CSET II Life Science : Organisms Quiz

Which of the following properties makes water uniquely beneficial for living organisms? Select all answers that apply.

1. The specific heat capacity of water is relatively high. The high specific heat capacity of water allows water to maintain a more stable temperature than the surrounding atmosphere during summer and winter. 2. The density of water decreases as it freezes. Since ice is less dense than liquid water, it floats, providing protection from freezing for organisms that live in bodies of water. Often, a lake will remain liquid except for an upper layer of ice.

How do a population and community differ?

A population is a group of only one species, multiple organisms of the same species form a population. Vs. In a community there are multiple populations, more than one species.

Which of the following is not a function of nucleic acids? A. breaking down waste within a cell B. assembling proteins C. carrying information out of the nucleus D. Storing and transferring genetic information

A. breaking down waste within a cell. That is done by lysosomes.

In which phase of mitosis are the chromatids pulled to the opposite sides of the cell?

Anaphase, the chromosomes break in half becoming chromatids (spread out DNA), they are then pulled toward opposite poles by the centrioles using spindle fibers.

Which of the following is not an example of asexual reproduction? A. bacterium undergoes mitosis to produce two new bacterial cells. B. A cutting from a strawberry plant is used by a farmer to grow a new plant. C. A tapeworm produces sperm and uses it to self-fertilize its own eggs. D. Part of a ringworm breaks off and begins to grow, resulting in two ringworms.

Answer C because Even though the sperm and eggs come from the same organism, the offspring will not be identical to the parent due to crossing-over in meiosis. This is sexual reproduction.

Which specific part of a plant makes reproduction by budding possible?

Apical Meristem: This is usually located at the tips of leaves and roots. Many plants can reproduce by budding because of the non-specialized cells of the meristem.

Which of the following is an example of a community? A. a flock of flamingos B. a group of flamingos, reeds, fish, and shrimp living together in one area C. A flamingo D. a group of flamingos, reeds, fish, and shrimp living in a marsh with water, clay , and rocks

B. A group of flamingos, reeds, fish, and shrimp living together in one area. Multiple organisms of the same species form a population, and multiple populations form a community. They also interact.

Which of the following is an example of sexual reproduction in plants? A. budding B. cross-pollination C. vegetative propagation D. spore dispersal

B. Cross-pollination

Which of the following systems in the human body breaks down food into a simpler form of energy? A. circulatory B. digestive C. endocrine D. excretory

B. Digestive system breaks down food for energy

Which system controls most of the functions of the body? A. muscle system B. nervous system C. digestive system d. circulatory system

B. nervous system

One of the main purposes of the digestive system is to:

Break down food to absorb as energy

Which of the following body systems is not necessary for survival of the individual organism? A. excretory system B. nervous system C. reproductive system D. Digestive system

C. reproductive system

Which element provides the backbone for organic compounds, and thus life?

Carbon, it has four valence electrons, for that reason can form a variety of structures, including branched chains and rings. It is a crucial element in the molecules that make up living things.

Which of the following is part of the female reproductive structures of a plant?

Carpel/PISTIL (female),The female pistil contains the pollen-catching STIGMA which is supported by the style. The OVARY found at the bottom produces the ovules (also known as eggs).

Which of the following is the basic structure of every living organism?

Cells All living things have cells as their basic structure. Cells combine to make tissue, tissue combines to form organs, and organs group together to make organ systems.

What are the functions of connective cells?

Connective cells hold tissue together, provide insulation, and protection. Connective cells make up cartilage, bone, and adipose or fat tissue.

Each water molecule consist of two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. What kind of bond connects the hydrogen to the oxygen?

Covalent Bond - Each hydrogen shares its electron with oxygen. The covalent bond makes the oxygen end slightly negative, and the hydrogen ends slightly positive.

In which phase of mitosis does the cytoplasm split into two cells using a cleavage furrow or cell plate?

Cytokinesis in which the cell splits into two. In animals, the cell pinches down the middle using a cleavage furrow. In plants, a cell plate forms in the middle and splits the two new cells apart.

Which of the following is the the correct order of organization, from smallest to largest, within animals? A. tissue, organ, organ system, cell B. organ system, organ, cell, tissue C. cell, organ, tissue, organ system D. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

D. cell, tissue, organ, organ system All living things have cells as their basic structure. In all animals, cells combine to make tissue, tissue combines to form organs, and organs group together to make organ systems.

Which of the following is an example of sexual reproduction? A. a lizard growing a new tail after losing the original one B. one prokaryotic cell dividing into two new cells C. a cutting from a plant growing into a new sapling D. two horses having a foal

D. two horses having a foal

One of the main purposes of the circulatory system is to:

Deliver nutrients to cells within the body

A commercial florist is growing short-day plants. Which of the following methods would be the most effective for the florist to employ to ensure the most blooms?

Expose the plants to a number of dark hours that exceeds the critical photoperiod. Short-day plants thrive when the amount of light hours is less than the amount of uninterrupted dark hours.

