csest bio I -study

.Which of the following is NOT a type of molecule that is based primarily on carbon? Report an Error Carbohydrates. Nucleic acids. Metal oxides. Lipids. Proteins.

Metal oxides.

any chemical element which has properties in between those of metals and nonmetals, or that has a mixture of them

Metalloids

Which of the following is least likely to be reported? Mode Mean Median Population size

Mode

What if you have 2 modes ?

Mode can be two or more numbers occurring at the same frequency, so you report both.

an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Molecule

is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media, usually as a gravity wave between two fluids with different densities

Surface wave

upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object

buyoncy

You are conducting a political survey in a neighborhood and decide that after randomly selecting a start point, you will sample every 15th house on the street. What type of sampling will you be using for this survey? Simple random Cluster Systematic Non-random Interval

systemic

Which of the below does NOT describe a concave lens? It is thicker at the ends than in the middle. It is thicker in the middle than at the ends. It refracts light passing through it into a wide arc. It can be used as a corrective measure for nearsightedness.

t is thicker in the middle than at the end A convex lens is thicker at the ends than in the middle (in other words, thinner in the middle than at the ends), thus it bends light passing through it into a wide arc.

the branch of fluid mechanics that studies incompressible fluids at rest

hydrostatic pressure

Aaron makes two separate trips. The first trip, Aaron travels 2 miles east and 4 miles north (2, 4). The second trip, Aaron travels 2 miles west and 4 miles south (-2, -4). What is his resultant displacement vector? (4, 8) (0, 0) (-4, 8) (1, 0)

(0, 0)

Jake travels from his work to the store to pick up something and then back to work. What are the coordinates of Jake's displacement vector? (0, 0) (1, 2) (2, 1) (4, 4)

(0, 0)

find the resultant vector of vector A (1, 1) and vector B (-1, 4). (2, 5) (0, 5) (0, 3) (2, 3)

(0, 5)

Find the range for one standard deviation in the following data set: 16, 20, 14, 24, 16, 19, 30, and 8 8 to 30 8 to 18.375 12.175 to 24.575 0 to 18.375 12.175 to 19.35

0 to 18.3

For neutral solutions, the pH is 7. In chemistry, what is the value (concentration) when the amount of H+ and OH- ions found in this neutral solution are equal? 1 x 10-10 1 x 10 1 x 10-2 1 x 10-7

1 x 10-7

How many valence electrons does krypton have? 10 4 8 6 36

8

If the total distance between 8 consecutive peaks of a transverse wave is 12m, what is the wavelength?

1.5m

hat is the period of a wave of frequency equal to 10Hz ?

1/10 seconds = .1 s

All of the letters of MISSISSIPPI are put in a bag. What is the probability of selecting an M and then after not replacing the letter, selecting a P? 1/55 1/110 2/121 1/121

1/55

100% of the light frequencies resonate with the electrons of an object, then the object will exhibit 0% amplification 0% absorption 100% absorption 100% reflection 100% transmission

100 absorption When light waves resonate with an object, they cause the electrons to vibrate with high amplitudes. The light energy is absorbed by the object, and we don't see that light coming back to us at all. The object appears black.

Find the range for one standard deviation in the following data set: 16, 20, 14, 24, 16, 19, 30, and 8 12.175 to 24.575 8 to 30 8 to 18.375 0 to 18.375 12.175 to 19.35

12 to 24

particular commercial satellite radio station operates on 2335 MHz. What is the approximate wavelength of this signal? 128 mm 128 km 0.122 nm 0.428 nm

128 mm

Which group does NOT contain transition metals? Group 9 Group 5 Group 13 Group 7 Group 11

13

Hugo measures the pressure in his car's tire and finds that it is 32 Psi. What is the pressure if he converts this measurement from Psi to Torr? 32 1654 2.2 1520

14.7 Psi is equivalent to 1 Atmosphere. 1 Atmosphere is equivalent to 760 Torr. Therefore, 14.7 Psi is equivalent to 760 Torr. The final conversion can be found by performing the following calculation: (760/14.7) x 32.

n a reaction, 25 grams of reactant AB breaks down into 10 grams of product A and an unknown amount of product B. Using the law of conservation of mass, how much does product B weigh? 25 g 15 g It cannot be determined from the given information. 10 g

15

All of the letters that spell MISSISSIPPI are put into a bag. What is the probability of selecting a vowel, and then after replacing the letter, also drawing an S? 8/55 4/11 16/110 16/121

16/121

Find the standard deviation for the following data set: 101, 106, 125, 142, 78, and 109 395 21.2 19.9 110 25.6

19.9

What conversion factor do we multiply to 120 minutes if we want to convert it to hours? 1 hr/60 minutes 60 minutes/1 hr 2 hr/60 minutes

1hr/60

question 5 of 5 What is the electron configuration of hydrogen? 1s^2 1s^2 2s^1 1s^1 1s^2 2s^2

1s^1

If an atom of Oxygen has 8 electrons, which of these is the proper electron configuration? 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 1s^2 2p^6

1s^2 2s^2 2p^4

Which of these is the electron configuration of an ion of Nitrogen that has 8 electrons, meaning it has a -1 charge? 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4 1s^2 2s^2 2p^7 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5

1s^2 2s^2 2p^4

Which of these is the electron configuration of an ion of Nitrogen that has 8 electrons, meaning it has a -1 charge? 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 1s^2 2s^2 2p^7

1s^2 2s^2 2p^4

Which one of these is NOT a possible electron configuration? 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4 1s^2 2s^2 2p^7 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5

1s^2 2s^2 2p^7

Molecules are made of _____ , while compounds are made of _____ . 2 or more different atoms, 2 or more atoms of any kind only one type of element, multiple elements 3 or more atoms of any kind, 3 or more different atoms compounds, elements 2 or more atoms of any kind, 2 or more different atoms

2 or more atoms of any kind, 2 or more different atoms

Which of the following shows the best order of the steps that a student should take when interpreting tables of scientific data on an exam? I. Student tries to answer the question on his/her own II. Student scans the table to assess the information provided III. Student confirms that the information data table makes sense I, II, III III, I, II II, III, I III, II, I

2.3.1

When a string is vibrated at a frequency of 10Hz, producing a transverse wave of wavelength 0.25m What is the speed of the wave traveling along the string?

2.5 m/s

An object has a velocity of 72 km/hr. Find its value in m/s. Conversion factors: 1 hr = 3600 s 1000 m = 1 km 0.00002 m/s 259.2 m/s 20 m/s 25920 m/s

20 m/w

Consider an alien on a planet with an acceleration of gravity equal to 20 m/sec2. If the alien's mass is 10 kg, how much does the alien weigh? 200 pounds 200 Newtons 20 pounds 2 Newtons 20 Newtons

200N

Find the variance for the following data set: 16, 20, 14, 24, 16, 19, 30, and 8 1.625 2.64 38.48 18.375 39.2

38

Find the variance for the following data set: 101, 106, 125, 142, 78, and 109 110 395 1988 2370 31

395

Which of Newton's three laws can be used to derive conservation of momentum? Newton's Second Law Newton's Third Law Newton's First Law Both Newton's Second and Third Law

3rd

How many valence electrons does silicon have? 4 1 28 2 14

4

question 4 of 5 You measure the mass of piece of gold to be 45.8 g, but the true value is 48.0 g. What is the percent error? 0.0458% 0.9542% 95.42% 4.58%

4.58 percent

In a chemical reaction, 300 grams of reactant A are combined with 100 grams of reactant B. Both A and B react to completion. How much will the product weigh? 200 grams 300 grams It cannot be determined from the given information. 400 gr

400

question 5 of 5 Blue light has a wavelength of about 475 nm. What is the approximate photon energy associated with blue light? 3 x 10^-40 J 4 x 10^-19 J 4 x 10^-28 J 3 x 10^-31 J

4x 10 -19

In which energy level is the outer electron in rubidium located? 1 37 85 2 5

5

f there is 10 N force acting downward on an object and 15 N force acting upward, what is the net force on the object? 25 N -5 5 N downward 5 N upward 5 N

5 N upward

Consider an object being pushed to the left with a force of 15 N and pushed to the right with a force of 10 N. What is the net force acting on this object? 15 Newtons to the left 5 Newtons to the left 25 Newtons 5 Newtons to the right

5 Newtons to the left

Which of the following is a fully described force? North 5 Newton 5 newtons to the north 5 north east 5 and to the north

5 newtons to the north

How many quarts are there in 5.0 liters? Conversion factor: 1 L = 1.0567 quarts 55 quarts 5 quarts 5.3 quarts 0.95 quarts

5.3

A base in chemistry has a pH level greater than: 0 7 12 5

7

On a pH scale, what number means a solution is neutral? 7 8 4 14

7

Consider a 10 kg object free-falling from a cliff with an initial speed of 0 m/sec. What will the speed of the object be after 1 sec and after 2 sec? 9.8 m/sec after 1 sec and 19.6 m/sec after 2 sec 19.6 m/sec after 1 sec and 29.4 m/sec after 2 sec 9.8 m/sec after 1 sec and 29.4 m/sec after 2 sec 9.8 m/sec after 1 and 2 sec Cannot determine with information provided

9.8 m/sec after 1 sec and 19.6 m/sec after 2 sec

Which of the following is NOT a general guideline to follow when presenting scientific information? Honesty Clarity Being right All are guidelines to follow Organization

All the guidelines to follow

Which is NOT true about forces? They have magnitude and direction They result from interactions They come in pairs They are a push or pull All these things are true of forces.

All these things are true of forces.

What is the difference between a balanced equation and an unbalanced equation? A balanced equation obeys the law of conservation of mass, an unbalanced equation does not. All of the answers are correct. Balanced equations do not show equal numbers of atoms on each side of the equation. An unbalanced equation shows the conservation of mass.

A balanced equation obeys the law of conservation of mass, an unbalanced equation does not.

What is verifiable evidence? A body of facts and information showing whether a proposition is true or untrue, where the exact same numbers can be found by repeating the experiment Any evidence that is factually correct, and leads to the right conclusions about the natural world None of the answers are correct. A body of facts and information showing whether a proposition is true or untrue, where those facts and information can be confirmed by repeating the experiment.

A body of facts and information showing whether a proposition is true or untrue, where those facts and information can be confirmed by repeating the experiment.

Which of the following best describes Pascal's Principle? A change in pressure at any point in a solid will be transmitted undiminished to all parts of that solid. A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid will have no effect on other parts of that fluid. A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid will be transmitted undiminished to all parts of that fluid. None of the answers are correct. A change in pressure at any point in an open system will be transmitted undiminished to all parts of that system

A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid will be transmitted undiminished to all parts of that fluid.

Computer model

A computer simulation is a simulation, run on a single computer, or a network of computers, to reproduce behavior of a system

hat is a free-body diagram? A diagram for unbalanced forces only A net force calculation A force vector diagram A diagram for balanced forces only A diagram to illustrate objects in free-fall

A force vector diagram

Population

A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

How can a hydraulic jack lift a car? Pressure exerted on the small area of the jack's handle is transmitted without diminishing to all parts of the fluid-filled jacking system. Pressure exerted on the small area of the jack's handle activates a pulley system that elevates the car. None of the answers are correct. Fluid injected into the jack's handle forces additional fluids within the jacking system to move at a rapid speed, which presses the jack up under the car. Pressure exerted on the small area of the jack's handle mechanically pulls a lever, which elevates the car.

A hydraulic jack can lift a 2-ton vehicle by simply pushing on the jack's handle. This works because the pressure the mechanic exerts on the handle is transmitted without diminishing to all parts of the fluid-filled jacking system. In other words, a small force applied to a small area can generate the larger force at a large area. Pressure exerted on the small area of the jack's handle is transmitted without diminishing to all parts of the fluid-filled jacking system.

how is a scientific law different from a scientific theory? A theory becomes a law in time. A theory does not explain why something happens. A law does not explain why something happens. A law becomes a theory in time.

A law is based on an observation of a phenomenon that will always occur in the same circumstances. It only describes the phenomenon itself and does not predict why it may happen.

Which of the following scientific papers is most likely to be reliable? A paper on climate change, published by a climate scientist who is well-respected and has a twenty year history in the field A paper on climate change, published by a politician A paper on climate change, published by a biologist who has mostly published papers in physiology in the past A paper on climate change, published by a climate scientist who has only published one other paper

A paper on climate change published by a climate scientist who is well respected and has a 20 year history in the field

Which of the following kinds of papers is most reliable? A peer-reviewed paper in an obscure scientific journal A non-peer-reviewed paper in an obscure scientific journal A scientific paper published only on the internet A peer-reviewed paper in a well-known scientific journal

A peer reviewed paper in a well-known scientific journal

population

A population is a summation of all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding

What is a scientific model? A person who is showing off the latest styles in lab coats A representation of a particular phenomena using something else to make it easier to understand Any physical form created by scientists to represent something A set of mathematics that describe a particular situation

A representation of a particular phenomenon using something else to make it easier to understand

scientific law

A scientific law is a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspects of the universe

What do we call an explanation of why things happen that is tested and accepted as being true? A hypothesis A scientific law The scientific method A scientific theory

A scientific theory explanations why something happens, is accepted as true, and has been tested repeatedly to show that the idea could be correct.

What is the definition of a neutral solution? A solution that is more basic but not acidic A solution that is slightly acidic but not basic A solution that is neither acidic or basic A solution that is both basic and acidic

A solution that is neither acidic or basic

What are the characteristics of a liquid? A state of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape. A state of matter that has both a fixed volume and shape. A state of matter that conducts electricity well. A state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape. A state of matter similar to gas that has free electrons.

A state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape.

What are the properties of a solid? A state of matter that has both a fixed volume and shape. A state of matter similar to gas that has free electrons. A state of matter that conducts electricity well. A state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape. A state of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape.

A state of matter that has both a fixed volume and shape.

Which of the following is accurate about the force of gravity? All of the options are true regarding the force of gravity. Gravity is directly proportional to mass. Gravity causes falling objects to accelerate as distance increases. Gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between two objects. The effect of distance is greater than the effect of mass on gravity.

ALL ARE TRUE

the result of an uncontrolled chain reaction; releases tremendous energy

ATOMIC BOMB

Resonance of light waves results in transparency transmission of light waves a light color absorption of light waves a loud sound

Absorption of light waves .When light waves resonate with an object, they cause the electrons to vibrate with high amplitudes. The light energy is absorbed by the object, and we don't see that light coming back to us at all. The object appears black.

uestion 1 of 5 _____ is how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value, while _____ measures how repeatable a measurement is. systemic error; random error precision; accuracy accuracy; precision parallax; percent error

Accuracy , precise

How do you figure out the average (mean) of a set of trials? Find the difference between the largest and smallest number. Add the values and divide by the number of values. Multiply the values together. Add the values and multiply them by the number of values.

Add the values and divide by the number of values.

