CPHIMS Exam

A remote region has been identified as an underserved area due to a shortage of many different clinical professionals including psychologists. Which of the following technology solutions is the BEST option to increase access to psychology consults? A. video conferencing B. teleconferencing C. email communication D. instant messaging

A. video conferencing Via video conferencing, the clinical can see the patient and hear the patient. Seeing and hearing the patient are necessary for a proper psychological consultation.

The goal of establishing data standards is to: A. ensure that systems accomplish what they were designed to do. B. represent and share information and knowledge in a standard format. C. ensure vendor performance in all aspects of information systems design. D. enable users to build and integrate applications throughout the system.

B. represent and share information and knowledge in a standard format. Data standards promote the consistent recording of information and are fundamental to the efficient exchange of information.

A director is preparing the IT department budget for the upcoming fiscal year. A patient care system maintenance contract will automatically renew at the end of the 2nd quarter next year. The contract term calls for a 10% increase from the current contract rate of $12,000 per annum. What amount should be budgeted? A. $12,060 B. $12,120 C. $12,600 D. $13,200

C. $12,600 "C" is correct because $12,000 X 1/2 year = $6,000; $12,000 plus 10% = $13,200. $13,200 X 1/2 year = $6,600. Total for the whole year = $12,600.

A CIO has been given a training and travel budget based on the staff level allowances outlined in the table below. The amounts indicated are on a per person basis: The CIO can spend more on a lower level staff, but must be within the overall budget. What is the total department training and travel budget for the year? A. $9,000 B. $30,750 C. $62,250 D. $351,000

C. $62,250 2($1500 + $2000) + 4($1000 + $1500) + 8($750 + $1000) + 25($500 + $750) = $62,250.

Which of the following tools do practitioners of continuous quality improvement use? 1. histograms 2. scatter diagrams 3. Gantt charts 4. bar charts A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

B. 1, 2, and 4 only Gantt charts are used to show a sequence of tasks that span across time. It is not a continuous quality improvement tool.

Which of the following is the BEST method to capture effective feedback from customers utilizing an organization's help desk service? A. Invite each customer to participate in a post-service satisfaction survey through an independent process. B. Have help desk personnel conduct a posts-service satisfaction interview of selected customers. C. Require randomly selected customers to participate in a post-service satisfaction interview through an independent process. D. Have customers issue written complaints when service is deemed inappropriate.

A. Invite each customer to participate in a post-service satisfaction survey through an independent process.

Which of the following functions are typically performed by a health information management professional? 1. diagnosis and procedure coding 2. system implementation 3. content retention 4. record administration

1, 3, and 4 only Item #3, system implementation, typically involves hardware, software, network and training. This would not be performed by a health information management professional.

When performing a systems analysis, which of the following steps should precede identification of alternate processes and potential solutions? 1. Define opportunities 2. Conduct a needs analysis 3. Identify requirements 4. Design a prototype A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

A. 1, 2, and 3 only A systems analysis should be guided by a written definition of the business problem, which defines opportunities, so #1 is true. Exploring the dimensions of the business problem from a user's perspective and specifying user needs by conducting a needs analysis, is an appropriate step, so #2 is true. Once a problem is defined and analysis has been performed, high level functional requirements can be defined, along with dependencies and constraints, so #3 is true. Conducting a prototype indicates an alternative choice, so #4 is false.

Which of the following are examples of technology applications directed at improving patient care? 1. web page offering health information 2. remote monitoring of pacemakers 3. chatroom fibromyalgia sufferers 4. claims management system A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

A. 1, 2, and 3 only #4 is not correct because a claims management system focuses on fiscal management, not improving patient care. All other options are examples of technology applications directed at improving patient care. Any option with #4 in it cannot be correct.

Which of the following is a prescreening tool used in the selection process to limit the number of vendors included in the formal bidding process? A. request for information B. vendor's annual report C. letter of understanding D. request for proposal

A. request for information A request for information is sent to vendors asking for general product information and capabilities. Based on the response, the organization will then choose whether or not to keep them in the selection process.

A healthcare system has a significant problem with registrars creating duplicate medical record identification numbers. The systems has over 100 decentralized departmental registration points spread over a campus to make the check-in process more convenient for patients. Which of the following would have the MOST impact? 1. creating a centralized registration area 2. implementing an automated master patient index system 3. monitoring duplicate medical record numbers periodically 4. permitting registrars to correct duplicate medical record numbers A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

B. 1, 2, and 4 only Because monitoring the problem alone will not prevent the problem from occurring in the first place and is not a preventative strategy, #3 is false. This means that the option without #3, option "B" is the correct answer.

Which of the following are ways to internally promote system services? 1. conducting roadshow product demonstrations 2. offering bonuses for training completion 3. issuing monthly newsletter updates 4. publishing post-implementation outcomes A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

C. 1, 3, and 4 only While #2, offering bonuses for training completion, is a helpful way to encourage training, it does not promote services.

When is the BEST time for a post-implementation study? A. immediately after the project is completed B. on-going throughout the project C. 3 to 9 months after project implementation D. upon the unsuccessful conclusion of the project

C. 3 to 9 months after project implementation The project takes time to settle in with bugs and learning curves. Three to 9 months allows things to settle in and on-going problems to be identified. The team would have adequate time to collect the user feedback for the lessons-learned process and the formal closeout.

At which of the following care settings should a large, orthopedic healthcare organization anticipate the highest volume of postoperative patient services? 1. urgent care 2. rehabilitation 3. assisted-living 4. home health A. 1 and 3 only B. 1 and 4 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 2 and 4 only

D. 2 and 4 only A rehabilitation center's (#2) primary service is therapies designed to restore functioning to patients following orthopedic surgery which means a large number of post-operative patients. A home health facility (#4) often receives orders for postoperative services in a patient's home environment.

A universal goal to improve patient safety is the use of: A. surgical pause. B. patient privacy process. C. diagnosis-related groups. D. peer review.

A. surgical pause.

A clinical informatics professional within an acute care setting typically does NOT need to possess skills and/or experience in which of the following areas? A. clinical medicine B. computer science C. quantitative statistics D. population health

C. quantitative statistics

An applications manager is charged with implementing a new electronic nurse documentation system. Which of the following is the FIRST step to ensure a successful implementation? A. Create an implementation team of IT, clinical, and ancillary services staff. B. Formulate a plan to install a new wireless network for mobile workstations. C. Set up a comprehensive, around-the-clock training for the nursing staff in each clinical unit. D. Make plans to purchase one workstation for each nurse in a clinical care position.

