CSET Practice Test 1 English
Examples of phonological awareness tasks:
1.) Deleting and identifying word boundaries 2.) Distinguishing initial, medial, and final sounds. 3.) Blending sounds together
metaphor definition
A comparison of two different things that DOES NOT use the words "like" or "as".
In context, which is the best version of the underlined portion of sentence below? For example, men like John. D. Rockefeller and Andrew CARNEGIE, WHO BECAME major figures.
A. Carnegie became
What is a simple definition of SCAFFOLDING in the context of language and literacy development?
A. is a temporary means of support to assist students with more complex tasks in reading, writing, thinking, and understanding until they are ready to proceed at a higher level on their own.
According to current research, reading difficulties that are not the result of limited intelligence or lack of educational opportunity are most often caused by:
B) A deficit in phonological processing.
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door- Only this, and nothing more." Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow;- vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow- sorrow for the lost Lenore- For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore- Nameless here for evermore.
B. Internal rhyme and alliteration
Which of the following strategies is most effective in teaching spelling to children?
B. Looking at spelling patterns and vocabulary items.
The rule system in a language for producing phonemes in words is called:
B. Phonology
Which of the following is an example of phoneme manipulation tasks?
C. Adding or deleting letters to a word.
Teachers often ask students to predict what will happen in a text they are about to read. Which of the following is the best explanation of why this is a valuable technique?
C. Prediction questions often stimulate students' interest in the text, encourage thinking, and give opportunities to share background knowledge.
In most dictionaries, the explanation of the meaning of pronunciation symbols is usually found:
C. at the bottom of each page.
Which of the following are NOT examples of phonological awareness tasks?
D. Adding letters to form words.
Read the lines from a poem by John Milton below and answer the question that follows. How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, Stolen on his wing by three-and-twentieth year! My hasting days fly on with full career, But my late spring no bud or blossom show'th. The phrase "late spring" is a metaphor for:
D. The speaker's age.
A second grader is unable to blend phonemes into a word that is said aloud by the teacher. For example, after hearing /c/ /a/ /t/, the child says "kitten." Using the information above, what does this suggest to the teacher for instruction?
D. The student needs more instruction in phonemic awareness, including formal and explicit reading instruction.
Irena is an English Language Learner (ELL) who joins Ms. Acosta's seventh-grade class mid-year. Following a round of assessments, Ms. Acosta determines that Irena decodes extremely well and reads fluently. However, her comprehension performance is inconsistent. Sometimes she seems to understand everything in a grade-level text, while other times she has difficulty retelling a story with accuracy. Ms. Acosta then assesses Irena's vocabulary knowledge and notes some weak areas. What are some logical next steps for instruction?
D. Use this information to plan appropriate vocabulary and academic language interventions in relation to Irena's specific reading needs.
Example of metaphor
Noah has a heart of a lion. Her heart is gold. You are a rock.
1 In the Presidential election of 1828 Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams. 2 This victory was largely due to the machinations of Adam's political opponents in Congress. 3 Senator Martin Van Buren of New York led the opposition to Adams. 4 When Jackson swept into the White House, a wild throng of supporters greeted him, happy to have a President whom they perceived as a man of the people. 5 Van Buren had a smart plan of causing it to look like Adams had raised tariffs on imported goods. 6 In fact, Van Buren himself was behind the increase in tariffs. 7 A raucous party broke out during the inauguration, spilling from the White House onto the lawn. Which of the following revisions of a sentence would best improve the style of the passage?
Sentence 5: Van Buren cleverly made it appear that Adams had raised tariffs on imported goods.
Simile definition
A comparison of two different things using the words, "like" or "as".
Which of the following would be most important to include in the introduction to a persuasive essay?
A) An explanation of why the issue addressed by the essay is important.
Oral rhyming activities are most likely to promote phonemic awareness by helping a child learn to:
A) Attend to the sounds shared by words in the same word family.
