CRJU 4100 Victimology Exam 2

Which of the following U.S. Supreme Court decisions deals with victim impact statements? A. Miranda v. Arizona B. Payne v. Tennessee C. Simon & Schuster v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board et al. D. Gregg v. Georgia E. In re Winston

B. Payne v. Tennessee

Which of the following best describes an in camera proceeding in a child maltreatment case? A. Allows child testimony to be videotaped outside the courtroom and preserved for later use. B. Violates the right to a public trial C. Violates the defendant's right to cross-examination of all witnesses D. Has been outlawed by the U.S. Supreme Court E. Violates the hearsay rule regarding third-party testimony

A. Allows child testimony to be videotaped outside the courtroom and preserved for later use.

What does it mean when state law and the court system view corporal punishment as a parental privilege when it comes to disciplining a child? A. It is not possible for a parent to commit a simple battery against his or her child when administering appropriate physical punishment in a sensible manner B. School administrators are allowed to administer appropriate corporal punishment. C. Corporal punishment is banned in the schools D. Parents are not allowed to spank their children E. Parents are entitled to reproductive rights

A. It is not possible for a parent to commit a simple battery against his or her child when administering appropriate physical punishment in a sensible manner

Which of the following U.S. Supreme Court cases upheld the use of involuntary civil commitment as a legitimate strategy for confining dangerous sex offenders to a mental institution after they have completed a prison sentence? A. Kansas v. Hendricks B. Kentucky v. Hendry C. Kentucky v. Kendricks D. In re Kendell E. Smith et al. v. Doe et al.

A. Kansas v. Hendricks

Which of the following is NOT a "trouble spot" with respect to child maltreatment cases? A. Statutory provisions that create legislative immunity for making a report in "good faith." B. Definitions as to what constitutes abuse or neglect vary from one state to the next C. Lack of reporting of suspected instances regarding child maltreatment. D. Insufficient training and licensing standards for occupations that have contact with children on a regular basis. E. Many social service agencies tend to rely upon the threshold of "some credible evidence" while the courts utilize a more stringent "proof-beyond-a-reasonable- doubt" standard.

A. Statutory provisions that create legislative immunity for making a report in "good faith."

What is the first responsibility of an officer who responds to a sexual battery incident? A. determine whether there are any immediate medical needs B. arrange to transport the victim promptly to the hospital for an examination to determine if a sexual assault did indeed occur C. encourage the victim to shower and change clothes in order to feel better and regain a sense of composure and self-esteem D. get the victim to sign an affidavit stating that he or she intends to cooperate in the prosecution of the suspect E. notify next-of-kin so this person can provide emotional support to the victim

A. determine whether there are any immediate medical needs

A victim impact statement has four benefits. Which of the following is NOT one of those benefits? A. includes an automatic payment provision for lawyer fees B. provides information to the judge C. has therapeutic benefits for victims D. lets a defendant know how the crime has harmed the victim E. ensures that the sentencing process is viewed as fair

A. includes an automatic payment provision for lawyer fees

Which of the following is the most common form of child maltreatment? A. neglect B. medical inattention C. physical abuse D. psychological abuse E. sexual abuse

A. neglect

The castle doctrine refers to which of the following? A. the privilege of nonretreat if one is attacked inside his or her home B. the right to engage in mutual combat in public whenever the other party throws the first punch C. the obligation to retreat when attacked in public D. the obligation to stand one's ground when attacked in public E. all of the above

A. the privilege of nonretreat if one is attacked inside his or her home

What is the purpose of a Victim Rights Amendment? A. to guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the criminal's justice system B. to guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the civil justice system C. to guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in victim compensation proceedings D. to guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the juvenile justice system E. to guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in restorative justice practices

A. to guarantee victims certain rights when they participate in the criminal's justice system

Which of the following is a reason for the discrepancy between the UCR and the NCVS in the amount of forcible rape uncovered? A. until recently the NCVS did not contain inquiries that dealt directly with rape B. the UCR is an official statement issued by the FBI whereas the NCVS is considered to be nonofficial C. the UCR does not track local rape statistics D. actually, there is very little difference between the two data sources E. the proliferation of rape crisis counseling centers

