CPR module 5
how do you give care to someone in a diabetic emergency?
make sure the person is awake and can follow simple commands give the person 15 to 20 grams of sugar: 7 ounces of orange juice, 14 ounces of milk, or candy with fructose or sucrose
What drug should you help administer to someone overdosing on opioids?
naloxone
if someone is having an opioid overdose, what medication might you help administer?
naloxone
what are common causes of shock?
life-threatening bleeding, infection, anaphylaxis, and any serious injury or illness
if you are able to administer medications, what should you have to do?
-Explain to the person or family member what you are going to do. -Offer to get their medication. -Ask them to confirm that you have the right medication. -Assemble the medication device, if necessary. -Give them the medication to self-administer.
if there is a responsive person, what position do you put them in?
a position of comfort
Why is it important to assist a family member with administering naloxone to the person with a suspected opioid overdose? naloxone reverses the effects of opioids naloxone increases the effects of opioids
naloxone reverses the effects of opioids
A 14-month-old child vomited twice in one day but is able to keep fluids down now and is resting quietly. Should you consult the healthcare provider immediately?
no
What is important to determine before giving sugar by mouth to the person experiencing a diabetic emergency? Select all that apply. Make sure the person is awake. Make sure the person can follow simple commands. Make sure the person can chew and swallow. Make sure the person's family member has been notified. Make sure the person likes sugar.
Make sure the person is awake. Make sure the person can follow simple commands. Make sure the person can chew and swallow.
which sudden illness(es) does calling 911 and getting equipment match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
all three
What is a fever?
an elevated body temperature above the normal range of 100.4° F (38° C).
if someone is having a heart attack, what medication might you help administer?
aspirin
what are the types of medications you are allowed to assist with when a person is experiencing a sudden illness?
aspirin, quick-relief medications, epinephrine, naloxone, sugar/glucose tablets
The U16 girls' team is doing warm up drills on the soccer field before practice. One player, Emily, starts to feel out of breath. Coach Kelly is observing practice when she hears one of the girls call for help. She makes sure the scene is safe and goes over to the players. As she gets closer, Coach Kelly forms an initial impression and notices Emily looks like she is having trouble breathing and appears anxious. What should Coach Kelly do at this point? give care call 911 and get equipment continue the check call emily's parent
call 911 and get equpiment
which sudden illness(es) does a fast heartbeat match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
diabetic emergency
which sudden illness(es) does assisting with giving sugar match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
diabetic emergency
which sudden illness(es) does fast and/or deep breathing match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
diabetic emergency
why is it important to note the time when signs and symptoms of a stroke fist started?
some medications and procedures used to treat strokes in the hospital are only effective within a certain time frame
what mnemonic can help you remember signs of a stroke?
FAST
When is it important to consult a healthcare provider if a young child or infant has a fever? Select all that apply. The infant is younger than 3 months and has a fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or greater. The child is older than 5 years and has a fever of 100° F (37.8° C) or less. The child or infant has a febrile seizure. The fever is associated with change in behavior or activity. The fever is associated with a runny nose.
The infant is younger than 3 months and has a fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or greater. The child or infant has a febrile seizure. The fever is associated with change in behavior or activity.
You have been caring for a person with life-threatening bleeding. You were able to apply a tourniquet and are waiting for EMS to arrive. Suddenly, the person's level of consciousness changes and they are very confused. You notice that their skin is very pale and feels moist. What do you suspect is wrong with the person and what care should you give?
This person is likely experiencing shock. After calling 9-1-1, care for shock includes giving care according to your training for the condition causing the shock; having the person assume a position of comfort or having them lie flat on their back; maintaining body temperature; not giving them anything to eat or drink; providing reassurance; and continuing to monitor the person's condition.
what are the six signs of an asthma attack?
wheezing/coughing rapid/shallow breathing trouble breathing unable to talk between breaths anxiety/fear sweating
when should you administer asthma medication?
when symptoms have not subsided within 10-15 minutes
if someone is having anaphylaxis, what medication might you help administer?
epinephrine
It is fine for you to always administer the person's medication. True or False?
false
if there is a person seizing, what position should you put them in?
first, monitor the person until the seizing has stopped. turn them on their side into a recovery position if it is possible without injury. if they become unresponsive, put them in a recovery position
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of shock? Select all that apply. Grayish skin Nausea Confusion Flushed skin Slow heartbeat
grayish skin confusion
which sudden illness(es) does assisting with aspirin match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
heart attack
which sudden illness(es) does isolated, unexplained discomfort in the arms, neck, jaw, back, or arms match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
heart attack
what are the signs of anaphylaxis?
