Criminal Justice Chapter 12

Intensive probation supervision

A form of probation supervision involving frequent face-to-face contact between the probationer and the probation officer.

Revocation Hearing

A hearing held before a legally constituted hearing body (such as a parole board) to determine whether a parolee or probationer has violated the conditions and requirements of his or her parole or probation.

Probation

a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended. The purpose of probation is to retain some control over criminal offenders while using community programs to help rehabilitate them. Probation is a court-ordered sanction that is a form of community corrections

Restitution

A court requirement that an alleged or convicted offender pay money or provide services to the victim of the crime or provide services to the community

Split Sentence

a sentence explicitly requiring the convicted offender to serve a period of confinement in a local, state, or federal facility, followed by a period of probation.

Discretionary release

conditional release by the parole board that allows the board to assess the prisoner's readiness for release.

mandatory release

mandatory parole with release dates usually set near the completion of the inmate's prison sentence, minus time off for good behavior and other special considerations

Conditions of Parole

-EARLY RELEASE of inmates from prisons or jails -Person is placed under supervision of a parole agency -Supports the concept of indeterminate sentencing which said that prisoners could be release early if their behavior was good and if they improved -Purpose is to return offenders to productive lives -Violation of conditions can result in the offender having their parole revoked and being returned to prison.

Conditions of Probation

-People on probation ARE NOT INCARCERATED ; they were not serving time in prison or jail -People serve sentence under the supervision of the community -A kind of community corrections ordered by the court - People are supervised and only have CONDITIONAL freedom -General conditions: Apply to all probationers in a given jurisdiction and requires the probationer to obey all laws, maintain employment, remain within the jurisdiction of the court, possess no firearms, allow the probation officer to visit at home or at work, and so forth. They also can include a fine to the court to reimburse victims, pays lawyers fees or court costs. Specific conditions: Based on a judge's recommendation for the specific person. Some examples include when a judge may require that the offender surrender his or her driver's license; submit at reasonable times to warrantless and unannounced searches by a probation officer; supply breath, urine, or blood samples as needed for drug or alcohol testing; complete a specific number of hours of community service; or pass the general equivalency diploma (GED) test within a specified time.

Mixed sentence

A sentence that requires that a convicted offender serve weekends (or other specified periods of time) in a confinement facility (usually a jail) while undergoing probationary supervision in the community.

Shock Incarceration

A sentencing option that makes use of "boot camp"-type prisons to impress on convicted offenders the realities of prison life.

Reentry

The managed return to the community of an individual released from prison. Also, the successful transitioning of a released inmate back into the community.

Shock Probation

The practice of sentencing offenders to prison, allowing them to apply for probationary release, and surprisingly permitting such release. offenders who receive shock probation may not be aware that they will be released on probation and may expect to spend a much longer time behind bars.

Parole

The status of a convicted offender who has been conditionally released from prison by a paroling authority before the expiration of his or her sentence, is placed under the supervision of a parole agency, and is required to observe the conditions of parole.

Community Corrections

The use of a variety of officially ordered program-based sanctions that permit convicted offenders to remain in the community under conditional supervision as an alternative to an active prison sentence. Also called community-based corrections.

Intermediate sanction

also known as alternative sentencing strategies) are the use of split sentencing, shock probation or parole, shock incarceration, community service, intensive supervision, or home confinement instead of other more traditional sanctions such as imprisonment or fines

Home confinement

house arrest. Individuals ordered confined to their homes are sometimes monitored electronically to ensure they do not leave during the hours of confinement. Absence from the home during working hours is often permitted.