A. Create an implementation team of IT, clinical, and ancillary services staff. The best first step is to create an implementation team consisting of representative stakeholders of the project. This team will help define all necessary requirements for implementation.

A new compliance officer is beginning to assess the organization's adherence to information security policies. The FIRST step is to determine if the organization has: A. formally assigned security responsibility to an individual. B. created an employee security awareness program. C. completed a review of security policies and procedures. D. performed a test of the physical security of the organization's information systems.

A. formally assigned security responsibility to an individual. The other options are not correct because while they describe individual components of an overall security plan, none of them would be the first step.

A newly recruited IT director for a multi-facility organization discovers the percentage of network outages is exceeding the organizational standard for network availability with several facilities. Upon visiting each facility, the director discovers variations exist in typology, physical media, network equipment, equipment maintenance and replacement programs, and the currency of finance updates on such equipment. By tradition, each facility has been allowed to independently manage all aspects of its network infrastructure. After performing a gap analysis, which of the following should the IT director do NEXT to address this issue? A. Develop policies and procedures for the management of network infrastructure across the system. B. Establish uniform training requirements for IT network support staff within the organization. C. Request capital funds to immediately update the network equipment. D. Purchase additional diagnostic equipment to isolate the specific network issues within each facility.

A. Develop policies and procedures for the management of network infrastructure across the system.

Which of the following is an interface standard for healthcare electronic data? A. HL7 B. ICD10CM C. CPT4 D. SNOWMED

A. HL7 Health Level 7 (HL7) is a data communication standard for health information exchange. ICD10CM (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, Clinical Modification) is a clinical coding mechanism. CPT4 (Current Procedural Terminology, 4th Edition) is a clinical procedure coding mechanism. SNOWMED (Systematized Nomenclature in Medicine) is a clinical coding mechanism which is a combination of diseases and procedures.

Identifying duplicate patient accounts and consolidating them into a single account is an important part of maintaining the: A. MPI B. ADT C. EDI D. HDR

A. MPI MPI (Master Patient Index) is the warehouse of patient identification and demographic information. Duplicate patient accounts increases the difficulty of correctly identifying the patient, thus adversely affecting the delivery of services. ADT (Admit/Discharge/Transfer) is a component of a patient management application that uses data from MPI. EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) is the exchange of standardized document forms between computer systems for business use. EDI is part of electronic commerce. HDR (Health Data Repository) is a database containing clinical information.

A healthcare organization is reviewing its disaster recovery plan. The quality director knows computer files are copied to tape but feels uneasy about data integrity should the organization need to restore files from tape. The table below shows procedures for computer backups: Daily | tape backup | $6000 weekly | offsite tape storage | $3000 periodically | old records to storage | $7200 Which of the following should the CIO recommend to help the organization feel more confident about data integrity after a disaster? A. Perform periodic restores from tape for an additional $3,000/month B. Purchase a new tape backup system for a one time cost of $50,000. C. Contract with a hot site facility for an additional $23,000/month D. Store copies of all paper records offsite for an additional $4,500/month.

A. Perform periodic restores from tape for an additional $3,000/month because, in addition to daily backups with offsite tape storage, periodic restores to prove that the backups are successful will help ensure data integrity.

Which of the following is the BEST method to minimize misuse and ensure the privacy of electronic clinical information? A. Set up role-based access for users. B. Use biometric systems for authentication C. Force periodic password changes D. Implement a signed security agreement for users.

A. Set up role-based access for users. Role-based access allows users access to only the information relevant to their job.

Which of the following is the FIRST step in the planning process for the chair of the strategic information systems planning committee for the next fiscal year? A. Understand the corporate goals and objectives. B. Understand the information systems goals and objectives. C. Solicit input from key stakeholders. D. Review the planning committee's priority list form the previous year.

A. Understand the corporate goals and objectives. All planning should begin with an understanding of corporate goals. While understanding information goals and objectives is important, it must be done within the context of corporate goals. Soliciting input is done later in the planning process. Reviewing last year's priority list is important but must be done in the context of corporate goals.

A nurse manager in a cardiology care unit, which uses bar code medication administration (BCMA) with inpatients with congestive heart failure, is preparing for a regulatory review of the facility. Staff have informed the nurse manager that the BCMA information system is inaccessible due to a network failure. The nurse manager should ask the nurses to: A. administer medications manually. B. postpone medication administration. C. wait until the regulatory review is completed. D. wait until a meeting is held with network administrators.

A. administer medications manually. medication administration timing cannot vary. In case of system failure, there should be policies and procedures in place for contingency management. Manual administration and recording is one of the alternatives.

The decision to replace an outdated analog teleradiology system in a rural healthcare organization with a high-speed, web-based system has been made. However, several requirements have been identified by key stakeholders and must be addressed before a final product decision can be made. The radiologist requires specific functionality and specifications to meet standards required for primary interpretations via the web. The CFO requires the most cost effective system possible since there is no direct hospital revenue associated with this project. The CIO requires adequate connectivity given that the required web access is via a combination of T1 lines, cable modems, and residential satellite access. The security officer requires that the system support the security and privacy of protected health information. Which of the following requirements should be addressed FIRST? A. connectivity B. cost C. standards D. security

A. connectivity Functionality depends on connectivity. If web access is not reliable then cost, standards, and security become irrelevant.

Technology assessment within a project is used to: A. consider the effect of technology when it is introduced, extended, or modified. B. develop a format of inquiry to evaluate product features or functions. C. implement compliance with regulatory requirements for information technology. D. determine weaknesses or gaps in a system after design and implementation.

A. consider the effect of technology when it is introduced, extended, or modified. B" is not correct, as this is usually done during a selection process. "C" is not correct because this is a required maintenance activity. And, "D" is not correct because this is an applied technique of option "A."

The technical standards 17090 issued by the International Organization for Standardized Technical Committee 215 is applied to which of the following circumstances? A. identifiable process that holds a private encryption key B. radiology image sharing standard C. exchanging financial information D. verifying service eligibility

A. identifiable process that holds a private encryption key Option "B" represents DICOM standards, which are used for imaging and is therefore incorrect. "C" is incorrect because X.12 standards are used for financial information. "D" is not correct because verifying service eligibility is not a standardized process.

Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event? A. medical error B. public safety alert C. local disaster D. epidemic

A. medical error

A regional reference lab recently introduced a new results reporting system. The pathologist's report is immediately transmitted to the office of the ordering physician once test results are available. To address patient care in the systems analysis phase, a systems analyst should review: A. report turnaround times. B. lab volume trend reports. C. equipment calibration reports. D. blood splash/exposure incident reports.

A. report turnaround times. Timeliness is critical for a results reporting system. A delay in the report can result in a delay in treatment.

A healthcare organization has long waiting lists for its services. Patients need to wait several weeks to schedule appointments and more department staff are being requested by the CEO to address wait times. The CEO should FIRST: A. request the completion of a root-cause analysis. B. respond to the request by adding more staff. C. compare information from other area healthcare organizations. D. advise that a referral system be established.

A. request the completion of a root-cause analysis. "B" is not adding staff may not be an appropriate solution, unless a root cause has been identified. There may already be adequate staff and less space/equipment. "C" is not correct because benchmarking may be an acceptable solution. It is more of a comprehensive analysis of performance without a reference to possible problem causes. "D" is not correct because this could be detrimental to the business of the organization.

A healthcare organization promotes a compliant culture through policy, education, and reinforcement. All management staff have the responsibility to report compliance concerns. One compliance practice requires all gratuities and gifts to be reported through the organization's intranet site. The policy states that no employee can accept a vendor gift of more than $75 USD in value and no gifts in total from any one vendor exceeding $200 USD in one (1) year. Other potential conflicts of interest are identified in a standard written document signed by each management employee annually.One of the organization's executives is a key decision maker regarding a significant IT expenditure. An IT director has heard the executive speak of several off-site trips paid for by a vendor. The director has a relative that is a regional manager for this vendor. The director serves as a member on the vendor package selection committee. The IT director should: A. share what has been observed with the compliance officer. B. write an email to the CIO questioning how best to handle the situation. C. ask the executive to report the trips on the compliance web form. D. investigate whether the regional manager benefits from a sale to the healthcare organization.

A. share what has been observed with the compliance officer.

The recent addition of two rural-based community health centers to a healthcare network has increased the demand for IT support services. Which of the following line items will need to be increased in the IT budget for the next fiscal year? A. travel, supplies, salaries and benefits B. training, hardware, depreciation C. salaries and benefits, depreciation, training D. supplies, hardware, travel

A. travel, supplies, salaries and benefits salaries and benefits, including supplies and travel expenses, will need to be budgeted for at a higher level with the addition of the two new sites. "B" is not correct because it includes depreciation which would not be increased unless there was a capital investment. "C" is also not correct because it includes depreciation. While "D" includes many items which would qualify, it does not include salaries and benefits which makes this option less appealing and not the best option.

When designing and implementing clinical systems, which of the following is the MOST important consideration? A. workflow of the caregiver B. ability to graphically display laboratory data C. aggregating data across time D. providing access to images

A. workflow of the caregiver "A" is correct because this is a fundamental aspect of any clinical system. All other options listed are potential features of a system but are not critical.

When implementing a blood bank system, typical tasks include: 1. end-user training 2. test plan definition 3. equipment calibration 4. clinical validation A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

B. 1, 2, and 4 only The correct answer is "B" because it does not include option "3 - equipment calibration". Equipment calibration is typically handled separately by medical engineering.

Six months into a picture archiving and communication system implementation, it is determined that each image takes an average of 10KB of storage. The facility processes 200 images a day and needs to have online storage available for 1,000 days. What is the minimum amount of storage necessary to accommodate this system? A. 0.2 Gigabytes B. 2.0 Gigabytes C. 20 Gigabytes D. 200 Gigabytes

B. 2.0 Gigabytes 10 KB = 10,000 bytes X 200 X 1,000 = 2,000,000,000 bytes = 2.0 Gigabytes

A high profile project has reached 75% of its project budget although the project is only 50% complete. The CIO determines cost overruns result from scope creep due to additional requirements the board of directors requested after the project was fully approved and funded. Which of the following should the CIO do FIRST about this situation? A. Request additional funding for the project. B. Document the project budget variance. C. Renegotiate the vendor contract. D. Remove staff from the project.

B. Document the project budget variance. Documenting the project budget variance is required. The cost overruns on the project because of the scope creep must be recognized and documented. It is important for the board to recognize added costs as they relate to the project and the additional project requirements or increase in scope they requested.

An institution has deployed an enterprise picture archiving and communication system (PACS). A department administrator would like IT to review the purchase documentation for a new modality that the department would like to purchase and integrate into the enterprise PACS. Which of the following conformance statements will ensure the highest level of integration between the new modality and the PACS? A. DICOM B. IHE C. HL7 D. OSPF

B. IHE IHE is integrating the healthcare enterprise and is an industry initiative to improve the way computer systems share information. DICOM is digital imaging and communications in medicine and is the standard used to transfer images. HL7 is Health Level 7 and provides a framework for the change of textual health information. DICOME and HL7 are comprised within IHE. OSPF is "open shortest path first", which is a networking protocol.

Which of the following is an application of best practice information? A. Increase cycle time. B. Improve business processes. C. Assess risk. D. Manage processes.

B. Improve business processes. Business process improvement involves best practice processes such as plan, do, study, and act (PDSA.)

A healthcare organization has both a hospital and a physician office clinic. Which of the following cross-setting tasks is MOST likely to be a concern to the organization's leadership during a Joint Commission review? A. Ensure the billing systems in both settings are interoperable. B. Reconsile medication between the hospital and physician office. C. Communicate hospital restraint use to the primary care physician. D. Ensure hospital documentation is included in the physician office chart.

B. Reconsile medication between the hospital and physician office. "B" is correct because medication reconciliation is one of the National Patient Safety Goals for the Joint Commission.

In a healthcare organization with both support and project analysts, which of the following would typically be a support analyst's responsibility? A. Setup server maintenance for an application B. Resolve application tickets C. Re-image user PC to add new application D. Train end users on new application

B. Resolve application tickets

A disaster recovery plan has been developed for an organization that includes daily tape backup of data, and an uninterruptible power source for the servers. Which of the following should be the NEXT priority to focus on enhancing the disaster recovery plan? A. lightning suppression B. data circuit backup C. antiviral software D. establish firewall

B. data circuit backup "B" is the correct answer because having a backup line to a data center is extremely important to data continuity. A" is not correct because an uninterruptible power supply should handle electrical surges due to lightning. Both "C" and "D" should already be components of the disaster recovery plan and therefore are not the best answer.