Meiosis in multicellular animals result in the production of ___ cells?

Gametes, Meiosis results in specialized sex cells called gametes.

Which of the following is part of the male reproductive structures of a plant?

In a plant the male reproductive structure includes a stamen, the stamen is made of the anther and the filament.

Which of the following macromolecules is cholesterol?

Lipids are large fat molecules used for long-term energy storage. Butter, saturated fat, and cholesterol are all forms of lipids.

Which of the following is a required step of sexual reproduction? A. meiosis B. vegetative propagation C. binary fission D. mitosis

Meiosis creates gametes, or sex cells, and is essential for sexual reproduction.

Which of the following is the best reason that each muscle cell has many mitochondria organelles present?

Muscle cells expend a lot of energy. In biology, function is closely related to structure. Muscle cells do work and expend a lot of energy, so they need many mitochondria present.

What is the primary function of the roots of a plant?

Nutrient absorption from the soil

Phloem primarily transports which of the following substances through a plant?

Phloem transports food. Phloem flows throughout the plant, both up and down as it must carry sugars to every part for growth and survival.

Which of the following correctly identifies a major difference between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells have a cell wall in addition to a cell membrane, while animal cells only have a cell membrane. Plant cells have a cell wall that surrounds the cell membrane.

In which phase of mitosis does the DNA condense into chromosomes?

Prophase, the DNA condenses into chromosomes and become visible. Spindle fibers emerge from the centrosomes. The nuclear envelope breaks down. Centrosomes move toward opposite poles.

What are the functions of epithelial cells?

Provide a barrier, aid in absorption, line internal surfaces protection. They are found in intestines, skin, blood vessels.

Which of the following systems is responsible for removing carbon dioxide from the body and taking in oxygen?

Respiratory System - The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange. It removes the carbon dioxide and exchanges it for oxygen.

What is the function of nerve cells?

Send and receive messages to and from the brain. They communicate with the brain to provide reflex responses in the body.

Which of the following is a major organ of the integumentary system?

Skin The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from damage from outside elements and is comprised of the skin, hair, and nails.

Which of the following plant structures always travels up and out of the soil from a germinating seed? A. Stem B. Flower C. Root D. Pollen

Stem. The stem always travels up, away from the earth, and toward the surface.

Which of the following best describes the function of the stomata, the round openings on the surface of a plant?

Stomata are pores on the leaves, they help regulate the amount of air entering or exiting and water transpiring (evaporating).

Which organ facilitates the transferring of oxygen to blood?

The Lungs, the lungs hold in oxygen while blood passes through the lungs it absorbs the oxygen.

Which of the following accurately describes the events that occur during mitotic anaphase?

The chromatids are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell. During anaphase, the chromosomes are pulled apart. (Remember: anaphase = apart).

Which of the following is the best explanation of why the density of ice is less than that of liquid water?

The molecules are further apart in ice than in liquid water. The crystal structure of ice holds its molecules further apart from one another than in water, therefore the volume of a given mass of ice is greater than the same mass of liquid water, and ice's density (D = m/V) is lower.

Plant leaves are composed of many smaller components. Xylem carries water, phloem carries food, and the leaf is covered in a waxy, protective epidermis. What is the structural level of organization of a plant leaf?

The plant leaf is an organ made up of different types of interacting tissues.

A bundle of fresh-cut white roses is placed in a container. Water is then poured into the container so that the bottom third of the stems are immersed in water. Then red dye is added to the water. Over the next 24 hours, what is most likely going to happen to the white rose petals?

They will turn a light red color. The red dye will be absorbed by the flower's stem and move up the plant. The red dye will change the pigment of the petals.

Which functions are performed by a plant's stomata?

Transpiration of water out of the leaves. Stomata are small pores on plant leaves that allow evaporation of water off the surface of the leaves, or transpiration.

Plant cells have a large sac surrounded by a membrane and filled with fluids. This sac functions as storage, structural support, and waste disposal. This structure is called a:

Vacuole: Both plant and animal cells have vacuoles, but plant cells usually have a large central vacuole. It helps support the plant and enables it to grow larger.

Which of the following is true of water molecules?

Water molecules are attracted to one another by hydrogen bonds. Water molecules are held to one another with hydrogen bonds. The partially negative oxygen of one water molecule is attracted to the partially positive hydrogen of the next water molecule.

Which set of factors can affect the growth of an organism?

Water, temperature, and light

Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction?

a cutting from a plant growing into a new sapling This is asexual reproduction. The new sapling is genetically identical to the plant it was cut from

Which nitrogen base pairs with thymine in the DNA molecule?

adenine Hydrogen bonds pair adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine.

Which of the following describes the role of transpiration in the water cycle?

allows liquid water to leave plants and become atmospheric water vapor. Transpiration involves water evaporation through plant stems and leaves.

Which of the following is the basic unit of matter?

atoms Atoms are the basic unit of matter.

