Cyber

Define physical attack:

By conventional kinetic weapons against computers or transmission lines to disrupt equipment reliability

Define information warfare?

Terrorist use of the Internet and computers generally to communicate, recruit and publicize their goals and activities.

What is cyber-crime and what are examples of it?

- Crime that is enabled by, or that targets computers: - Can be crime, terrorism or both - Can involve: - Can involve theft of intellectual property, a violation of patent, trade secret or copyright laws - May include attacks against computers to deliberately disrupt processing

What can cyber-attacks do?

- Disrupt equipment and hardware reliability - Change processing logic - Steal or corrupt data

What was the instance of cyber warfare from WWII 2.0?

- Estonian government removed Soviet war memorial from Tallin then... - Cyber attack disabled websites of government, political parties, newspapers, banks - Cyber-assault by distributed denial of service attack - They blame Russia

What was the instance of cyber warfare from WWII 2.1?

- Georgia cyber attack - Cyber-assault by 'distributed denial of service attack' - Georgian government blamed Russia

What is the 'Slammer'

- Internet computer worm - Corrupted for five hours the computer control systems at the nuclear power plant in Ohio - Able to bypass firewall from corporate office connection

What are methods of cyber-attacks?

- Physical attack - Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) - Malicious code

How has the nature of terrorism changed over time since the 1990s?

- Rapid growth in Internet use give terrorists a large target with minimal costs - Cyber-terrorist attacks could have devastating impact on critical infrastructure, economy

What's SCADA?

- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition - The computers that monitor and regulate the operations of most critical infrastructure industries

What is cyber-terrorism?

- The convergence of cyberspace and terrorism - Unlawful attacks and threats against computers, networks and the information stored therein when done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people in furtherance of political or social objectives. - One aspect of broader category - 'information warfare'

Define EMP:

- To create an electronic attack directed against computer equipment or data transmissions - Disrupts equipment reliability and integrity of data by overheating/jamming communications

What is cyber-espionage?

- Unauthorized probing to test a target computer's configuration or evaluate its system defenses, or the unauthorized viewing and copying of data files. - Over 100 different foreign intelligence organizations regularly attempt to hack into our government's systems