A presenter could BEST illustrate the frequency of different types of errors encountered with a new application by using which of the following? A. control chart B. histogram C. distribution curve D. Gantt chart

B. histogram A histogram provides a visually understandable way to show differences in data. "A" is not correct because a control chart is a means of tracking data over time with upper and lower control limits that allow the user to distinguish between common cause and special cause variation. "C" is not correct because a distribution curve shows data's relationship to the midpoint. "D" is not correct because a Gantt chart is a planning tool that allows users to list activities over time associated with a project.

A healthcare organization has selected a health information system (HIS) for acquisition and installation. Members of the selection team were impressed with the functions and features of the system. However, they are concerned with the implementation experience of the HIS vendor. The vendor has installed the product in a total of ten sites. To minimize financial exposure, the organization may arrange payment terms by establishing: A. multiple payments made on a period basis aligned to the standard vendor supplied implementation project plan. B. multiple milestone payments based on explicit vendor deliverables throughout the implementation of the project. C. multiple payments by dividing the total contract amount for implementation by the number of months estimated by the vendor to complete the project. D. multiple payments made as expenses are incurred by the vendor during the implementation of the project.

B. multiple milestone payments based on explicit vendor deliverables throughout the implementation of the project. By tying the payment plan to the deliverables tends to achieve higher accountability and compliance of both parties. If a deliverable is delayed, the funds are not at risk.

The two "views" of an activity-based cost are: A. process and cost B. process and management C. cost and staffing D. customer and supplier.

B. process and management activity-based costing is a process whereby cost for final products and service lines are established by reaggregating unit costs from contributing services. "A" is not the best option because process and staffing are less important factors in activity-based costing. "C" is not correct because cost and staffing are less important factors in activity-based costing. "D" is not correct because customer and supplier are not factors at all in activity-based costing.

A vendor is implementing a new cardiology information system in a matrixed IT organizational structure. The vendor is trying to identify the project team and will need to know who is responsible for each of the following roles: - keeping the project plans up-to-date - implementing the cardiology information system - designing the interfaces and user customizations - building the procedure tables Which of the following project team roles directly correspond to the functions in the order listed above? A. product manager, project manager, software programmer, analyst B. project manager, product manager, software programmer, analyst C. project manager, software programmer, product manager, analyst D. product manager, software programmer, product manager, analyst

B. project manager, product manager, software programmer, analyst The project manager is responsible for keeping the project plans up to date. The product manager is responsible for implementing the cardiology information system. The software programmer is responsible for designing the interfaces and user customizations. The analyst is responsible for building the procedure tables.

The ombudsman of an integrated, not-for-profit healthcare network find out that a patient has complained that he is receiving correspondence at his old address. He has asked the registration staff to change his address three times in the last 6 months. The BEST approach is to: A. take action against the registration staff. B. request a root-cause analysis on this issue. C. ask the patient to give the complaint in writing. D. arrange training for the registration staff.

B. request a root-cause analysis on this issue. "B" is the best option because a root-cause analysis would be the right approach to identify the problem in the current business process.

Productivity ratio is the measurement of: A. hours per case. B. resources to outputs. C. employees per hour. D. staff to bed occupancy.

B. resources to outputs. Productivity is the ratio of input (resources) to output, or vice versa (e.g., cost per discharge, test per worker hour) "A" is not correct because hours per case is a measure of efficiency, not productivity. "C" is not correct because employee hours is not a ratio. And, "D" is not correct because staff to bed occupancy is a measure of efficiency, not productivity.

A CIO is hearing from staff members that the team needs additional resources to be successful with maintaining all of the organization's current systems. The MOST appropriate first step for the CIO would be to: A. poll each member to understand their thoughts on what skill sets and abilities are needed from the new hires. B. review performance indicators and service metrics along with organizational perception of the team's effectiveness. C. adjust the departmental budget to allow for the hiring of additional staff members. D. review process improvement opportunities and develop a plan to implement the changes.

B. review performance indicators and service metrics along with organizational perception of the team's effectiveness. The review of performance indicators, service metrics, and customer satisfaction validates the staff's concerns.

A parallel testing phase has been written into the hospital information system implementation project plan that involves end-users. In preparing for this phase, the project manager should: A. contact the vendor for additional resources for this phase so as not to disrupt daily operations. B. schedule temporary resources to manage day-to-day operations while staff conduct testing of the new system. C. hire experienced third-party assistance familiar with testing application software for the unbiased approach to the system. D. negotiate overtime for IT staff to manage testing due to their expertise in this area.

B. schedule temporary resources to manage day-to-day operations while staff conduct testing of the new system. Parallel testing is an exercise to test the new system against the old system to compare results. This involves operating two systems and does require additional resources. Ideally, staff that are going to be end-users should participate to gain familiarity with the new system.

Which of the following tools BEST determines the ability of a vendor application to fit into an organization's unique processes? A. request for proposal B. scripted demonstration C. on-site visit D. reference call

B. scripted demonstration A scripted presentation is a live example of a future model integrated into the organizational structure. "A" is not correct because an RFP is a proposal for supplying the product or service. "C" is not correct because while an on-site visit provides an opportunity to witness the application involved, it is difficult to find sites with similar operational characteristics so it is not the best answer. "D" is not correct because it is difficult to determine the veracity and objectivity of the information provided on a reference call.

A large healthcare organization has narrowed its list of potential hospital information systems (HIS) to four. The new solution will require a complete change out of the hardware processing platform for the organization. The CIO is concerned about overall system performance because the healthcare system's transaction volume is large. Which of the following should the CIO do FIRST to assess each of the vendor's capability to handle the system's volume? A. Ask each vendor to perform an audited LoadRunner test B. Obtain benchmark information on the database engine used by the application system. C. Ask each vendor for references from similar healthcare systems. D. Schedule a scripted demo with each vendor.

C. Ask each vendor for references from similar healthcare systems. Witnessing a software performance in the production environment within a similar healthcare system is the best way to evaluate performance.

An analyst from a consulting firm requests access to the accounts receivable system. The director of patient accounting has engaged the firm to produce some special request reports. The IT director determines that there are no outstanding requests for special reports and asks the patient accounting director why the IT support analysts were not asked to produce the reports. The reply is, "The IT department is understaffed and has too many other things to do." Which of the following should it IT director do NEXT? A. Give the consultant temporary access to the system. B. Analyze the turnaround time to complete the special request reports. C. Meet with the patient accounting director to define support expectations. D. Ask the patient accounting director to sign a service level agreement.