Which of the following elements is a main group element? Aluminum Tungsten Manganese Copper Gold

Al

Which family has the lowest electronegativity? The oxygen family The alkaline earth metals The halogens The alkali metals

Alkali

Elements in Group 2 are known as the _____. alkaline earth metals halogens noble gases metalloids alkali metals

Alkali earth metals

metals are six chemical elements in column 2 of the Periodic table

Alkaline earth metals

Where might a scientist publish a written work? Technical reports Books All are correct Online Journals

All

Which is a way to examine the accuracy of a source? Check it against other reputable sources The methodology of the research Whether it makes sense or not Its list of other works cited All are correc

All

Which of the following are types of kinetic energy? Translational Rotational All of the answers are correct. Vibrational

All

Which of the following is a molecule? All are correct HCl Sr3 P2 None are correct CaCl2 P4

All

Which of the following is considered a source? A textbook A blogger A journal article A professor Journal artivle

All

Which of the following is involved in evaluating whether the scientific evidence supports the conclusions? Determining if the data was correctly described All of the answers are correct. Determining if controls used in the experiment Examining the data Examining the methodology

All

Which of the following qualifies as a source? A newspaper article All are sources Your professor A book A personal intervie

All

question 1 of 5 Which of the following is a type of isotope? Radioactive isotope Stable isotope All answers are correct. Long-lived isotope Cosmogenic isotope

All

Which of the following represents some form of the hydrostatic equation? P = ρgh ρ = P/(gd) P/(ρg) = d All are correct P = ρgd

All are correct

Why should you be careful when using online sources? They may not be online for long periods of time They may present misinformation They may be biased All are correct They may not be reputable

All are correct

What color is being absorbed by green leaf? Only yellow All colors except green. Yellow and purple Green

All except green

We know that Pascal's principle applies to any enclosed fluid. Which of the following is true concerning fluids? Oil is considered a fluid All of the answers are correct Toothpaste is considered a fluid Fluids are any substances that flow and that take the shape of their container A gas is considered a fluid

All of the answers are correct

Which of the following will react violently with water to form a base? Cobalt (Co) Calcium (Ca) Potassium (K) Chlorine (Cl) Aluminum (Al)

All of the elements in Group 1 on the very left-hand side of the periodic table are called alkali metals. Alkali metals are soft and silvery and react violently with water to form an alkaline (or basic) solution. We can find Potassium (K

Which of the following will react violently with water to form a base? Potassium (K) Aluminum (Al) Chlorine (Cl) Cobalt (Co) Calcium (Ca)

All of the elements in Group 1 on the very left-hand side of the periodic table are called alkali metals. Alkali metals are soft and silvery and react violently with water to form an alkaline (or basic) solution. We can find Potassium (K) in this group.

Which two parameters can both be measured in meters? amplitude and wavelength period and wavelength speed and frequency frequency and amplitude wavelength and speed

Amplitude and wavelength are both measures of distance. Wavelengths for long waves can be measured in meters, but we use nanometers to measure the length of shorter waves. Amplitude is the distance between the midline of a wave and its crest or trough and can also be measured in meters.

What is a vector? An arrow, that represents a quantity's direction. A line, that represents a quantity with both magnitude and direction. An arrow, that represents a quantity with both magnitude and direction. A dot, that represents a quantity's magnitude. A plane, that represents a quantity with both magnitude and direction.

An arrow, that represents a quantity with both magnitude and direction.

What is an anion? An atom that has gained a valence electron and is negatively charged. An atom that has lost a valence electron and is positively charged. An atom that has lost a valence electron and is negatively charged. An atom that has gained a valence electron and is positively charged.

An atom that has gained a valence electron and is negatively charged.

experiment

An experiment is a procedure carried out to support, refute, or validate a hypothesis

An experiment should show that a hypothesis is either _____. right or wrong correct or incorrect peer reviewed or not reviewed supported or not supported

An experiment should show that a hypothesis is either supported or not supported.

What is an experimental error? The result of an error in accuracy or precision The difference between the measurements you take and a perfect set of measurements. The difference between any two sets of measurements The result of an error related to the use of equipment

An experimental error is the difference between the measurements you take and a perfect set of measurements. There are two types of experimental errors: precision and accuracy. People use those words interchangeably, but they're very different.

What is a scientific explanation? An explanation based on observations and measurements that fits all the data. Any explanation that a scientist makes. Any explanation that fits some of the data. An idea (or hypothesis) about how the natural world might work.

An explanation based on observations and measurements that fits all the data

What is the basic idea behind the Bernoulli principle? Cholesterol is bad for your health. An increase in fluid velocity results in a decrease in pressure. Blood always flows first from the heart into arteries, then capillaries, then veins. The overall pressure within a stream is generally inconsistent.

An increase in fluid velocity results in a decrease in pressure.

question 4 of 5 What is a compound lens? An optical device that uses one lens to refract light An optical device that can be used to correct nearsightedness and farsightedness An optical device that uses multiple lenses to refract light An optical device that uses multiple lenses to refract light, such as a hand magnifying glass

An optical device that uses multiple lenses to refract light

question 3 of 5 What is a simple lens? An optical device that uses one lens to refract light An optical device that uses multiple lenses to refract light An optical device that uses one lens to refract, and thus magnify, light An optical device that uses one lens to refract light, such as a compound microscope

An optical device that uses one lens to refract light

analysis

Analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it

Which rule describes what you should do when you're ready to read a multiple-choice question? Take five minutes to understand the chart. Identify the trends of the chart. Answer the question before looking at the answer choices. Take five minutes to read all the questions.

Answer question

Which rule keeps you from getting distracted by incorrect choices in a multiple-choice question? Verify the concepts. Answer the question on your own. Save harder questions for the end. Pace yourself. Scan the table first.

Answer question on your own

Which of the following types of radioactive isotopes are man-made or are a result of human activity? Radiogenic Cosmogenic Long-Lived Anthropogenic

Anthropogenic

As you move from left to right on the periodic table, why does the atomic radius decrease? As more protons are added, the more tightly the surrounding electrons are drawn inwards. As more neutrons are added, the more tightly the surrounding electrons are drawn inwards. As more electrons are added, the more tightly they draw themselves towards the nucleus. As the mass of the nucleus rises, the more tightly the surrounding electrons are drawn inwards.

As more protons are added, the more tightly the surrounding electrons are drawn inwards.

What does Boyle's law state about the role of pressure as a stressor on a system? Boyle's law does not relate to the role of pressure as a stressor on a system. As the pressure on a gas increases, the volume of that gas increases. As the pressure on a gas decreases, the volume of that gas increases. Pressure has little effect on gas reactions.

As the pressure on a gas decreases, the volume of that gas increases.

As you move from left to right on the periodic table, what generally happens to the metallic character of elements? It decreases. It decreases, then increases. It increases. It remains constant. It increases, then decreases.

As you move from left to right across a period on the table, the elements become less metallic in characte

the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element

Atom

hich two are isotopes of one another? 1-8 protons ,10N, 8 e 2- 10,9,10 3-9,9,9 4-8,11,8 Atoms 1 & 2 Atoms 1 & 4 Atoms 2 & 4 Atoms 2 & 3

Atoms 1 and 4

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to _____ attract protons. repel protons. repel electrons. attract neutrons. attract electrons

Attract

In colloquial language, an average is the sum of a list of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the list

Average

Why do scientists revise models? To fit their personal ideologies. Because scientists often turn out to be wrong. Because the way the natural world works changes over time. Because science is always open to new data, and sometimes our understanding is simplified or limited.

Because science is always open to new data and sometimes our understanding is simplified or limited

Two students perform the same experiment and calculate the percent error of their measurement. Student #1 has a percent error of 14.2%, while student #2 has a percent error of 9.4%. Which student has the most accurate measurements? Student #1 You can't tell because % error measures precision and not accuracy. You can't tell because you need to know the true value before you can know which is most accurate Student #2

Because student #2 has a lower percent error, her measurements are more accurate than those of Student #1

Which of the following is NOT a vitally important part of scientific investigations? The use of data as evidence for a hypothesis Collection of empirical data Applying logical reasoning to your explanation of the phenomenon Basing your conclusions on numerical data only

Basing your conclusions on data only

Which of the following is NOT a vitally important part of scientific investigations? Basing your conclusions on numerical data only Collection of empirical data The use of data as evidence for a hypothesis Applying logical reasoning to your explanation of the phenomenon

Basing your conclusions on numerical data only

Why did people discover they could hear confessions from across the room in the Cathedral of Agrigento in Sicily? Because of specular reflection of sound and the elliptical shape of the room. Because of specular reflection of sound and the circular shape of the room. Because of diffuse reflection of sound and the elliptical shape of the room. Because of diffuse reflection of sound and the circular shape of the room.

Because of specular reflection of sound and the elliptical shape of the room

question 2 of 5 Why should a scientific explanation make testable predictions? Because otherwise there's usually no way to check if it's true or not. Because scientists are more interested in the future than the past. It doesn't need to make testable predictions. None of the other answers are correct.

Because otherwise there's really no way to check if it's true or not

Which of these elements has the largest atomic radius? Bromine (Br) Barium (Ba) Magnesium (Mg) Silicon (Si) Astatine (At)

BaBarium is near the bottom of its column and on the left side of its row. We know that the further left and closest to the bottom will give the atom a larger radius, making it have the largest atomic radius of the group.

Which of the following statements is NOT true? All of the statements are true. Bases tend to release H^+ ions when dissolved in water. Acids release H^+ ions, which decreases pH. Bases tend to accept H^+ ions, neutralizing acids and increasing pH.

Bases tend to release H^+ ions when dissolved in water.

Why does a spoon in water look like it's in two pieces? Because it is -- refraction breaks the spoon. Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it bounces, making it appear in a different location. Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it enters the water, making it appear in a different location. Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it leaves the water, making it appear in a different location.

Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it leaves the water, making it appear in a different location.When the light bounces off the spoon and heads towards your eyes, it passes from water into air. As it leaves the water it bends, making it appear to your eyes that the underwater part of the spoon is in a different location. The light does change direction when it bounces off the spoon, and it does bend as it enters the water, but the only light that is important is the light going from the spoon to your eyes -- that is the light that your eyes see.

As you move from top to bottom on the periodic table, why does electronegativity decrease? Because the outermost electrons get farther and farther away from the atom's nucleus, the attraction between the nucleus and bonding electrons decreases. Because the outermost electrons get closer and closer to the atom's nucleus, the attraction between the nucleus and bonding electrons decreases. Because the outermost electrons get closer and closer to the atom's nucleus, the attraction between the nucleus and bonding electrons increases. Because the outermost electrons get farther and farther away from the atom's nucleus, the attraction between the nucleus and bonding electrons increases.

Because the outermost electrons get farther and farther away from the atom's nucleus, the attraction between the nucleus and bonding electrons decreases.

Despite human skin providing protection against alpha particles, why is it dangerous to ingest alpha particles? Because it takes the human body a long time to digest alpha particles. Because your inner tissues are not as strong as your skin, and can be damaged by alpha particles. Because the alpha particles are likely to be repelled by your skin, causing damage as they pass through your body away from the skin. Because the alpha particles are likely to be absorbed into your skin, causing damage as they pass through your body toward the skin.

Because your inner tissues are not as strong as your skin, and can be damaged by alpha particles.

you conduct a study of reaction times by placing a plastic spider on a person's chair right before they sit down and recording their reaction time. You repeat the study, but this time you yell ''SPIDER!'' right before the person sits down and again measure their reaction time. Why can your yelling ''SPIDER!'' be considered a moderating variable? Because, based on your yelling, the relationship between the independent and dependent variable changes. Because regardless of how many times you conduct the experiment, you will always yell SPIDER! the same way. Because it is the variable you are trying to manipulate in order to understand the dependent variable.

Because, based on your yelling, the relationship between the independent and dependent variable changes.

When is the best time to consider what analysis to examine your data with? After all of the data have been collected During the experiment when you know better what your data look like After you have run a few analysis trials Before you even begin collecting data It will be obvious once you have collected your data so you won't need to make this decision

Before you can embark on an experiment, you need to design it. There's a lot of planning that goes into experimental design before you even begin collecting data.

Which of the following is really just a high-energy electron? Gamma ray Beta particle Alpha particle Proton

Beta minus particles are essentially high-energy electrons that are emitted from the nucleus when a neutron turns into a proton.

Which of the following elements has the same number of valence electrons as aluminum? carbon magnesium zinc silicon boron

Boron

Which of the following is a safety design constraint? Newly constructed playgrounds use entirely recycled rubber for the flooring. Newly built bridges in the San Fransisco Bay area must use only locally sourced materials. Buildings in California must be built to withstand a certain magnitude of earthquake. Storage tanks for gasoline must be a certain size to fit into the freight train cars.

Building in California must withstand earthwuakes

Why is transparency important in scientific works? All are correct It helps others learn from your mistakes It gives you credibility through your honesty It allows others to fully understand your experimental process It gives others a chance to provide feedback on your work

Call are correct

Looking at the graph below, which of the following statements is NOT true? Enzyme C is more active at lower pH values. At a pH of 5, Enzyme A and Enzyme B have the same activity percentage. Enzyme C has peak enzyme activity at a pH of 12. Enzyme B has more enzyme activity than Enzyme A at a pH of 6. https://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/1290080540_enzyme_image.png

C is more active at lower ph

Using the image provided, what conclusion can be made about the trend in the number of families over geologic time? It increased over geologic time. It remained constant throughout geologic time. The trend had significant changes during the Carboniferous period. It decreased, then remained constant.

Changed over time

energy is the potential of a chemical substance to undergo a transformation through a chemical reaction to transform other chemical substances

Chemical energy

t's Monday and you're late for school. You eat a granola bar and run for the bus. Which of the following energy transfers are directly occurring in this example? Thermal to Chemical Chemical to Kinetic Chemical to Nuclear Light to Chemical

Chemical to Kinetic

chapter 11 Which of the following actions would cause an individual to experience lower pressure as measured in Atmospheres? Climbing to the top of a mountain in the Andes or Himalayas The person begins a regimen of diet and exercise which reduces their pounds per square inch Reducing the amount of mercury per square inch in their diet Adding more particles of matter to the atmosphere around the individual

Climbing to the top of a mountain in the Andes or Himalayas

Which of the following is true about the collision theory? It explains why the dinosaurs went extinct It helps scientists make predictions about how fast chemical reactions occur in gases It helps scientists make predictions about how fast chemical reactions occur in solids All answers are correct

Collision theory is how scientists make predictions about how fast chemical reactions take place in gasses. Collision theory can only apply to gases.

is an entity consisting of two or more atoms, at least two from different elements, which associate via chemical bonds

Compound

is an object or type of material that allows the flow of an electrical current in one or more directions

Conductor

Which of the following laws does the equation below represent? E2-E1/ (change t)=0 Conservation of Energy Conservation of Momentum Newton's First Law Conservation of Electric Charge

Conservation of Energy

that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant-it is said to be conserved over time

Conservation of energy

Which of the following is NOT an example of a potential use of a computer model? Modeling fire for a Hollywood movie Simulating car crashes for safety tests Creating a flowchart of how an office works Predicting the course of climate change

Creating a Flow chart on how office works

Which of the following is NOT true about data? Data is always factual. Data may be approached from different angles. Data can be interpreted in many different ways. Data must connect to the conclusions. Data can help us better understand our natural world.

