cpr final
When drowning is the suspected cause of cardiac arrest, the responder should deliver how many initial breaths before starting CPR?
2
When performing adult CPR, how many compressions should be given?
30
What is the time length at which brain damage is likely to begin to occur?
4-6 minutes
How many back blows does one give to an choking infant?
5
About how many cycles of CPR should you perform in 2 minutes?
5 cycles
When should you seek medical care for a tetanus shot?
5 years after your last shot
The steps to follow in an emergency are:
Check, Call, Care
If a person has a burn from hot cooking oil, which of the following should one do?
Put a burn ointment on it after cleaning it.
If a person is unconscious and starts to throw up what should you do
Put them in the recovery position
When you encounter someone who is a diabetic and they inform you that they need to eat something what is the best thing to give them?
any type of sugar
What does AED stand for?
automated external defibrillator
Which wound results in significant bleeding?
avulsion
What bandage would you use for this wound?
band aid
what is an important first step you can take to prepare for an emergency
being prepared
Which is NOT a cause of respiratory distress?
broken finger
An anatomic splint is one used around the abdomen.
false
Asthma is caused by the same "triggers" in everyone.
false
Children up to 4 years old are considered to be infants
false
Consent is when a conscious person asking for and excepting help
false
Dressings and bandages serve the same purposes.
false
Hypothermia is a life threatening condition in which the entire body becomes warm.
false
If you see a person drowning you should always jump in the water to save them
false
Internal bleeding is usually a consequence of a minor injury and is not life threatening.
false
Men and women have the same signs and symptoms for heart attacks.
false
One should NOT use an AED on a person with a pacemaker.
false
One should remove an embedded piece of glass from a limb if it is necessary to bandage the wound.
false
One should use a tourniquet when the the individual is bleeding and a bone is sticking out of the limb.
false
The effects of a concussion normally show up within an hour of the injury.
false
The most common way to take long-term control and quick-relief asthma medications is by injecting them.
false
The three types of soft tissue injuries are open wounds, closed wounds, and avulsions.
false
To clean a person's chest before using the AED pads, you should clean the chest with water or alcohol.
false
To clean up a blood spill one can use a gallon mixture that is one part peroxide to nine parts water
false
West Nile Virus is caused by a tick bite.
false
When an individual has a seizure it is best to put something in their mouth to help him/her avoid swallow their tongue.
false
When one feels like they are experiencing a heart attack, they should take ibuprofen.
false
You should remove any metal jewelry when using an AED device
false
Once you have turned on the AED, you should:
follow all the instructions that the AED gives
When giving rescue breaths to an infant, you should:
form an airtight seal around the infant's mouth and nose
Care for a person who is unconscious and has a blocked airway includes:
give chest compressions and look for an object between compressions and breaths
Which of the following should one NOT do if you suspect an individual is having a heart attack?
give the individual a candy bar
Which is NOT a characteristic of a Superficial Burn?
has blisters
Which method should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive victim?
head tilt chin lift
During ventricular fibrillation, the heart:
quivers and cannot pump blood
Which splint should be used to splint wrist?
rigid splint
What is the result of abnormal electrical activity in the brain that can be caused by disease, fever, infection, or injury?
seizure
If the victim has a possible spine injury as well as an extremity injury:
splint the spin first
A ________ results in tearing of ligaments at a joint.
sprain
A ________ results in stretching of a tendon at a bone.
strain
The following are signs that a bandage is to tight, except:
the victim can easy move their extremity
Use pediatric AED pads for children up to 8 years of age (including infants) or weighing less than 55 pounds, if available.
true
When a cardiac arrest occurs and an AED becomes available, it should be used as soon as possible.
true
When dealing with an asthma attack, you should call 911 if a the person's breathing does not improve within a few minutes and the inhaler does not seem to improve the breathing.
true
When one feels like they are experiencing a heart attack, they should take aspirin.
true
When providing care to a child, it is essential that you use appropriately sized equipment?
true
You should call 911 if the person's breathing does not improve within a few minutes.
true
When preparing an AED for use, what is the first thing you should do?
turn on AED
Signals that indicate that an infant is choking include:
unable to cough, cry, or breathe
A febrile seizure is most likely to occur in people who are _________.
under 5 years old
Place the AED pads:
upper right & lower left side
If the mask is one size fits all for adults then for children the mask can be
used for a child the same way one would use for an adult
Which is the most common abnormal heart rhythm in cases of sudden cardiac arrest in adults?
ventricular fibrillation
If contact has been made with a poisonous plant, the victim should immediately:
wash with a degreasing soap and water
An AED gives the victim a shock only when:
when the shock button is pushed
Heat related illnesses include:
all of the answers given
If an open wound continues to bleed after applying direct pressure:
all the answers provided
The most appropriate bandage for sprains would be:
an elastic roller bandage
Tourniquets are not recommended for a child under the age of:
2
What is the size of a wound that would require stitches?
