CS 246 Test 1 notes

What file extension do C programs traditional use ?

.C

What file extension do C++ programs traditionally use ?

.CPP

what decade gave rise to structured programming ?

1960's

When was C++ first develop and where?

1979 at Bell Laboratories

When was the ANSI C standard adopted ?

1989

Part one of this text book covers what ?

A comprehensive discussion of the C subset

C is what type of language ?

A middle level language

What type of item is an object ?

A programmer-defined type

What is an example of high level language ?

Ada Modula-2 Pascal Cobol Fortran basic

Who created STL ?

Alexander Stepanov

Who is this book for ?

All programmers

What come after toggle programming ?

Assembly language

Why is C++ a middle level language ?

Because it has the best bits of a high level language and the control and flexibility of assembly language.

The C++ extensions where first invented by?

Bjarne Stroustrup

What were the early languages that encouraged structured programming ?

C and Pascal

What is more efficient C++ or C ?

C as it is a simpler tool set

What was C++ initially called ?

C with classes

What two languages define modern programming ?

C++ / C#

All C programs are also what ?

C++ programs

What version of C is what most programmers use ?

C89

What is the .c and .cpp extension primary used for ?

Compiler uses to see what it should compile in

Who invented the C language ?

Dennis Richie

What was the first widespread high level language ?

FORTRAN

How can Compartmentalization be critical?

For larger projects were one programmers code should not touch another programmers code.

Who is the author of our text book ?

Herbert Schildt

What kind of approach does see take towards the programmer ?

It is a programmers language; focused on the tools and methods most efficient for their work flow.

What is an example of middle level language?

Java C# C++ C Forth

Who invented the B language?

Ken Thompson

Who developed BCPL?

Martian Richards

Where is Bell Laboratories located ?

Murray Hill, New Jersey

Are any of the C99 innovations in C++ ?

No, this is not the case.

What does OOP stand for ?

Object-oriented programming

Allowing one interface to control access to a general class of functions is what characteristic of OOP?

Polymorphism in greek: many forms

What version of C++ does this book describe ?

Standard c++ defined by the ANSI/ISO standard

What was the first basic version of C++

The ANSI standard plus Amendment 1

What standard is refereed to as standard C++?

The ANSI/ISO standard for C++ from 1998

What are the advantages of C99 over C89 ?

The addition of several numeric libraries and the development if variable-length arrays and restrict pointer qualifier

What is the C subset ?

The bedrock features of c++ for loops if etc

What is the distinguishing feature of a structured language?

The compartmentalization of code and data, local variables, and lack of reliance upon GOTO commands

What is an object ? class definition

The data and the code which manipulates that data bound or linked together.

What is something that slowed the standardization of C++ ?

The inclusion of the STL

What is private code or data ?

The information referred to is only accessible by another part of the object. It may not be accessed by a piece of the program that exists outside the object.

What is Encapsulation ?

The mechanism that binds together code and the data it manipulates, and keeps both safe from interference and misuse.

What does compartmentalization make easy?

The reuse and sharing of sections of code

What does compartmentalization of code and data mean ?

This is the ability of the language to section off the instructions to perform specific tasks.

What are public parts of an object usually used for ?

To provide a controlled interface to the private elements of the object.

When is OOP hyphenated?

When oriented ends in ed Object-oriented object orientation

When code or data is public can other non object specific parts of the program access it ?

Yes they may

Are there C tools in C++ that we do not use commonly in C++?

Yes we adhere to the style of the language we are in

Each time you create a new object or programmer-defined type what are you doing ?

You are creating a new data type that is a compound variable

What is the standard template library ?

a set of generic routines that you can use to manipulate data. It is both powerful and elegant, but also quite large.

What type of language is C?

a structured language

When code and data are linked in a black box what is that called ?

an object

What are OOP languages structured around ?

around data

What are the two ways a program can be organized ?

around its code (What is happening) or around its data (who is being affected)

What is an example of low level language ?

assembler

When does a C program become to long to become manageable or graspable?

at 25,000 to 100,000 lines of code

How was programming first done at the invention of computers ?

by toggling in the binary machine instructions

What language sets the bar for being judged ?

c++

What is a structured programming technique organized around ?

code

What does portability mean ?

easy to adapt software written already written to different systems

What types of systems are better suited for C rather than C++?

embedded systems, when code overhead is important

What three traits do all OOP language have in common ?

encapsulation, polymorphism, and inheritance

When was C++ called C++?

in 1983

What promoted the need for C++ ?

increasing complexity

What are examples of the compartmentalization of code ?

local variables, and functions

What was added to C for C++

new features and extensions designed to support object oriented programming (OOP).

Can a programmer afford to ignore c++ ?

no they can not afford to ignore it

define OOPL

object oriented programming language

What phrase characterizes Polymorphism ?

one interface, multiple methods

How long did the ANSI C standard take to develop?

six years

When was C developed ?

the 1970's

What does STL stand for ?

the Standard Template Library

What was the event that greatly expanded C++ ?

the creation of the STL

What has driven the change in programming methodologies ?

the increasing complexity of programs

What is the main purpose of C++ ?

to be able to comprehend and manage larger, more complex programs

The text divides the topics into how many parts ?

two parts: The C subset C++ specific tools

Can code or data be private or public in an object ?

yes both can be private to an object or public

Is a object in OOP a type of variable ?

yes it is; a programmer-defined type

Did some think with the arrival of C++ that C would die out ?

yes some infact did