Data is always factua

Using a standard deck of cards (which has 26 red cards and 26 black cards, with 13 cards of every suit), what is the probability of selecting a red card, and then after replacing the card, selecting a heart card? 338/2652 312/2652 1/8 26/221

Deck normally contains 52 cards Total number of red cards = 26 Number of Hearts = 13 P(Red card) and P(Heart) Replacing = 26/52 x 13/52 = 1/8

question 5 of 5 As you move from top to bottom on the periodic table, what generally happens to the ionization energy? it remains constant it decreases it increases it cannot be determined

Decreases

Antacids work to decrease excess stomach acid by: Decreasing H^+ Increasing Ca^2+ Decreasing H2O Increasing H^+

Decreasing H^+

What is the first step of the engineering design process? Define the problem Research Specify requirements Brainstorm solutions

Define problem

What part of a living cell is usually most damaged by electromagnetic radiation? DNA Cell Membrane Proteins Mitochondria

Dna

What are the two key points of simple random sampling? Start points must be randomly selected; each sample is selected at a predetermined interval. No two individuals have the same chance of being sampled; each sample is dependent on the others. Each individual must be removed from the population after sampling; each sample is independent of the others. The population is split into groups, each group is randomly selected for sampling Each sample is independent of the others; each individual has the same chance of being sampled.

Each sample is independent of the others; each individual has the same chance of being sampled.

If a research study is so specific and strange that it does not have any real world application, we can say that the study has a low level of _____. ecological validity external validity internal validity reliability face validity

Ecological validity

In research, the ecological validity of a study means that the methods, materials and setting of the study must approximate the real-world that is being examined

Ecological validity

What charge do group IVA atoms have when they become ions? 0 -4 +4 Either +4 or -4, but they don't usually become ions.

Either

Which of the following is NOT a contact force? Friction Tension Applied Electric Spring

Electric. Contact forces are forces that end up touching each other in some way. Electricity, on the other hand, is a force that works without anything physically touching each other.

When you turn on the lights in your house, which of the following energy transfers occurs? Electrical energy to nuclear and light energy Electrical energy to sound energy Light energy to gravitational potential energy Electrical energy to light and thermal energy

Electrical energy to light and thermal energy

is the radiant energy released by certain electromagnetic processes

Electromagnetic radiation

the collective term for all known frequencies and their linked wavelengths of the known photons

Electromagnetic spectrum

When studying the photoelectric effect, scientists observed that _____were emitted from metal in response to a beam of light. photons neutrons electrons positrons protons

Electron

If only one type of atom makes up a substance, what can you call this substance? a proton an element a compound a neutron

Element

escribes a process or reaction in which the system absorbs energy from its surroundings; usually, but not always, in the form of heat

Endothermic

is a property of objects which can be transferred to other objects or converted into different form

Energy

Which of the following describes the wave propagation of a surface wave? Energy moves in circles, and matter moves towards the shore. Energy moves up and down, and matter moves forward. Energy moves forward, and matter moves up and down. Energy moves forward, but matter moves in a circle.

Energy moves forward, but matter moves in a circle.

is useful to think of a photon as a packet of energy waves volume mass power

Energy photon is a nearly massless particle carrying a small amount of energy. We use photons to quantify, or measure the amount of, the energy in light and other electromagnetic waves. Each photon can excite only one electron at a time.

process was a methodical series of steps that engineers use in creating functional products and processes

Engineering design

Which of the following statements best describes Le Chatelier's Principle? The forward rate of a reaction equals the reverse rate of a reaction. Equilibrium cannot be attained following a reaction. A system at rest tends to stay at rest. When a system is disturbed that was in equilibrium, the system will adjust itself to reduce the change.

Equilibrium is explained in chemistry by Le Chatelier's Principle, which states that any change in a substance on one side of the equation in concentration, temperature, or pressure results in an equilibrium shift to oppose the change until a new equilibrium is reached. Another way of saying this is that when a system that is in equilibrium is disturbed, the system adjusts itself to reduce the change.

What do the error bars on a graph tell you? A sense of the false numbers How unlikely your results are How wrong your results were A sense of the true number

Error bars give you a sense of the true picture; the true number is likely to be somewhere within those bars. This can help you figure out whether it's possible that a trend you see in your data is just a coincidence.

Ch 15 terms is a chemical reaction that releases energy by light or heat

Exothermic

Which of the following kinds of studies is most reliable? A case-control study A cohort study A double-blind randomized controlled trial A cross-sectional survey

Explanation A double-blind (or even triple-blind) randomized controlled trial is the gold standard of scientific research, especially in things like medicine

Why do scientists have differing opinions about what the same set of data means? They are influenced by their employer or funding source They have personal beliefs that differ They are biased by their education All are correct Simply interpret data differently

Explanation All answers are correct. This process is somewhat subjective. How you interpret your data depends on a number of factors. For example, your background and education, the types of analyses you performed, and even your motives for performing the experiment all play a role in determining the conclusions you draw from your data.

Which of the following is true about conclusions drawn from experimental data? Conclusions are opinions Conclusions are factual The process is only reserved for when scientists disagree Everyone will agree on the same conclusions None are correct

Explanation Conclusions are your opinions. Not everyone may agree.

Which element is more likely to exist in many different forms? Rubidium Phosphorous Fluorine Barium Manganese

Explanation Manganese is the only transition metal on the list and therefore the most likely to exist in different forms. Transition metals can lose different numbers of electrons, depending on the elements with which they're bonding.

estion 4 of 5 Which of the following is a reason that scientists use models? To incorporate information from multiple disciplines To increase the amount of data collected from a particular study To study systems that are too big or otherwise difficult to study in real life To increase reliability of scientific investigation

Explanation Models are especially useful in science when studying phenomenon that are too big to study in the lab, such as climate change or human diseases.

Newton's second law of motion can best be described as ... acceleration is inversely proportional to the net force acting on an object and the mass of the object acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object acceleration is inversely proportional to the net force acting on an object and directly proportional to the mass of the object acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and the mass of the object

Explanation Newton's second law of motion provides an explanation for the behavior of objects when forces are applied to the objects. The law states that external forces cause objects to accelerate, and the amount of acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

Which elements listed is likely to be the most reactive? magnesium calcium beryllium barium strontium

Explanation Of the five elements listed, barium is the lowest on the column, showing that it has the highest energy level.

Which of the elements below has the smallest ionization energy? francium (Fr) aluminum (Al) sodium (Na) bromine (Br

Explanation Of the four elements, francium is located the lowest and furthest left, making it the one with the smallest ionization energy.

question 3 of 5 What should you do to mitigate the effects of random error? Make sure your measuring instrument is working correctly and is properly calibrated Make sure you are not looking at the measuring instrument at an angle Repeat a measurement several times and find an average Perform a measurement only one time so that there won't be a chance to introduce more errors

Explanation Random error cannot be prevented, so the best thing to do to mitigate its effect on the measurement is to make the measurement several times and find an average.

What feature(s) of the compound microscope classify it as being compound? It has two lenses of magnification, the 10x ocular lenses and the 4x-100x objective lenses. It has two lenses of magnification, the 10x ocular lenses and the 4x objective lens. It has two lenses of magnification, the 4x-100x ocular lenses and the 10x objective lenses. It has two lenses of magnification, the 4x ocular lenses and the 10x objective lenses

Explanation The compound microscope has two lenses of magnification, the 10x ocular lenses and the objective lenses which range in magnification from 4x-10x (or 40-1000 times magnification).

If you roll a die three times, what is the probability of rolling only even numbers? 1/8 1/4 1/2 1/6

Explanation The numbers on a dice are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 Even numbers are: 2, 4 and 6 1st time P(even number) = 3/6, replaced 2nd time P(even number) = 3/6, replaced 3rd time P(even number) = 3/6 So that p(even number) 3 times = 3/6 x 3/6 x 3/6 = 1/8

Which of these elements has the largest atomic radius: argon, phosphorus, aluminum, sodium or magnesium? Argon (Ar) Sodium (Na) Magnesium (Mg) Aluminum (Al) Phosphorus (P)

Explanation These elements are all in the third row. Remember that as you move across the periodic table from left to right the atomic radius decreases. This means that of the elements listed sodium has the largest atomic radius.

Using a standard deck of 52 cards, what is the probability of selecting a 4 and then after not replacing the card, selecting another 4? 1/169 12/1652 3/51 1/221

Explanation Total number of cards in a deck = 52 Total number of cards with 4 = 4 So in the first selection p(4) = 4/52 If the card is NOT replaced, total cards remaining = 51 In the second selection p(4) = 3/51 So that the required probability = 4/52 x 3/51 = 12/2652 = 1/221

question 1 of 5 All of the following are true of the prototype in engineering design EXCEPT which one? It is an exact duplicate of the final product. It is used to determine any adjustments that need to be made. It is usually made of less expensive materials than the final product. It may go through the test and redesign process several times.

Explanation Typically, the prototype is not an exact duplicate of the final product. It is usually made of less expensive materials so that adjustments can be made to it throughout the test and redesign process.

question 5 of 5 The three types of scale we use to describe natural phenomena and engineered systems are _____. scale, proportion, quantity energy, size, distance size, time, energy size, quantity, speed

Explanation We describe things on three different scales: size, time, and energy. In other words, how large or small something is, how fast or slow it is, and how little or how much energy it has.

A group of researchers want to make sure that any results they find in a particular group of participants would also be true for other people, in other places, in studies with other researchers. If a study can do this, we can say that the study has a high level of _____. ecological validity internal validity reliability external validity face validity

External validity

A researcher performed a study in which she concluded that children who have parents who read to them at home have better reading skills at school. However, she only included children in the top reading level at school, and no children who have trouble reading. Because she only included one group, and not all groups of children, her study probably has a low level of _____. face validity reliability external validity ecological validity internal validity

External validity

Which of the elements below has the highest ionization energy? fluorine (F) calcium (Ca) barium (Ba) carbon (C)

F

Which of the following is the poorest conductor of electricity? Sodium (Na) Silicon (Si) Calcium (Ca) Fluorine (F) Cobalt

F

Which is the equation for the law of universal gravitation? F = G * m1*m2 * d^2 F = G * (m1*m2) / (1/2 d) F = G * (m1*m2) / d^2 F = (m1*m2 * d^2) / G F = G / (d^2 * m1*m2)

F = G * (m1*m2) / d^2

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate net force? F = a / m F = m / a F = m * a F = v * a / time F = distance / time

F = m * a (Newtons)= (kg)(m/s^2)

Which equation represents Archimedes' Principle? FB = ρf - (Vf) g FB = Vf g FB g = ρf Vf FB = ρf/Vf g FB= ρf Vf g

FB= ρf Vf g

Simplify the following expression so that it is written in terms of only Force (F) and velocity (v). m(v2-v1/chage t)(v2+v1/2) -FV FV^2 F/V FV

FV

Which element has the highest electronegativity? Barium Calcium Carbon Fluorine Beryllium

Fluoride

commercial, man-made system is using a channel at a wavelength of 2.92 m. What is the most likely application being used? FM radio Smart phone Radiology Satellite radio

Fm radio

what are the four forces

Gravity, Electromagnetism, Strong, Weak

Pure Water can be broken apart into which of the following ions? H2 and O2 H+ and OH- H+ and O- H and OH

H+ and OH-

are a group in the periodic table consisting of five chemically related elements: fluorine , chlorine , bromine , iodine , and astatine

Halogens

energy that spontaneously passes between a system and its surroundings in some way other than through work or the transfer of matter

Heat

Which of the following concepts help explain why water can travel up a narrow tube? I. Cohesion II. Adhesion III. Specific Gravity I II I and II III I, II and III

I and II

Which of the following statements accurately describe ice: I. Ice is denser than water. II. Hydrogen bonds hold ice molecules closer together than they do liquid water molecules. III. Ice has a crystalline structure. II I, II and III III I II and III

III

Which rule describes how you come to understand what a chart means and how to use it effectively? Identify the trends of the chart. Take five minutes to read through the questions. Answer the question on your own. Ask a fellow student.

Identify trends

variable

In elementary mathematics, a variable is an alphabetic character representing a number, called the value of the variable, which is either arbitrary or not fully specified or unknown

In a hydrogen bomb, the fusion process is triggered by a nuclear fission reaction. What is the difference between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission? In fusion one atom is split apart, and in fission two atoms are combined together. Fission can occur naturally, but fusion has only ever been produced artificially. In fusion two atoms are combined together, and in fission one atom is split apart. Fission and fusion are the exact same process. Fission is just a smaller scale version of fusion.

In fusion two atoms are combined together, and in fission one atom is split apart.

Valid

In logic, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false

valid

In logic, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false

mean

In mathematics, mean has several different definitions depending on the context

quantitative

In natural sciences and social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques

Which of the following is an example of a viable hypothesis? All are viable hypotheses Taking a woodworking class is beneficial for high school girls Eating chocolate will cause your face to break out Dogs are better than cats. Students who attend class do better on exams than students who do not attend class

In order for a hypothesis to be viable, it must be testable and limited to the experiment at hand. It must also identify measurable variables and be clear statements. 'Students who attend class do better on exams than students who do not attend class' is the only statement that fits all those criterion.

ecological validity

In research, the ecological validity of a study means that the methods, materials and setting of the study must approximate the real-world that is being examined

stratified sampling

In statistics, stratified sampling is a method of sampling from a population

Where is the energy level of each orbital found? At the beginning of the configuration In the letter In the exponent In the coefficient

In the coefficient

The law of reflection says the ______ angle is equal to the reflected angle. Refracted Incident Critical Reflected

Incident

As you move from left to right on the periodic table, what happens to the electronegativity? It remains constant. It decreases, then increases with the noble gases It decreases. It increases.

Increaees

As you move from top to bottom on the periodic table, what generally happens to the metallic character of elements? It remains constant. It increases, then decreases. It increases. It decreases, then increases. It decreases.

Increases

As you move from top to bottom on the periodic table, what happens to the atomic radius? It increases, then decreases. It decreases, then increases. It increases. It decreases. It remains constant.

Increases

question 3 of 5 As you move from left to right on the periodic table, what generally happens to the ionization energy? it decreases it remains constant it increases it cannot be determined

Increases

Which variable remains unaffected by the other variables of an experiment? Independent variable Dependent variable Y variable None of these answers are correct.