Which of the following statements best explains how knowing a language that is historically related to English (German, French, Spanish) can facilitate the acquisition of English as a second language?
A) Many words and roots are likely to have similar spellings and meanings in English and in the individual's first language.
The languages of the world are most similar in which of the following respects?
A) The basic principles of phrase structure (e.g., the subject-predicate structure of the sentences)
Which of the following is NOT a common strategy of argument writing?
A. Provide a factual unbiased report that compares and contrasts a historical event.
A 2-year-old child points to his favorite book and says, "book." Which of the following responses by his mother represents the best method to help this child develop linguistically correct speech patterns?
A. Speaking naturally, "Yes, this is your favorite book; it's called Goodnight Moon."
Read the paragraph below and answer the question that follows. During a fourth-grade reading period, the teacher reads aloud a short, difficult piece of informational text. After completing the passage, the teacher paraphrases what she has read in her own words and then evaluates her own comprehension. Immediately after, she reads the piece a second time, paraphrases it again, and subsequently re-evaluates her own comprehension. Students observe that the teacher's understanding has increased after the second reading. What reading strategy is the teacher demonstrating to her students?
A. This strategy models an effective text comprehension rereading strategy.
A seventh-grade English teacher asks her class to write a research report about the artist Gustav Klimt. Which of the filling would be considered a secondary source for the paper?
B. A biography based on Klimt's personal life.
Which of the following is the MOST important element to include in a research paper?
B. Credible citations from primary and secondary sources.
A 5-year-old child becomes confused when his father rolls his eyes and says "that guy was really helpful" following an argument with an unhelpful store clerk. The child's confusion is most likely due to:
C) lack of understanding of the role of pragmatics in interpreting meaning
A first-grade teacher is working with her class during morning circle time. She is teaching a mini-lesson on onsets and rimes. The teacher uses the word "hair" as an example. Which of the following best represents an understanding of onsets and rimes?
C. /h/ and /air/
A first-grade teacher decides to reread a story to her class instead of selecting a new story. Which of the following is the greatest benefit of this technique?
C. Reading a story over again engages the student in a familiar text, enhancing their comprehension and building confidence.
A second-grade student skips over five or more words per page that he doesn't know while reading. Which of the following would be the best action for the teacher to consider?
C. The teacher should measure grade-level text complexity before implementing intervention strategies.
Which of the following word identification strategies typically is most advanced?
D) Analyzing word structure
An extensive oral vocabulary is most likely to contribute to a reader's decoding skills by helping the reader:
D) Recognize a word after sounding it out
Which of the following sentences has the correct usage of standard written English?
D. After one hundred forty dormant years, Mount St. Helens volcano was erupting, spewing fountains of lava into the air.
1 In the Presidential election of 1828 Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams. 2 This victory was largely due to the machinations of Adam's political opponents in Congress. 3 Senator Martin Van Buren of New York led the opposition to Adams. 4 When Jackson swept into the White House, a wild throng of supporters greeted him, happy to have a President whom they perceived as a man of the people. 5 Van Buren had a smart plan of causing it to look like Adams had raised tariffs on imported goods. 6 In fact, Van Buren himself was behind the increase in tariffs. 7 A raucous party broke out during the inauguration, spilling from the White House onto the lawn. Which of the following changes could best improve the logical organization of the passage?
Move sentence 4 so that it follows sentence 6.
Read the excerpt below from Edgar Allen Poe's "The Raven", then answer questions 19 and 20 that follow. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door- Only this, and nothing more." Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow;- vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow- sorrow for the lost Lenore- For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore- Nameless here for evermore. The narrator of the poem could be considered....
