Culture Midterm Ch. 3

When determining healthcare needs for a patient population, the healthcare organization analyzes the percentage of races represented within the organization with those of the U.S. Census. What was the change in the White population between the 2000 Census data and 2014 Census Bureau estimates? 1. 7.2% 2. 1.2% 3. 0.3% 4. 3.8%

Answer: 1 - 7.2% 1. The White-alone population decreased by approximately 7.2% from the 2000 Census to the 2014 Census Bureau estimates. 2. The Asian population increased approximately 1.6% from 2000 Census to the 2014 Census Bureau estimates. 3. The Black or African-American population increased approximately 0.4% from 2000 Census to the 2014 Census Bureau estimates. 4. The Hispanic or Latino population increased approximately 4.8% from 2000 Census to the 2014 Census Bureau estimates.

While completing demographics for a new admission, the nurse notices there are separate categories for race and Hispanic origin. What influenced this change to occur in demographic data reporting? 1. Federal guidelines written in 1997 separated race and Hispanic origin as two separate concepts. 2. The number of people identified as non-White was increasing out of proportion to the population. 3. Identifies in which health plans the patient is eligible to enroll 4. Better differentiates categories within the African-American group

Answer: 1 - Federal guidelines written in 1997 separated race and Hispanic origin as two separate concepts. 1. Previously, the Census Bureau had classified Hispanic as a race, but this became two separate categories in response to the 1997 guidelines. The 2010 Census adhered to these guidelines. 2. A separate category for race and Hispanic origin was not done to better classify the number of White population members. 3. Separate categories for race and Hispanic origin do not help identify health plans for patient enrollment. 4. A separate category for race and Hispanic origin was not done to differentiate categories within the African-American group.

A patient explains how a former job has been outsourced to another country. What impact has globalization had on the economy? 1. Increased income inequality for some groups in the United States 2. Improved income for all minority groups in the United States 3. Increased membership in labor unions 4. Decreased immigration

Answer: 1 - Increased income inequality for some groups in the U.S 1. Globalization has resulted in job loss in the United States, which has led to income inequality for some groups in the United States, increasing the potential for poverty. 2. Globalization has resulted in the outsourcing of many jobs formerly done in the United States, thus increasing unemployment for many minority groups. 3. Globalization has resulted in decreased membership in labor unions. 4. Globalization has not changed immigration patterns to the United States.

How might immigration contribute to income inequality in the United States? 1. Many immigrants' willingness to do jobs for less money than native-born residents 2. Being the primary income earners in the family 3. Advocating for higher minimum wages 4. A willingness to join labor unions as in previous immigrant trends

Answer: 1 - Many immigrants' willingness to do jobs for less money than native-born residents 1. Many unskilled immigrants are willing to take jobs at lower pay in order to be employed, which undercuts labor hiring for native-born residents. 2. Newer immigrant families traditionally have as many members of the family employed as possible to contribute to the family income. 3. Immigrant groups are not perceived to be actively advocating minimum wage increases at this time. 4. Labor union membership has declined and current immigrant groups are not union advocates as they have been in the past.

Between the 2000 Census and the 2014 Census Bureau estimates, what is the most notable statistic about the total United States population? 1. The U.S. population was over 318 million in 2014. 2. The Asian population increased to become the second-largest minority group in the United States. 3. The population age shift moved towards 18 years and younger. 4. The population shift went from a White-alone majority to White-alone minority status

Answer: 1 - The U.S population was over 318 million in 2014 1. The U.S. population, steadily increasing, went from approximately 281 million people in the 2000 Census to over 318 million by the 2014 Census Bureau estimates. 2. Asian population numbers represent the third-largest minority group, behind Hispanic and African-American groups. 3. The age group of 18 years and younger is 26.6% of the total population. 4. The population majority in the United States remains a White-alone majority.

The nurse is comparing the patient population at a healthcare organization with the US Bureau of the Census population statistics. Which statement would the nurse use to make this comparison? 1. The percentage of U.S. White alone people in the 2014 estimates was 61.9 % of the population. 2. The percentage of Black Americans dropped considerably between 2000 and the 2014 estimates. 3. People of color are the majority population within the United States. 4. People of color as a percentage of the overall U.S. population are decreasin

Answer: 1 - The percentage of U.S. White alone people in the 2014 estimates was 61.9% of the population 1. In 2014, the U.S. Bureau of the Census estimated that 61.9% of the population was comprised of people who were White alone. 2. The percentage of Black Americans experienced a modest growth from 12.3% in 2000 to 12.7% in 2014 estimates. 3. While the proportional population is increasing, people of color are not the majority population in the United States. 4. Census statistics indicate an increase in people of color as a population group within the United States, not a decrease.