Independent

probability theory, two events are independent, statistically independent, or stochastically independent if the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of the other

Independent events

A research study where the cause-effect conclusions are accurate, and there are no other possible explanations for the results, has a high level of _____ validity. external face population internal ecological

Internal validity is defined as making sure that the cause-effect relationship identified in the study is really there, and there are no other explanations for the results.

Which element is found in the group described by the statement below? This group contains poisonous, very reactive elements often used in bacteria killing or household cleaners. Iodine (I) Hydrogen (H) Helium (He) Sodium (Na) Xenon (Xe)

Iodine

s the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes

Ionization

How are ions formed? Ions are formed when two atoms join together. Ions are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose electrons to become positively or negatively charged. Ions are formed when the outer energy shells of an atom are filled. Ions are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose protons to become positively or negatively charged.

Ions are formed when neutral Adams gain or lose electrons to become positively or negatively charged

The validity of a source refers to: how trustworthy it is how old it is how relevant it is to your work how long it is how factual it is

Is it relevant to your work

One that has the same solute concentration as it's surroundings

Isotonic solution

Which of the following statements is false? Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons Isotopes of the same element have different atomic masses Isotopes of the same element have the same number of neutrons

Isotopes of the same element have the same number of neutrons

Why does exposure to electromagnetic radiation often cause cancer? It damages the DNA of exposed cells, causing gene mutations that often lead to cancer. It kills all the cells that are exposed to the radiation, and the new cells that take their place are more likely to be cancer cells. No one really knows. This is still a medical mystery that doctors and scientists are investigating. It damages the cell membrane of exposed cells, causing them to reproduce too quickly as they try to repair the damage.

It damages the DNA

If the distance between two objects is 500 km and is increased to 1000 km, what happens to the gravitational force between them? More information is needed It decreases by half It doubles It decreases by a factor of 4 It increases by a factor of 4

It decreases by a factor of 4

ch 13 Velocity is a vector quantity meaning all answers must include Magnitude Direction Only magnitude and units Magnitude, direction, and units Units

Magnitude, direction, and units

Which of the following is accurate of acceleration due to gravity on Earth? It is abbreviated with the letter R. It has a magnitude of 9.8 m/sec2. Acceleration tends to increase with a greater mass. Acceleration tends to decrease with force. It has a magnitude of 9.8 cm/sec2.

It has a magnitude of 9.8 m/sec2.

What does it mean that force is a vector quantity? It has both direction and magnitude It has only direction It can only be estimated It has only magnitude It can be measured directly

It has both direction and magnitude

Why do we say that force is a vector quantity? It has magnitude and direction It has direction only It has magnitude only Because forces can be unbalanced Because forces can be balanced

It has magnitude and direction

According to Bernoulli's principle, when a fluid's pressure decreases, what happens to the speed of the fluid? It stays the same None are correct It decreases It increases It becomes variable

It increases

car driving down a flat road has most of its energy in kinetic energy. When the car stops, where does the kinetic energy go? It is converted to heat and sound as dissipated energy. It is converted to light energy. It is converted to gravitational potential energy. It is destroyed and evaporates into the air.

It is converted to heat and sound as dissipated energy.

When streamlines are spread apart, what does this tell us about the fluid? It is moving slowly and has a low pressure It is moving fast and has a low pressure It is impossible to tell without more information It is moving slowly and has a high pressure It is moving fast and has a high pressure

It is moving slowly and has a high pressure

Which of the following is the main benefit of a visual model? It allows you to make predictions more quickly then the human brain is able to. None of the other answers are correct. It's a perfectly accurate depiction of the real world. It makes things easier to understand, and so can be used for communication and education.

It makes things easier to understand and so can be used for communication and education

What is one benefit of scientists disagreeing about the meaning of experimental data? It leads to an increase in funding for the original scientist It wastes the time and resources of researchers It eventually forces everyone to agree It highlights scientific topics that are important but going unnoticed It may lead to more and better science that increases our knowledge about the topic

It may lead to more and better science that increases our knowledge about the topic

f the weight of an object that is submerged in a fluid is 10 N and the buoyant force on it is 20 N, what will happen to the object? It will remain in equilibrium It will sink initially, then float It will sink It will float More information is needed

It will float

Which of the following best describes the abstract of a scientific paper? It's an introductory section. It's a list of resources. It's a summary section. It's an explanation of detailed methodologies. None of the answers are correct.

It's a summary section

Which element will predictably carry a positive 1 charge when it becomes an ion? Potassium Gallium Iron Bromine Calcium

K

of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion

Kinetic

As particles in a wave reach the crest and trough, energy is being converted from _____ when in motion, to _____ when at rest. kinetic, potential potential, kinetic parallel, perpendicular standard, movement

Kinetic , potential

energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion

Kinetic energy

question 4 of 5 Which of the following can be found in the second period of the periodic table? Potassium (K) Lithium (Li) Helium (He) Magnesium (Mg) Uranium (

Li

Which type of chart plots the relationship between dependent and independent variables? Bar Chart Line Graph Pie Chart Flow Chart

Line grape

Resonance of sound waves results in a loud sound transmission of light waves a dark color a light color absorption of light waves

Loud sound Resonance causes the amplitude of that frequency to increase so much that people hear a loud, single-frequency sound. Resonance of light waves results in

This type of scientist might have safety concerns about severe weather over the ocean. Microbiologist Zoologist Marine biologist Entomologist Botanist

MARINE BIOLOGIST

A Magnesium atom is most likely to have what charge as an ion? -3 +2 -2 +3

Magnesium is found in group IIA, so it loses 2 electrons to become charged +2.

Which two factors affect the quantity of kinetic energy an object has? Height and weight Mass and weight Height and speed Mass and speed

Mass and speed

Consider two planets. Planet X has a mass of 100 Units while Planet Y has a mass of 1,000 Units. Which of the following is NOT true concerning these planets? The gravity on Planet Y is 10 times as great as that on Planet X. An object would weigh more on Planet Y compared with Planet X. The weight of an object on Planet X is less than that on Planet Y. The acceleration of gravity on Planet X is less than that on Planet Y. An object would have more mass on Planet Y compared with Planet X.

Mass is a measure of how much matter an object contains, while weight is a measure of the force of gravity on the object. An object has the same composition, and therefore mass, regardless of its location. n object would have more mass on Planet Y compared with Planet X.

hich of the following can be used to generate predictive data? Theoretical models Visual models Mathematical models Compromised models

Mathematical models

In mathematics, mean has several different definitions depending on the context

Mean

question 3 of 5 If all other statistical procedures fail, the best predictor of a score will be the _____. mode mean sample size median

Mean

material that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity

Metal

What will be the result if heat is added to an endothermic reaction? More product will be made as the equilibrium shifts to the right. More product will be made as the equilibrium shifts to the left. The equilibrium will shift to the left toward the reactants. The reaction will remain unchanged.

More product will be made as the equilibrium shifts to the right.

Kinetic energy is commonly known as the energy of which one of the following? Motion Speed Mass Size

Motion

a continuous series of nuclear fission reactions

NUCLEAR CHAIN RACTION

subatomic particle, symbol n or n0, with no net electric charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton

Neutron

Scientists questioned the wave theory of light when they saw that increasing the light intensity would only increase the _____ of emitted electrons. volume mass number energy power

Number

What does the atomic number represent? total number of electrons and protons combined total number of electrons, protons, and neutrons number of protons number of neutrons total number of protons and neutrons

Number protons

obsevations

Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source

What is carbon? Report an Error One of the elements, one type of atom. It contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons in its nucleus, with 6 electrons orbiting around the outside. One of the elements, one type of atom. It contains 12 protons and 12 neutrons in its nucleus, with 12 electrons orbiting around the outside. One of the elements, one type of molecule. It contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons in its nucleus, with 6 electrons orbiting around the outside. One of the elements, one type of atom. It contains 8 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus, with 8 electrons orbiting around the outside. A compound containing lots of elements important to life

One of the elements, one type of atom. It contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons in its nucleus, with 6 electrons orbiting around the outside.

Which object most likely has the greatest gravitational potential energy? A spec of sand on the beach A bicycle on the road A book on a shelf A desk in an office

Only the book on the shelf can fall off the shelf.

Which rule describes the very first thing you should do when encountering a problem involving a graph or chart? Identify the trends of the chart. Take five minutes to read through the questions. Orient yourself to the x and y axes. Skip the problem and move on.

Orientation of x and y axis

Why are metals good conductors of electricity? Their neutrons are held very tightly. Their protons are held very tightly. Their protons are held very loosely. Their outer electrons are held very loosely. Their outer electrons are held very tightly.

Outer electrons are held very loosely

estion 4 of 5 Which of the following best describes the octet rule? The outermost energy shell of an atom likes to be empty. The outermost energy shell of an atom likes to be full with eight electrons. Atoms like to have their electrons in energy shells. The outermost energy shell of an atom likes to lose electrons once it becomes full with 8 electrons.

Outermark outermost likes to have a full shell

In statistics, an xxxx is an observation point that is distant from other observations

Outlier

The following data represents the test scores of eight students in Mr. Miller's science class. 92%, 91%, 89%, 95%, 45%, 88%, 90%, 91% The student who got a 45% is _____. a representative sample an outlier the median the mode

Outlier

Freezing liquid water is an example of a chemical change only a chemical reaction both physical and chemical changes a physical change only

PHYSICAL CHANGE ONLY

hich of the following is an example of a pattern Plants that grow in windy conditions tend to always be shorter. Roots are for absorbing water. Stomata open to allow for gas exchange. Plant leaves have three layers of tissue.

Patterns are repeating motifs. There is a recurring observation that plants growing in windy conditions tend to be shorter, and this is an example of a pattern.

The particles involved in waves move _____ to the movement of the wave. perpendicular vertical horizontal parallel

Perpendicular

ansition is most commonly used to describe transitions between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, and, in rare cases, plasma

Phase change

Which of the following is NOT a type of scientific model? Visual model Computer model Mathematical model Photograph model

Photograph model

elementary particle, the quantum of all forms of electromagnetic radiation including light

Photon

Which type of chart compares data with relative percentages? Line Graph Pie Chart Flow Chart Bar Chart

Pie

a circular statistical graphic, which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion

Pie chart

What is the most common state of matter in the universe? Plasma Gas Liquid Solid

Plasma is the most common form of matter in the universe, both by mass and volume.

Question 3 A Magnesium atom is most likely to have what charge as an ion? -3 +2 -2 +3

Plus 2

What is the main factor in an object's ability to store potential energy? Density Weight Height Position

Position

We refer to stored energy as which one of the following? Chemical energy Atomic energy Gravitational energy Potential energy

Potential

If someone is measuring pressure, they might use any of the following units EXCEPT _____. Torr Atmospheres Millimeters of mercury Pounds

Pounds is not a unit for pressure. However, Psi (pounds per square inch) is a unit for the measurement of pressure.

An experiment was completed to measure the height of a table that is really 1.2 m tall. Are the following numbers accurate, precise, both, or neither? 1.7, 1.6, 1.7, 1.7, 1.6 Accurate but not precise Both accurate and precise Precise but not accurate Neither accurate nor precise

Precise but not accurate

description of random errors, a measure of statistical variability

Precision

What is described as the force exerted over a given area? Strength Area Space Pressure Fluidity

Pressure

Which of the following increases with the depth of the liquid? Pressure Mass Density Gravity Speed

Pressure

Which best describes pressure? The force from the weight of air The force due to depth The force due to density The force exerted over a given area The force due to gravity

Pressure is the force exerted over a given area.

Which of the following is a benefit of print sources? They may be published on a regular basis They go through more rigorous screening They are around for long periods of time All are correct They can be accessed at local and university libraries

Print sources have numerous benefits and all of the above answers are correct.

Why is it important to evaluate the works of other scientists? To get your name on a scientific paper To make sure that no one scientist gets all the credit None of the answers are correct. To produce the best possible science To point out all of the things they did wrong

Produce the best possible science

question 3 of 5 Concentration is defined as the amount of dissolved substance to amount of solvent. This relationship describes a _____. engineered scale quantity natural scale proportion

Proportion

estion 1 of 5 Proportion is defined as a/n _____ of _____. calculation, a scale amount, two units ratio, two scales ratio, two quantities

Proportions are ratios of two quantities. The quantities in a proportion may have the same units, or they may have different units.

is a subatomic particle, symbol p or p+, with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and mass slightly less than that of a neutron

Proto

Which of the following has a positive charge and a mass of one amu? neutron proton electron element

Proton

An element is defined by the number of: Protons Chemical bonds Ions Electrons Neutrons

Protons

Particles that are found in the atomic nucleus are: Neutrons and electrons Protons, neutrons and electrons Protons and neutrons Protons and electrons

Protons and neutrons

question 2 of 5 Which of the following terms describes data that is descriptive, rather than numerical? Qualitative data Evidence Empirical data Quantitative data

Qualitative

In natural sciences and social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques

Quantitative

What is ionization? adding protons to an atom removing protons from an atom adding neutrons to an atom removing electrons from an atom

Removing electrons from an atom

change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated

Reflection

Refraction is the change in direction of propagation of a wave due to a change in its transmission medium

Refracted wave

The measure or assessment of consistency of scores across time or different contexts is called _____. face validity external validity internal validity ecological validity reliability

Reliability

reliable across samples

Reliability in statistics and psychometrics is the overall consistency of a measure

sing what you know about the electromagnetic force, what happens when a neutron comes near another neutron? They repel each other. Nothing They attract each other. The charges on the neutrons change from negative to positive.

Remember that a nucleus consists of a collection of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons. Because the neutrons are uncharged, or neutral, nothing will happen when they come near each other. Keep in mind that the electromagnetic force is the force that exists between all objects with CHARGE

What is a scientific model? A community databank to target genes involved in human disease A collaborative effort between different scientific disciplines A representation of a scientific phenomenon A visual representation of data

Representation of scientific phenomena

is a phenomenon in which a vibrating system or external force drives another system to oscillate with greater amplitude at a specific preferential frequency

Resonance

When the vibrations of one object match the resonant frequency of a second object, the first object increases the _____ of the vibrations of the second object. frequency period wavelength speed amplitude

Resonance occurs when the amplitude of an object's oscillations are increased by the matching vibrations of another object.

As an engineer, you have been commissioned to build a new apartment building in Miami, Florida. This area is notorious for yearly hurricanes that plague the state. Which of the following design constraints should be considered first in your project? Resource availability Environmental impact Cost Safety

Safety

In statistics and quantitative research methodology, a data sample is a set of data collected and/or selected from a statistical population by a defined procedure

Sample

When solving a problem that has a data table, which rule allows you to get oriented to the information in the problem? Answer the question on your own. Pace yourself. Scan the table first. Verify the concepts. Save harder questions for the end.