A) Unreliable and haunted by loss
Read the excerpt below from the Hausa folk tale "The Rabbit, the Elephant, and the Giraffe"; then answer the questions that follow. The rabbit once suggested to the elephant that they should farm in partnership. "You can clear the bush" he said "and I'll burn the trees when you have pushed them over." The elephant agreed and began pushing over trees to clear the land. The rabbit next went to the giraffe and suggested to him too that they should go into farming together. "I'll push over the trees" he said "and you can burn them." The giraffe agreed and went and burnt all the trees which the elephant had previously pushed over. As for the rabbit, he just took care that neither the elephant nor the giraffe knew what the other was doing. The style of passage most clearly reflects the style of many traditional folk tales in its:
A) Use of a simple narrative structure with repeated words & phrases
Anaphora, the repetition of a certain phrase in rhetorical speech, is most effective for:
A) creating a feeling of building excitement or importance.
A lack of variation in rate, pitch, and rhythm is most likely to undermine the delivery of an oral presentation by:
A) diminishing the presentation's emotional effect
Which of the following phonemic awareness skills typically is easiest for children to acquire?
A) identifying the initial sound in a word (e.g., /b/ in bed)
The idea that, in English, words are made up of letters that approximate the sounds heard when we speak these words is called
A) the alphabetic principle
Read the following excerpt from the poem "Casey at the Bat" by Ernest Thayer, then answer questions 22, 23, 24 and 25 that follow. Ten thousand eyes were on him as he rubbed his hands with dirt; Five thousand tongues applauded when he wiped them on his shirt. Then while the writhing pitcher ground the ball into his hip, Defiance gleamed in Casey's eye, a sneer curled Casey's lip. And now the leather-covered sphere came hurtling through the air, And Casey stood a-watching it in haughty grandeur there. Close by the sturdy batsman the ball unheeded sped- "That ain't my style," said Casey. "Strike one," the umpire said. From the benches, black with people, there went up a muffled roar, Like the beating of the storm-waves on a stern and distant shore. "Kill him! Kill the umpire!" shouted someone on the stand; And it's likely they'd a-killed him had not Casey raised his hand. With a smile of Christian charity great Casey's visage shown; He stilled the rising tumult; he bade the game go on; He signaled to the pitcher, and once more the spheroid flew; But Casey still ignored it, and the umpire said, "Strike two." "Fraud!" cried the maddened thousands, and echo answered fraud; But one scornful look from Casey and the audience was awed. They saw his face grow stern and cold, they saw his muscles strain, And they knew that Casey wouldn't let that ball go by again. The sneer is gone from Casey's lip, his teeth are clenched in hate; He pounds with cruel violence his bat upon the plate. And now the pitcher holds the ball, and now he lets it go, And now the air is shattered by the force of Casey's blow. Oh, somewhere in this favored land the sun is shining bright; The band is playing somewhere, and somewhere hearts are light, And somewhere men are laughing, and somewhere children shout; But there is no joy in Mudville—mighty Casey has struck out. The line "And now the air is shattered by the force of Casey's blow" is most likely designed to________.
A) trick the reader into thinking that Casey has hit the ball
While teaching an art lesson in a Project Head Start classroom, the teacher walks around the room to observe the children's paintings. Raymond hold up his painting and exclaims, "This tree was made by me!" Next Melanie holds up her painting, saying, "I make it!" Nicole eagerly displays her painting and syas, "I paint my hands," and David shows his painting and says, "Me paint." Based on language development and the understanding of syntax, which response most closely exhibits the speech pattern of a 5-year-old?
A. "This tree was made by me!"
A first-grade teacher notices that a student is struggling with reading. He is in the lowest-achieving reading group, and although the teacher has tried some strategies to improve his reading, he is making minimal progress. What are the next steps the teacher should take in working with this student?
A. Assess his reading and target instruction to meet identified skill needs. In addition, keep anecdotal records of reading behavior and communicate with his parents to gain assistance.
In preparation for presenting oral material, students are taught how to structure a speech. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial strategy used by the presenter to communicate effectively?