history of an allergy signs of an allergic reaction swelling of the face, neck, tongue, or lips trouble breathing shock change in responsiveness
How do you treat a heart attack?
make sure the person is awake and can follow simple commands give the person two to four 81mg low-dose aspirin tablets or one 325mg regular strength aspirin tablet tell the person to chew the tablets completely if the person takes a prescribed medication for chest pain, such as nitroglycerin, assist them with it
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a heart attack? persistent chest pain leg pain sore throat runny nose
persistent chest pain
What are the signs and symptoms of a heart attack?
persistent chest pain, pressure, or squeezing isolated, unexplained discomfort in the arms, neck, jaw, back, or stomach Dizziness/lightheadedness trouble breathing/shortness of breath pale, grey, bluish skin nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea extreme fatigue sweating anxiety unresponsiveness
if someone is having an asthma attack, what medication might you help administer?
quick-relief medications
what are the six signs of shock?
rapid, weak heart beat rapid breathing pale, greyish, cool, moist skin changes in consciousness nausea/vomiting excessive thirst
If a person is unresponsive and breathing, which of the following positions is appropriate to use while you wait for EMS to arrive and begin their care of the person? -recovery position -position of comfort -position on their back -position on their stomach
recovery position
There is an unresponsive person who is breathing or a person who responds but is not fully awake, what position do you put them in?
the recovery position
how different do women experience heart attacks?
the classic signs of a heart attack may be milder or accompanied by more general signs and symptoms
why are young children/infants at higher risk for dehydration?
they tend to lose more fluid at a faster rate and often do not have the ability to obtain fluids themselves
what are signs and symptoms of a diabetic emergency?
trouble breathing fast or deep breathing feeling weak or different sweating fast heartbeat
what are common signs and symptoms of sudden illness?
trouble breathing, pain; such as chest pain/abdominal pain/headache, changes in responsiveness, extreme fatigue, light-headedness/dizziness, nausea/vomiting/diarrhea/stomach cramps, fever, paleness/sweaty, problems seeing/speaking, numbness/weakness/paralysis, seizures
Which of the following are examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses? Select all that apply. -diabetic emergency -anaphylaxis -sinus infection -migraine -sore throat
-diabetic emergency -anaphylaxis
What is a febrile seizure?
A seizure brought on in infants and young children caused by high fever.
The U16 girls' team is doing warm up drills on the soccer field before practice. One player, Emily, starts to feel out of breath. Coach Kelly is observing practice when she hears one of the girls call for help. She makes sure the scene is safe and goes over to the players. As she gets closer, Coach Kelly forms an initial impression and notices Emily looks like she is having trouble breathing and appears anxious. Coach Kelly makes sure Emily is in a position of comfort to ease her breathing and that she is neither too hot nor too cold. She continues to monitor Emily, reassures her that she will help and tells her EMS will be on their way soon. Coach Chayne returns quickly with Emily's soccer bag and is on the phone with 9-1-1. He tells Kelly that EMS is on their way. Before assisting Emily with administration of her quick-relief medication, Coach Kelly follows the general care steps for assisting with medication administration. Which of the following are three of these steps? Select all that apply. Call a healthcare provider to administer the medication. Assemble the medication device. Ask a bystander to administer the medication. Explain to Emily what she is going to do. Ask Emily to confirm that she has the right medication.
Assemble the medication device. Explain to Emily what she is going to do. Ask Emily to confirm that she has the right medication.
Vomiting and diarrhea in young children and infants can lead to which of the following? Select all that apply. Dehydration Diabetes Heart Attack Shock Stroke
Dehydration Shock
what does the mnemonic FAST stand for?
Face, Arm, Speech, Time
How can you administer naloxone?
Intravenously, intranasally, and intramuscularly
You are working at an outdoor café on a hot summer day. Suddenly you hear a person at a table near you yell out that a bee just stung them. You make sure the scene is safe and approach them to offer to give first aid for an insect sting. They appear responsive, but it looks like something might be really wrong with them. You obtain consent and continue checking them. The person's lips are swelling and they are having trouble breathing. You notice a medical alert bracelet and they nod their head when you ask if they have an allergy. What do you suspect is wrong with the person and what care should you give?
This person is likely experiencing anaphylaxis. After calling 9-1-1, care for anaphylaxis includes assisting with administration of epinephrine via an auto-injector: First, follow the general care steps for assisting with medication administration. Then, hold the person's leg firmly to limit movement. Encourage them to use the epinephrine auto-injector as directed by their healthcare provider. Finally, massage or have the person massage the injection area for 10 seconds.