1/2 inch
Which of the following statements is true about an automated external defibrillation?
A persons chances of survival is increased by using a AED machine.
What should you do to keep swelling out of a sprained joint?
an ice/cold pack
After calling 9-1-1, what is the next step in caring for a wound with significant bleeding?
Apply direct pressure with a sterile or clean dressing.
During this video when was the AED turned on.
As soon as the AED became available
What should you do when checking a conscious person
Ask questions, get consent to give care, do not touch or move painful injured areas on the body
If you see a child go unresponsive, the rescuer should:
Call 911, then provide assistance
What do you NOT do when performing CPR?
Bend your elbows to perform CPR
If a person is unresponsive and showing signs of an opioid overdose and you have already called 9-1-1 what is the next step in first aid care.
CPR
How do you care for a person with a possible head, neck, or spinal injury?
Call 9-1-1 and have person remain in the position found.
If you see a child go unresponsive the rescuer should
Call 911, then provide assistance
You see a woman collapse in front of you while entering the lobby of your office building. You check the scene and check the person for consciousness, but she does not respond. What should you do next
Call or have someone else call 911 or the local emergency number
Why is checking the scene so important
Checking the scene is important because if you do not check you could put your safety at risk. You should check the scene for things such as fire downed electrical lines spilled chemicals or traffic. You should then check the scene to attempt to figure out what the cause of the emergency is. Then you should check to see how many people are involved so that you can help them and get the information to 911 to get the needed help. Finally you should check the scene for someone else who is available to help either by explaining what happened to call 911 getting needed equipment and waiting for EMS to lead them to the person who needs help
You notice that an individual looks panicked and cannot cough, speak, or breathe. What life-threatening condition could the individual be experiencing?
Choking
What is compression-only CPR and what would be some reasons why a person would chose to use this method?
Compression only CPR is when you give continuous chest compressions with no breaths. Someone might give compression only CPR because they may not know how to preform full CPR, they know EMS is close by and they aren't trying to save time, or they might not feel comfortable with giving breaths.
What should you do if the person does not give you consent
Do not give care but instead call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number
Which is the third critical link in the "chain of survival" ?
Early defibrillation
What should you do before the AED analyzes the heart rhythm?
Ensure that no one, including you, is touching the person.
What is the full name of this?
Epinephrine auto injector
What does each of the letters in FAST stand for?
Face, Arm, Speech, Time
Special needs includes children, older adults, persons with disabilities, and persons who speak a different language than your own
False
What would you do for a severed hand (from the wrist down)?
First you should call 911. Then a hemostatic bandage should be applied to the wound along with a tourniquet. Both are meant to stop severe bleeding. Once the bleeding is contained you should find the severed hand and wrap it in sterile gauze and keep it cool because it may be able to be reattached.
When giving rescue breaths to a child, how should you give breaths
Give a breath lasting about 1 second
What care should you give to a conscious adult or child who is choking and is unable to cough, speak or breathe?
Give back blows and abdominal thrusts
What should you do for a conscious infant who is chocking and cannot cough, cry or breath?
Give back blows and chest thrusts to clear the airway
Which is NOT a type of burn?
Hemostatic
Early CPR is important in the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:
It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or advanced medical personnel take over
It is important to follow the links of the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:
It helps improve the chance of survival
When giving care to a child who is conscious and choking, where should you position your fist to give abdominal thrusts?
Just above the navel
One sign of a breathing emergency in an infant is:
Making a wheezing or high-pitched sound
Medical identification tags can help the first aid responder identify
Medications, allergies, medical history
Consent to get first aid must be obtained from every victim who is
Mentally competent, responsive, and adults
By using the personal protective equipment you protect yourself and the injured or ill person by
Minimize the risk of disease transmission
By following standard precautions to protect yourself in the injured or ill person you will
Minimize the risk of the disease transmission
If the required depth cannot be achieved with either the encircling thumb technique or the two-finger technique, which technique would then be considered for infant compressions?
One handed technique
If the AED pads risk touching each other such as with a small child or infant you should:
Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back.
Which of the following is NOT a link in the Cardiac Chain of Survival?