A. Consider whether your goal is to inform, persuade, or motivate, and then develop an outline for your speech.
Mr. Farley reads aloud the book The Three Little Pigs, a story in which a wolf tries to destroy the home of three pigs. The next day, Mr. Farley reads aloud The True Story of the Three Little Pigs, in which the wolf explains how he was framed by the pigs. The teacher leads a discussion comparing the two stories. This discussion is most likely to promote students' reading proficiency by:
A. Guiding students to compare stories and determine a character's perspective and/or bias.
Read the lines below from "The Eagle" (1851) by Tennyson (1809-1892) and answer the question that follows. The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; He watches from his mountain walls, And like a thunderbolt he falls. The first line uses a(n):
A. Metaphor
A first-grade teacher notices that Jack, one of her students, is having difficulty with various phonemic awareness activities. Although the assessment is conducted through informal observation, the teacher does have an indication of the student's general weaknesses. Which of the following strategies is the most effective in addressing the student's phonemic awareness weaknesses?
A. Practicing alliteration, rhyming, blending, and segmentation.
Which of the following sentences shows the correct usage of the underlined word(s)?
Although he had appeared as a guest on several popular cable news shows in recent months, yesterday's interview WAS THE FIRST TIME THE GOVERNOR ADMITTED his interest in running for senator.
Read the poem below, "The Street" by Octavio Paz; then answer the two questions that follow. A long and silent street. I walk in blackness and I stumble and fall and rise, and I walk blind, my feet stepping on silent stones and dry leaves. Someone behind me also stepping on stones, leaves: if I slow down, he slows: if I run, he runs. I turn: nobody. Everything dark and doorless. Turning and turning among these corners which lead forever to the street where nobody waits for, nobody follows me, where I pursue a man who stumbles and rises and says when he sees me: nobody. In this poem, the repetition of words and rhythms reinforces the poem's:
B) Mood of anxiety
Read the poem below, "The Creature" by Gary Soto; then answer the two questions that follow. This morning something Perched like a bird On my left shoulder, And was silent. If I brushed it away, It reappeared Like a premonition. If I ran, It clawed deep Into my coat, My wool coat, And closed its eyes— Or what I thought Were its eyes. So, here I was Walking the town Perplexed like a priest, My neck stiff As a new beard, And no friend Waving ¡Hola! That afternoon I prayed and lit A candle for the spirit Of my wife Dead two years, And still this Creature tightened And yawned Into my ear. At supper in my room, It ate my bread And the handle Of a sharp knife. To that I said Enough! And left hatless For the cantina, Where again the creature Lay on my shoulder Like the hand of someone Bearing grief. The narrator of the poem can best be characterized as:
B) seeking to evade emotional pain through restlesss activity
Read the following excerpt from the poem "Casey at the Bat" by Ernest Thayer, then answer questions 22, 23, 24 and 25 that follow. Ten thousand eyes were on him as he rubbed his hands with dirt; Five thousand tongues applauded when he wiped them on his shirt. Then while the writhing pitcher ground the ball into his hip, Defiance gleamed in Casey's eye, a sneer curled Casey's lip. And now the leather-covered sphere came hurtling through the air, And Casey stood a-watching it in haughty grandeur there. Close by the sturdy batsman the ball unheeded sped- "That ain't my style," said Casey. "Strike one," the umpire said. From the benches, black with people, there went up a muffled roar, Like the beating of the storm-waves on a stern and distant shore. "Kill him! Kill the umpire!" shouted someone on the stand; And it's likely they'd a-killed him had not Casey raised his hand. With a smile of Christian charity great Casey's visage shown; He stilled the rising tumult; he bade the game go on; He signaled to the pitcher, and once more the spheroid flew; But Casey still ignored it, and the umpire said, "Strike two." "Fraud!" cried the maddened thousands, and echo answered fraud; But one scornful look from Casey and the audience was awed. They saw his face grow stern and cold, they saw his muscles strain, And they knew that Casey wouldn't let that ball go by again. The sneer is gone from Casey's lip, his teeth are clenched in hate; He pounds with cruel violence his bat upon the plate. And now the pitcher holds the ball, and now he lets it go, And now the air is shattered by the force of Casey's blow. Oh, somewhere in this favored land the sun is shining bright; The band is playing somewhere, and somewhere hearts are light, And somewhere men are laughing, and somewhere children shout; But there is no joy in Mudville—mighty Casey has struck out. Which of the following most accurately describes the author's tone?