C. Meet with the patient accounting director to define support expectations. the IT department needs to open up communications with its internal customers to better understand their requirements and expectations.

A healthcare organization's change management process was created during its Y2K effort. At that time, the three critical approval criteria were Y2K readiness, IT functional sign-off, and clinical functional sign-off. A recent change was implemented to the cardiology applications suite to make echocardiogram images available to providers. Rapid adoption for the change resulted in poor network performance. The root cause was identified by the IT operations group and resolved by adding network bandwidth to appropriate areas of the backbone. A recommendation to improve the change management process also came out. How should the change management process manager address this issue? A. Offer refresher training on the approval process to the users, managers, and IT staff. B. Change the existing readiness approval process to address the current needs. C. Bring functional and operational representatives together to assess the change management process. D. Work with the network management staff to justify additional network bandwidth.

C. Bring functional and operational representatives together to assess the change management process. An operational review and approval of the change seems to be missing or the network would have been strengthened. Bringing together representatives from cross-functional teams allows for defining the change management process.

A physician who uses a system for diagnosing and treatment planning by interpreting and analyzing clinical data would be using which one of the following? A. CAI B. CPOE C. CDSS D. EMR

C. CDSS CDSS stands for clinical decision-support systems and is used to aid clinicians in decision making.

A computerized provider order entry project was completed at a location within a multi-facility organization. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate choice for the CEO to market this product into other areas of the organization? A. Share the post-implementation study finding. B. Issue a memorandum for all sites to implement. C. Collaborate with the sites for adoption support. D. Convene a meeting of CEOs from all sites.

C. Collaborate with the sites for adoption support. Collaborating with the sites for adoption support includes the other options and provides incentives to the sites. It also is an indicator of organization commitment.

Three aspects of successfully managing a system implementation are: - plan for user resistance - commit sufficient resources including staff and infrastructure - provide adequate initial and ongoing training Which of the following is the fourth MOST important aspect? A. Mandate participation among a cross-section of end-users. B. Allocate a contingency fund to meet unforeseen challenges. C. Create an environment where expectations are defined, met, and managed. D. Conduct follow-up training 3, 6, and 9 months after go-live.

C. Create an environment where expectations are defined, met, and managed. The other options may be part of various processes, but are not critical.

A medical group has purchased a physician billing system from a small vendor. The group then contracted with an IT consultant to manage the installation and implementation of the system. During the testing phase, the third party clearinghouse used by the group could not process transactions received from the billing package. An initial investigation revealed that acknowledgements were sent and received for each transaction between the billing system and clearinghouse. In addition, each transaction contained the necessary data for processing by the clearinghouse. Which of the following would be a likely area for the IT consultant to consider NEXT? A. Ensure that the appropriate DICOM standard is being used to transmit each bill print image transaction. B. Ensure that the appropriate IEEE standard is being used to support transmissions of billing transaction data. C. Ensure that the appropriate ANSI standard is being used in the transmission of each transaction. D. Ensure that the appropriate Class C internet protocol address is in place to all transmissions of each transaction.

C. Ensure that the appropriate ANSI standard is being used in the transmission of each transaction. "C" is correct because this is the only standard that could impact the data itself, rather than just the transmission. "A" is not correct because print images are not used in this example. Further, DICOM is a standard typically used for storage of medical images, especially radiology images. "B" is not correct because this is a network transmission protocol. In addition, the scenario indicated that the clearinghouse successfully received the transactions. However, it could not process the data. "D" is not correct because the scenario indicated that the clearinghouse successfully received the transaction. However, it could not process the data.

A healthcare entity provides care on an at-risk basis. Which of the following is an appropriate use of quality-related data? A. Determine reimbursement opportunities. B. Develop a research study for a new clinical compound. C. Identify opportunities for clinical care improvement. D. Target network security weakness.

C. Identify opportunities for clinical care improvement. "C" is the correct answer because quality-related data is used to drive clinical improvements and financial performance within the healthcare entity. Quality-related data does not directly determine reimbursement models, making "A" incorrect. Quality-related data is used to drive clinical improvements, not new drug studies so "B" is incorrect. "D" is incorrect because network security is outside the scope of a quality-related data set.

The chief of nursing at a university-affiliated teaching hospital with 500 beds and a trauma unit is facing a shortage of nursing professionals. Below is a chart of benchmarks that represent the nursing requirements for every ten (10) beds at a trauma center. Given that data, which of the following should the chief of nursing focus on? A. Add more unlicensed assistive personnel to the nursing model? B. Understand the care process of planning for delivering care C. Measure workload and activity in order to manage resources effectively.. D. Add incentives to nursing recruitment and retention initiatives.

C. Measure workload and activity in order to manage resources effectively. because evaluating the workload and activities within the organization would help in resource planning.

The CIO has identified a critical IT infrastructure project in support of the organizational objectives. The CIO is preparing a request to present to the CFO. Which of the following should be the MOST important action in preparing for the presentation? A. Write a project executive summary. B. Write a project statement. C. Perform a cost-benefit analysis. D. Review the organization's strategic plan.

C. Perform a cost-benefit analysis. The cost-benefit analysis is the process that uses quantitative techniques to evaluate and measure the benefit of providing products or services compared to the cost of providing them. This would provide information to the CFO for decision making.

The IT department has just completed the user survey found below of one of its larger systems. Systems helps me do my job | 2 System is reliable | 4 System is fast | 4 help desk is effective | 3 analysts are knowledgeable | 3 1-5 5 being most satisfied The IT team is extremely busy on many projects already. Based upon the scores in the survey results, which of the following action plan items should be implemented FIRST prior to the next survey? A. Perform additional surveys to probe into each area that scored equal to 3. B. Postpone any action item dates until departmental activity lessons. C. Perform a gap analysis of workflow versus system function. D. Facilitate a brainstorming session for user input on improvement suggestions.

C. Perform a gap analysis of workflow versus system function. the survey responses indicate that the problem is with workflow and this option will help examine that.

A patient is found to have HIV. The patient calls for his results when the doctor and nurse are out of the office. One of the clerical staff reviews the electronic chart and notifies the patient of his positive result. One of the office supervisors overhears this discussion and realizes the clerical staff should not have been able to review the chart or confidential lab test. Which of the following is the BEST method of preventing similar security violations in the future? A. Conduct chart audits to identify inappropriate access. B. Require self-reporting of violations. C. Restrict chart access of using role-based security. D. Implement patient confidentiality policies.

