COVID Exam answers

What is the R-nought of COVID-19? a. 12-18 b. 5-10 c. 2-3 or 2.5 d. more than 100

c. 2-3 or 2.5

How long can respiratory droplets containing the viruses that cause COVID-19 hang in the air after an infected person sneezes, talks, sings, or coughs? a. 1 day b. 20 minutes c. 3 hours d. 1 week

c. 3 hours

Which of the following coronaviruses has the highest mortality rate? a. SARS-CoV-1 b. SARS-CoV-2 c. MERS-CoV

c. MERS-CoV

If you test positive for COVID-19, why is it important to remain on campus and NOT return home? a. so that you can help create COVID-19 herd immunity on campus b. so that you can share the virus that causes COVID-19 with other students in the dorms c. so that you do not spread the virus that causes COVID-19 to your family and potentially a new location which was free of COVID-19 cases d. so that you eat the food on campus (otherwise it will go to waste) e. so that you can spread COVID-19 to employees at UW Oshkosh

c. so that you do not spread the virus that causes COVID-19 to your family and potentially a new location which was free of COVID-19 cases

Which of the following was NOT an effect of the 1918 influenza A virus/pandemic? a. It killed 20-40 year olds. b. It killed quickly (2-3 days) c. Those infected suffered from edema and their lungs filled up with fluid. d. It caused paralysis. e. It caused an immune system over-reaction called a cytokine storm.

d. It caused paralysis.

Which Phase of a clinical trial for a vaccine involves a large scale study with thousands of volunteers and is used to determine the efficacy of the vaccine? a. Pre-clinical phase b. Phase I c. Phase II d. Phase III

d. Phase III

Which country did not order a lockdown to control the spread of COVID-10? (Schools, bars, gyms and restaurants were kept open.) a. India b. Gernany c. Israel d. Sweden e. Italy

d. Sweden

Which of the following challenges were NOT experienced by New Yorkers when COVID-19 spread to NYC in March, 2020. a. shortage of PPE b. shortage of ventilators for patients with COVID-19 c. shortage of beds for COVID-19 patients d. water shortage

d. water shortage

The WHO recommends that the positivity rate of COVID-19 testing get below _________ before restrictions can be relaxed in the community. a. 50% b. 20% c. 15% d. 10% e. 5%

e. 5%

Who was determined to be patient zero of the COVID-19 pandemic? a. Li Wenliang b. Anthony Fauci c. a butcher at the live wet food market d. a virologist at the Wuhan Institute e. It is not known.

e. It is not known.

What country leads the world in the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths? a. China b. India c. Russia d. Italy e. United States

e. United States

Pandemics occur when ____________ is lacking in a community or population. a. coffee consumption b. poultry and pork consumption c. the production of N95 masks d. birth control e. herd immunity

e. herd immunity

SARS-CoV-2 is NOT known to infect which of the following hosts? a. dogs b. ferrets c. bats d. house/domestic cats e. turtles

e. turtles

Which of the following repurposed drugs reduced lung inflammation of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and decreased deaths by 33% in a clinical trial that took place in the United Kingdom? a. remdesivir and dexamethasone b. remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine c. prednisone and remdesivir d. zithramycin and hydroxychloroquine e. tamiflu and xofluza f. dexamethasone g. hydroxychloroquine

f. dexamethasone

By taking the UW Oshkosh Titans Return pledge, you agree to do all of the following except ______________________? a. wear a face mask upon entry to any campus building and outdoors when physical distancing is not possible. b. report symptoms or COVID-19 testing results. c. maintain physical distancing from others whenever possible. d. disinfect shared items and commonly touched surfaces. e. stay home if feeling ill or having COVID-19 symptoms. f. spread COVID-19 to as many people on campus as possible

f. spread COVID-19 to as many people on campus as possible

True or False. True estimates of the number of COVID-19 cases will never be known due to inadequate testing. a, True b. False

a, True

The U.S. is dependent upon China as a global supplier of _________________. a. 153 key acute critical drugs b. textbooks c. paper d. camera equipment e. designer jeans

a. 153 key acute critical drugs

What is the incubation period of a SARS-CoV-2 infection? a. 2-14 days (common range is 3-7 days after exposure/infection) b. 1-4 days after exposure/infection c. 2-21 days after exposure/infection d. 1-10 days after exposure/infection

a. 2-14 days (common range is 3-7 days after exposure/infection)