B. An indictment of arrogance and bias in sports.
In the following conversation, a kindergarten teacher is preparing a special-needs student for a phonemic awareness test. After reading, answer the question that follows. TEACHER: I'm going to say the sounds in a word. The sounds are /k/-/i/-/t/. When I put those sounds together, they say KIT. Now I'm going to say some more sounds, and I want you to put them together to make a word. This time, the sounds are /f/-/i/-/t/. Can you put those sounds together to make a word? STUDENT: /f/-/i/-/t/. That says FIT! Teacher: That's right, FIT. Now, I'd like you to do this for some more words. This assessment would be an appropriate way to measure which of the following phonemic awareness tasks?
B. Blending the phonemes in a given word.
The linguistic system (language forms, structures, and styles) used by an individual as opposed to systems characteristic of communities is called:
B. Idiolect
A fourth-grade teacher is teaching a class with 30 students, many of whom are English Language Learners from different cultural backgrounds. When the teacher is selecting text reading material for her classroom, she should:
B. Include reading material that covers many different reading and complexity levels in order to reach all students' abilities.
A first-grade teacher plans a mid-year reading lesson for a class with many English Language Learners from diverse sociocultural; backgrounds. Which of the following should the teacher consider first before preparing her lesson?
B. Preparing a portfolio for each child with strategies for individual instructional needs.
Which of the following grade-level skills should be expected from an average fourth-grade class of students who are using the Internet to conduct research to write paper?
B. Students should demonstrate a command of searching for information relevant to the topic while taking notes.
Which of the following sentences contains an adjective clause?
B. The program that I bought at the opera simplified the confusing plot.
In which of the following sentences is the underlined word used correctly?
B. The soldiers were negatively affected by the long and gruesome battle.
Kindergarten student performance assessments are conducted at the end of the school year. One student is able to name the letters of the alphabet and has mastered print concepts. However, the student is unable to identify rhyming words. What should the kindergarten teacher conclude about this student?
B. The student has not mastered a phonemic awareness skill (that is, rhyming words) that should be mastered by the end of kindergarten.
Mr. Gutierrez, a third-grade teacher, is developing his daily schedule as well as his long-range classroom goals. According to the California Language Arts Framework, what is the minumum amount of time per day to be allocated for language arts instruction?
B. Two and a half hours.
Read the poem "The Soldier" (1914) by Rupert Brooke (1887-1915) below and answer the question that follows. If I should die, think only this of me that there's some corner of a foreign field that is forever England. There shall be in that rich earth a richer dust concealed; a dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware, Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam, A body of England's breathing English air, Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home. And think, this heart, all evil and shed away, a pulse in the eternal mind, no less gives someone back the thoughts by England given, her sights and sounds, dreams happy as her day; and laughter, learnt of friends, and gentleness, in hearts at peace, under an English heaven. Which of the following best describes the primary technique used to express the main theme of the poem?
B. Using figurative language to represent individual sacrifice.
A teacher shows her student a picture of a fictional creature called a "blurk". She asks them what two of these creatures would be called, and they respond correctly with "blurks". Her students have demonstrated
C) the ability to use morphological rules instead of remembering a past experience
At the beginning of the school year, a kindergarten teacher notices a student fluently reading aloud during silent reading time. Which of the following is likely to be the most effective intervention strategy?
C. Conducting a formal assessment to determine the student's reading level before planning individualized instruction.
Ruben is 7 years old and recently moved to the United States with his Spanish-speaking parents. He is entering a second-grade classroom where English-speaking and foreign speaking children all learn together. Ruben will learn in his native language and in English simultaneously. This approach to teaching English learners is called:
C. Dual-language immersion
Which of the following purposes is the goal of a speaker who adjusts his or her volume and tone of voice during a speech or an oral presentation?
