of change occurs when you change the matter to form a new substance
Chemical
Which method of sterilization is commonly used in the salon & spa industry
Chemical
A permanent hair-color followed by a wet set, is an example of what type of change(s)
Chemical and physical
If the saturated cotton is left on the skin too long, what may occur
Chemical burns
Vigorous brushing or shampooing prior to any chemical service may result in
Chemical burns
A change in the composition of a substance wherein a new substance is formed
Chemical change
When matter is altered in such a way that it produces a totally new substance, this is a
Chemical change
Which type of haircut could be used to disguise a large chin and / or prominent jaw line?
Chin length BOB
When tinting , Blue, Green, and Violet are classified as
Cool colors / tones
Colors with no warmth (red, orange, yellow) are considered
Cool shades
Unless otherwise instructed by manufacturer, when rinsing any relaxer it is best to use
Cool to tepid water
Usually, pressing comb handles are wooden, while the combs themselves are made of
Copper & Brass
Always file natural nails
Corner to center
Plastic combs and metal shears should not be placed in bleach because bleach is
Corrosive
Wavy nail ridges, often the result of uneven growth due to injury, are known as
Corrugations
All permanent chemical changes to the hair occur in the
Cortex
In which layer of the hair do all permanent chemical reactions occur
Cortex
In which part / layer of the hair shaft, do all "chemical reactions" occur
Cortex
In which part / layer of the hair shaft, do all "permanent changes" occur
Cortex
The layer of the hair in which melanin will be found
Cortex
There are 3 layers / parts of the hair shaft, which is the middle layer / part
Cortex
Which one of the following services would likely not require a Predisposition Test
Cream decolorization
Common salon emulsions include
Creams
Common salon examples of colloids are
Creams
Check the hair in the opposite direction from that which it was cut
Cross checking
There are 3 layers / parts of the hair shaft, which is the outer most layer / part
Cuticle
Pumice powder is most commonly found in
Cuticle cream
Remy means
Cuticle faces direction of original growth
Remy hair has
Cuticle running in the same direction
The angle at which the fingers are held during a hair cut
Cutting line
Another name for disulfide bonds is
Cystine
What is the different name for the Disulfide Bond
Cystine
Which bonds must be broken to achieve a permanent change
Cystine
Which type of bonds require the application of a chemical to break them
Cystine
Which bonds are primarily responsible for the hairs strength and elasicity
Cystine or disulfide
A thio relaxer should be applied to
Damp hair
Functions as a barrier to stop bacteria / infection from getting to the nail matrix
Eponychium
The decolorization process is best done on hair that is
Dry
When cutting hair with electric clippers, the hair should be
Dry
Over neutralization will result in
Dry / brittle curl
It is recommended that you cut kinky curly hair
Dry after straightening
It is recommended that you cut extremely curly hair
Dry cut before straightening
Implements that have been cleansed, and are ready for use, should be kept in a
Dry sanitizer
If the cuticle of the hair is open, this will create what effect
Dull
Any product designed to remove artificial color from the hair is known as
Dye solvent
If a stylist wants to remove tint / artificial color, they should use
Dye solvent
What would you use to remove old, very dark tint
Dye solvent
Which agency regulates & approves the efficacy of products used for infection control
EPA
Nerves that carry impulses away from the brain to the targeted muscles are known as
Efferent nerves
Very thin nails that are brittle and less flexible than usual are referred to as
Eggshell nails
Thermal styling may be done on wigs made of
Either human or remy hair
Which of the following is the most important in determining the hair's ability to hold a curl after the perm procedure
Elasticity
To what does the term "tensile" refer
Elasticity / strength
The only permanent hair removal technique
Electrolysis
The angle / degree at which you hold the hair out from the scalp prior to cutting
Elevation
Contraction of the arrector pile muscle (anger, fear, cold) causes which of the following
Elevation of the hair follicle
Another name for a "binder" holding two or more immiscible substances together
Emulsifier
Surfactants functions as
Emulsifiers
A mixture of two or more immiscible substances, joined together with the aid of a binder
Emulsion
An acid permanent wave requiring heat from an external source to work is known as
Endothermic
Oil or moisture under a nail enhancement may cause
Enhancements to lift / fall off
Which agency approves the efficacy of products used for infection control
Environmental Protection Agency
Which of the following agencies is responsible for approval of disinfectant solutions
Environmental Protection Agency
Found at the nail base, may overlap the lunula and extend as far back as the first knuckle
Eponychium
Which of the following will not cause nail fungus
Excessive primer
Onychocryptosis is a condition that may result from
Excessively tight shoes
An acid permanent wave that generates its own heat is known as
Exothermic
The permanent wave lotion will cause the hair to
Expand
In hair cutting, the area below the parietal / crest is referred to as the
Exterior
The application of individual false eyelashes is often referred to as
Eye tabbing
The thinnest skin is found on the
Eyelids
Which governmental agency mandates the use of a P.D. Test prior to using aniline tints
FDA
Which governmental agency regulates cosmetics in the United States
FDA
Non-Remy hair is also known as
Fallen hair
When doing a "tint - back" from a lighter color, which of the following should be used
Filler
The best method to clean a curling / pressing iron is with
Fine steel wool
On which part of your cutting shears does your little finger rest
Finger Brace / Guard
