CPS 3200 Test 4 Study Guide
Diagnosed personality disorders affect what percentage of the adult US population
10-15%
IQ tests use a standardized scale with___as the median score
100
Religious freedom in the US is so valued that it's addressed in this historic document.
1st Amendment to the Constitution
In 1920, only about___of 23 year-olds had college degrees
2%
The percentage of the population that scores about 130 on a standardized IQ test is ____
3%
The average adult's brain weighs ____
45 Ounces
Among the most common Islam rituals is daily prayers, which is done ____
5 Scheduled times a day
The majority (more than 66%) of people score between ____on intelligence tests
85 and 115
Hinduism is ____
A blend of legends, beliefs and customs in ancient India
Most behaviorists view personality, if at all as _____
A collection of response tendencies
Personality development is ____
A reciprocal process of genetics interacting with enviroment
Confucianism is ____
A system of ethics based o the teaching of Confucius
Aptitude test ____
ALL OF THESE
Beliefs are comprised of___
ALL OF THESE
Beliefs result form observations and opinions that have been formed through____
ALL OF THESE
Hinduism introduced ____into US culture
ALL OF THESE
Modern politics is often about ____
ALL OF THESE
Parents who make their love and acceptance conditional run the risk of ___
ALL OF THESE
Peculiar or eccentric behavior can be symptoms of ___
ALL OF THESE
China has about as many Muslims as _____
ALL OF THESE Combined
The primary difference between ability and aptitude is _____
Abilities are achievements as a consequence of realizing an aptitude
In terms of diverse learning styles, a person who learns best through observation, analysis and thinking methods is what kind of a perceiver?
Abstract
Which of the following is NOT one of the Myers-Briggs type indicators used to characterize personality temperaments?
Acting-thinking
When the size of the brain is compared to body weight at birth, there is ____
Almost no differences between girls and boys
Hatred of Jew is often called___
Anti-Semitism
According to Gordon Allport, secondary personality traits ____
Are less consistent inclinations that surface in some situations but not in others
Gifted and talented students are often rejected and teased by peers because they____
Are small in number and their differences stand out
A developmental disorder characterized by normal language and intellectual development, but impaired social and communication skills is ____
Asperger's Syndrome
If a child is easily distracted, impulsive and has trouble concentrating, he or she may have a learning disability called _____
Attention deficit disorder
In terms of making decisions, Thinking Types tend to ____
Base decisions on objectivity, logic and fairness
Atheists are basically___
Beyond skeptical
A genius, beyond popular jargon, is perceived as someone with extraordinary intelligence who____
Breaks new ground with discoveries, inventions or works of art
The person most recognized as the founder of Humanistic Psychology and the human potential movement is ____
Carl Rogers
Intelligence is a concept whose definition____
Changes and evolves depending on social norms and values
Taoism is a philosophical religion native to _______
China
The religion considered to have the largest membership is ____
Christianity
In terms of diverse learning styles, a person who learns best through direct experience and hands-on methods is what kind of a perceiver?
Concrete
The core of personality is____
Consistency
In Zoroastrianism, life is viewed as a ____
Constant battle between good and evil
All languages have two key elements: abstract symbols and syntax. Both elements can affect the _____of an intelligence test
Construct validity
Those beliefs that you actively hold as true and reflect upon are called ____
Core beliefs
A research finding that dates back to the 1940s shows that the IQs of spouses ______
Correlate highly almost like siblings
Buddhists believe that our ___trap us in the wheel of life, a cycle of rebirths or reincarnation
Desire
Clinical psychologists specialize in _____
Diagnosis and typically work in clinical or medcial settings
According to Gordon Allport, cardinal personality traits are ___
Dominant and permeate nearly all of a person's behavior
In 1976 the Nation Education Association, examined IQ tests and recommended the tests be ____
Eliminated
Being able to identify feeling that people have in a given situation has been labeled_____
Emotional Intelligence Quotient EQ
A denomination is an ____
Established subgroup within a particular religion
According to current research, absolute brain size is an accurate and reliable indicator of intelligence.
FALSE
All known religions have survied throughout history
FALSE
An observant nurse, doctor or parent will be able to see all the elements of a child's temperament within the 1st week after he/she is born
FALSE
As people age, they lose brain cells
FALSE
Brain research confirms that one particular side of the brain is involved in nearly every human activity.
FALSE
Clinicians recognize that troublesome behaviors and mild thought disturbances are indicators of a genuine personality disorder.
FALSE
Genetic factors in personality development are undeniable and can't be influenced environment.
FALSE
IQ tests measure common skills and abilities, without cultural bias
FALSE
IQ tests reflect knowledge and information that's not related to a particular culture
FALSE
Individuals who have not been in a mosque for years and who know little about the Koran are not allowed to call themselves Muslims
FALSE
Personality disorders are NOT treatable
FALSE
Whether they realize it or not, everyone wants to be normal.