C. Engaging the audience's attention at appropriate places in the presentation's content.
Mr. Fisher regularly conducts curriculum-based assessments with his second-grade class. As a result, it is clear to him that Juan, a nonnative speaker, can decode and comprehend at a higher reading level than the majority of the class. What is the most important factor for Mr. Fisher to consider when planning classroom interventions?
C. He should vary the pacing and complexity of the teaching so Juan is appropriately challenged during small-group and whole-group instruction.
A sixth-grade teacher asks her class to write a science research paper about recent earthquakes from around the world. The report is due in 2 weeks. Which of the following sources would be valuable in helping the student get started?
C. Line 3: Source-Scholarly science journals and magazines Information: To view articles about modern-day earthquakes.
1Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is the regular meeting site of an international society of engineers who specialize in bridge building. 2This choice of locale is no accident. 3Pittsburgh is famous for the dozens of bridges spanning the city's three rivers. 4Almost every conceivable type of bridge can be found in or around Pittsburgh. 5Many of these bridges have idiosyncratic features, due to the unique requirements posed by the city's undulating terrain. Which of the following sentences is the topic sentence of this paragraph?
C. Sentence 3
Read the paragraph below and answer the question that follows. 1 More than half of this time is necessary to allow the rising or the resting of the dough. 2 Or you will have to bake them earlier and freeze them. 3 To make a good croissant takes 11 hours. 4 So if you want fresh croissants for breakfast, you will have to stay up all night. Which of the following is the best topic sentence in the paragraph above?
C. Sentence 3
During a history lesson, a fourth-grade classroom teacher requests that students submit a writing sample about what it must be like to be a child of immigrants coming to the United States. One student submits the following writing sample: When my dad came, he did not SPEEK English because he was born in a DIFFIRENT country, called Guatemala. No one could understand him because of his AXCENT. He was a good ELECTRICHEN. I think my dad is AMAZZING. In analyzing the student's spelling errors, how should the teacher begin to interpret the student's spelling development, and how might the teacher plan for further spelling instruction?
C. The teacher should identify the misspelled words in this student's writing sample and add this sample to other samples of this student's work. For further information about this student's spelling development, the teacher should administer a spelling inventory and analyze the results. This would provide her with more information on which to base word-study lessons for her class.
Read the following excerpt from the poem "Casey at the Bat" by Ernest Thayer, then answer questions 22, 23, 24 and 25 that follow. Ten thousand eyes were on him as he rubbed his hands with dirt; Five thousand tongues applauded when he wiped them on his shirt. Then while the writhing pitcher ground the ball into his hip, Defiance gleamed in Casey's eye, a sneer curled Casey's lip. And now the leather-covered sphere came hurtling through the air, And Casey stood a-watching it in haughty grandeur there. Close by the sturdy batsman the ball unheeded sped- "That ain't my style," said Casey. "Strike one," the umpire said. From the benches, black with people, there went up a muffled roar, Like the beating of the storm-waves on a stern and distant shore. "Kill him! Kill the umpire!" shouted someone on the stand; And it's likely they'd a-killed him had not Casey raised his hand. With a smile of Christian charity great Casey's visage shown; He stilled the rising tumult; he bade the game go on; He signaled to the pitcher, and once more the spheroid flew; But Casey still ignored it, and the umpire said, "Strike two." "Fraud!" cried the maddened thousands, and echo answered fraud; But one scornful look from Casey and the audience was awed. They saw his face grow stern and cold, they saw his muscles strain, And they knew that Casey wouldn't let that ball go by again. The sneer is gone from Casey's lip, his teeth are clenched in hate; He pounds with cruel violence his bat upon the plate. And now the pitcher holds the ball, and now he lets it go, And now the air is shattered by the force of Casey's blow. Oh, somewhere in this favored land the sun is shining bright; The band is playing somewhere, and somewhere hearts are light, And somewhere men are laughing, and somewhere children shout; But there is no joy in Mudville—mighty Casey has struck out. The line: "'That ain't my style', said Casey" demonstrates the author's __________.