C. Restrict chart access of using role-based security. Option "C" is active restriction to patient data, and therefore most effective.

The World Health Organization is the directing and coordinating authority on international health within which of the following organizations? A. North Atlantic Treaty Organization B. Group of Eight (8) C. United Nations D. International Red Cross

C. United Nations

Which of the following entities are most likely to be the FIRST to participate in a health information exchange collaborative? A. a reference lab vendor and an orthopedic specialist B. a long-term care facility and a diagnostic imaging center. C. an emergency department and a community health center. D. a rehabilitation facility and a pharmacy vendor.

C. an emergency department and a community health center. Health information exchange is the deployment of systems promoting and facilitating the exchange of healthcare data within a health information network. One role of information exchange is to facilitate longitudinal care between primary care and emergent care. Option "C" is the only pairing that fits this description.

Determining the ultimate impact of information technology in the healthcare organization is chiefly the responsibility of the: A. chief technology officer. B. chief information officer. C. chief executive officer. D. chief financial officer.

C. chief executive officer. The correct answer is "C" because a CEO is the executive officer in charge of total management. "A" is not correct because a CTO is responsible for technology infrastructure and architecture. "B" is not correct because a CIO is a senior level executive responsible for providing strategic direction for IT. "D" is not correct because a CFO is responsible for financial performance and accounting.

Core measures refer to reporting an organization's compliance with: A. financial guidelines for the billing department. B. engineering blueprints for a data center. C. clinical protocols for patient treatment. D. technology specifications for wireless networks.

C. clinical protocols for patient treatment.

The late delivery of a server delayed a systems implementation by a week. The project manager told the staff to meet the original project deadline while avoiding overtime. The staff agreed to work extra shifts in exchange for time off with pay during the regular work schedule later that same month. This is an example of which of the following incentive arrangements? A. gain-share B. premium pay C. compensated absences D. flex-time

C. compensated absences Any time off with pay is by definition compensated absence. Other examples include sick time and vacation time.

A healthcare organization acquired six additional medical facilities within its geographic region in a recently executed agreement. The CIO's current strategic plan for the organization was based on a single institution operating in an aggressive marketing environment. The organization's executive leadership now wants to develop a strategic plan focusing on the development of an integrated delivery network. Which of the following strategic planning models can the CIO BEST utilize to support such a goal? A. competitive forces B. value chain C. component alignment D. Minard model

C. component alignment The component alignment model (CAM) introduced here recognizes the complexity of today's healthcare environment, emphasizing continuous assessment and realignment of seven basic components: external environment, emerging ITs, organizational infrastructure, mission, IT infrastructure business strategy, and IT strategy. "A" is not correct because this is used to identify competitive forces, and the strategies and tactics applied to address those forces. "B" is not correct because this is used to analyze the strategic significance of information technology in the value chain. "D" is not correct because this is used as an annual planning tool to update strategic plans.

The project manager for a clinical system installation is tracking actual expenditures for a project as shown in the table below: Planned vs actual expenses Based on the information above, which of the following types of analysis is BEST used to determine the financial status of the project? A. cash flow B. profit-loss C. cost variance D. cost-benefit

C. cost variance cost variance is the appropriate analysis to determine the financial status of the project. "A" is not correct because there is not enough to determine cash flow. "B" is not correct because there is not enough information to perform a profit-loss analysis. "C" is not correct because there is not enough information to determine the cost-benefit of the project.

When sold a pharmacy application, the selection team was assured the system would print IV labels as specifically defined in the request for proposal. To ensure this capability, the team defined specifications and formats that were included in the contract. However, during testing the vendor could not print labels using the font specified in the contract. Labels that were printed were difficult for older staff to read without using reading glasses. To resolve this issue, the project manager should: A. use in-house staff to develop a translation interface to reformat the data being sent to the label printer. B. contact the printer manufacturer to have the correct font programmed into the device. C. escalate the issue using the established escalation procedure holding payment until the problem is resolved. D. send an email to the project team, including the vendor project manager, letting them know the labels continue to be unacceptable.

C. escalate the issue using the established escalation procedure holding payment until the problem is resolved.

A corporate healthcare organization with multiple facilities all over the country proposes to provide services to its patient population using telemedicine. The patients and providers are worried about such a major change. The CEO of the organization should: A. make a press statement about this exciting opportunity. B. send a memo to staff and patients touting advantages of using telemedicine. C. form workgroups to conduct a feasibility study. D. contract with a vendor to implement the telemedicine initiative.

C. form workgroups to conduct a feasibility study. A workgroup should be formed to conduct a feasibility study/needs analysis. Further decisions should be withheld until a report is available for discussion.

A physician has an idea about using an information system to support clincial workflow. The analyst's FIRST step is to prepare a: A. functional specification document. B. technical specification document. C. functional requirements document. D. technical architecture document.

C. functional requirements document. A functional requirements document is the high level document describing what functionality is desired and how it could be delivered. "A" is incorrect because while, sometimes, a functional specification may contain functional requirements, "C" is the better choice. Answer "B" is incorrect because the technical specification is the document that guides the computer programmer. It should not be created before functional requirements and functional specifications are completed. "D" is incorrect because, while a technical architecture document is a very important step if the solution is to be integrated and accessible across the network, the functional requirements document is the first step.

A chief nursing officer (CNO) would like to purchase a new nurse scheduling system. Before creating the request for proposal, to whom should the CNO speak FIRST? A. supply chain B. legal department C. information systems D. finance department

C. information systems The information systems department assists users in defining scope and requirements. The supply chain department is involved after RFP development. The legal department is involved later, during contract review. The finance department is involved after scope is defined.

A healthcare system's statement of basic purpose and activities is the: A. vision statement. B. values statement. C. mission statement. D. strategic plan.

C. mission statement. The mission statement is why an organization exists. The mission of an organization is the most central agreement among the stakeholders, and it tends to be the most permanent. "A" is incorrect because the vision statement is not the basic purpose but rather a future goal. The vision is usually a simple statement of the contribution to universal goals. "B" is incorrect because values statements list the principles which guide actions. The values statement often calls for "respect", "quality", "safety", "honesty." Values statements establish the moral foundation for the enterprise. "D" is incorrect because a strategic plan is a roadmap for accomplishing goals, often spelling out specific tactics year by year.