Proper followup from the Emergency Room
What does SAM stand for and why is it important
SAM stands for S equal signs and symptoms a equals allergies M equals medications and medical conditions. SAM is important because it can help you remember what you asked the injured or ill person so that you can give the information to the EMS personnel when they arrive so that they can determine the type of medical care the person should receive
Early CPR and early defibrillation can:
Save the lives of more people in cardiac arrest
What are some choking hazards for children? What are some of the choking hazards for adults?
Some choking hazards for children can be things like foods or toys. Some of these things are hotdogs, chunks of fruit, popcorn, peanut butter, hard candy, plastic bags, magnets, marbles, and vitamins. Some choking hazards for adults includes chewy breads, gum, chunks of meats or cheese, and nuts.
What are some common things that people are allergic to? Do you know any one with this allergy?
Some common things people are allergic to are peanuts, tree nuts, shell fish, and eggs. I knows several people with these allergies. My brother is allergic to tree nuts and peanuts. I an allergic to tree nuts and shell fish.
What are the signs of a concussion and what first aid would you provide to the victim?
Some signs of a concussion are vomiting, loss of consciousness, loss of balance, headaches, dizziness, having memory issues, and blurry vision. You should call 911, tell the person to stop doing what they were doing, and while waiting on EMS you should have the person rest without moving. Is EMS is not called you person should follow up with their primary care physician as soon as possible.
List the signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose in short answer.
Some signs of a opioid overdose are decreased breathing, breathing slow, gasping, unresponsiveness, bluish/grayish skin, and cardiac arrest.
A child is choking on a piece of hard candy. She is conscious and coughing forcefully. What should you do?
Stay with her and encourage her to continue to cough
Match the type of poisoning and the way it can be consumed.
Swallowed poisoning foods, overdose of drugs such as pain pills, cleaning products Inhaled poisons gases, drugs such as crack cocain, fumes Absorbed poisons poison ivy, fertilizers, pesticides Injected poisons marine life stings, snake bites, injection with a needle
If you suspect an individual is having a heart attack you should:
Talk to the individual to make sure that they are not on medications or have a heart condition. Loosen any tight clothing. Be ready to perform CPR.
What are the 2 cold related emergencies? How would you treat each of them?
The 2 cold related emergencies are hypothermia and frostbite. You treat hypothermia by moving the person to a warmer please and slowly warming them. If they have wet clothing, removing and put them in dry clothes and wrap them in blankets. To treat frostbite you rewarm the affected part of the body by putting it in warm water and wrapping it loosely in a bandage.
Which of the following situations indicates that an infant needs CPR?
The infant is not breathing
For which injury or illness should you call 911 or the local emergency number
The person who has trouble breathing without coughing
If someone recognizes that an emergency has happened and they failed to act what could be some of the reasons they chose not to help
They panic, they have a fear of catching a disease, they assume others will act
What is the purpose of good Samaritan laws
To help protect people who voluntarily give care without accepting anything in return
Causes of cardiac arrest in a child include:
Traumatic injuries or accidents
When should an unresponsive victim be placed on their side
When the victim starts to vomit or when you have to leave the victim alone
How do you get poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac? What is the treatment for effected areas?
You can get poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac from touching the plants of think contaminated with the oil from the plant. You can also get exposed to the poison by inhaling sole from burning the plant. You can use calamine lotion, hydrocortisone, or an oral antihistamine to help reduce itching and blistering. If it is more severe you should follow up with a heath care provider.
How do you prevent tick borne diseases?
You can wear long sleeves and long pants, light colored clothing, stay in the middle of trails, do a full body check for ticks after returning inside, and use insect repellent.
Why is it important to stand clear and not touch the person while the AED is analyzing or defibrillating?
You might prevent the AED from analyzing the heart rhythm properly and you or someone else could be injured by the shock
When dealing with injured or ill person that is older what are some precautions to take when speaking to them
You should be considered of how you address them. If they are able to answer your questions you should speak directly to them instead of ask asking others around. Be sure to speak loud and clear but be sure not to shout and if they have trouble understanding you change your words not the volume of your voice. Allow them time to process and respond your questions. Be aware that the signs of a medical emergency and older people can be very general and things that most people would not notice. If the person seems to be confused check to see if they were hearing A's or glasses because the confusion is most likely because they cannot hear/. If they do need a hearing aid or glasses make sure they have them on.
