Cremation exam 2

Visible emissions (opacity) is rated on a scale from:

0%-100%

The compliance standard for disinfection of contaminated surfaces in the crematory recommends a diluted household bleach solution in a ratio of _____ made up daily.

10:1

Most products of combustion (smoke and odor) given off during the cremation process will be destroyed if subjected to temperature between _________ and __________ for a period of 0.5 seconds to 1 second, if the stream is subjected to proper mixing (turbulence). (FoC pp. 91)

1400*F-1800*F

The ideal temperature for cremation:

1600°F

The maximum temperature at which a human crematory should be operated for efficient use is:

1800*F

During processing, the remains are usually reduced to less than ____ cubic inches.

200

Burial or scattering at sea must take place at least ___ nautical miles from land.

3

If a crematory does not have a refrigerated holding facility for human remains, the crematory should not hold a decedent for more than:

3 hours

The first _____ minutes of the cremation process is critical, especially in obese cases.

30 mins

For safety reasons, the cremated remains should cool down before removal for an additional period of:

30-40 min

Refrigeration units should be kept within this range:

35°-45°

The weight limit for packages (cremated remains) sent via Registered Mail is:

4lbs

After an hour, the loading door is raised a maximum of __ inches in order to reposition the decedent near the flame.

6

Water-based dissolution process for human remains that uses alkaline chemicals, heat, and sometimes agitation and/or pressure to accelerate natural decomposition:

Alkaline Hydrolysis

Inhalable coarse particles that are a byproduct of combustion that may become airborne at certain steps in the cremation process, such as when cremated remains are swept from the chamber, processed, or packaged:

Ambient dust

The person legally entitled to order and direct the cremation and final disposition of specific human remains:

Authorizing agent

Hepatitis B can be contracted via:

Body fluids

The reduction of identifiable bone fragments after the completion of the cremation by manual or mechanical means and reducing to granulated particles or dust:

Both terms are correct

Remains tossed in the wind

Casting

Crematories will work with this type of incinerator (note: NOT the type of waste):

Class VI (6)

If a high-polished casket (varnish, lacquer, or other flammable coating) is to be cremated, it is suggested:

Coat the casket with water before placement

A structure, room, or space in a mausoleum or other building containing niches or recesses used to hold cremated remains is a(n):

Columbarium

Disaster pouches should be:

Cremated first

The legal document that gives the crematory the authority to cremate human remains:

Cremation authorization form

Remains placed in columbarium niche in an indoor or outdoor room or space:

Entombment

Opacity refers to

Exhaust smoke

Normal cases should be placed in the retort:

Feet first

Burial or other disposition on a permanent basis of a dead human body, cremated remains or parts of a dead human body:

Final disposition

Metal caskets should be the _______ cremation of the day (non-galvanized only).

First

High-polished caskets should be which of the following:

First case of the day

Suspended particulate matter in products of combustion:

Fly ash

The first crematory was built in 1876 in Washington, Pennsylvania, by this person:

Francis J. LeMoyne

Large cases should be placed in the retort:

Head first

The "floor" of the cremation unit:

Hearth

The three components required for combustion to take place are: (NFDA pp. 21)

Heat, fuel, oxygen

Area within or adjacent to the crematory facility designated for the retention of human remains prior to cremation:

Holding facility

Sweep-out tray into which operator rakes the cremated remains from the floor of the chamber:

Hopper

During the cremation process, the door of the retort should not be opened during the first

Hour

________________ relieves the funeral director from liability for inaccurate information provided by the authorizing agent (for example, children of the deceased not disclosing that their mother remarried, leaving their step-father out of the arrangements. This protects the funeral home from being sued).

Indemnification

Act of placing cremated remains into an urn

Inurnment

Once it has started, the cremation process is:

Irreversible

During the performance of any maintenance on the retort, OSHA _________ procedures should be strictly followed to the letter or the rule. (NFDA slides)

LOTO (lock-out, tag-out)

These cases should be the FIRST cremation of the day:

Large cases

The only individuals authorized to remove a pacemaker without written authorization

Licensed embalmers

Due diligence when using an off-site, third party crematory requires that the crematory shall agree to allow:

Licensed personnel from home to make unannounced visits

This religion does not expressly forbid cremation, but discourages it:

Mormon

The recommended procedure for processing infant or stillborn cremated remains is to use:

Mortar and pestle

Which of the following religious groups forbid cremation?

Muslims and Orthodox Jewish

Compartment or cubicle for the memorialization or permanent placement of an urn containing cremated remains:

Niche

The retention time is:

None of these

The final step in the crematory due diligence process is to conduct an unannounced inspection of the crematory during business hours. How often should a representative of the funeral home conduct this third party inspection?

Once a year

Remains placed in receptacle for communal placement

Ossuary

Fire is the resulting chemical reaction of this element, plus heat and fuel:

Oxygen

Any overage of cremated or processed remains that do not fit in the temporary urn/container that has been selected must be:

Places in an additional container

In which of these chambers is the body placed for cremation to begin?

Primary chamber

A ceremonial construction made of wood and fire designed to reduce a deceased human body to ashes:

Pyre

Remains poured into loose soil then raked into the earth

Raking

The crematory operator should ________ any items for cremation that contain chlorinated plastics:

Refuse

Chlorinated plastic containers should be: (FoC pp. 114)

Refused by the crematory

Zinc ornaments, handles, and trim should be _______ before loading into retort.

Removed

_________ is the mixing of gases in the cremator's exhaust flow.

Retention

This type of retort design allows gases to flow through a secondary chamber and is the most efficient design

Retort hearth

Sometimes called flue gas washers, these devices are used to trap suspended particles by direct contact with a spray of water or another liquid:

Scrubbers

MRSA can be contracted by:

Skin contact

The final discharge point where products of combustion are released into the environment:

Stack

For infant and stillborn infant cremations, which of the following should be used?

Stainless steel pan

For infant and still-born cases:

Start with a warm retort

If the crematory operator encounters emissions problems with two cases in a row, he or she should

Take the machine out of service until repaired

Final disposition method whereby cremated remains are placed into a shallow trench or groove in sand or soil and then covered or raked into the earth:

Trenching

The cremation unit should be attended at all times when the unit is operating:

True

Crematory and pathological incinerators are suitable for this type of waste:

Type 4

Which mail service should you use to ship cremated remains?

USPS

A receptacle into which processed cremated remains are placed.

Urn

Remains are placed in a water soluble or cast directly into the water as allowed by local or state laws

Water scattering

Hepatitis is a disease of the:

liver