FALSE
Sensing types, as opposed to intuitive types tend to focus on ____
Facts and details
Which of the following is credited by noted philosophers as the basis of all human knowledge?
Faith
When older people have trouble understanding the new electronic devices that younger people us in their daily lives, it is probably due to differences in ____
Fluid Intelligence
The left side of the brain prefers to process information by _______
Following linear and logical steps
The bell-shaped curve is a statistical application that ____
Forces a normative group or population into a continuum
Robert Wilson, a noted psychologist and philosopher, advanced the idea that the beliefs about reality are best viewed as _____
High or low probabilities
The biological factor in sensation seeking behavior appears to be related to ____
Higher levels of dopamin in the brain
Ramadan is the Islamic _____
Holy month of fasting
The most important factor in determining a person's personality is ___
How one interacts with others
Values focus primarily on _____
How we think things ought to be and how people should behave
Which of the following personality theories emphasize free will and resists the idea of a person being controlled and manipulated by past history and environment?
Humanism
Which personality theory give particular attention to self concept?
Humanism
An agnostic is a person who says ____
I don't know and you don't know
Eccentric people are those who consistently _____
Ignore conventional activities and customs
Learners process information differently. Active processors____
Immediately use new information to see if it makes sense
Aptitude is defined as a combination of characteristics, both genetic and acquired, that are indicative of an individual's _____
Inclination for learning or performing a skill
Which of the following is LEAST related to the essence of values
Indifference
Which of the following is the best predictor of whether or not a person is likely to be poor?
Intelligence level
Which of the following is NOT part of the concept of multiple intelligence?
Intelligence multiplies over times and with study
Personality is a complex concept involving the ____ of many human qualities
Interaction
Which of the following is true about Fluid Intelligence?
Involves basic processing ability
Zoroastrianism is a religion found primarily in ___
Iran
Which of the following is NOT true about temperament?
Is a combination of personality and life experiences
In general, the left side of the brain ____
Is the set of language and logical and sequential thinking
Confucianism ______
Isn't strictly a religion.
Which of the following is most true about Fluid Intelligence?
It's involved with learning quickly and accurately
One teaching related to Judaism which has been troublesome to others such Muslims is that____
Jews are God's chosen people
After Christianity, the organized religion in the US with the next most members is ____
Judaism
The holy text of Islam is called the____
Koran
The average head circumference of boys at birth is ____
Larger 2% than that of girls
Behaviorism is a ____theory
Learning
Studies have shown that the ____is most primitive part of the brain and it provides us with feelings of what is real, true, and important
Limbic system
The term developmentally delayed is often used to describe____
Limited intellectual ability
Low socioeconomic status and social problems have increasingly become associated with___
Low intelligence
Research suggests that the happiest and most satisfied adults are those whose temperaments ____
Match well with their environment
A person with dyslexia, characteristically, ______
May see numbers upside down
The most common form of the practice of Hinduism is ____
Meditation
The people who have played the most prominent role in Buddhism are ___
Monks
The most commonly used instrument to identify temperament type is the ____
Myers Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI)
Using nationally rep IQ tests and comparing white and black population in the US, scores show
NONE OF THESE
If a response or behavior is strengthened because it's followed by the removal of an unpleasant or averse stimulus, then it is called _______
Negative reinforcement
One feature of Buddhism that distinguishes it from many other faiths is that it is _____
Not centered on the relationship between humanity and God
The classic religions of the world have been identified on the basis of ____
Number of members and geography
New information and knowledge is always filtered through____
One's initial and fundamental experiences and beliefs
A code of behavior resembling the Golden Rule of Do Unto Others as is ____
Part of every major religion
At the root of all psycho-dynamic personality theories is the assumption that_____
People are motivated by internal forces that aren't a part of their awareness
The concept of reincarnation focuses on ______
People's souls returning to earth in different forms
An individual's unique constellation of consistent traits is typically called ____
Personality
Follow-up studies of highly successful and less successful men showed______
Personality factors were extremely important in determining success
In this course, personality theories are grouped into 4 approaches. Which is NOT one of them?
Philosophical
Jews and Muslims are forbidden by religious tenets to ear ____
Pork
Temperament has been equated with_____
Preferred choices and behavior style
Which of the following is NOT a guideline for determining whether a troublesome behavior is a serious problem and a possible mental disorder?