On which part of your cutting shears does your little finger rest
Finger brace / guard
Often referred to as the "Foundation of Hairstyling"
Finger waving
For the most natural look, the shape of the nail should conform to the shape of the
Fingertips
Poor wrapping technique may cause breakage, uneven curl formation and
Fishhooks
The metacarpus / palm of the hand contains how many long & slender bones
Five
To stop the chemical reaction after relaxer has been removed, stylist should use / apply
Fixative, neutralizer, or stabilizer
Hair previously relaxed with a sodium hydroxide product should not be
Flat ironed
In addition to, or instead of, Quats; what other product will effectively sanitize tools
Formalin
If the stem direction is going towards the client's face, it is referred to as
Forward movement
Bromhidrosis
Foul smelling sweat
Patchy brown skin discoloration, often the result of hormonal changes / pregnancy
Freckles
Portion of the nail extending beyond the end of the finger / toes, and protecting the tip
Free edge
When the palms of the hands / finger tips are used in rubbing motion, this is called
Friction
When receiving a permanent wave, razored ends may result in which of the following
Frizzy ends
If your client has almost entirely grey hair and wants to darken it to its original color, where should begin to apply the product
Front
If your client has almost entirely grey hair and wants to darken to its original color, where should you begin to apply the product
Front
Which part of the hair is most easily broken during a thermal straightening service
Front or hairline
Which of the following would create a curl with the weakest / loosest wave pattern
Full stem / Off base
Which type of placement creates the greatest degree of movement or softness
Full stem / off base
Beveling is a hair cutting technique used to create
Fullness by cutting the ends at a slight taper
Eye shadow concentrated at the outer most corner of the lid will cause the eyes to appear
Further apart
The technical name for a "Boil" is a
Furuncle
This is a contagious, pus filled abscess, generally caused by a bacterial infection
Furuncle
If the relaxer comes into contact with the skin or scalp, it must be
Gently removed with a moist towel
When used in skin care, high frequency will produce a
Germicidal effect
Bacteria are also known as
Germs & Microbes
When applying false eyelashes, because of the adhesive used, it is advisable to
Give a P.D. test and wait 24 - 48 hours
When trying to create more body in fine hair
Give a blunt cut
An oxidative tint is best mixed in a container made from
Glass / plastic
When clipper cutting hair, the clippers should be held in what relationship to the comb?
In the same position as the comb
Anhidrosis
Inability to sweat
When conditions for growth and reproduction are poor, the bacteria will protect itself, and this stage is referred to as
Inactive or spore forming
what is the purpose of pre - softening before the application of a bleach application
Increase porosity
Onychia refers to a condition where
Inflammation at the base of the nail with pus usually present
Approximately 80% of sunlight is comprised of
Infra red
The study of matter that is not alive, or never was alive, is called
Inorganic chemistry
The portion of the muscle furthest from the "Fixed" attachment / bone, is the
Insertion or Distal
During a massage, muscles are typically manipulated from the
Insertion to the origin
Remy hair
Intact cuticle running in the same direction, prevent tangling
In hair cutting, the area above the parietal / crest is referred to as the
Interior
To avoid ingrown toe-nails (onychocryptosis) do not file or clip
Into the corners of the nails
Inverted braids are also known as
Invisible braids
Before performing any nail service, the nail tech should attempt to find out if the client
Is diabetic
Remy hair
Is difficult to tangle
In "Fallen Hair", Which of the following is true of the cuticle
It has been removed to prevent matting
The action of the perm solution will continue until which of the following occurs
It is neutralized
If your Predisposition Test shows negative results, what should be done
Proceed with service
Reduction occurs during which of the following periods
Processing
Builds up and coats the cuticle, with repeated applications makes the hair darker
Progressive dye / tint
Which of the following is not a part of your cutting shears
Prong
Products are often placed in cobalt blue or amber colored bottles for what reason
Protect contents from light
The use of end papers make it easier for the cosmetologist to wrap the hair in perm rods; however, the primary function of end papers is to
Protect the ends
Condition describes a forward growth of the cuticle covering most of the nail plate / body
Pterygium
This bone is found in the forearm and on the same side as the thumb
Radius
When cutting extremely curly hair, avoid which of the following cutting implements
Razors
Which of the following hair cutting implements is best used on wet / damp hair?
Razors
What base type is best used for barrel curls
Rectangular
The simplest way to correct a greenish cast in blond hair would be with
Red
What color could be used to neutralize a green cast in the hair
Red
What portion of the thermal pressing comb carries the heat and does the pressing
Red
Erythrocites are
Red blood cells
Which of the following choices correctly identifies the 3 primary colors
Red, Yellow & Blue
The process that occurs when the permanent wave solution is dissolving the disulfide bonds in the hair shaft is referred to as
Reduction
The active ingredient in the perm solution itself, acts as a / an
Reduction agent
The application of a neutralizer has what effect on the hair
Reform broken hair bonds
If your Predisposition Test shows positive results, what should be done
Refuse service
If your client has lice, what must you do?
Refuse service
Which of the following will remove the greatest amount of hair
Regular shears
The sudoriferous glands function to
Regulate temperature
The concentration of Hydrogen ions in a solution, suspension, or emulsion is called
pH