Glucose is classified as which type of macromolecule?

carbohydrate Sugars and starch are carbohydrates, they are used for a quick source of energy

Which of the following is the smallest structure within a bird?

cell All living things have cells as their basic structure. In all animals, cells combine to make tissue, tissue combines to form organs, and organs group together to make organ systems.

Which of the following correctly sequences the levels of organization for all living things?

cell—tissue—organ—organ system—organism All living things are composed of cells. Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, organs make up organ systems, and organ systems make up organisms.

Which of the following systems in the human body functions as the system responsible for transporting food and water waste?

circulatory system The circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients and water waste.

Muscles facilitate movement of the human body by:

contracting and relaxing. Muscles contract and relax to facilitate movement.

Variation of offspring is an important factor influencing the survival of a species. Which of these examples would create the most variation between a parent and its offspring?

fertilization of the egg and sperm Fertilization creates a mixture of genetic material between the source of the egg and sperm, creating variation between a parent and its offspring.

Which of the following correctly lists the primary function of the leaves of a plant?

gas exchange and photosynthesis The leaves provide a greater surface area for gas exchange and photosynthesis to occur.

Which of the following systems in humans is the primary barrier for foreign particles?

integumentary The integumentary system includes the body's skin, which forms a barrier between the human and its environment.

Which of the following body systems protects the body from abrasion and water loss?

integumentary system The skin is part of the integumentary system; it provides a layer of defense against abrasion. The skin also helps with homeostasis by controlling water loss.

Charlotte looks at a plant through a microscope and notices that the plant cells are packed with green chlorophyll. There is also a thin waxy layer at the top of the segment. What part of the plant is she most likely viewing?

leaf Leaves are where the majority of photosynthesis takes places, so they are packed with chlorophyll. Waxy outer layers can help reduce water loss.

Which macromolecule provides long-term energy storage and insulation?

lipids Lipids provide long-term energy storage and insulation. An example of this insulation can be seen in the myelin sheaths in the brain.

Which of the following body systems plays an important role in one's immune system and removing toxins, waste, and unwanted materials from the body?

lymphatic system The lymphatic system is made of lymphatic vessels and nodes that are filled with lymph, a colorless fluid filled with white blood cells nodes that fight infections.

Which of the following body systems is responsible for getting rid of toxins, waste, and other unwanted materials in the body?

lymphatic system The lymphatic system is part of the immune system and is responsible for filtering the blood to rid the body of unwanted materials.

In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

metaphase The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell in metaphase.

Which of the following choices lists the functions of muscle cells?

move the skeleton, digest food, and pump blood Muscle cells attach to the skeleton to move it, move food through the digestive system to process it, and pump blood throughout the body.

Which of the following systems in the human body would you use to throw a baseball?

muscular The muscular system works with the skeletal system to move limbs, such as what is needed to throw a baseball.

Which human body system can be described as "detects and processes information and activates body responses to that information"?

nervous system The nervous system detects and processes information and activates body responses to that information.

Which of the following macromolecules is responsible for holding genetic information?

nucleic acid Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, hold genetic information. DNA is composed of small molecules, called nucleic acids.

Which of the following is the largest structure within a snake?

organ system All living things have cells as their basic structure. In all animals, cells combine to make tissue, tissue combines to form organs, and organs group together to make organ systems.

Which of the following is a correct order of ecological organization, from smallest to largest?

organism-population-community-ecosystem Multiple organisms of the same species form a population and multiple populations form a community. A community plus the nonliving matter it interacts with is an ecosystem.

Water acts as a solvent for:

polar molecules. Water is a polar molecule and acts as a solvent for other polar molecules.

Which of the following properties of water is important when determining solubility of substances?

polarity Polar substances will dissolve in other polar substances. Since water is a polar molecule, other polar molecules will dissolve in it. (like dissolve in like)

Which of the following gives the phases of mitosis in the correct order?

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis This is the correct order of the phases of mitosis.

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

protects the body, regulates temperature, and eliminates wastes such as water and salt through perspiration Example: skin

Xylem primarily transports which of the following substances through a plant?

remember (W X Y) as in Water Xylem, Xylem transports water, it only moves upward

Which of the following body systems is responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide?

respiratory system The respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.

Which body system acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body?

skeletal system The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. The skeletal system supports the body and protects all tissues within the body.

Turgor pressure is created by individual plant cells' vacuoles filling with water. This increased water volume increases the plant's rigidity and keeps it erect (not wilted). Which of the following principles is illustrated by turgor pressure?

structure complements function Turgor pressure is a function that is dependent on the structure of the cell's vacuoles. Because the vacuole can hold water, it can provide support for the plant. This is an illustration of structure complementing function in biology.

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the human skeleton system?

supporting the structure of the body The human skeleton provides a form and structure for the body's other systems.

In which phase of mitosis do two nuclei appear?

telophase Two nuclei appear in telophase.