You can administer a second dose of epinephrine if the person is still having signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis 5 to 10 minutes after administering the first dose and EMS has not arrived. True or False?
true
if a person becomes suddenly ill, you should keep the person from getting cold or overheated and monitor and reassure them until EMS arrives, if you had to call them. true or false?
true
when should you administer a second dose of epinephrine?
when the symptoms have not subsided within 5-10 minutes and EMS has not arrived
A 2-month-old infant has a fever of 100.8° F (38.2° C) but is not fussy. Should you consult the healthcare provider immediately?
yes
An 11-month-old infant has had diarrhea for a few days and this morning you noticed blood in the stool. They are somewhat fussy and sleeping a lot more than usual. Should you consult the healthcare provider immediately?
yes
The U16 girls' team is doing warm up drills on the soccer field before practice. One player, Emily, starts to feel out of breath. Coach Kelly is observing practice when she hears one of the girls call for help. She makes sure the scene is safe and goes over to the players. As she gets closer, Coach Kelly forms an initial impression and notices Emily looks like she is having trouble breathing and appears anxious. Coach Kelly knows that Emily has asthma. She recognizes that this is likely an acute asthma attack because Emily is bending forward with her hands on her legs, she can hear her wheezing and Emily is only able to get a few words out in between breaths. She tells Coach Chayne to call 9-1-1 and get Emily's bag that contains her asthma quick-relief inhaler. There is a first aid kit and an AED already on the field. While waiting for the medication, Coach Kelly puts on gloves and does a mental checklist of the important aspects of general care for sudden illness. Note: In this situation, consent is implied because Emily is a minor and her parent/legal guardian is not present. Which of the following are important aspects of general care for someone experiencing a sudden illness? Select all that apply. assisting with medications positioning the person getting the person up and moving monitoring and reassuring the person keeping the person from getting cold or hot
assisting with medications positioning the person monitoring and reassurance the person keeping the person from getting hot or cold
What are the signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose?
evidence of opioid use decreased breathing effort unresponsiveness bluish or greyish skin cardiac arrest
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of stroke? Select all that apply. facial weakness arm or grip weakness persistent chest pain speech disturbances severe leg pain
facial weakness arm or grip weakness speech disturbances
A person should never self-administer more than one dose of quick-relief medication via inhaler for an asthma attack. True or False?
false
which sudden illness(es) does persistent chest pain, pressure or squeezing match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
heart attack
what are examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses?
heart attack, asthma attack, anaphylaxis, diabetic emergency, seizures, shock, opioid overdose, stroke, high fever in young children, vomiting/diarrhea/dehydration in young children
If a person who is overdosing on opioids and is unresponsive, not breathing or in cardiac arrest, what should you do?
immediately begin CPR
A 3-year-old child has a fever of 101° F (38.3° C) but the fever is going down with medication and they are playing quietly. Should you consult the healthcare provider immediately?
no
which sudden illness(es) does a decreased breathing effort match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
opioid overdose
which sudden illness(es) does assisting with naloxone match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
opioid overdose
which sudden illness(es) does being unresponsive or not breathing match? heart attack diabetic emergency opioid overdose all three
opioid overdose
what are examples of giving fluids to young children and infants?
oral rehydration, water, and popcicles
The U16 girls' team is doing warm up drills on the soccer field before practice. One player, Emily, starts to feel out of breath. Coach Kelly is observing practice when she hears one of the girls call for help. She makes sure the scene is safe and goes over to the players. As she gets closer, Coach Kelly forms an initial impression and notices Emily looks like she is having trouble breathing and appears anxious. Coach Kelly explains what she is going to do as she takes Emily's quick-relief medication inhaler out of her soccer bag. She confirms with Emily that this is her medication and that it is the correct one for her to use now. Before handing the inhaler to Emily, what two things should Coach Kelly do? Select all that apply. shake the inhaler test it on herself Remove the mouthpiece cover and attach a spacing device if available. test it on a bystander Call Emily's parent for permission for Emily to administer the medication.
shake the inhaler Remove the mouthpiece cover and attach a spacing device if available.
if someone is having a diabetic emergency, what medication might you help administer?
sugar/glucose tablets
In some cases, you can administer their medications if it is allowed by state laws and regulations and if you are trained and authorized to do so. True or false?
true
It is especially important to note the time that signs and symptoms of stroke started in a person. True or False?
true