Legal permanent residents tend to initially settle in urban areas. What can be inferred from this? 1. Employment may be found, but will probably be in lesser-paying jobs. 2. Unemployment will not be a concern. 3. Employment is easy to obtain in urban areas. 4. Income earning potential is higher.

Answer: 1 - employment may be found, but will probably be in lesser-paying jobs 1. Legal permanent residents generally have lesser-paying jobs than natives. 2. Legal permanent residents are more likely to be unemployed. 3. Employment is not necessarily easier to find in urban areas. 4. Legal permanent residents are more likely to live in poverty than natives.

Why would a patient who has a higher income generally have better health outcomes? 1. Have better access to healthcare 2. Have better job skills 3. Can afford private transportation 4. Can afford private insurance

Answer: 1 - have better access to healthcare 1. Higher incomes generally translate to better access to healthcare, which improves health outcomes. 2. Higher incomes are not necessarily equated with better job skills. 3. Private transportation is not an indicator of income, just an indication it can be afforded. 4. Private health insurance is becoming more expensive, and many people who have good incomes can't afford to pay for health insurance.

Families headed by a woman have which of the following? 1. Increased from 10% in 1970 to 30.5% in 2014. 2. Experienced the improvement in the economic climate in the United States. 3. Received aid as a result of poverty guidelines of 2014 that are better than those of 2010. 4. Received larger amounts of cash per capita.

Answer: 1 - increased from 10% in 1970 to 30.5% in 2014 1. There has been an increase of 20.5% of families headed by a woman between 1970 and 2015. 2. The economic climate has improved for some in the United States, but not for all its residents. 3. Aid received as a result of poverty guidelines is not helping as much as it has in the past. 4. Poverty levels are increasing despite an increase in poverty guidelines.

Among the very real concerns for all residents of the United States, both citizens and legal permanent residents, is the rise in undocumented people entering the country. What impact is this having on healthcare? 1. Increased numbers of undocumented people are straining healthcare resources. 2. There is a concern that undocumented people will lead to bioterrorist attacks. 3. Health insurance is being given to all people in the country, ensuring universal coverage. 4. The rise in undocumented people is contributing to the rise in exotic and rare diseases in the country.

Answer: 1 - increased numbers of undocumented people are straining healthcare resources 1. Increased numbers of undocumented people are straining healthcare resources in the United States, because they increase the population that requires services. 2. There is no evidence the rise in undocumented people will lead to a bioterrorist attack. 3. There is no universal health insurance in the United States, so there is no universal health coverage. 4. There is no evidence the rise in undocumented people is causing a rise in rare and exotic diseases in the United States.

A patient, who is an immigrant from another country, is waiting to be seen in the Emergency Department. With what difficulties is this patient dealing since coming to a new country? Select all that apply: 1. Learning a new language 2. Adapting to a new climate 3. Eating new foods 4. Fitting in with the new culture 5. Rejecting old customs in favor of new ones

Answer: 1 - learning a new language 1. Learning a new language can be difficult for the immigrant. 2. Adapting to a new climate can be difficult for an immigrant. 3. Eating new foods can be difficult for an immigrant. 4. Fitting in with the new culture can be difficult for the immigrant. 5. Old customs are not necessarily rejected in favor of new customs when moving to a new country.

Which characteristic would the nurse assess in a family experiencing multi-generational poverty? 1. Repeated cycles of decreased educational opportunities leading to poorer income potential and poorer health outcomes 2. Members not wishing to improve their life circumstances 3. Decreased interest by lawmakers in reducing poverty circumstances 4. Increased government efforts to provide money to improve incomes

Answer: 1 - repeated cycles of decreased educational opportunities leading to poorer income potential and poorer health outcomes 1. The cycle of poverty is perpetuated when each subsequent generation continues to have poor education opportunities, which leads to decreased income potential that can affect health outcomes. 2. Family members may wish to improve their life circumstances, but don't have the same opportunities as those with better incomes. 3. Lawmakers remain interested in reducing poverty through legislation. 4. Government efforts have not focused on providing money to improve incomes, but on improving opportunities to allow people to improve their life circumstances