C. Use of colloquial language.
Read the excerpt below from the Hausa folk tale "The Rabbit, the Elephant, and the Giraffe"; then answer the questions that follow. The rabbit once suggested to the elephant that they should farm in partnership. "You can clear the bush" he said "and I'll burn the trees when you have pushed them over." The elephant agreed and began pushing over trees to clear the land. The rabbit next went to the giraffe and suggested to him too that they should go into farming together. "I'll push over the trees" he said "and you can burn them." The giraffe agreed and went and burnt all the trees which the elephant had previously pushed over. As for the rabbit, he just took care that neither the elephant nor the giraffe knew what the other was doing. This passage is typical for many traditional folk tales in its:
D) Inclusion of a character who is a trickster
Read the poem below, "The Street" by Octavio Paz; then answer the two questions that follow. A long and silent street. I walk in blackness and I stumble and fall and rise, and I walk blind, my feet stepping on silent stones and dry leaves. Someone behind me also stepping on stones, leaves: if I slow down, he slows: if I run, he runs. I turn: nobody. Everything dark and doorless. Turning and turning among these corners which lead forever to the street where nobody waits for, nobody follows me, where I pursue a man who stumbles and rises and says when he sees me: nobody. The last two lines of the poem most clearly support which of the following themes?
D) The isolation and alienation of modern life
1 While Washington, D.C., does send a delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives, this official cannot cast a vote on the floor of the House or in committee, leaving D.C. residents without an effective voice in Congress. 2 Like Americans living in every other part of the country, however, residents of the District pay federal income taxes. 3 Indeed, the per capita income tax paid by D.C. residents is higher than in all but a handful of states. 4 It is a bitter irony that the only other U.S. citizens who are denied full voting rights are convicted felons. 5 Some D.C. residents now compare their plight to that of pre-Revolutionary War colonists; the phrase "No taxation without representation" has become something of a local rallying cry. Which of the following research questions would provide the most appropriate starting point for an objective investigation of issues raised in this excerpt?
D) What arguments are raised by opponents of Congressional representation for D.C.?
Read the poem below, "The Creature" by Gary Soto; then answer the two questions that follow. This morning something Perched like a bird On my left shoulder, And was silent. If I brushed it away, It reappeared Like a premonition. If I ran, It clawed deep Into my coat, My wool coat, And closed its eyes— Or what I thought Were its eyes. So, here I was Walking the town Perplexed like a priest, My neck stiff As a new beard, And no friend Waving ¡Hola! That afternoon I prayed and lit A candle for the spirit Of my wife Dead two years, And still this Creature tightened And yawned Into my ear. At supper in my room, It ate my bread And the handle Of a sharp knife. To that I said Enough! And left hatless For the cantina, Where again the creature Lay on my shoulder Like the hand of someone Bearing grief. In this poem, the image of "the creature" most clearly symbolizes the:
D) unavoidable, persistent anguish of personal loss
Read the following paragraph and carefully arrange the four sentences in the most logical order. 1 The effect of the medication will not change. 2 However, you might take the wrong pill or take a pill at the wrong time. 3 If you are taking several pills, be sure to pay close attention to the change in shape or color. 4 Changing from a brand-name medicine to a generic, you may find that the pill is a different shape or a different color.
D. 4-1-3-2
Ms. Chen, a sixth-grade teacher, frequently asks students to respond to literature through purposeful writing opportunities. When creating writing lessons, it is most important that Ms. Chen's lessons and activities relate to the specific instructional needs of her students and involve different learning modalities that connect reading, listening, speaking, and writing. According to the English Language Arts (ELA) and CCSS requirements, which of the following types of essay-writing tasks should be emphasized in Ms. Chen's sixth-grade writing lessons?
D. Argument writing
A fifth-grade teacher is trying to increase the prosody of Ralph and Elvia, both second-language learners. How could the teacher best address their needs?