If a person is suffering from pain or discomfort in the chest which lasts more than 3-5 minutes or that goes away and comes back, this person is most likely having:
a heart attack
All of the following are signals of trouble breathing, EXCEPT?
a person laughing
When giving CPR to an infant, about how deep should you compress the chest:
about 1 1/2 inches
When performing child CPR, give chest compressions at the rate of:
about 100 compressions per minute
What type of dressing is used for minor wounds?
adhesive strips
People can come into contact with the irritating resin from poison ivy, oak, or sumac by:
all answers given
Effective chest compressions
all of the above
For an adult, which of the following are signals of trouble breathing?
all of the above
In diabetic emergency give victim ______ until help arrives
all of the above
Prescription opioids include:
all of the above
What is a good location for an AED?
all of the above
When giving chest thrusts to an infant, your fingers should be placed:
center of the chest
If the person is too large or pregnant for you to wrap your arms around to give abdominal thrust what is a solution to help this choking victim?
chest thrust
When providing care to an adolescent follow which technique?
child techniques
What is the recommended treatment for muscle strains?
cold pack
Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions during CPR on an infant?
compressions are delivered using the encircling thumbs technique, place thumbs side by side on the center of the chest just below the nipple line.
What is another name for a bruise?
contusion
A victim of a seizure may have uncontrollable body movements caused by contraction of the muscles known as:
convulsions
While the AED analyzes the victim's heart rhythm:
do not touch the victim
Which is NOT a bandage?
dressing
How should you position a conscious choking infant to give back blow?
face-down, with the infant's head lower than their body
After obtaining critical information from a victim that has ingested poisoning, the first aider should: (assume that the poisoning is not acid or alkali and the victim is responsive)
immediately call poison control center
Blunt trauma is caused by:
impact with a flat object or surface
If the victim is unresponsive, permission to give first aid is known as
implied consent
Always stabilize an injured knee in which position
in the position found
When you give care to an adult who is conscious and choking, where should you position your fist to give abdominal thrusts?
just above the navel
If a person faints the best position for them to be placed is in:
laying flat on their back
How long should you check for breathing
no more than 10 seconds
The cycle of compressions and breaths in CPR for infants is:
none of the above
When should one NOT call 911 in a wound situation?
none of the above
If an unresponsive victim is breathing and you are staying with the victim to monitor him/her the best position to put them in is
on their side
Which type of injury involves an open wound in which the bone has torn through the skin?
open fracture
What are the two classifications for fractures?
open or closed
Drugs that are prescribed to reduce pain for serious injuries or cancer or after surgeries are known as:
opiods
Which is NOT a cause of cardiac arrest in children:
over eating
What type of trauma is caused when the body is pierced by an object?
penetrating trauma
First aid is intended to
provide temporary assistance until proper medical care, if needed, is obtained
A dislocation can occur at a joint.
true
A roller dressing is a bandage or dressing that closes a wounded area and prevents air from getting to the wound.
true
A scream and a loud explosion is normally a sign that an emergency exist
true
Although they make up only a small number of injuries, head, neck and spinal injuries are generally more dangerous than many other injuries.
true
Asthma can be a chronic Illness.
true
Brain damage can become irreversible between 8-10 minutes after an individual stops breathing.
true
Broken ribs are less common in children.
true
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of cardiac arrest in adults
true
Colds and other respiratory infections can make an asthma condition worse.
true
Exposure to extreme heat or cold can make a person seriously ill.
true
Falling or getting hit in the nose can result in nosebleeds.
true
Hypothermia can lead to death.
true
If a person is experiencing signs of a heart attack, you may assist with taking aspirin if: person is awake, can follow simple commands, can swallow or chew, and is allowed to have aspirin.
true
If you are dealing with someone who has an allergic reaction you need to treat it as a life threatening condition.
true
Injuries to the mouth may cause breathing problems if blood or loose teeth block the airway.
true
It is important to know that back blows, abdominal thrusts, and chest thrusts are all equally effective to clear the airway.
true
It is safe to shock a person in cardiac arrest when he or she is lying on a metal surface.
true
Most cases of cardiac arrest in children are caused by ventricular fibrillation.
true
Naloxone is a drug that temporarily reverses the effects of opioids and can be given through the nose using nasal atomizer or nasal spray.
true
One can give themselves abdominal thrusts when alone by bending over a chairback.
true
One should call 911 when a person is choking.
true
One should call 911 when an individual is having chest pains.
true
Proper wound care helps to lower the risk for infection, but sometimes infections can develop anyway.
true
Properly applied first aid makes the difference between life and death
true
Responding to a cardiac arrest for a child or an infant is similar to responding to a cardiac arrest for an adult and uses all the skills you have already learned with a few key differences?
true
Shock is always a possibility when treating a thermal burn.
true
Spinal cord injuries can result from trauma that causes one or more vertebrae to break.
true
The general care for an open wound includes: controlling bleeding, preventing infection, and using dressings/bandages.
true
The respiratory disease know as Croup is most common in children younger than 5 years of age.
true