While taking the health history, a Black Hispanic patient tells the nurse about having difficulty finding employment. The nurse realizes which factor causes income disparity within this segment of the population? 1. Shift to labor requiring higher technological skills 2. Increase in the real minimum wage potential 3. Increase in traditional labor skills for these groups 4. Shift of skilled jobs to unskilled labor

Answer: 1 - shift to labor requiring higher technological skills 1. The shift to labor requiring higher technological skills has decreased unskilled labor jobs, resulting in income inequality for those groups traditionally involved in unskilled labor. 2. Real minimum wage potential has decreased, not increased. 3. Traditional labor skills have been declining for these groups. 4. There has been no shift of skilled labor to unskilled labor.

According to the 2014 Census Bureau estimates, the percentage of the population over 65 years of age was at 14.5%. How will health planning needs be affected by this percentage? 1. This population will have greater demands on the health care system as it ages. 2. Planning needs for other segments of the population can be revised downwards. 3. There is no need to increase manufacture of childhood immunizations. 4. Cultural accommodations for other minority groups can be decreased.

Answer: 1 - this population will have greater demands on the health care system as it ages 1. As the White-alone population over 65 years of age increases, demands on the health system will increase. 2. Planning needs for other segments of the population will need to remain at appropriate levels. 3. Manufacture of childhood immunizations is not driven by changes in this population. 4. Cultural accommodations for minority groups will need to remain and be increased in order to provide culturally appropriate care.

A patient whose ancestry is European, but was born in Puerto Rico, is deciding how to classify race and Hispanic origin while completing demographics prior to having a medical procedure. How would the patient complete this classification? Select all that apply: 1. White 2. Hispanic 3. Asian 4. Black 5. Other

Answer: 1 - white 1. A person is categorized as being White if they have origins among any of the original people of Europe. 2. A person who was born in Puerto Rico would be categorized as Hispanic. 3. An Asian is a person who has origins among any of the original people of the Far East. 4. A person who has roots among any of the original black racial groups of Africa would be categorized as Black. 5. The patient can be categorized as being White and Hispanic. The category of other would not apply for this patient.

A patient tells the nurse that she lives in Section 8 housing. The nurse realizes eligibility for this program is determined by which of the following? 1. Low-income guidelines. 2. Family size. 3. Geographic address. 4. Employment history.

Answer: 1,2 - low-income guidelines, family size 1. Low-income guidelines are used to determine if a person is eligible for Section 8 housing. 2. Family size is a factor for Section 8 housing. 3. Geographic address is not an indicator for Section 8 housing. 4. Employment history is not an indicator for Section 8 housing.

The nurse notices a larger number of foreign-born patients are being seen in the hospital. From which countries are the majority of foreign-born legal permanent residents? Select all that apply: 1. Mexico 2. China 3. India 4. Europe 5. South America

Answer: 1,2,3 - Mexico, China, India 1. The highest number of legal permanent residents originates from Mexico. 2. A significant number of legal permanent residents originates from China. 3. A significant number of legal permanent residents originates from India. 4. European legal permanent resident numbers have declined since 1970, and are no longer the majority; also, Europe is a continent, not a country. 5. South America is not the dominant area of birth for legal permanent residents and it is not a country—it is a continent.

Prior to completing an admission assessment, a foreign-born patient provides the nurse with a green card. What does this green card represent? Select all that apply: 1. Proof of legal permanent residency 2. All rights of a U.S. citizen with exceptions 3. Inability to vote 4. Restrictions to become a citizen 5. Automatic U.S. citizenship

Answer: 1,2,3 - proof of legal permanent residency, all rights of U.S citizens with exceptions, inability to vote 1. The green card allows the person permanent legal residency. 2. The green card allows the person to have all of the rights of a U.S. citizen with exceptions. 3. The green card allows the person to have all of the rights of a U.S. citizen except voting rights. 4. The green card allows the holder to apply for naturalization. 5. The green card does not confer automatic U.S. citizenship, but possession of a green card allows the resident to apply for naturalization.

Statistics for 2014 indicated that 14.8 million people were in poverty. What health implications can be drawn from this statistic? Select All That Apply. 1. The people run a higher risk of poor overall health status. 2. Public health clinics can provide preventive care. 3. Medicaid assistance can enable people to receive healthcare. 4. Increased funding for public health has resulted from these statistics.