A. until recently the NCVS did not contain inquiries that dealt directly with rape

Abuse generally does NOT refer to which of the following? A. withholding of life's essentials B. non-accidental infliction of injury C. fondling a child D. child pornography E. juvenile prostitution

A. withholding of life's essentials

What is the motion called when a victim petitions a higher court asking the higher court to order a lower court to act upon or to refrain from violating that victim's rights? A. writ of mandamus B. writ of habeas corpus C. a declaratory judgment D. in loco parentis E. nullification order

A. writ of mandamus

Which of the following terms best describes the most common form of sexual battery? A. stranger rape B. acquaintance rape C. stalking rape D. obsessive rape E. spousal rape

B. acquaintance rape

What perspective is being adopted when a mental health counselor or therapist concentrates on the battering episode as an indicator of other underlying tensions in a relationship? A. critical victimology B. family violence C. spouse abuse D. feminist perspective E. Freudian

B. family violence

In terms of victim and offender characteristics, most sexual battery incidents that take place within the United States are what? A. interracial B. intraracial C. between people of the same gender D. involve people who do not know each other E. crimes of passion

B. intraracial

Which of the following terms refers to male privilege or structured inequality that portrays women as inferior and lacking in social power compared to men? A. matriarchy B. patriarchy C. oligarchy D. sexual symmetry E. sexual asymmetry

B. patriarchy

In terms of sexual battery cases, to what does the term "STD" refer? A. sexual trauma developments B. sexually transmitted diseases C. standard details of the case D. standard defenses that suspects usually invoke E. any indication that situational developments do not corroborate the issue of consent

B. sexually transmitted diseases

Which of the following studies was instrumental in establishing policy guidelines for how law enforcement officers should handle calls for service involving intimate partner violence? A. the Zimbardo Experiment B. the Minneapolis Experiment C. the National Family Violence Survey D. the President's Task Force on Family Violence E. the President's Task Force on Victims of Crime

B. the Minneapolis Experiment

Which of the following is NOT a valid criticism of victim rights legislation? A. The exercise of these rights may exacerbate harm to the victim. B. These measures have brought increased workloads for system workers. C. The exercise of these rights automatically opens up several avenues of appeal for convicted criminals. D. Victims have very little recourse if the prosecutor does not comply with his or her rights. E. The exercise of these rights may cause some delays in the court process.

C. The exercise of these rights automatically opens up several avenues of appeal for convicted criminals.

Which of the following is NOT a privileged relationship during the prosecution of child maltreatment? A. lawyer-client B. psychologist-patient C. doctor-patient D. priest-penitent E. all are privileged

C. doctor-patient

Which of the following would be considered an "aggravating circumstance?" A. low IQ B. a history of being abused as a child C. having a prior record as a sexual predator D. being under extreme mental duress at the time of the incident E. none of the above represent an aggravating circumstance

C. having a prior record as a sexual predator

The theoretical perspective known as "learned helplessness" is used to explain which of the following behaviors? A. sexual battery B. child maltreatment C. intimate partner violence D. elderly abuse E. all of the above

C. intimate partner violence

The historical standard of expecting that a sexual assault victim would fight her attacker and demonstrate that she offered the "utmost resistance" was interpreted as an example of what? A. victim precipitation B. victim provocation C. lack of victim consent D. offender mens rea E. offender's state of mind

C. lack of victim consent

Jane Doe feels that "her man" is the ruler of the household. If he should happen to beat her, it is his right to do so. Which of the following theoretical explanations best describes Jane Doe's reasoning? A. intraindividual perspective B. learned helplessness C. sociocultural explanation D. isolation E. mental illness

C. sociocultural explanation

Which of the following theoretical orientations looks at male domination, power, and control as an explanation of sexual assault? A. learned helplessness B. psychopathology C. sociocultural explanations D. non-traditional sex-role expectations E. backlash to the women's movement