What is "contact tracing"? How is it used during the current COVID-19 pandemic? a. It is an outbreak investigation to determine who has been within 6 feet distance of a person who has been confirmed by laboratory diagnosis as a COVID-19 positive case. The contact must have been exposed to this person for at least 15 minutes. b. It is an outbreak investigation to determine who is not infected with the virus that caused COVID-19 pandemic. c. It is an outbreak investigation to determine if an infected person responds positively to antiviral drugs used for other viral infections. d. It is an outbreak investigation to determine who will become a severe case of COVID-19.

a. It is an outbreak investigation to determine who has been within 6 feet distance of a person who has been confirmed by laboratory diagnosis as a COVID-19 positive case. The contact must have been exposed to this person for at least 15 minutes.

Which of the following facilities and/or industries were reported as COVID-19 hotspots in the U.S.? a. Nursing homes, prisons, meat packing plants b. Nursing homes and gyms c. Nursing homes and hardware stores d. Meat packing plants and bookstores

a. Nursing homes, prisons, meat packing plants

____________ is the segregation from the general population of healthy persons who are not ill but have been exposed to an individual who suffers from a contagious disease. a. Quarantine b. Isolation c. Filtration d. Celebration e. Contact tracing

a. Quarantine

What is one of the main reasons why colleges struggling to re-open this fall? a. The number of COVID-19 cases among students on campuses are rising due to large "unsafe" (no masks or social distancing) group gatherings. b. There is not enough food available for students who need to be in quarantine. c. There is not enough funding for masks and disinfectants for students and instructors. d. The dorm food is lousy.

a. The number of COVID-19 cases among students on campuses are rising due to large "unsafe" (no masks or social distancing) group gatherings.

At the time of this writing, according to the Winnebago County Health Department, there is uncontrolled spread of COVID-19 in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. a. True b. False

a. True

True or False. Depression, suicide rates, and domestic abuse have decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. a. True b. False

a. True

True or False. Presymptomatic COVID-19 positive people go on to develop symptoms later in the course of the disease. a. True b. False

a. True

True or False. Survivors of COVID-19 who had mild symptoms continue to spread COVID-19 after their recovery. a. True b. False

a. True

The age distribution mortality curve for influenza in the U.S. from 1911-1917 was ______________. a. U-shaped b. S-shaped c. M-shaped d. cyclic e. W-shaped

a. U-shaped

Both influenza A viruses (the cause of the 1918 flu) and SARS-CoV-2 causes an immune system over reaction referred to as _________________. a. a cytokine storm b. chronic fatigue syndrome c. Gullian barre syndrome d. lockdown fatigue

a. a cytokine storm

Which of the following measures has Governor Evers of Wisconsin ordered to reduce the spread of COVID-19? a. a stay at home order and universal masking b. that everyone in Wisconsin be tested for COVID-19 c. the installation plexiglass in all retail cashier lanes d. that every household should order toilet paper for 3 months

a. a stay at home order and universal masking

Studying ___________________ records of Wuhan, China has allowed experts to discern that the number of cases and deaths associated with COVID-19 was underestimated or under-reported. a. crematorium b. contact tracing c. potter's field d. emergency room e. school

a. crematorium

COVID-19 had catastrophic effects on what industries? a. cruise ship/tourism industry and commercial air travel b. textile industry c. outdoors/camping d. oil drilling industry

a. cruise ship/tourism industry and commercial air travel

What is the main mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2? a. droplet and airborne/aerosol transmission b. oral-fecal transmission c. transmission through fomites (contaminated surfaces) d. sexual intercourse

a. droplet and airborne/aerosol transmission

According to Dr. Mike Hansen's experience with COVID-19 patients in the ICU, all of the patients _______________. a. had low vitamin D levels b. were obese c. had high levels of testosterone d. produced high levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-1

a. had low vitamin D levels

The first coronavirus disease discovered in the U.S. was _____________. a. infectious bronchitis, a disease of chickens b. fatal hepatitis in lab mice c. common colds in children under the age of 10 d. severe diarrhea in reptiles at a Milwaukee zoo