Answer: 1,2,3 - the people run a higher risk of poor overall health status, public health clinics can provide preventive care, Medicaid assistance can enable people to receive healthcare 1. People living in poverty run a higher risk of having poorer overall health status because they may lack the medical care, nutritional intake, and other factors that contribute to better health. 2. Public health clinics are plentiful, and are always able to provide the preventive health care. 3. Medicaid assistance helps people in dire need receive health care. 4. Funding for public health has not increased as a result of statistics indicating people living in poverty.

The nurse desires employment in a metropolitan area with a high percentage of foreign-born legal residents. In which areas would the nurse consider employment? Select all that apply: 1. New York City 2. Los Angeles 3. Miami 4. Baltimore 5. Dallas

Answer: 1,2,3,4 - NYC, L.A, Miami, Baltimore 1. The highest percentage of legal foreign-born residents is in the Northeast, specifically in the New York, Northern New Jersey, and Long Island areas. 2. The Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Santa Ana metropolitan areas in Southern California are the second-highest metropolitan areas for legal permanent residents. 3. Miami and Fort Lauderdale rank the third-highest of metropolitan areas for legal permanent residents. 4. The mid-Atlantic areas of Washington, D.C., Maryland, and Virginia rank the fourth-highest of metropolitan areas for legal permanent residents. 5. Texas is not ranked as a leading metropolitan area for legal permanent residents.

What does the nurse identify as reasons why income influences health? Select all that apply: 1. Increases access to health care 2. Enables people to live in better neighborhoods 3. Enables people to afford better housing 4. Enables people to live in areas without environmental hazards 5. Reduces despair

Answer: 1,2,3,4 - increases access to healthcare, enables people to live in better neighborhoods, enables people to afford better housing, enables people to live in areas without environmental hazards 1. Income may be related to health, because it affects access to health care. 2. Income may be related to health, because it can enable people to live in better neighborhoods. 3. Income may be related to health, because it can enable people to afford better housing. 4. Income may be related to health, because it can enable people to reside in locations that are not near environmentally degraded locations. 5. There is no evidence to suggest that income reduces despair.

A foreign-born patient tells the nurse about preparing for the naturalization exam. What kinds of questions will be on this exam? Select all that apply: 1. Questions about the Constitution 2. Branches of the U.S. government 3. Which branch makes federal laws 4. The number of justices on the Supreme Court 5. Words of the U.S. national anthem

Answer: 1,2,3,4 - questions about the Constitution, branches of the U.S. government, which branch makes federal laws, the number of justices on the Supreme Court 1. The naturalization test includes questions about the U.S. Constitution. 2. The naturalization test includes questions about the branches of the U.S. government. 3. The naturalization test asks the question of who makes federal laws. 4. The naturalization test asks to identify the number of justices on the Supreme Court. 5. The naturalization test does not include questions about the words of the U.S. national anthem.

The nurse is trying to determine if a patient is a refugee. Which characteristics would the patient need to fulfill in order to be classified as a refugee? Select all that apply: 1. The person is outside the country of nationality. 2. The person is unable to return to the country of nationality because of persecution. 3. The person is unable to return to the country of nationality because of fear of persecution. 4. The person is outside of the country of last habitual residence. 5. The person is naturalized and owes allegiance to the United States.

Answer: 1,2,3,4 - the person is outside the country of nationality, the person is unable to return to the country of nationality because of persecution, the person is unable to return to the country of nationality because of fear of persecution, the person is outside of the country of last habitual residence 1. A refugee is a person who is outside of the country of nationality. 2. A refugee is any person who is unable to return to the country of nationality because of persecution. 3. A refugee is any person who is unable to return to the country of nationality because of a fear of persecution. 4. A refugee is a person who is outside of the country of last habitual residence. 5. A citizen is a person who is naturalized and owes allegiance to the United States.

A patient in the Emergency Department is concerned about the cost of treatment because of no financial income. What areas would the nurse include when assessing this patient? Select all that apply: 1. Preventive care 2. Nutritional status 3. Number of accidents 4. Shelter 5. Status of current immunizations

Answer: 1,2,3,4,5 - preventive care, nutritional status, number of accidents, shelter, status of current immunizations 1. The consequences of poverty include a lack of preventive care. 2. The consequences of poverty include poor nutrition. 3. The consequences of poverty include high accident rates. 4. Adequacy of shelter is an area that is impacted by poverty. 5. A person living in poverty does not receive needed healthcare, and may not have immunizations.