To which of the following does the phrase "operating margin" refer in financial statements? A. operating revenue over payroll required for reinvestment B. excess of profits over operating costs required for solvency C. net revenues minus the cost of operating expenses D. the ratio of gross profits to gross revenues

C. net revenues minus the cost of operating expenses

Clinical staff are complaining about frequent system downtimes that seem to occur during the busiest times. Building engineers have identified the cause of the problem as intermittent brown-and-black outs due to a 30-year old electrical system. The existing emergency generator is working at full capacity. All servers are on emergency power, but the addition of workstations to the emergency generator is not possible. Although these outages are are relatively short, customer service is compromised and the staff is frustrated. The BEST short-term solution is to: A. include generator expansion in the strategic planning. B. advise patients of possible electrical problems. C. place critical workstations on uninterruptible power supply units. D. replace old wiring in the entire facility.

C. place critical workstations on uninterruptible power supply units. placing critical workstations on uninterruptible power supply units limits the cost to purchasing uninterruptible power supply units for critical workstations only and allows the organization time to identify and implement long-term solutions.

Teleradiology was identified as the solution to a problem at a community hospital in a rural and remote part of the state. The problem was MOST likely a shortage of: A. biomedical engineers. B. physicists. C. radiologists. D. radiological technicians.

C. radiologists.

A CEO of a for-profit cardiac care center that performed 5,000 cardiac catheterizations last year has $20 million in reserves. The organization is know for adopting state-of-the-art technology. A vendor has announced a new piece of cardiac equipment that is likely to reduce the risks of cardiac catheterization. The CEO should: A. order the equipment. B. request more details from the vendor. C. request a cost/benefit analysis. D. await product performance reports.

C. request a cost/benefit analysis. Capital investments (high dollar items) require a cost/benefit analysis to achieve required return on investment.

The CEO of a large academic healthcare organization desires to leverage IT across research, education, and patient care. A series of CIOs have been unable to manage the complex operations over the past several years. The CEO has now hired a new CIO to address the overall IT governance. Which of the following are critical success factors to address this situation? 1. Outsource all non-core applications 2. Align strategies between IT and the enterprise. 3. Clarify the role of the CIO 4. Manage the IT portfolio A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

D. 2, 3, and 4 only

An organization has several pending IT projects. The organization is struggling financially. Which of he following will BEST determine IT project priorities? 1. existing environment 2. regulatory requirements 3. the mission of the organization 4. return on investment A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only

D. 2, 3, and 4 only #1 is not true. Maintenance activities need not go through the prioritization cycle.

A vendor that supplies health information technology is negotiating a contract with a government organization to help them achieve regulatory compliance. The organization has multiple facilities at several sites all over the country with primary care and specialty care clinics. There are several contracting options shown in the table below: 1 time and materials | cost only 2 fixed price firm | cost 3 fixed price and incentive | cost fee basis | cost & finders fee The system must be implemented within the next 9 months. Which of the contracts is the BEST option for the vendor? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

D. 4 For vendors, a fee basis contract is the best contracting option. It is risk-free and vendors get a fixed price and a fixed fee for each deliverable task.

The chief nursing officer (CNO) of a multi-entity healthcare organization requested the chief information officer (CIO) of the organization approve the purchase of a centralized fetal monitoring application for the facility. The organization has a policy that requires the CIO to sign off on all information systems capital purchases. It is unclear from the paperwork provided what the vendor's platform is or what the network requirements will be. Which of the following should the CIO do FIRST? A. Ask the CNO to conduct further research on the technical requirements B. Sign the paperwork and hand it back to the CNO C. Tell the CNO that, due to incomplete information, the request cannot be processed D. Discuss the steps of a system selection process with the CNO to get the project started

D. Discuss the steps of a system selection process with the CNO to get the project started "D" is correct because working on a selection process is a collaborative effort between IT and clinical departments.

A mid-sized community healthcare organization is planning to implement a new clinical information system. The organization does not plan to replace current laboratory and radiology systems. The goal is to have a clinical data repository for storing all patient results including images from one source. Compliance with which of the following data protocol standards is critical to reaching this goal? A. ANSI AC X12 and DES B. HL7 and DES C. ANSC X12 and DICOM D. HL7 and DICOM

D. HL7 and DICOM HL7 (Health Level 7) are standards for data formatting to facilitate exchange of data among disparate systems within and across software applications. DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) is the standard for electronic communication of medical images and associated data. NSI ASC X12 (American National Standards Institute Accredited Standards Committee) is the standard for electronic exchange of financial data. DES (Data Encryption Standard) is used to protect electronic data.

Which of the following represents a global standard for the identification, labeling, and information processing of human blood, tissue, and organ products across international boarders and disparate healthcare systems? A. DHCP B. GS1 C. SPL D. ISBT 128

D. ISBT 128 The International Society for Blood Transfusion (ISBT 128) product database defines blood, tissue, and cellular therapy products in an internationally consistent and unambiguous manner. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol used by network devices. Global Standard 1 (GS1) deals with barcodes and identification, but is not specific to healthcare. SPL, Structured Product Labeling, is specific to prescription for drugs.

The director of the surgical department is requesting a system enhancement for the operating room. Who should be contracted FIRST? A. current system vendor B. lead software developer C. chief financial officer D. IT steering committee

D. IT steering committee

A healthcare organization has implemented application audit logging and reporting to more closely identify potential system misuse. Which of the following authorization strategies should provide the MOST useful audit data while minimizing false-positive results? A. Grant specific user-level privileges to each service. B. Grant specific user-level privileges for services as required. C. Implement group-based authorization D. Implement role-based authorization

D. Implement role-based authorization role-based authorization provides system access based upon the role the individual plays in the organization. Data access controls using role-based authorization allow users to access information as it related to their specific job duties and responsibilities, but prevents users from accessing data that is not pertinent to their role. Audit data for role-based authorization would clearly show access by an individual and would minimize false-positive results by virtue of eliminating access to data not relevant to the individual's role in the organization.

A healthcare organization's emergency department (ED) continues to report its system is "down" at least 25% of the time. Operations staff have been logging computer and application downtime every day for a month and found system downtime was less than 1%. Local IT staff visited the ED periodically throughout the day and found users successfully using the system on every visit. Which of the following should the CIO do to resolve the issue? A. Officially report the month-long downtime tracking results and spend no more time on the issue. B. Put an IT specialist in the department every day for a week to monitor system use. C. Put a problem log on the unit and ask ED staff to log details of each downtime experience. D. Meet with key users in the ED to hear specific complaints first-hand.