Scan table first

Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe

Science

How is science related to data? Science is based upon the collecting of data. Science involves studying the natural world through observation and experiment and by collecting data. None of the answers are correct; there's no relationship between science and data. Scientists check mathematical formulas using data.

Science involves studying the natural world through observation and experiment and by collecting data.

science

Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe

What is science? None of the other answers are correct. The study of the natural world by any means. The study of the natural world through observation and experiment. A body of knowledge about how the world works.

Science is the study of the natural world through observation and experiment. It's a process more than a body of knowledge.

Does science lead to technology, or technology lead to science ?

Science leads to technology, AND technology leads to science. The two are interconnected. Any technology is, by definition, an application of science. But we can then use those applications to learn more, like with the telescope, microscope, or with a medical scanner like an MRI.

Why are scientific claims generally more reliable than other claims? Scientific claims are not more reliable than other claims. Scientists know more than non-scientists. Scientific claims are proven to be 100% true. Scientific claims are based on data and use the scientific method.

Scientific claims are based on data and use the scientific method

law

Scientific law is the description of an observed phenomenon. (It doesn't explain why the phenomenon exists or what causes it.)

a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge

Scientific method

Which of the following is NOT true of a scientific theory? It is created by the scientific method. It has been rigorously tested. It explains why a phenomenon occurs. It is based on a guess.

Scientific theories are not guesses. They are based on knowledge that has been gathered, tested, and repeatedly proven correct.

In scholarship, a secondary source is a document or recording that relates or discusses information originally presented elsewhere

Secondary source

question 2 of 6 Which of the following is NOT an example of refraction in real life? Seeing an image of yourself on the surface of the ocean. The lenses in eye-glasses. The bending of ocean waves moving from deep water into shallow water. The bending of earthquake P-waves when they reach the outer core. A spoon looking like it's in two pieces when placed in water.

Seeing image of you on ovean

Convert 1.5 square miles (miles^2) to square meters (m^2). Conversion factor: 1609.34 meter = 1 mile 0.00093 square meters 2414 square meters 3,884,963 square meters 0.00000058 square meters

Since we are dealing with squared units, we first need to get the square of the conversion factor: (1609.34 m)^2 = (1 mile)^2 2589975.236 m^2 = 1 mile^2 Then, we do this: 1.5 miles^2 x (2589975.236 m^2 /1 mile^2) =3,884,963 m^2

During an exam, what should you do if you're having trouble visualizing the line graph that matches your data table? Look it up online. Sketch out the graph on scratch paper. Ask a fellow student for help. Give up on the question. Pick a random choice for your answer.

Sketch graph

of an object is the magnitude of its velocity ; it is thus a scalar quantity

Sleed

A scientist wants to create a new nuclear power plant, one that will supply great amounts of energy through nuclear fusion. How will the energy be created? Protons and neutrons will interact within their own nucleus in such a way that releases great amounts of energy. A large nucleus will split into smaller nuclei, releasing great amounts of energy. Protons and electrons will interact within their own nucleus in such a way that releases great amounts of energy. Smaller nuclei will be put together to form a larger nucleus, releasing great amounts of energy.

Smaller nuclei will be put together to form a larger nucleus, releasing great amounts of energy.

Which is true about experimentation? It always answers questions It is the final stage in the scientific process It stems directly from scientific observations It may lead to more questions It comes first in the scientific process

Sometimes, scientists will answer one question, but based on what they observe during the process of answering that first question, they come up with even more questions.

Which of the following explains why sound waves can propagate through solids? Sound is an electromagnetic wave, so it is transmitted through a medium like a solid, liquid or gas Sound is a mechanical wave, so it only travels through space in a transverse pattern Sound is a mechanical wave, so it is transmitted through a medium like a solid, liquid or gas Sound is an electromagnetic wave, so it is able to travel through a vacuum like solids

Sound is a mechanical wave, so it is transmitted through a medium like a solid, liquid or gas

Question 26 Which of the following explains why sound waves can propagate through solids? Sound is a mechanical wave, so it only travels through space in a transverse pattern Sound is an electromagnetic wave, so it is able to travel through a vacuum like solids Sound is a mechanical wave, so it is transmitted through a medium like a solid, liquid or gas Sound is an electromagnetic wave, so it is transmitted through a medium like a solid, liquid or gas

Sound is a mechanical wave, so it is transmitted through a medium like a solid, liquid or gasSound is a mechanical wave. Mechanical waves use the direct contact of particles to transfer energy. Since solids are composed of tightly packed particles, sound easily travels through a solid.

Which of the following explains why sound cannot be heard in space? Space can only support longitudinal waves Space is a vacuum with no medium Space only allows for propagation of mechanical waves Space only contains air particles

Space only allows for propagation of mechanical waves

Which of the following must be done before the development of a solution in the engineering process? Specify requirements Redesign the product Build a prototype Test the product

Specify requirement

Specular reflection can be observed in frosty glass. mirrors. dirty water. a rough surface.

Specular reflection is nearly perfect reflection as observed in mirrors, which are flat, smooth surfaces.

When a wave hits a surface, one of several things can happen. Which of the following explains how a mirror works? Absorption Diffuse reflection Refraction Specular reflection

Speculation reflection

Electromagnetic waves have the same _____. wavelength frequency speed amount of energy

Speed

Which wave parameter can be found by multiplying the wavelength by the frequency? amplitude frequency wavelength period speed

Speed

Which item can most likely have elastic potential energy? A pencil A spoon A hammer A spring

Spring

is a measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values

Standard deviation

What is the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium? Static is for objects at rest, while dynamic is for objects moving at a constant velocity There is no difference Static is for the force of gravity, dynamic is for the force of weight Static is for moving objects, dynamic is for objects at rest Static is mechanical equilibrium while dynamic is not

Static is for objects at rest, while dynamic is for objects moving at a constant velocity

What is a common name for all types of potential energy? Electric energy Gravitational energy Stored energy Moving energy

Stored energy

What is the main difference between stratified sampling and cluster sampling? Stratified has a randomly selected start point, while cluster has a predetermined start point Stratified samples every 100th individual, while cluster samples every 10th There really is no difference between the two sampling techniques Stratified samples individuals from groups called strata, while cluster samples entire groups Stratified samples individuals randomly from the entire population, while cluster samples individuals from groups called strata

Stratified sampling uses categories called 'strata'. Each category, or stratum, is considered to be a sub-population from which individuals are sampled.This differs from cluster sampling which uses entire groups.

In general, strong acids are _____ weak acids in lowering the pH of a solution. Strong acids raise, not lower, the pH of a solution. more potent than less potent than equal in potency to

Strong acids completely dissociate and release all of their hydrogen atoms, while weak acids partially release the hydrogen atoms that are attached. Therefore, strong acids are generally more potent in lowering the pH of a solution than weak acids.

question 3 of 5 What did the reflection of earthquake waves allow scientists to determine? The strength of earthquakes The structure of the inside of the Earth When the next earthquake would occur The type of earthquake

Structure inside earth

Which of these is NOT a common symptom of radiation sickness? Hair loss Sunburn Reduced blood cell counts Nausea and vomiting

Sunburn

You are measuring the length of a table using a meter stick. After measuring the table, you notice that the end of the meter stick is broken off just below the 3 cm mark. What kind of error is this likely to introduce in your measurement? random error precision error systemic error parallax error

Systemic

All of the following must be considered when choosing the best solution EXCEPT which one? Safety Cost Aesthetics Test results

Test result

Which of the following is an example of a secondary source? The Declaration of Independence All are correct An article written by one scientist that has not yet been published in a journal Witness testimony A text book

Text book

Which of the following would be considered a reliable source? Your little sister A personal blogger Wikipedia None are reliable sources Your college textboo

Text book

According to Newton's first law of motion, what would happen to a car traveling at a constant velocity of 55 MPH to the west in the absence of an unbalanced force? The car would slowly increase its velocity approaching but not reaching the speed of light The car would increase its velocity without changing acceleration The car would continue moving west with a velocity of 55 MPH The car would slow down and come to a stop The car would slow down but never reach 0 velocity

The car would continue moving west with a velocity of 55 MPH

How is energy manifested as sound in this example? The banging noise Working up a sweat The light from the light bulbs The inability to find the sound in the dark

The banging noise

What is Archimedes' Principle? The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced The buoyant force is equal to the gravitational force of the fluid The buoyant force is equal to the mass of the fluid displaced The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the object The buoyant force is equal on all sides of a submerged object

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced

What does the direction of an arrow in a vector diagram represent? The direction of the vector quantity. None of the other answers are correct. The magnitude of the quantity. (How large the number is.) It has no specific meaning. The direction of the rate of change of a vector.

The direction of the vector quantity.

Why do power plants use coal to generate electricity? The coal contains thermal energy, which is used to make dissipated energy. The coal is made of light energy that can be transferred to our houses through electrical wiring. The coal contains nuclear energy, which can be converted to magnetic energy needed to power our homes. The coal contains chemical energy that is eventually converted to

The coal contains chemical energy that is eventually converted to electrical energy.

Why are the transition metals able to show different properties like varying color and paramagnetism? The presence of magnetic properties Predictability in the number of valence electrons Predictability in the ability to bond Their location on the periodic table The d orbitals are unfilled

The d orbitals are unfilled, or partially filled (so they are not completely filled with electrons), which gives rise to some interesting properties.

What decides which WAY a light wave bends as it enters a material? The brightness of the light. The densities of the two materials. The color of the light. The angle to the surface with which you point the light waves.

The densities of the two materials.

A light wave moves from material A into material B. When it does this, it bends AWAY FROM the normal. How does the density of the two materials compare? The density of materials A and B is the same. The density of material A is greater. There is no way to know. The density of material B is greater.

The density of material A is greater. Think about the lawnmower example: The denser the material, the slower the lawnmower can move. If the lawnmower can move faster in material B, that would mean the edge that first hits material B would speed up. This will cause that edge to swing around, causing it to bend away from the normal. Or you could just remember that less dense to more dense bends towards, and more dense to less dense bends away.

In the hydrostatic equation, what does d represent? The mass of the liquid The pressure of the liquid The depth of the liquid The density of the liquid The color of the liquid

The depth of the liquid

Which two elements would have the most similar atomic radii? Sodium and beryllium Lithium and beryllium Boron and silicon Aluminum and carbon Beryllium and magnesium

The diagonal relationship between elements accounts for the similarities in atomic radii. 'Diagonal' refers to being top left and bottom right of one another on the periodic table.boron and silicon

Which of the following is FALSE about the electromagnetic force? It is the strongest of the four fundamental forces. It means that atoms never really touch. Electrons in one object repel electrons in another object. It extends to all contact forces, such as kicking a ball.

The electromagnetic force is NOT the strongest of the four fundamental forces. The strong force is aptly named as it is the strongest of all the forces at this small scale. It overpowers the electromagnetic force trying to pull the nucleus apart and keeps it together.

What will an engineer research as part of the engineering design process? What resources are available What are existing solutions Who has created solutions to similar problems Why the problem exists

The engineer will research existing solutions to create something similar or learn from the mistakes of others.

Which of the following is caused directly by the strong force? The tides on the earth Beta decay Electricity flowing through a wire The existence of atomic nuclei

The existence of atomic nuclei The strong force is the force that holds together the nucleus of the atom. It is also the force that brings the smallest known particles, quarks, together to form neutrons and protons in the first place. Without the strong force the atomic elements wouldn't be able to form.

consider a bullet shot from a gun. The acceleration of the bullet is _____. equal to the acceleration of the gun less than the acceleration of the gun equal but opposite to the acceleration of the gun greater than the acceleration of the gun

The expanding particles pushing against the bullet are more dense than those pushing against the gun. Therefore, the bullet is moving faster because there is more acceleration pushing it.

Fission of uranium-235 nuclei can produce _____ and other product isotopes. nitrogen, argon hydrogen, oxygen water molecules, hydrogen krypton, barium

The fission of uranium-235 produces barium-141 and krypton-92 among others.

How is energy manifested as electrical energy in this example? Walking around the house The light switches causing the lights to come on Your eyes seeing light The sweat you work up

The light switches causing the lights to come on

Which of the following best explains how a rocket moves in space? The force of the exploding fuel acts on a distant body; e.g., Earth or our moon Gravitational fields interact, resulting in movement The force of the exploding fuel acts on the rocket Space contains molecules upon which force can act

The force of the exploding fuel acts on the rocket

Consider a fish swimming forward in the ocean. Which of the following describes the basic action/reaction forces between the fish and the water? The force of the fish's swimming and the force of the water are equal but in opposite directions. The forces point in the same direction because forces in liquid media behave differently than forces in air. The force of the fish points upward while the force of the water pulls downward. \

The force of the fish's swimming and the force of the water are equal but in opposite directions.

Why do you feel 'weightless' on the moon? There is no gravity on the moon The gravitational force of the Earth is significantly less than that of the moon The gravitational force of the moon is significantly less than that of the earth There is no gravity in outer space Earth's gravity no longer pulls on you

The gravitational force of the moon is significantly less than that of the earth

If two objects colliding exert equal forces on each other in opposite directions over the same amount of time, what must be true about the two object's impulses? The two impulses are in the same direction. The impulses are equal, and in opposite directions. Impulse must be equal to zero for both objects. One of the colliding objects impulse will last twice as long as the other

The impulses are equal, and in opposite directions.

The law of universal gravitation states that two objects pull on each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them two objects pull on each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them two objects push on each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them two objects pull on each other with a force that is inversely proportional to the product of their masses and proportional to the square of the distance between them two objects push on each other with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distanc

The law of universal gravitation states that two objects attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

How is energy manifested as light in this example? The inability for our eyes to see in the dark The sixth sense that something is wrong Walking around The light from the light bulbs

The light from the light bulbs

What does the length of an arrow in a vector diagram represent? It has no specific meaning. The strength of a field. The direction of the vector quantity. How certain you are of the value. The magnitude of the quantity. (How large the number is.)

The magnitude of the quantity. (How large the number is.)

Which of the following statements best defines the law of conservation of mass? Mass cannot be conserved during a chemical reaction; a little bit of mass is always lost. The mass of a closed system cannot change over time; mass cannot be created nor destroyed. When added to a system, energy can destroy mass. Mass cannot be created but it can be destroyed under extreme pressures.

The mass of a closed system cannot change over time; mass cannot be created nor destroyed.

During a chemical reaction, which of the following occurs? The number of atoms is changed The size of the atoms is changed The types of atoms are changed The molecules of a substance are broken apart and rearranged into new substances Products are turned into reactants

The molecules of a substance are broken apart and rearranged into new substances

How many neutrons does the following isotope have? Ar(40/18) 58 18 40 22

The number of neutrons is: Atomic mass - Atomic number = number of neutrons The atomic mass is 40 and the atomic number is 18. 40 - 18 = 22

In the dimensional analysis performed below, which of the following statements is correct? 1 mile = 1.60934 km All the units cancel except for minutes. The answer is 2 miles per minute. All the units cancel except for hours.