C. sociocultural explanations

Which of the following U.S. Supreme Court cases upheld the introduction of victim impact statements in capital cases? A. Booth v. Maryland B. Gregg v. Georgia C. South Carolina v. Gathers D. Payne v. Tennessee E. In re Gault

D. Payne v. Tennessee

Which of the following limitations is associated with the "Conflict Tactics Scale?" A. It deals only with situations that have come to the attention of the police. B. It offers a standardized set of questions that can be used from one study to the next. C. The scale is based upon feminist interviewing techniques. D. Usually, only one partner is interviewed. E. both "a" and "b" above are appropriate answers to this question

D. Usually, only one partner is interviewed.

What is the result called when an intervention produces greater subsequent offending? A. a deterrent effect B. an incapacitation effect C. a latent effect D. a criminogenic effect E. a retributive effect

D. a criminogenic effect

Who coined the term "battered child syndrome?" A. a psychologist B. a social worker C. a minister D. a radiologist E. a lawyer

D. a radiologist

To which of the following items does "allocution" refer? A. a death penalty practice B. a sanction against prosecutors who do not abide by victim rights legislation C. a victim compensation hearing D. an orally delivered victim impact statement E. the criminal appeal process

D. an orally delivered victim impact statement

What does the term "shield provision" mean? A. newspapers cannot publish the victim's name or address B. the person is entitled to assistance under the "Witness Protection Act" C. television news reporters may not display any pictures or videos showing the victim's face D. defense lawyers cannot bring up the victim's sexual history unless it is relevant E. criminal charges can be filed only if the victim passes a lie-detector test

D. defense lawyers cannot bring up the victim's sexual history unless it is relevant

"Disinhibition" pertains to which of the following? A. one party losing romantic interest in the other party B. the lack of respect one partner shows for the other partner C. revocation of one's driver's license D. the role of alcohol in intimate partner violence E. a loss of interest in remaining with one's partner

D. the role of alcohol in intimate partner violence

Which of the following situations would NOT be covered under a domestic violence statute? A. violence involving two cohabitating homosexual lovers B. violence between two siblings C. violence between grandfather and grandson D. violence between two typical college roommates assigned to living arrangements in a campus dormitory E. all would be covered

D. violence between two typical college roommates assigned to living arrangements in a campus dormitory

How did the Florida Victim Rights Amendment finally make its way into the state constitution? A. the governor signed an executive order to that effect B. both the state Senate and the state House of Representatives enacted a bill to that effect C. it took a ruling from the Florida Supreme Court mandating that such wording be inserted into the state constitution D. voters passed such a constitutional amendment during the general election E. the U.S. Congress mandated that every state must have such an amendment

D. voters passed such a constitutional amendment during the general election

Victim rights reform has taken four different legislative routes in this country. Which of the following is NOT one of them? A. federal constitutional reform B. state constitutional reform C. federal legislation D. state legislation E. United Nations declarations

E. United Nations declarations

When stalking takes place in conjunction with intimate partner violence, it is most likely to be associated with which portion of the cycle of violence? A. tension-building phase B. battering episode C. reconciliation period D. anniversary date that the relationship began E. after the battered party decides to end the cycle of violence

E. after the battered party decides to end the cycle of violence

Which of the following representatives typically is NOT a member of a SART (Sexual Assault Response Team)? A. police dispatcher B. victim advocate C. forensic nurse D. prosecutor or state attorney E. criminal court judge

E. criminal court judge

Which of the following groups was responsible for detecting and recognizing child abuse? A. law enforcement B. pediatricians C. nurses D. concerned neighbors E. radiologists

E. radiologists

Which of the following was NOT true under former rape statutes? A. only sexual intercourse constituted rape B. in general, the husband could not be prosecuted if the accuser was his spouse C. only males could be suspects D. only women could be victims E. the victim did not have to show a lack of consent

E. the victim did not have to show a lack of consent