D. By modeling reading with appropriate phrasing and expression.
Which of the following is not typically found in Native American folk tales?
D. Extended metaphors and complex plot structures.
A sixth-grade teacher frequently asks students to respond to literary and informational text through purposeful writing opportunities. When developing lessons, it is most important that the teacher's lessons and activities;
D. Relate to the specific differentiated instructional needs of the students while focusing on the Common Core State Standards.
Students are expected to recognize writing assignment arguments that are supported by valid reasoning and evidence. All of the following are necessary elements in writing an unbiased opinion piece that supports a specific point of view EXCEPT:
D. a clear introduction, body, and concluding paragraph based on the information presented.
Which of the following sentences contains a relative clause?
A) The circus that came to town in August has an excellent trapeze act.
Clues to a word's connotative meanings can usually be found in all of the following except
A) the presence of blends
A first-grade student is capable of reading stories at her grade-level band. However, when asked by the teacher to recall details about the story, she is unable to recall specific details and responds by saying, "I liked the story." What does this suggest to the teacher for reading instruction?
A. The teacher needs to match the text with the student followed by guided reading instruction that includes metacognition skills.
A second-grade teacher listens to his students read orally in a small, guided reading group. He notices that one of his students is continually frustrated when reading and is unable to recognize grade-level words. Which of the following are the best instructional strategies according to the Common Core State Standards?
A. The teacher should measure the text complexity, teach word identification strategies, and provide the student with easier text while monitoring fluency (i.e, reading accurately 90 to 94 percent of the time and comprehending 75 to 89 percent of the time).
Increasing the rate of speech in an oral presentation would be most effective for:
B) Conveying a feeling of excitement
According to current research, which of the following competencies best predict a child's success in learning to read in the primary grades?
B) Letter knowledge & phonemic awareness
Some common vowel patterns are associated with more than one pronunciation (e.g., steam and bread). Which of the following nonsense words illustrates a vowel pattern that is highly consistent in its pronunciation?
B) Troan
Read the paragraph below and answer the question that follows. 1 According to recent studies, it certainly can. 2 Consequently, environmentalists are filing suit against six plumbing manufacturers. 3 Tests in Oregon have shown that lead contamination from faucets is a hundred times higher than the state's standard. 4 Can an old or new faucet be dangerous? Which of the following is the most logical order of the four sentences in the paragraph above?
B. 4-1-3-2
Which one of the following paired writing and organizational techniques best describes the discovery process in writing an effective essay?
C. Brainstorming and prewriting while focusing on the task, purpose, and audience.
Which of the following are the best predictors of reading success in the first grade?
C. Letter recognition, knowledge about print, and linguistic awareness.
Which of the following must be cited in a research paper to avoid plagiarism?
C. Paraphrasing an author's viewpoint from a secondary source.
A third-grade student is confusing consonant pairs when writing. She writes juncl for jungle, efryone for everyone, and carrod for carrot. What instructional strategy would probably be most useful for this student?
C. The teacher needs to instruct the student in articulating phonemes.
Which of the following sentences shows the correct usage and punctuation of the underlined words?
C. To a large degree, POETRY, ALONG WITH ALL THE OTHER ARTS, IS a form of imitation.
The purpose of revising text when writing an essay is to:
C. critically evaluate the first draft.
A child says the phrase "I hungry." This can be considered an example of which of the following?
C. telegraphic speech
The phrase "Like the beating of storm-waves..." is an example of what literary device?
D) Simile
During daily writing, a third-grade student consistently confuses long vowel sounds and writes hiev for hive, bote for boat, and trea for tree. What instructional strategies should the teacher use to meet the student's identified need?
D. Give direct instruction in long vowel patterns, sorting word families, and other activities to practice long-vowel spelling patterns.
Simile Examples
He was as busy AS a bee. She looks as snug AS a bug in a rug. I am as blind AS a bat without my glasses. Her heart is LIKE gold. You are LIKE a rock.