The only correct statement is 1 mile = 1.60934 km. The rest are false because upon calculation, the answer will be 0.5 miles per minute and the units that are not cancelled are miles and minute

hy does covering the garden hose create a greater spray of water? The opening is narrower, increasing the pressure of the water The opening is wider, increasing the pressure of the water The opening is narrower, increasing the speed of the water The opening is narrower, decreasing the speed of the water The opening is wider, decreasing the pressure of the water

The opening is narrower, increasing the speed of the water

question 2 of 5 Which of the following is an example of light behaving like a particle? photoelectric effect refraction diffraction Doppler effect interference

The photoelectric effect describes the way electrons are excited and emitted from matter when they absorb the energy from light. In 1887, Heinrich Hertz observed that a charged object would create a bigger, faster spark if it was treated with ultraviolet light because the light was actually exciting the electro

According to the Venturi effect, what happens when blood passes through a constriction? The pressure increases, but velocity decreases. The pressure and velocity both decrease. The pressure decreases, but velocity increases. The pressure and velocity both increase.

The pressure decreases, but velocity increases. The Venturi effect, which was first mathematically evaluated by 18th-century Italian physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi, states that when fluid is constricted, it decreases in pressure but increases in velocity

If gas is added to a container which has a fixed volume, what happens to the pressure in that container? The pressure increases as a result of a greater number of particles There is no change in pressure as gas cannot affect pressure The addition of gas produces a proportional reduction in pressure The reaction depends on the atmospheric pressure, outside the container

The pressure increases as a result of a greater number of particles

What is a scientific investigation? Any data that a scientist ever collects None of the answers are correct. The process scientists use to collect the data and evidence that they plan to analyze in order to explain a phenomenon A scientist trying to understand and explain how something in the world works

The process scientists use to collect the data and evidence that they plan to analyze in order to explain a phenomenon

Consider a satellite orbiting the earth at 17,500 MPH. What would happen to a rock released from the satellite? Gravity will pull the rock from orbit, causing it to either burn up in the atmosphere or strike the Earth's Surface As the rock is smaller than the satellite, it will accelerate and orbit at a greater velocity The rock would orbit the earth at a velocity of 17,500 MPH next to the satellite As the rock cannot generate its own force, it will slow down As the rock is smaller than the satellite, its inertia will pull it further away from earth

The rock would orbit the earth at a velocity of 17,500 MPH next to the satellite

scientific method

The scientific method is a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge

question 4 of 6 A light wave moves from material A into material B. When it does this, it bends TOWARDS the normal. How does the speed of light in the two materials compare? Materials A and B have the same speed of light. The speed of light is faster in material B. Light cannot penetrate either material. The speed of light is faster in material A.

The speed of light is faster in material A. Think about the lawnmower example: If the lawnmower can move faster in material A, that would mean the edge that first hits material B slows down. This will cause the other edge to swing around, causing it to bend towards the normal. Or you could just remember that faster to slower bends towards, and slower to faster bends away.

What will happen if a chemical reaction system is stressed by an increase in the concentration of reactants? The system will shift to the left, toward the reactants. The system will shift to the right, toward the reactants. The system will shift to the right, toward the products.

The system will shift to the right, toward the products.

Which best describes the buoyant force? The upward force of a fluid The volume of the fluid displaced The total weight of the fluid The weight of the object The downward force of a fluid

The upward force of a fluid

What is net force? The difference between the vertical and horizontal forces The total amount of force on an object The vector sum of only the vertical forces The vector sum of only the horizontal forces The vector sum of all forces acting on an object

The vector sum of all forces acting on an object

What is meant by the equation ΣF = 0? The sum of the forces is zero The sum of the unbalanced forces is zero There is zero force The sum of the balanced forces is zero The vector sum of the forces is zero

The vector sum of the forces is zero

When two ships pass each other, where is the area of greatest pressure? In the water on the outer sides of the two ships In the water directly in front of the two ships In the water directly behind the two ships The pressure is the same all around the two ships In the water between the two ships

The water between the two ships is traveling faster than the water on the outer sides, creating an area of low pressure between them.The pressure in the water on the outer sides of the ships is greater than the faster moving water between them, which pushes them toward each other as they pass.

magine you are carrying a pan filled with water around a track. Which of the following is the best explanation of what happens to the water as you take a left turn holding the water in front of you? The water will remain in the pan as your body will absorb any unbalanced force The water will tend to move to the left along with the pan. However, the force you apply to the pan causes the water to splash out to the right. The water will tend to remain traveling forward. However, as the pan moves to the left, the water will appear to splash out to the left. The water will tend to remain traveling forward. However, as the pan moves to the left, the water will appear to splash out to the right. The water will tend to move to the left along with the pan. However, the force you apply to the pan causes the water to splash out to the left.

The water will tend to remain traveling forward. However, as the pan moves to the left, the water will appear to splash out to the right.

theory

Theory is a contemplative and rational type of abstract or generalizing thinking, or the results of such thinking

Which of the following is NOT an example of a logically consistent conclusion? In a survey, a large majority of people in this neighborhood said that they did not like the color red as much as the color blue and said that car color was important to them. Therefore, the larger number of blue cars in the same neighborhood is most likely due to personal preference. There are more blue cars than red cars in this neighborhood, therefore the people who live here buy more blue cars than red cars. There are more blue cars than red cars in this neighborhood, therefore blue cars must be cheaper to buy. Testicular cancer occurs more frequently in young men, therefore screening for testicular cancer will be less cost-effective in older men.

There are more blue cars than red cars in this neighborhood, therefore blue cars must be cheaper to buy.

What does it mean to assess potential safety risks in your experiment? You identify all of the things that can go wrong You train your staff how to use a fire extinguisher You inform your staff where the first aid kit is located All are correct You clean your workspace

There are plenty of ways to identify and avoid potential safety risks for your scientific experiments. The first thing to do is think of all the possible things that can go wrong.

How can a moving object be in equilibrium? There is no change in the object's state of motion None are correct A moving object cannot be in equilibrium A force keeps it moving at constant velocity A force gets it moving

There is no change in the object's state of motion

ow can a moving object be in equilibrium? The force of air resistance is negligible There is an unbalanced force acting on it It is not possible; only stationary objects are in equilibrium There is no net force on the object There is a negative net force on the object

There is no net force on the object

Which of these elements has the smallest atomic radius? Arsenic (As) Bismuth (Bi) Nitrogen (N) Antimony (Sb) Phosphorus (P)

These elements are all in the same column, and we know that the further down the column we look, the more rings of electrons it will have, thus increasing their radius.N

How are scientific explanations evaluated? They are checked to see if they fit the current evidence. Any predictions they make are tested with more experiments. None of the other answers are correct. They are checked to see if they fit the current evidence, and any predictions they make are tested with more experiments.

They are checked to see if they fit the current evidence, and any predictions they make are tested with more experiments.

Which of the following is TRUE about control variables? They are manipulated so that they affect the dependent variable. They are not the same for the subjects in the experiment. They are controlled so that they don't affect the independent variable. They are controlled so that they don't affect the dependent variable. None of the answers are correct

They are controlled so that they don't affect the dependent variable.

Why are most surfaces not like mirrors? They are not as thin. They contain tiny imperfections, far more than a mirrored surface. They are just made of a different material. They haven't been polished enough.

They contain tiny imperfections, far more than a mirrored surface.

Which of the following is NOT true about liquids? The pressure pushes on all parts of the liquid The density of the liquid times gravity times the depth equals the pressure at that depth Pressure increases with depth They fill their entire container

They fill their entire container

You need to sample elk in a large wilderness area. These elk occur in herds of many individuals, but the wilderness is vast, and they are found throughout it. You decide to sample random groups across the wilderness instead of sampling random individuals from each group. What type of sampling technique are you employing? Stratified Cluster Systematic Simple random Controlled random

This is an example of cluster sampling which is used to divide populations, such as the elk above, into clusters, which are then randomly sampled. Instead of sampling individuals, the clusters themselves are randomly selected to represent the population as a whole.

Why is the top of an airplane's wing curved? To create an area of high pressure above the wing To create an area of low pressure below the wing To create equal pressure above and below the wing To make the wing look really cool To create an area of low pressure above the wing

To create an area of low pressure above the wing There is less pressure in the fluid (the air) above the wing than below it. Since the pressure below the wing is greater, it creates an upward lift toward the area of lower pressure, pushing upward on the bottom of the wing.

What does it mean to draw logical conclusions from experimental data? To explain the results in layman's terms None are correct To give the data a purpose in life To evaluate information and make judgements about it To evaluate scientists and make judgements about them

To evaluate information and make judgements to make about it

What does it mean to draw logical conclusions from experimental data? To give the data a purpose in life None are correct To evaluate scientists and make judgements about them To explain the results in layman's terms To evaluate information and make judgements about it

To evaluate the information and make judgments about it

Which of the following is the best definition for Torr? A measure used to determine the pressure inside of the element mercury The combined weight of the entire atmosphere measured at 50 feet below sea level Change in the height of mercury inside the glass tube of a barometer resultant from atmospheric pressure The quantity of pounds of atmospheric pressure acting on any given square inch of area

Torr is the more commonly used term for Milimeters of Mercury, and is named for Evangelista Torricelli, the first person to have used a barometer in documenting the pressure of the atmosphere. Torr measures the change in height of mercury in a barometer, and is still used although mercury is not due to its toxicity

a moving wave that consists of oscillations occurring perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

Transver wave

used in the first nuclear fission reaction discovered

U-235

What causes a change in an object's state of motion? Inertia Balanced forces No net force Gross force Unbalanced forces

Unbalanced forces

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is responsible for a sunburn? Ultraviolet Light X-rays Radio waves Visible Light

Uv

When solving a problem that includes a table, which rule helps you identify the biological ideas that you'll need to reference in order to solve the problem? Pace yourself. Verify the concepts. Save harder questions for the end. Scan the table first. Answer the question on your own.

Verify concept

Which of the following is a criterion for a good hypothesis?

Viable hypotheses must be clear statements that identify measurable variables. They must also be testable and limited to the experiment at hand.all of the abobe

Which of these effects is NOT caused by exposure to electromagnetic radiation? Sunburn Skin cancer Viral infections Gene mutations that lead to birth defects

Vir al infection

How is energy manifested as mechanical motion in this example? The light from the light bulbs The banging noise Walking around Working up a sweat, increasing your body temperature

Walking around

Which of the following models was used to visualize the structure of an object? Climate change model Watson and Crick model The biological model of evolution Newton's second law

Watson and crick

The portion between two successive wave crests or troughs is called the wavelength frequency amplitude vibration speed

Wavelength

Question 18 Which wave parameter measures the spatial distance of one wave cycle? amplitude frequency wavelength period speed

Wavelengths

question 2 of 5 Which of the following is true about waves? They transfer both energy and mass They transfer neither energy nor mass They transfer mass, not energy They transfer energy, not mass

Waves transfer energy but not mass. Energy is transferred through the vibration of particles, not their movement from one place to another.

Light travels much faster than sound. The speed of light and the speed of sound are two different values that fall on the continuum of _____. time energy space speed

We can view the speed of light and the speed of sound as two points on the continuum of time since one occurs much faster than the other.

In evaluating whether the scientific evidence provided supports the conclusions, what is the first thing to take into consideration? How many scientists worked on the experiment The quality of the data How many conclusions are presented How long ago the experiment was performed What exactly the conclusions are

What exactly the conclusions are

What is an anion? An atom that has gained a valence electron and is positively charged. An atom that has lost a valence electron and is negatively charged. An atom that has gained a valence electron and is negatively charged. An atom that has lost a valence electron and is positively charged.

What is an anion? An atom that has gained a valence electron and is negatively charged.

Which of the following is NOT a worthwhile question to ask when evaluating a scientific claim? Who is the scientist? Were the results statistically significant? How was the research done? Was the scientist just trying to keep his or her research funding?

What's the scientist just trying to keep his or her research funding

100% of the light frequencies resonate with the electrons of an object, then the object will exhibit 0% absorption 0% amplification 100% absorption 100% reflection 100% transmission

When light waves resonate with an object, they cause the electrons to vibrate with high amplitudes. The light energy is absorbed by the object, and we don't see that light coming back to us at all. The object appears black. 100 reflection

question 5 of 6 Why does a spoon in water look like it's in two pieces? Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it bounces, making it appear in a different location. Because it is -- refraction breaks the spoon. Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it leaves the water, making it appear in a different location. Because the light bouncing off the spoon bends as it enters the water, making it appear in a different location.

When the light bounces off the spoon and heads towards your eyes, it passes from water into air. As it leaves the water it bends, making it appear to your eyes that the underwater part of the spoon is in a different location. The light does change direction when it bounces off the spoon, and it does bend as it enters the water, but the only light that is important is the light going from the spoon to your eyes -- that is the light that your eyes see.

Why is a teeter-totter a good illustration of an equilibrium adjustment between two gas volumes? A teeter-totter is not a good illustration of an equilibrium adjustment between two gas volumes. When two volumes of gas are in equilibrium, if one volume increases with increased pressure, the other volume must decrease with decreased pressure. When two volumes of gas are in equilibrium, if one volume increases with decreased pressure, the other volume must decrease with increased pressure. When two volumes of gas are in equilibrium, if one volume increases with increased pressure, the other volume must decrease with increased pressure.

When two volumes of gas are in equilibrium, if one volume increases with decreased pressure, the other volume must decrease with increased pressure.

Which of the following is NOT one of the major factors in selecting a source? The country in which it was published All are important factors Its validity Its accuracy Its reliability

When you cite and refer to the work of other scientists, it's important to make sure you're using sources that are accurate, reliable, and valid. The country in which it was published is NOT a major factor when selecting a source.

When playing a trumpet, the vibrations made by the lips on the mouthpiece have to match the resonant frequency of the material of the trumpet's tube the reed of the trumpet the bell of the trumpet the air surrounding the trumpet the air column inside the trumpet

When you set your fingers to play one note, you created a column of air that measures a certain length and width. This air column has its own resonant frequency, and it matches one of the frequencies that are coming from your lips. The energy from your vibrations is absorbed by the air column. It is amplified by the air column, and it makes a loud sound. If you change your fingering, the column resets, and now you have a different resonant frequency to match.

Where does the Venturi effect naturally occur within the body? Within the central nervous system It doesn't; the Venturi effect can only be artificially induced. Where blood moves from larger to narrower blood vessels When someone gets a cut and pressure is released from the body

Where blood moves from larger to narrower blood vessels

What is another way to say 'the force due to gravity'? Friction Applied force Weight Normal force Air resistance

Without gravity, we would be weightless. So with gravity, there is weight.

