critical care quiz 4 URDEN
What are the functions of the kidneys? 1. Erythrocyte destruction 2. Formation of urine 3. Regulation of acid-base balance 4. Breakdown of prostaglandins 5. Blood pressure regulation
2. Formation of urine 3. Regulation of acid-base balance 5. Blood pressure regulation
Prostaglandin synthesis is a function of the kidneys. 1. True 2. False
1. True
A patient has been admitted with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Which serum laboratory values would the nurse expect to be ordered to confirm this diagnosis? 1. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine 2. Potassium and magnesium 3. Creatinine and calcium 4. Sodium and potassium
1. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine
One therapeutic measure for treating hyperkalemia is the administration of dextrose and regular insulin. Which statement regarding how this treatment works is accurate? 1. Glucose and insulin force potassium out of the cells, lowering it on a cellular level. 2. Glucose and insulin force potassium into the cells, lowering it on a serum level. 3. Glucose and insulin promote higher excretion of potassium in the urine. 4. Glucose and insulin bind with potassium, lowering available amounts.
2. Glucose and insulin force potassium into the cells, lowering it on a serum level.
A patient has been admitted with Acute Kidney Injury. The nurse knows the most important considerations for evaluating the patient's fluid status is what parameters? Select all that apply. 1. Urine and serum osmolality 2. Intake and output 3. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels 4. Daily weights
2. Intake and output 4. Daily weights
What intravenous (IV) solution should be utilized on burn patients? 1. 0.9% Sodium Chloride 2. Lactated Ringers (LR) 3. 0.45% Sodium Chloride 4. Dextrose with potassium
2. Lactated Ringers (LR)
A patient has been admitted with Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP). Which sign and symptoms would the nurse expect to note to support this diagnosis? 1. Fluid retention 2. Retinal hemorrhage 3. Petechial hemorrhages on legs 4. Muscle cramps 5. Gingival bleeding
2. Retinal hemorrhage 3. Petechial hemorrhages on legs 5. Gingival bleeding
A patient who was an unrestrained driver in a high-speed, head-on motor vehicle collision (MCV) presents with dyspnea, tachycardia, hypotension, jugular venous distention (JVD), tracheal deviation to the left, and decreased breath sounds on the right side. The nurse suspects these findings are indicative of which disorder? 1. Cardiac tamponade 2. Tension pneumothorax 3. Ruptured diaphragm 4. Simple pneumothorax
2. Tension pneumothorax
When is a patient with Factor 5 (V) Leiden at an increased risk of developing clots? 1. With a sedentary lifestyle 2. With pregnancy or when taking estrogen supplementation 3. With aspirin consumption 4. With poor nutrition
2. With pregnancy or when taking estrogen supplementation
A patient is admitted with renal failure. The patient's weight upon admission was 176 lbs and the next day it is 184 lbs. What is the approximate amount of fluid retained with this weight gain? 1. 8000 mL 2. 800 mL 3. 3600 mL 4. 2200 mL
3. 3600 mL
Which group of patients are at a high risk for a fat embolism syndrome complications? 1. Patients with liver trauma 2. Patients with burns 3. Patients with orthopedic trauma 4. Patients with spleen trauma
3. Patients with orthopedic trauma
A patient was admitted with an infection that had to be treated with aminoglycoside antibiotic. After a few days, the patient developed oliguria and elevated BUN and Creatinine levels. The patient's vitals signs are stable. The nurse would anticipate the practitioner ordering which dialysis method for this patient? 1. Hemodialysis 2. Intermittent ultrafiltration 3. Continuous renal replacement therapy 4. Peritoneal dialysis
1. Hemodialysis
Side effects of hemodialysis include: 1. Select all that apply. 1. Hypotension 2. Constipation 3. Euphoria 4. Bleeding from catheter site
1. Hypotension 4. Bleeding from catheter site
Which assessment findings may be present in the patient with significant fluid volume overload? 1. Dependent edema may be present 2. When testing the quality of skin turgor, the skin will not return to the normal position for several seconds. 3. Distention of the hand veins will disappear if the hand is elevated 4. S3 or S4 may develop 5. Tachycardia with hypotension may be present
1. Dependent edema may be present 4. S3 or S4 may develop
A patient has been admitted with Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS). Which laboratory/assessment findings would the nurse expect to note to support this diagnosis? SATA 1. Elevated creatinine 2. Dysrhythmias 3. Elevated BUN 4. Decreased potassium 5. Increased calcium
1. Elevated creatinine 2. Dysrhythmias 3. Elevated BUN
A patient is admitted with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Which event from the patient's history was the most probable cause of the patient's AKI? 1. Recent computed tomography of the brain with and without contrast 2. Recent bout of benign prostatic hypertrophy and transurethral resection of the prostate 3. Twice-daily prescription of Lasix 40 mg by mouth 4. Recent bout of acute heart failure after an acute myocardial infarction
1. Recent computed tomography of the brain with and without contrast
The nursing management plan for the patient with a urinary drainage catheter (Foley) would include which interventiona to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)? 1. Review the need for the urinary catheter daily and remove promptly 2. Insert urinary catheters using aseptic techniques 3. Avoid unnecessary use of indwelling urinary catheters 4. Flush the urinary catheter q8 hours to maintain patency 5. Change the urinary catheter daily
1. Review the need for the urinary catheter daily and remove promptly 2. Insert urinary catheters using aseptic techniques 3. Avoid unnecessary use of indwelling urinary catheters
What is the most common cause of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)? 1. Sepsis caused by gram-negative organisms 2. Sepsis caused by gram-positive organisms 3. Burns 4. Sickle cell anemia
1. Sepsis caused by gram-negative organisms
A patient has been admitted with muscle trauma and crush injuries. The nurse understands that this patient is at high risk for the development of acute kidney injury secondary to Rhabdomyolysis. Which findings would suggest the patient is developing this complication? 1. Tea/cola colored urine 2. Decreased urine output 3. Diminished pulses 4. Hypoxemia
1. Tea/cola colored urine 2. Decreased urine output
Using the "Rule of Nines", calculate the percent of injury in an adult who was injured as follows: The patient sustained partial and full-thickness burns to half of his left arm, entire left leg, and his perineum. 1. 45.5% 2. 23.5% 3. 16% 4. 28%
2. 23.5%
What is the single most important priority when caring for a burn patient? 1. Manage patient's pain 2. Airway management and oxygenation 3. Fluid resuscitation 4. Prevent infection
2. Airway management and oxygenation
Which medication is classified as a loop diuretic? 1. Metolazone 2. Mannitol 3. Acetazolamide 4. Furosemide
4. Furosemide
A patient is admitted after being burned while lighting the barbecue. The injuries appear moist and red with some blister formation and the patient states they are very painful. What kind of burn would the nurse document in the patient's record? 1. Superficial, first-degree burn 2. Full-thickness, third-degree burn 3. Deep dermal partial-thickness, second-degree burn 4. Partial-thickness, second-degree burn
4. Partial-thickness, second-degree burn
A patient is admitted with symptoms of a low-grade fever, joint pain, tachycardia, hepatomegaly, photophobia, and inability to follow commands. The patient is becoming more agitated and complaining of pain. The nurse suspects that the patient has which disorder? 1. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) 2. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) 3. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) 4. Sickle cell anemia
4. Sickle cell anemia
What is an easily accessible condiment that can be used to help treat first-degree burns? 1. ketchup 2. relish 3. mayonnaise 4. mustard
4. mustard