Purpose of the behavior
After becoming discourages with priests who aligned themselves with foreign rulers such as the Romans, the Jewish people turned increasingly to Pharisees or Scribes, who became know as____
Rabbis
In coping with anxiety, people can develop unconscious defense mechanisms, such as displacement. This involves _____
Redirecting anxiety to a psychologically safer target to confront
Inclusion is the integration of students with learning difficulties into___
Regular classrooms
Some studies show that children who have a difference of more that 30 IQ points over their peers are often ____
Rejected and ostracized by peers
Although the neurological variances between males and females require further study, cognitive behaviors are ____
Related more to individual differences than sex
Some research suggests there has been a worldwide trend of IQ scores _____over the centuries
Rising overall
The first known Buddha was _______
Saddhartha Gautama of Northern India
T type personalities have a strong tendency to ____
Seek out thrills
Nirvana in Hinduism is the same as ___
Self-realization
The 1st known Buddha was ____
Siddhartha Gautama of northern India
The person viewed as the first major contributor to psycho-dynamic theories of personality and who popularized it was _____
Sigmund Freud
A girl and a boy who weigh the same at birth will have ___
Similar brain sizes
Ability is a term used to indicate and individual's _____
Skill or competence in a particular field
All personality definitions have an ___dimension in them
Social
Although the neurological variances between men and women require further study, men seem to have a higher innate ability to ___
Solve spatial problems
Although the neurological variances between men and women require further study, men seem to have a higher innate ability to _____
Solve spatial problems
The largest Muslim population lives in ____
South Asia
Modern psychologists are____
Spending less time arguing about which theory is correct and draw upon all of them
The ____sect comprises the majority of Muslims all over the world
Sunni
A common saying that has merit, based on brain functioning is that it takes 21 days of repeated practice to learn a new habit.
TRUE
Abnormal behavior can be a logical outcome of living in and coping with an abnormal situation.
TRUE
Although vague and general by definition, values are reflected in our thoughts, feelings and behaviors
TRUE
Fantasies require no belief in them an can serve as a means of constructing hypotheses to test
TRUE
Hinduism is not a single unified religion
TRUE
IQ is a better predictor of the likelihood of being poor than whether a person was born into poverty.
TRUE
More than 85% of Islam's faithful followers are not Arabs
TRUE
Most people accept the religion of their youth without much questioning.
TRUE
Most people have a dominant side of the brain that's responsible for an inclination or tendency to do things.
TRUE
Politics is as much about selling the person as selling ideas.
TRUE
Religious faith implies belief outside of scientific facts or info
TRUE
Tests may have little significance beyond how well a person performed on one particular test on one particular day in a given set of circumstances.
TRUE
The English language has advantages and disadvantages when trying to desscribe reality.
TRUE
The US is viewed as a nation of diverse religions, but primarily a Christian nation
TRUE
The number one limitation of using IQ scores is that the term intelligence has never been defined adequately so no one is sure what an IQ test is truly measuring
TRUE
The power of religion rests in the unknown and the many mysteries of lie
TRUE
The term politics has come to refer to the activities within an organization by which people are vying for control and seeking to improve their statues
TRUE
The way the brain works is that what we think of as true or real is actually a feeling generated by a belief.
TRUE
Scholars compiled early Jewish teachings and writings into a collection that's call the ____
Talamud
The 2 major components of personality are ____
Temperament and behavior
Crystallized Intelligence does NOT _____
Tend to decline with increasing age
Which of the following is NOT considered an explanation for rising IQ scores?
Tests were unreliable
Distinguishing characteristics of a Buddhist monastery include ____
The chanting and music
The Ayatollah is______
The highest ranking Shiite leader in Iran
The major problem with popular personality tests available in magazines, newspapers and on the Internet is ____
The lack of reliability and validity information
The major difference between the Muslim sects of the Sunni and the Shiite is ____
The manner in which the leader of Islam is selected
Karma is Hindu and Buddhist religions is _____
The present and future being influenced by past behavior in previous lives.
Shinto means____
The way of the gods
The study of religion is specifically called _____
Theology
One message that scientists seem to agree upon is that___
There are no absolutes
Atheists take the position that____
There are no gods or goddesses
The basic premise of an agnostic is that ____
There is no logical way to prove the existence of a deity
Most diagnosed personality disorders are problematic ___
Throughout a person's life
The method most agnostics use is ____
To ask questions
EQ has distinct areas of aptitude or ability. Which is NOT one of them?
To avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions
Test may have little significance beyond how well people performed on a particular test on one particular day in a given set of circumstances.
True
Faith, which is closely related to beliefs and values, is based on _____
Trust or divine power
A popular personality typology is Type A and Type B. A person who is competitive, aggressive, hard driving, intense, often impatient and outspoken would most likely be classified as ___
Type A
The personality type that is at higher risk in terms of health is _____
Type A
About 2/3 of America's poverty-level population is ___
White
If you are like most Americans, you will tend to cast your vote for a political candidate _____
Whom you like and trust the most
Hinduism today is regarded as ________
all of these
In the US, the Christian church with the largest population is
catholic
A sect is most similar to a _______
denomination
Those beliefs that you accept as true but without much thought are called _______
dispositional beliefs
It is difficult to determine the exact number of Muslims in the U.S. because they
do not keep membership rolls
Taoists live according to the Tao, or "Way," which they believe _____
governs the universe
Shinto in the national religion of _______
japan
Mosques are ________
open to all and do not have membership rolls
Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with dyslexia
seeing numbers upside down
In a religious sense, beliefs are related to ________
spiritual or moral influences and faith
Islam is an ancient religion with historical and theological ties to Judaism and Christianity
true