Which of the following is an example of a primary source? A direct quote of an eyewitness account in a police report A textbook A newspaper editorial An article published in a scientific journal Witness testimon

Witness testimony

How is energy manifested as heat in this example? The banging noise Flipping on the light switches The light from the light bulbs Working up a sweat, increasing our body temperature

Working up a sweat, increasing our body temperature

Why is it important to consider your audience when deciding what language to use in scientific presentations? To help them understand what a good scientist you are So you can get them to buy your book All are correct You want to make sure they will side with you and your results You may need to say things in more or less technical terms depending on who you are presenting to

You may need to say things in more or less technical terms depending on who you are presenting to

You run an experiment to test which brand of food your dog prefers. You offer her three different brands of food at each meal, presenting them all at the same time (so that she does not just prefer the one that comes first!). Three weeks of data collection indicate that she ate Brand C more often than Brand A or Brand B. What can you conclude from these results? Brand C is the cheapest food Your dog preferred Brand C but you do not know why Brand C is the healthiest food Brand B was her second favorite food Brand B and Brand A taste bad

Your dog preferred brand c but you do not know why

ansmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction

lens

a hypothesis is ___ something that cannot be tested a predictive statement an educated guess a proposed explanation for a scientific observation a scientific question

a proposed explanation for a scientific observation

What are the characteristics of a gas? A state of matter that conducts electricity well. A state of matter that has free electrons. A state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape. A state of matter that has both a fixed volume and shape. A state of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape.

a state of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape

Which of the following is a possible experimental design consideration? All of the answers are correct. Frequency of the experimental tests People involved in the experiment Length of the experiment Timing of the experimental tests

all

Which of the following acids is properly classified as weak or strong? Citric acid is a strong acid. Hydrocloric acid is a weak acid. Sulfuric acid is a weak acid. Acetic acid is a weak acid.

acetic acid is weak

he pH scale measures the _____ of a solution. mass concentration level of acidity depth

acidity

nucleoside triphosphate, a small molecule used in cells as a coenzyme

adenosine triphosphate

The type of fusion occurring in stars is dependent on two variables. The first is mass, since that determines the magnitude of the temperature and pressure at the star's interior. What is the second? Rotation speed Solar cycle Age Number of planets orbiting it

age

Basic safety rules are: All are correct rules that should be followed every time you run an experiment things like not putting substances in your mouth usually common sense rules that everyone should follow no matter their skill level

all

In order for a chemical reaction to take place, what must occur? Activation energy must be reached All answers are correct Particles must collide Particles must be oriented correctly

all

Successful analysis of your data will be influenced by which factor(s)? Using an appropriate storage software All are correct Using an appropriate analysis software Your methods of data collection Running appropriate statistical tests

all

What is something that you need to consider when planning your experiment? How long the experiment will run Who will collect the data When the experiment will run What type of equipment will be used All are correct

all

Which of the following can impact the reaction rate? The pressure The number of particles All answers are correct The temperature

all

Which of the following is a characteristic of acids? They change blue litmus paper red. They taste sour in aqueous solutions. All answers are correct. They can form salts through reactions with some metals and bases.

all

Which of the following is a chemical reaction? Photosynthesis All are correct Digestion Burning wood Rotting food

all

Which of the following is a criterion for a well-written hypothesis? Identifies variables Predictive Testable Can be done in one experiment All of the answers are correct.

all

Which of the following is a physical property of matter? color all of these volume density

all

Which of the following is an observation? Feeling cold air when you open the refrigerator Hearing your dog bark at the doorbell Smelling wood burning in a fire Seeing the leaves change color in the fall All are correct

all

Why might you re-run an experiment? Your experimental results weren't clear Your experiment did not answer your original question You observed new and interesting things during your experiment Your experiment generated new questions All are correct

all

Which of the following is a factor to consider when thinking about experimental safety? The people who will be involved in the experiment All are correct The space in which the experiment will take place If the equipment poses any potential safety risks Setting up safety plans for when an accident occurs

all are correct

Which best describes a population? All of the individuals being studied All of the individuals sampled from various strata None are correct A sub-set of a larger group of individuals All of the clusters that are sampled

all individuals being studied

Consider an object at rest. Which of the following is true concerning this object? The object has zero velocity all of the options are true The object has no acceleration The forces acting on the object are balanced

all options are correct

Which of the following objects can produce a gravitational force on another object? A car A moon A sheet of paper All of the answers are correct.

allAll answers are correct. Remember that every object, no matter the size, has a gravitational force associated with it. When it is a very feeble force, like with a sheet of paper or a car, we may not notice it like we do with massive objects such as moons and planets.

Which of the following can be shielded by a piece of paper? Neutron Gamma ray Alpha particle Beta particle

alpha

Which wave parameter measures the height of the crest of a wave? wavelength frequency amplitude speed period

amplititue

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning electromagnetic (EM) radiation? EM radiation can occur naturally or can be man-made. Photon energy in an EM wave depends both on frequency and amplitude of the wave. In an EM wave, the electrical and magnetic waves vibrate at right angles to each other. Frequency and wavelength of EM radiation are related by the speed of light.

an Photon energy in an EM wave depends both on frequency and amplitude of the wave

Newton's third law states that for every action there is _____. an equal force pointing in the same direction an unbalanced force an unequal and unbalanced force an equal and opposite reaction a reaction that is twice the magnitude

an equal and opposite reaction

Which of the following explanations is contrary to Newton's first law of motion? an object in motion tends to slowly decelerate unless acted upon by an external force An object at rest remains at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force If an unbalanced force is applied to an object in motion, it will change its velocity If an unbalanced force is applied to an object at rest, it will move

an object in motion tends to slowly decelerate unless acted upon by an external force

Which of the following is NOT part of the experimental design process? Testing the effect of an independent variable Controlling for other influential factors Asking a scientific question Analyzing the data Setting parameters

asking a questions

e is a layer of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body

atmosphter

When a mass undergoes a chemical reaction, this chemical equation shows all the mass is conserved.

balanced chemical equation

What is responsible for keeping an object at rest or maintaining an object's constant velocity? external forces balanced forces gravity friction unbalanced forces

balanced forces

cientific instrument used in meteorology to measure atmospheric pressure

barometer

A researcher wants to figure out if uncomfortable seats in a classroom will increase the research participant's attention to the lesson and decrease their fidgeting. Why are attention level and fidgeting the dependent variable? Because it is the variable that the researcher is manipulating. Because it is the variable the researcher is primarily interested in. Because it is the variable that the researcher changes to see how the other variables will respond. It isn't; the dependent variable is the uncomfortableness of the seats.

becuase it is the variable the researcher is primarily interested in.

In nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta ray, and a respective neutrino are emitted from an atomic nucleus

beta decay

The theory of wave-particle duality states that all matter has properties of neither a particle nor a wave. just a wave and not a particle. just a particle and not a wave. both a particle and a wave. either a particle or a wave

both a particle and a wave.

Which of the following would be considered a neutral solution? Apple Cider Vinegar (pH=4.2) milk (pH=6.5) Orange Juice (pH=3.4) Human blood (pH=7.4)

human blood

Water's ability to move against gravity in a narrow space, such as a tube, is called: Cohesion. Capillary action. Hydrogen bonding. Osmosis.

capillary action

is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another

chemical raction

When two or more reactants combine to form one or more products, what has occurred? activation energy reaction rates chemical reaction rate constant

chemical reaction

is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, blue, yellow, etc

color

When would you use ANOVA? To compare the means within the same group To see if you collected your data properly To compare the experimental results to the expected results None are correct To compare the means of different groups

compare means of different groups

A group of researchers are studying how plants grow in very harsh climates. During one of their experiments, they accidentally left the window open for 2 hours, causing that group to have the best results. In this scenario, what variable is sunlight? The confounding variable The independent variable The control variable The dependent variable

confounding variable

The electromagnetic spectrum is: A completely visible spectrum. A man-made spectrum. A natural spectrum. A continuous range of frequencies (or wavelengths) from 3 Hz to 30 billion-billion Hz.

continuous range of frequencies (or wavelengths) from 3 Hz to 30 billion-billion Hz.

Which of the following is TRUE about control variables? They are controlled so that they don't affect the independent variable. They are not the same for the subjects in the experiment. None of the answers are correct They are controlled so that they don't affect the dependent variable. They are manipulated so that they affect the dependent variable.

controlled variables are controlled becuase they could affect the dependent variable and may influence the expirement results

ch 12 that is the shortest distance from the initial to the final position of a point P

displacement vector

a description of the ordered arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in a crystalline material

crystalline structure

a colorless, highly pungent solution of hydrogen chloride in water

hydrochloric acid

As you move from left to right on the periodic table, what generally happens to the boiling point of elements? It decreases, then increases. It increases, then decreases. It increases. It remains constant. It decreases.

decreases

.Which of the following is NOT a biological process that involves carbon? Report an Error Photosynthesis. Breathing. Reproduction using DNA. Respiration. Delineation.

delineation

A dependent variable: None of these answers are correct Is like the 'cause' in a potential cause and effect relationship Is independent of anything else Supposedly depends on the independent variable Is being manipulated directly by the researcher

depend on the independent

When a gas changes directly to a solid.

deposition

25.All of the following are made of elemental carbon arranged in different shapes EXCEPT _____. Report an Error metal diamonds charcoal coal graphite

diamond

What decides which WAY a light wave bends as it enters a material? The brightness of the light. The densities of the two materials. The color of the light. The angle to the surface with which you point the light waves.

e densities of the two materials.

24.Why is life on Earth said to be 'carbon-based'? Report an Error Because the first life on Earth contained carbon, and we came later. All of the other answers are correct. Because the building blocks of all plants and animals contain carbon. Because the ground we walk on contains carbon. Because our houses are built from carbon.

ecause the building blocks of all plants and animals contain carbon.

radiant energy released by certain electromagnetic processes

electromagenetic radiaiton

is the collective term for all known frequencies and their linked wavelengths of the known photons

electromagentic spectrum

What is the ability to do work? Energy Velocity Force Matter

energy

A wave transfers _____ from one location to another. neither energy nor matter both energy and matter Waves do not transfer anything across locations. energy, but not matter matter, but not energy

energy, but not matter

fuel used in nuclear power plants enriched to contain 3% uranium-235

enriched uranium

Which wave parameter measures the number of cycles that are completed in one second? amplitude speed period frequency wavelength

frequency

he number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time

frequency

Question 3 Which of the following describes the wave propagation of a surface wave? Energy moves in circles, and matter moves towards the shore. Energy moves forward, and matter moves up and down. Energy moves up and down, and matter moves forward. Energy moves forward, but matter moves in a circle.

ergy moves forward, but matter moves in a circle.

A scientist is running a test of her hypothesis. Which step of the scientific method is she executing? Observation Conclusion Analysis Experiment

experiment

How is a hypothesis related to an experiment? An experiment is designed to test a hypothesis An experiment is designed to prove a hypothesis A hypothesis is written to support an experimental design A hypothesis is written based on the results of the experiment An experiment is designed to disprove a hypothesis

experiment designed to test hypothesis

How is a hypothesis related to an experiment? An experiment is designed to disprove a hypothesis A hypothesis is written to support an experimental design An experiment is designed to prove a hypothesis A hypothesis is written based on the results of the experiment An experiment is designed to test a hypothesis

experiment is designed to test a hypothesis

This is a type of research that provides strong evidence for cause and effect relationships: Experimental research Quazi-research Correlational research All of these answers are correct Negative research

experimetnal research

Length is a(n) ______ physical property. chemical extensive intensive irrelevant

extensive

hysical properties of materials and systems can often be categorized as being either intensive or extensive quantities, according to how the property changes when the size of the system changes

extensive

Nuclear power plants utilize _____ to generate power. mining fission burning fusion

fission

What is the term for a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus is split into smaller nuclei? Fission Fusion Positron Emission

fission

Which of the following has no mass and does not change the composition of the nucleus? Beta particle Neutron Gamma ray Alpha particle

gamma A gamma ray is released when protons and neutrons have high amounts of energy. When they release this energy in the form of a gamma ray, the composition of the nucleus remains the same.

measure of how resistant solid matter is to various kinds of permanent shape change when a compressive force is applied

hardness

Which wave parameter measures the spatial distance of one wave cycle? amplitude frequency wavelength period speed

he distance per cycle of a wave is called the wavelength. It's easiest to find the wavelength by measuring the spatial distance between two wave crests.

Why is solid water (ice) less dense than liquid water? Hydrogen bonds are not able to be formed because of the cold temperature. Liquid water does not form hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are formed and are held (or frozen) farther apart than in liquid water. It is actually more dense.

he hydrogen bonds between water molecules are formed and are held (or frozen) farther apart than in liquid water.

Which acid is used primarily in the stomach for digestion? Hydrochloric acid Acetic acid Citric acid Sulfuric acid

hydrochloric acid its strong

1. Which of the following is a reason that resource availability might become a design constraint? The project owner wants to use all locally sourced material to lessen the environmental impact. The project owner wants to use the best materials regardless of cost. The project owner wants to have a cosmopolitan design. The project owner has unlimited funding

he project owner wants to use all locally sourced material to lessen the environmental impact.

Which of these health risks can be caused by the Venturi effect? An ulcer The flu A blood infection A heart attack

heart attack

. Where does the Venturi effect specifically occur? Where a stream is expanded In the exact center of a flowing stream Where a stream flows downwards with gravity Where a stream constricts

here a stream constricts

It is harder to break apart a nucleus with _____ energy than a nucleus with _____ energy. lots of, no high binding, low binding no, lots of low binding, high binding

hihg,low

hypothesis

hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon

secondary source

in scholarship, a secondary source is a document or recording that relates or discusses information originally presented elsewhere

hat is a good hypothesis based on? A good set of measurable variables A good set of observations A good scientific question Good writing skills A good scientific experiment

ince hypotheses follow scientific questions, a good question will help you formulate a good hypothesis. After coming up with a good scientific question, formulate a hypothesis that aims to answer that question.

A roller coaster at the top of the hill has most of its energy in the form of gravitational potential energy. As the car rolls down the hill, which energy type is the gravitational potential energy transferred to? Electrical energy Light energy Thermal energy Kinetic energy

inetic energy

The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from a solid to a liquid at a given pressure. The melting point of a substance is the same no matter how much of the substance is present. This makes melting point a(n) ______ physical property. undescribable reflexive intensive extensive

intensive

ecause frequency and wavelength are _____, this means that as one gets larger the other gets _____. inversely proportional, larger proportional, larger proportional, smaller inversely proportional, smaller

inversely proportional, smaller

process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes

ionization

How is an incident angle with a plane mirror measured? It is half of the reflected ray angle. It is measured between the light ray, and the surface of the mirror. It is measured between the incident light ray, and the reflected light ray. It is measured between the light ray, and the normal to the mirror.

is measured between the light ray, and the normal to the mirror.

