CSC 10A Accelerated Intro to Programming Logic Midterm 2 Study Guide
What is a Boolean expression?
An expression that can be evaluated as either true or false
What is defensive programming?
Anticipating obvious and unobvious errors/ bad input
What does the phrase "Garbage-in, Garbage-out" mean?
Bad input makes bad output
How do you call functions?
Function calls are usually inserted into statements that perform some operation with the value that is returned from the function
How do functions differ from modules?
Functions return a piece of data, while modules do not; Functions are also called differently than modules
What is a flag?
Indicates whether a specific condition exists or not; when false the condition does not exist, if true, it does
What will SetX=random (1,100) do?
It will return a random number between 1 and 100
What is a relational operator?
Less than, greater than, not equal to, equal to, greater than or equal to less than or equal to
What is a Do Until loop?
Loops until a condition is true
What is inside and outside range checking?
See if a variable is inside or outside a set of numbers
What is do while loop ?
This code is repeated until the condition becomes false.
What are logical operators?
AND= both must be true, OR= one or either must be true, NOT=Flips the value= NOT true= false, and NOT false= true
What is a dual alternative structure?
A structure that will execute one group of statements if its Boolean condition is false, and another set if it is true
What are the two parts of a While Loop?
1. Test if a condition is true or false 2. Statement(s) Are repeated until the condition is false (Pretest loop)
What is a Boolean variable?
A True or False data type. In a code, it may indicate whether a student got an exam right or not. Or if an iteration will run again.
What is an IPO chart?
A chart that labels the input, processing, and output parts of a program
What is a nested loop?
A loop inside another loop
What is a count-controlled loop?
A loop that repeats a specific number of times
What is the input validation process/loop?
A loop that repeats until it receives good Input data; looping as long as the input data is bad, it is a while loop
What is a condition-controlled loop?
A loop that uses a true/false condition to control the number of times that it repeats.
What is a function?
A module that returns a value back to the part of the program that called it
What is a library function?
A prewritten function that performs commonly needed tasks.
What is a Sentinel?
A special value that marks the end of a list of items; when this value is read, the program knows that it has reached the end of the list
What is a repetition structure?
A statement that causes statements to execute repeatedly
What is a Decision Structure?
A structure that allows a program to perform actions only under certain circumstances
What is a single alternative decision structure?
A structure that only provides one alternative path of execution