CS 1311 - HW1

A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.

0

Use what you have learned about the binary numbering system to convert the following decimal numbers to binary: 11 65 100 255

11 --> 1011 65 --> 1000001 100 --> 1100100 255 --> 11111111

Use what you have learned about the binary numbering system to convert the following binary numbers to decimal: 1101 1000 101011 111100

1101 --> 13 1000 --> 8 101011 --> 43 111100 --> 60

What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

A compiler is a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. The machine language program can then be executed any time it is needed. An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program. As the interpreter reads each individual instruction in the program, it converts it to a machine language instruction and then immediately executes it. Because interpreters combine translation and execution, they typically do not create separate machine language programs.

Use the internet to research the history of the Python programming language, and answer the following questions: A. Who was the creator of Python? B. When was Python created? C. In the Python programming community, the person who created Python is commonly referred to as "BDFL". What does this mean?

A. Guido van Rossum B. Feb. 20, 1991 C. Benevolent dictator for life

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is ______________ .

ASCII

The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.

Assembler

A ______________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.

Byte

A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.

False

Assembly language is considered a high-level language.

False

Images, like the ones created with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.

False

Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.

False

Windows, Linux, Android, iOS, and macOS are all examples of application software.

False

Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.

False

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as _______________.

Hardware

Today, CPUs are small chips known as _______________.

Microprocessors

What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?

Mnemonic

A video display is a(n) ______________ device.

Output

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running.

RAM

An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.

True

Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number.

True

Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands.

True

Main memory is also known as RAM.

True

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is ___________________ .

Unicode

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see ____________ .

a stream of binary numbers

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called ____________

an input device

In the ______________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.

binary

A byte is made up of eight _________ .

bits

A(n) program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.

compiler

In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.

decode

What would you call a device that works with binary data?

digital

Real numbers are encoded using the ________ technique.

floating point

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called .

key words

Computers can only execute programs that are written in ____________.

machine language

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in ____________.

main memory

What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer's hardware?

operating system

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called _______________.

pixels

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

program

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called _______________.

secondary storage

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called .

syntax

The part of a computer that runs programs is called _____________ .

the CPU

Negative numbers are encoded using the ___________ technique.

two's complement