What is verifiable evidence? A body of facts and information showing whether a proposition is true or untrue, where those facts and information can be confirmed by repeating the experiment. A body of facts and information showing whether a proposition is true or untrue, where the exact same numbers can be found by repeating the experiment Any evidence that is factually correct, and leads to the right conclusions about the natural world None of the answers are correct.

is verifiable evidence? A body of facts and information showing whether a proposition is true or untrue, where those facts and information can be confirmed by repeating the experiment.

which of the following happens after a scientific theory has bee accepted

it continues to be tested and adapted if neccessary

Which of the following best describes control variables? They are kept the same over multiple trials. They provide the researcher with control over the independent variable. They increase the variability of the experiment. They increase the participants' control over the experimen

kept the same during multiple trials

Which of the following is a unit for force? kg * m / sec^2 g * m / sec m / sec^2 kg * m/ sec

kg * m / sec^2

n object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion``

kinetic motion

Nuclear fission is the process in which _____ with the release of energy. a large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei two atoms at a close distance interact with each other two distant atoms react with each other two smaller nuclei merge to form one large nucleus

large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclie

Which of the following is viewed as scientific fact without any exceptions. Observation Analysis Law Theory Hypothesis

law

This law states the mass of a system cannot change over time within a closed system.

law of conservation of matter

Which phase of matter has a definite volume but does not have a fixed shape? Solid Gas Liquid All of these answers are correct.

liquis

Which of the following examples employs Pascal's principle? A hydraulic jack An excavator digging a hole Squeezing a toothpaste tube Modern car brakes All of the answers are correct

ll of the answers are correct

The pH scale is: Flexible Undefined Exponential Logarithmic

logarithmic

for chap 13 lesson 4

look at graph questions printed

for chater 13 lesson 3

look at printed graph questions

question 1 of 5 What makes up an electromagnetic wave? A magnetic wave front and an electric field wave front oscillating perpendicular to each other. A magnetic wave front that oscillates at the frequency of light. A gravity wave front, and an electric field wave front oscillating perpendicular to each other. An electric wave front that oscillates alone.

magnetic wave front and an electric field wave front oscillating perpendicular to each other.

What is the first thing you would do if you were attempting to develop a scientific theory? Try to change a scientific law Make observations and research a phenomenon Test a hypothesis Make a guess about why something happens

make observations and research a phenomenon

An independent variable is: Is not used in experimental studies None of these answers are correct The one not being manipulated by the researcher Is equivalent to the dependent variable The one that is being manipulated by the researcher

manipulated by reseacher

density is a physical property that is calculated by dividing ______ by volume. none of these mass length weight

mass

What is the term for anything that has mass and takes up space? Energy Work Matter Force

matter

A student drops a penny in a container of water. The ripples spread out from the center, where the penny was dropped and propagate to the edges of the container. What type of wave did the student create? Mechanical Longitudinal Electromagnetic Medium

mechanical.echanical waves must travel through a medium. Since these waves move through a medium, this is an example of mechanical waves. The water bobs up and down in the container, making the wave shape transverse, not longitudinal.

, is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid

melting

e force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed

pressure

Nuclear binding energy can be defined as the amount of energy needed to break one _____ of nuclei into individual nucleons. ton kilogram mole pound

mole

CaF2 is a(n) complex carbohydrate element only molecule only compound only molecule and compound

molecule and a compound

all of these are moving at the same speed, which one of the following should have the most kinetic energy? A moving golf ball It's impossible to tell. A moving bowling ball A falling feather

moving bowling ball, more mass

average

n colloquial language, an average is the sum of a list of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the list

sample

n statistics and quantitative research methodology, a data sample is a set of data collected and/or selected from a statistical population by a defined procedure

simple randon sampling

n statistics, a simple random sample is a subset of individuals chosen from a larger set

the process involving a large nucleus splitting into two smaller nuclei and releasing energy

nuclear fission

plants that use nuclear fission to generate power

nuclear power plants

particles that makeup the atomic nucleus

nucleons

the amount of energy needed to break one mole of nuclei into individual nucleons

nulcear binding energy

Which of the following is an element? H2 O O3 NaCl O2 O

o

If you watch a person from far away to see how they react to the world around them, you are conducting: Spying Participant research Observational research All of these answers are correct Laboratory research

observational

This type of research can be broken down into naturalistic and participant: Cohort None of these answers are correct Research paper Experimental Observational

observational

Scientific questioning comes after which step in the scientific process? Observations Communication with the scientific community Experimentation Hypothesis formation Data analysis

observations

A controlled experiment tests how many variables at one time? Three Two Four One None

one

This is a federal agency that ensures working conditions are safe. HHS NSTA CIA FDA OSHA

osha

numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution

pH

Which wave parameter measures the time it takes to complete one cycle? wavelength speed frequency amplitude period

period

Which of the following can be found in the second period of the periodic table? Magnesium (Mg) Helium (He) Uranium (U) Lithium (Li) Potassium (K)

period on the periodic table is a horizontal row. We can see that Lithium (Li) is located on the second horizontal row, or period

`Because a full wave cycle always takes the same amount of time, we say that waves have a _____ nature. unpredictable rotating periodic complete infrequent

periodict

is most commonly used to describe transitions between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, and, in rare cases, plasma

phase change

t or photoemission is the production of electrons or other free carriers when light is shone onto a material

photoelectric effect

elementary particle, the quantum of all forms of electromagnetic radiation including light

photon

ny property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system

physical property

Which phase of matter is lightning? Plasma Liquid Solid Gas

plasma

antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron

positron

In a chemical reaction, _____ are the newly formed substances. molecules reactants products ingredients atoms

products

A hypothesis is _____ a scientific question a predictive statement something that cannot be tested an educated guess a proposed explanation for a scientific observation

proposed explanation for a scientific observation

s a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or added to see if a reaction occurs

reactants

speed of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how quickly or slowly a reaction takes place

reaction rates

When plasma changes to a gas the process is _____. condensation vaporization ionization recombination

recombination

is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated

reflection

change in direction of propagation of a wave due to a change in its transmission medium

refracted wave

Which of the below do NOT describe a convex lens? It is thicker in the middle than at the ends. It refracts light in towards a central focal point. It can be used as a corrective measure for farsightedness. It refracts light out, in a wide arc.

refracts light out, in a wide ar convex lens is thicker in the middle than at the ends, so it bends light passing through it into a central focal point.

Reliability in statistics and psychometrics is the overall consistency of a measure

reliable across samples

n order for a scientist's work to be accepted, other scientists must be able to _____ the experiment. refute disprove observe analyze repeat

repeate

a phenomenon in which a vibrating system or external force drives another system to oscillate with greater amplitude at a specific preferential frequency

resonance

ontrol the fission process inside the reactor by absorbing neutrons released during the reaction; made of cadmium or boron

rods

The majority of nuclear fusion occurring in our Sun has two hydrogen atoms fusing together to form a helium-4 atom. What is this process known as? proton-proton fusion neutron-neutron fusion neutron-electron fusion proton-neutron fusion

roton-proton fusion

If you are measuring daily plant growth, which might be an appropriate tool to use to collect those measurements? A measuring tape A meter stick A quadrat A ruler with millimeters A ruler with inches

ruler milimeter

Which of the following is a goal of the National Science Teachers Association? Helping employees remain safe on the job Making sure scientists act ethically Helping children find careers in science Protecting wildlife Helping school age children safely study science

safety study science

compared to the force of gravity the Earth exerts on you, the force of gravity that you exert on the Earth is _____. much larger much smaller the exact same zero, because humans are too small to exert a force on the Earth

same

.Which of the following is NOT true about science? Scientists never compete with one another. Scientists often rely on their experience. Science journals usually require peer review. Scientists often use creativity.

scientist never compete with one another

which best defines observations? Sensory analysis Repeatedly running experiments Sensory questioning Sensory experiences Collecting data about the senses of others

seonsory experiences

a simple lens or singlet lens is a lens consisting of a single simple element

simple lens

Chemical bases commonly found in the home include: Water Vinegar Soap Lemon juice

soap

Which state of matter generally has the highest density? Plasma Liquid Solid Gas

solid

one of the four fundamental states of matter

solid

Which of the following is true about potential safety hazards in experiments? They can be dealt with as they come up They will be specific for every experiment you run They are usually pretty minimal as long as your staff is well-trained They are only serious if you are working in a lab They will be the same for every experiment you run

specific for every experiment you run

veryday use and in kinematics, the ____ of an object is the magnitude of its velocity ; it is thus a scalar quantity

speed

Which wave parameter can be found by multiplying the wavelength by the frequency? frequency speed wavelength amplitude period

speed.Wavelength is meters per cycle. Frequency is cycles per second. So, multiplying the two gives us meters per second.

If I release 10 spiders into a room and measure how long it takes people to get out of the room, what is the independent variable? The people The spiders The room The amount of time it takes the people to leave the room

spiders

Which of the following would be a safety concern for a microbiologist? Wild animal behavior Safety in a jungle environment Microbiologists do not have safety concerns Boating safety Spreading a bacterial infection

spreding bacterial infection

characterized by a velocity vector field in three-dimensional space, within the framework of continuum mechanics

streamlines

Which phase change has occurred when a solid goes directly to a gas? Sublimation Condensation Deposition Vaporization

sublimation

Which of the following is NOT a scientific explanation? Sugar is bad for you because it makes you hyper. Things fall to the ground because of force of gravity causes all objects in the universe to attract each other. Water forms droplets because it has a high surface tension due to the attraction between the molecules. The sky is blue because blue light is scattered by the air molecules.

sugar is that because it makes you hyper

ch 14 is a mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media, usually as a gravity wave between two fluids with different densities`

surface wave

For nuclear fusion to occur, very high temperatures and pressures are needed. The high pressure gets the atomic nuclei close enough to one another to fuse. What does high temperature do to allow the fusion process? It overcomes the force of gravity. It overcomes the weak nuclear force. It overcomes the Coulomb force. It overcomes the strong nuclear force.

t overcomes the Coulomb force.

control variables

the The control variable in scientific experimentation is the experimental element which is constant and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation

Which of the following has a mass of 1 and an atomic number of 1? Neutron Proton Alpha particle Beta particle

the atomic number IS the number of protons, so a proton has an atomic number of 1.

The gravitational force between two objects depends on the mass of the objects and half the distance between them the mass of the objects and the distance between their centers none are correct the weight of the objects and the distance between their centers the circumference of the objects and the distance between them

the mass of the objects and the distance between their centers

Choose the BEST answer that finishes this statement about the collision theory: the speed of chemical reactions is related to: the number of successful collisions the liquid reactants the bonds broken the products involved

the number of successful collisions

The principle of floatation states that _____. the object displaces a weight of fluid greater than its own weight the object displaces a density of fluid equal to its own the object displaces a weight of fluid less than its own weight the object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight the object displaces just enough water that it overcomes the buoyant force

the object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight

Which of the following summarizes an accepted hypothesis tested by many scientists? Analysis Law Theory Observation Conclusion

theory

Which of the following statements is NOT true about molecules? All are correct They can be made of different elements They include compounds They are all compounds They are made of more than one atom

they are all compounds

The word 'science' comes from Latin meaning __ to question to hypothesize to understand to know to answer

to know

is a moving wave that consists of oscillations occurring perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

transverse wayve

Which two objects have potential energy between them? Two neutral objects Two objects at rest None of these answers are correct Two negatively charged objects

two atoms both have negative charges, there is a potential energy between them simply because they both have the same charge.

the most abundant isotope (99%) of uranium

u 238

makes up 0.7% of the natural uranium; is able to undergo induced fission

u-235

What is needed to change an object's state of motion? A balanced force Friction An unbalanced force Weight A vector

unbalanaced force

These chemical equations appear when the chemical reaction on a mass does not obey the law of conservation of mass. Learning Outcomes

unblanaced chemical equation/skeletal equation

Which of the following is used to provide nuclear energy for nuclear power plants? Lead Iron Helium Uranium

uranium

The amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by a material is known as what? Hardness Grams per milliliter Density Volume

v

When water boils _____ has occurred. freezing melting vaporization ionization

vaporization

is the use of polygons to represent images in computer graphics

vector

is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a fluid flows through a constricted section of a pipe

venturi effect

Waves originate from: amplitudes vibrations wavelengths frequencies wave cycles

vivrations

We use Newton's second law to help show that conservation of energy holds true. Which of the following is NOT a way we can express Newton's second law? a=f/m w=f(change x) f=ma The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it, and indirectly proportional to its mass.

w=f(change x)

Which of the following properties helps explain why a city near the Pacific Ocean experiences less dramatic changes in temperature during the day compared to a city farther inland? Water has a high specific heat. Water forms covalent bonds Water has high surface tension. Water has a low specific heat.

water has high specific heat Explanation Because water has a high specific heat, it takes quite a bit of energy to change the temperature of the ocean meaning it's harder to change the temperature for places near the coast and easier for places located more inland.

In physics, a wave is an oscillation accompanied by a transfer of energy that travels through a medium

wave cyle

lity is the concept that every elementary particle or quantic entity may be partly described in terms not only of particles, but also of waves

wave particle duality

question 6 of 6 What is a refracted wave? A wave that goes straight through a material. A wave that bounces off the surface of a material. A wave that bends as it enters a material. A wave that is absorbed by the material.

wave that bends as it enters a material.

he portion between two successive wave crests or troughs is called the frequency amplitude vibration wavelength speed

wavelength

Which of the four fundamental forces of nature has the shortest range? Weak force Gravitational force Electromagnetic force Strong force

weak

reactants are none are correct chemicals that cannot react with any other chemicals what go in to a chemical reaction what come out of a chemical reaction molecules that accelerate a chemical reaction

what go in a chemicla reaction

Does the chemical equation shown here obey the law of conservation of mass? 2h2 plus O2_> 2h2o Yes, but it is an unbalanced equation. No, there are too many hydrogens present. It is not possible to tell without mass data. Yes, there are equal numbers of each type of atom on each side. It is a balanced equation.

yes balanced equation

In proton-proton fusion the final helium-4 atom weighs less than the original four hydrogen atoms that fused together. This excess mass was converted to energy. We can see the relation of mass to energy for this reaction in Einstein's famous equation E = mc^2, where 'E' is energy, 'm' is mass, and 'c' is the speed of light. Knowing all this, which of the following is true? The energy gotten out of fusion process has nothing to do with the mass expended. You need a lot of mass to create a small amount of energy. The magnitude of the energy created is equal exactly to the mass that was expended. You only need a little mass to create a large amount of energy.

you only need a little mass to create energy

Some life scientists like Dian Fossey study animals. What are these scientists called? Chemists Botanists Microbiologists Zoologists Entomologists

zoologist

Compare the incident angle and the refracted angle when light traveling through air enters a denser medium. θi < θr There is no way to tell without densities of the mediums. θi > θr θi = θr

θi > θr