a. infectious bronchitis, a disease of chickens

A ____________ is a person who was infected with SARS-CoV-2 but was not hospitalized but continued to experience lingering effects of the infection that have lasted more than 4 weeks. a. long hauler b. asymptomatic carrier c. vegetarian d. lockdown hauler e. pandemic hauler

a. long hauler

What businesses and opportunities emerged in many countries as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic? a. online shopping and online education b. robotics for cutting hair at home c. improved subway systems d. advances in self-driving cars e. the development of new water purification systems

a. online shopping and online education

When is a person infected with SARS-CoV-2 MOST CONTAGIOUS? a. right after they are infected and show no signs or symptoms of disease b. when they are coughing during the course of illness c. when they are recovering and symptoms have tapered off

a. right after they are infected and show no signs or symptoms of disease

Which SARS-CoV-2 gene is being engineered as a vaccine to prevent cases of COVID-19? a. the Spike or S gene b. RNA polymerase gene c. the Matrix or M gene d. the hemagluttinin or H gene e. the protease or P gene

a. the Spike or S gene

What is "lockdown fatigue"? a. the feeling of being more tired than usual during the stay at home or lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic b. the feeling you get when you accidently lock yourself out of your dorm room or car c. the feeling of drowsiness due to the lack of caffeine d. the feeling you get before being quarantined for COVID-19

a. the feeling of being more tired than usual during the stay at home or lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic

During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S., there were shortages of ______________ in stores. a. toilet paper and hand sanitizer b. shaving cream and finger nail clippers c coffee and toilet paper d. fiber one bars and toilet paper e. vitamins and canned vegetables f. milk and cheese g. alcohol

a. toilet paper and hand sanitizer

It has been hypothesized by some experts that _____________ could be a form of variolation against SARS-CoV-2. a. universal masking b. pricking the skin with sputum from a COVID-19 patient c. premastication d. spitting in each other's eyes

a. universal masking

Currently uncontrolled community spread in the Winnebago County (Oshkosh/Neenah area) has been associated with the behavior of COVID-positive individuals belonging to what age group? a. 1-10 year olds b. 18-24 year olds c. 30-40 year olds d. 80-90 year olds

b. 18-24 year olds

___________ is the separation of ill/infected and contagious people from healthy people. a. Quarantine b. Isolation c. Filtration d. Celebration e. Contact tracing

b. Isolation

Which of the following people are known as infectious disease experts that are interviewed by the media for accurate COVID-19 information? a. Donald Trump and Mike Pence b. Michael Osterholm and Anthony Fauci c. Mathew McConaughey and Jon Stewart d. Tony Evers and Andrew Leavitt e. Yoshi Kawoaka and Tommy Thompson

b. Michael Osterholm and Anthony Fauci

Which of the following measures were not taken in order to prevent influenza cases from spreading in Oshkosh, Wisconsin during the 1918 flu? a. Schools were closed. b. Public gatherings were encouraged. c. A house was converted into an emergency hospital for flu patients. d. There was a curfew on how long bars could be open e. A no spitting ordinance was enforced. f. Churches were closed and people were told to worship at home.

b. Public gatherings were encouraged.

In 1918, social distancing dramatically reduced the number of influenza cases in _________________. a. Philadelphia b. St. Louis c. New York City d. Piscataway e. Milwaukee

b. St. Louis

Which country crushed COVID-19 through stringent lockdown measures and universal masking? a. India b. Thailand c. Israel d. Sweden e. Italy

b. Thailand

An asymptomatic carrier of COVID-19 ____________________. a. is infected with SARS-CoV-2 and will get sick after the incubation period. b. is infected with SARS-CoV-2, is contagious and will shed viruses while breathing and talking even though he/she will never develop signs or symptoms of disease. c. is not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. d. suffers from a mild form of COVID-19. e. suffers from a severe form of COVID-19 which will require hospitalization.

b. is infected with SARS-CoV-2, is contagious and will shed viruses while breathing and talking even though he/she will never develop signs or symptoms of disease.

A mask recent study determined that _____________ were ineffective in blocking respiratory droplets. a. N95 masks b. neck gaiters c. 3 layered surgical mask d. cotton-polypropylene-cotton mask

b. neck gaiters

Which of the following neurological symptoms are experienced by people who have a mild case of COVID-19. a. brain fog b. new loss of taste and smell c. blood clots that cause a stroke d. hyperactive gag reflex

b. new loss of taste and smell