The healthcare organization is analyzing the demographics of its current patient population, and notes many patients are classifying themselves as members of many different groups. What is the challenge with comparing this data with previous years' information? 1. There is a considerable amount of data to review 2. This data cannot be compared to the data before 2000.. 3. The data does not clearly identify the patient's health care needs. 4. Does not help predict the length of stay for the average hospitalization

Answer: 2 - this data cannot be compared to data before 2000 : 1. The challenge with comparing this data with previous years' information is because the Census Bureau changed the reporting of race and Hispanic origin in 2000. It is unknown how much data needs to be reviewed. 2. In 2000, the Census Bureau changed the reporting of race and Hispanic origin. Data collected prior to 2000 does not contain this information. This organization will have difficulty comparing recent data with that collected before 2000. 3. Demographic information is not used to identify health care needs. 4. Demographic information is not used to help predict the length of stay for the average hospitalization.

Which criterion limits access to health care? 1. Transition programs for newly arrived legal residents 2. Employment opportunities 3. No public transportation 4. Advocacy groups for immigrants

Answer: 3 - No public transportation 1. Transition programs for newly arrived legal residents can help them to access healthcare. 2. Employment opportunities can translate into better economic opportunities, including healthcare and the availability to access it. 3. When there is no public transportation, access to healthcare is limited because people with limited incomes may not have private transportation. 4. Advocacy groups for immigrants can help newly arrived legal residents find healthcare.

According to the 2014 Census Bureau estimates, the population between the ages of 18 and 64 was 62.5%. What are the long-term implications for the health of this group? 1. Providing health care focused on gerontological needs 2. Developing medications to prolong life at any cost 3. Providing health insurance for all people. 4. Developing systems to provide healthcare only to those older citizens who remain healthy

Answer: 3 - providing health insurance for all people 1. Healthcare needs for this age group need to be focused on the unique aspects of gerontological health. The Boomer generation began turning 65 in 2011, and this age group is expected to become a dominant segment in the population. 2. Prolonging life at any cost through medication does not contribute to quality of life. 3. Providing health insurance for all groups is not specific to those 65 or older, as they have access to healthcare through Medicare. 4. Rationing healthcare to those who deserve it is against the American culture of healthcare.

The healthcare administrator is comparing the 2014 Census Bureau estimates with patient demographic data. Which cultural group represented 17.3% of the population in 2000? 1. American Indian and Alaskan Native 2. Asian 3. African American 4. Hispanic or Latino

Answer: 4 - Hispanic of Latino 1. American Indian and Alaskan Native heritage represented 0.8% of the population counted in the 2014 Estimates Census Bureau data. 2. Asian heritage represented 5.2% of the 2014 Census Bureau estimates. 3. African-American heritage represented 12.7% of the population counted in the 2014 Census Bureau estimates. 4. Hispanic or Latino heritage represented 17.3% of the population counted in the 2014 Census Bureau estimates.

While shifts in the population profile are occurring, what is an important consideration to address in health care? 1. Healthcare providers need to be younger to care for an aging population. 2. Healthcare needs to be streamlined for consistent care delivery. 3. More physicians need to be trained to deliver healthcare. 4. Cultural health needs of varying groups must be considered.

Answer: 4 - cultural health needs of varying groups must be considered 1. While the needs of an aging population will require additional healthcare providers, age is not a requisite to providing appropriate health care to population groups. 2. Consistent care delivery is a goal for all healthcare, but streamlining for "one size fits all" will not meet the healthcare needs of different population groups. 3. Additional physicians alone are not the answer to providing culturally sensitive healthcare. 4. In order to provide appropriate care to different groups, healthcare workers must show sensitivity to, and understanding of, various cultural differences and needs as population shifts occur.

2014 Census Bureau estimates indicated that 62.5% of the population was between 45 to 64 years of age. What health implications can be derived from this data? 1. There will not be a higher incidence of work-related injuries. 2. This population group will be the highest percentage over age 65. 3. There will be higher numbers of seniors receiving Medicare in five years. 4. This population will have higher rates of chronic diseases

Answer: 4 - this population will have higher rates of chronic disease 1. There may be a higher incidence of work-related injuries. 2. There is no indication this group will become the largest population group over age 65. 3. There is no indication Medicare numbers will rise in five years. 4. There is an expectation that chronic disease rates will increase for this age group.