CVP Exam 2

Features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy includes all the following except:

Mitochondrial anomalies

Sterile vegetations, myocarditis, and fibrinous pericarditis are associated with ...

Pancarditis of rheumatic fever

Irreversible pulmonary hypertension is least likely in ___

ASD

Which of the following entities is not a cyanosis heart disease?

ASD

Atherosclerotic obstruction is least likely to occur in which artery?

PDA

Many congenital heart defects cause a murmur. Which one is described as a "machine like?"

PDA

Person with rheumatoid arthritis likely to develop .....

PDA

Coughing or sneezing may cause a mild shunt from the right atrium to the left atrium in....

PFO

What are antischkow bodies?

Activated macrophages

Transposition of the great vessels is incompatible with life unless...

Also a ventricular septal defect

A 56-year old man reports reduced exercise tolerance over the past 5 years,. In the past year, he has noted chest pain after ascending a flight of stairs. He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day. On examination, he has a BP of 155/95 mmHg. His BMI is 30. Lab findings include a total serum cholesterol of 25 mg/dL with an HDl cholesterol of 22 mg/dL. Which of the following vascular abnormalities is he most likely to have?

Atherosclerosis

The congenital heart defect in which all four chambers of the heart are in communication with each other is known as;

Complete AV septal defect

T/F In coarctation of the aorta, there is hypertension in the LE.

False

T/F myocardial infarction or angina always precede sudden cardiac death

False

A 30-year-old patient with a congenital atrial septal defect has lived with the defect without significant problems until now. Which of the following is an indication that the patient is becoming hemodynamically symptomatic?

Exertional dyspnea

An infant is being prepared for surgical repair of a VSD. Which of the following problems will be prevented by closing the defect?

Failure to thrive

Cardiac disease is found in 20-40% of patients with longstanding crippling rheumatiod arthritis. Which of the following is the most common cardiac disease encountered in patients who have RA?

Fibrinous pericarditis

What are Aschoff bodies?

Focal inflammatory lesions found in all layers of the heart

Thick myocardial walls, small chamber site, and abnormal diastolic filling often due to genetic inheritance of abnormal sarcoma related proteins.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A 50-year old man with chronic alcoholism was hospitalized for congestive heart failure. The left ventricular ejection fraction was 35% and the heart appeared enlarged on radiographs. Myocardial biopsy was performed and the biopsy specimen most likely showered:

Hypertrophy of myocytes and interstitial fluid

The likely cause of infective endocarditis in which streptococcus viridans is involved, is...

IV drug abuse

Physiologic hypertrophy due to cardio exercise, differs from pathological hypertrophy in what way?

Increase in myocytes length

Atherosclerotic obstruction is most likely to occur in which artery?

LAD

A 53-year-old man has the sudden onset of chest pain. He is found to have high cardiac enzymes. A year later he has reduced exercise tolerance. He then experiences a transient ischemic attack. Thrombus formation involving which of the following locations is most likely to have put him at greatest risk for the TIA?

Left ventricle

Pulmonary congestion and edema are characteristic of....

Left-Sided congestied heart failure

Which is NOT a typical complication following an MI?

Malignant hypertension

The left AV valve leaflet is described as "balloon-Like" or "hooded" in ___

Mitral valve prolapse

The most common cause of sudden cardiac death, defined as occurring within 1 hour after onset of the first symptoms in a 50 year old man is

Myocardial ischemia

Characteristics of angina pectoris do NOT include

Myocyte damage

Non-ST-segment myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is associated with

Partial thickness damage to the myocardium

Which is NOT part of the tetralogy of fallout?

Patent foramen ovale

Irreversible pulmonary hypertension is least likely in ___

Persistent truncus arteriosus

In heart failure, the term "backward failure" is referring to what observation?

Pooling of blood in venous circulation

Least common type of ASD is:

Primum

Which of these lesions refers to; red patches in the fundus (retina) in patients with infective endocarditis?

Roth spots

Most common type of atrial septal defects is:

Secundum

A 75-year old man develops angina, has no history of coronary artery disease, nor rheumatic fever. Imaging and examination show heaped up calcified masses on the aortic valve. What is the likely diagnosis?

Senile calcification aortic stenosis

Stable angina, the most common form, is caused by

Stenosis of coronary arteries

Which congenital disorder exhibits a hypoplastic left atrium, but a normal left ventricle, and a PFO or an ASD?

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy include all the following except

The presence of mitochondrial anomalies

Select the right to left shunt

Transposition of the great vessels

T/F In Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, there is a diastolic dysfunction.

True

T/F Most infarcts become transmural

True

T/F most infarcts become transmural

True

The most common congenital heart malformation is ....

VSD

Select a change that is typical of an aging heart.

Valvular and annular calcification