D. Meet with key users in the ED to hear specific complaints first-hand. Meeting with key users allows IT to identify the specific issues as perceived by the ED staff and provide a common reference point for all parties upon which to investigate those issues.

What is the primary role for an IT program management office? A. Directly manage all IT projects for an enterprise including resource acquisition, management, and overall project tracking. B. Assemble a complete inventory of all IT projects in an enterprise and be accountable for their execution. C. Assist the IT organization in understanding appropriate project management techniques. D. Provide a risk-managed enterprise project portfolio to inform executive leadership of progress in relation to organizational priorities.

D. Provide a risk-managed enterprise project portfolio to inform executive leadership of progress in relation to organizational priorities. The leading purpose for a program management office is to help manage risk and progress in enterprise projects.

A CIO has been given a training and travel budget based on the staff level allowances outlined in the table below. The amounts indicated are on a per person basis: The CIO can spend more on a lower level staff, but must be within the overall budget. Halfway through the fiscal year, the CIO has US$10,500 left in the training and travel budget. The CIO wants to send the team leaders to a local (no travel costs) leadership development seminar that costs US$750 per person. However, the CIO promised one of the managers could attend a continuing education course in a distant location that costs US$7,500 (course and travel). What is the BEST way the CIO could manage this situation? A. Send the manager to the course as promised and not send the team leaders to the leadership course. B. Send the team leaders to the leadership development courses and ask the manager to wait until the next fiscal year. C. Send all staff to the training and programs and hope the CFO is not too upset by the budget variance. D. Send the manager to the course this year and half the team leaders to the leadership course this year and the remaining half next year.

D. Send the manager to the course this year and half the team leaders to the leadership course this year and the remaining half next year. 8($750) + 1($7500) = $13,500; 4($750) + 1($7500) = $10,500. The math works for this option and it is the best solution to the CIO's training dilemma.

A provider has recently implemented an electronic health record within their organization. The vendor offers an additional product that allows patients to access their medical records online and perform basic administrative transactions. This provider organization has a history of being a leader in transparency with their patients related to their medical records. When presenting this new option to IT and clinical leadership, what are the MOST important topics that should be included in a presentation designed to achieve approval? A. High-level description of product, financial summary, and stakeholder benefits B. Operational use cases, description of medical information to be accessed, and financial summary. C. Operational use cases, health data management assessment, and stakeholder benefit. D. Stakeholder benefits, security risk review, and financial summary.

D. Stakeholder benefits, security risk review, and financial summary. Stakeholder benefits, security risk review, and financial summary will help drive the decision for approval. Mark item for review

Six months after implementing an electronic nurse documentation system, chart audits show increasing numbers of undocumented elements in the medical record. To improve system compliance, which of the following should be considered FIRST? A. Re-educate users on the proper use of the system. B. Re-evaluate hardware for ease of use. C. Suspend the system usage while its effectiveness is investigated. D. Survey the users on their specific issues.

D. Survey the users on their specific issues. Defining the issues from users' perspectives can provide important information to assist in discerning the cause of the problem (e.g. training requirements, system issues, environment).The future solution and alternative should be developed based on the finding of the survey.

At an ambulatory clinic, a staff member at the front desk is entering a patient's insurance data into an informational system. This system is MOST likely: A. a patient accounting system. B. an enterprise resource planning systems. C. an electronic health record. D. a practice management system.

D. a practice management system. A practice management system is typically used for billing outpatient office visits.

A long-term employee in a rural hospital has been trained to run the help desk, load software, and provide network support. Recently, the employee has begun missing deadlines. A significant system conversion has been scheduled to begin in three (3) months. The manager is concerned that this key employee may not be able to provide the support needed to successfully complete the conversion and maintain existing operations. A meeting has been scheduled with the employee to discuss these issues. The BEST solution would be to: A. reschedule the major conversion for a later date. B. provide time management training to the employee. C. outsource the help desk function to a local vendor. D. evaluate actual workload for appropriateness.

D. evaluate actual workload for appropriateness. without a workload analysis, it is impossible to determine if the employee is simply not managing time well, or if there is more work than can be done by one person.

An IT department is trying to improve its customer service scorecard. The scorecard measures performance on service level agreements (SLAs), service requests, problem management, and business continuity readiness. On which of the following should the IT manager focus improvement efforts? A. negotiating more achievable SLA goals B. including one more business continuity drill in next year's budget C. requesting an analysis of the mean time to resolve a problem. D. evaluating the utilization of the service request tracking system.

D. evaluating the utilization of the service request tracking system. most customer interaction with an IT department is via service requests. This choice offers maximum improvement opportunity. "A" is not the best choice because reducing goals rarely improves customer service. "B" is not the best option as one more drill will likely add little incremental value. "C" is not correct because while knowing how long it takes to resolve a problem can be helpful, requesting only mean time to resolve is too general to guide any significant improvement effort.

A community health center network is primarily designed and organized to service patients who are: A. recently discharged from the local hospital. B. referred to them by other medical specialists. C. in the community without a primary care physician. D. medically underserved and uninsured.

D. medically underserved and uninsured. The main purpose of community health centers is to provide healthcare across medically underserved and uninsured populations.

The hospital executive team has charged the CIO with implementing an electronic medical record. Which of the following should be the CIO's main focus? A. system usability B. user acceptance C. education D. project planning

D. project planning

When conducting an analysis of a healthcare organization's alternatives for replacing patient clinical, financial, and administrative systems, it is especially important to FIRST consider the organization's: A. business processes. B. weaknesses. C. financial status. D. strategic vision.

D. strategic vision. D" is the best option because the organization's strategic vision will be the driving force in the replacement.

When setting up relational databases, the primary key refers to a field or set of field that: A. contains the unique security password for the database. B. points to rows and columns in the table. C. relates the tables for the database. D. uniquely identifies each record stored in the table.

D. uniquely identifies each record stored in the table.

Which of the following are essential components of a clinical decision-support system? a. alters, reminders, and frequently asked questions b. data, information, and knowledge tools c. knowledge base, inference engine, and patient-specific information d. data repository, user interface, and artificial intelligence

c. knowledge base, inference engine, and patient-specific information "C" is the best option because the system is dependent on the ability to reason from a knowledge base. "A" is not the best option because these are simply general features of a clinical decision-support system. In "B", while these items are required, they can exist without a clinical decision-support system. Artificial intelligence is not part of a clinical decision-support system, so "D" is not correct.