D058 Health Literacy for the Client and Family

Case Example: Imagine you are a healthcare professional in a pediatric setting. During clinic one morning, a mother of one of your young patients tells you she insists on not vaccinating her child. Personally, you believe this is reckless and irresponsible, but there's no law in your state against not vaccinating children. What should care coordinators tell the patient's mother?

"As the parent of the child, this is your decision to make, and I will respect that. However, I need to tell you that these vaccines have been shown to be safe and effective, with a much lower risk of adverse effects than actually contracting the disease they're designed to prevent. I ask that you take the time to consider your decision, and if you still choose to forgo the vaccinations, I will note that in the medical record." The patient [in this case, the patient's parent] is at her own stage of moral development, and despite your opposition to her decision, as a healthcare professional you must respect that she is in charge of her own care decisions.

A health service coordinator (HSC) is conducting initial assessments on a Christian transgender patient new to care at the facility. Which question is appropriate for the HSC to inquire of the patient?

"By which pronoun do you prefer to be addressed?" In asking the patient to identify the preferred pronoun, the HSC is taking action that will help deepen the connection with the patient.

The healthcare coordinator is working with the interprofessional healthcare team during the decision-making process with a patient who has a substance abuse disorder. The patient is hesitant to agree to the treatment plan because of being in jeopardy of losing his job and home. Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which question should the healthcare coordinator ask to assess the patient's safety needs?

"Can you tell me about your current living situation?" The patient is unable to make a decision to move ahead with treatment because of being focused on safety needs. The patient expresses concern about impending challenges with financial and physical security.

The healthcare coordinator is talking to a patient with emphysema. The patient has decreased tobacco usage from one pack to three individual cigarettes per day. However, the patient admits a reluctance to give up tobacco usage entirely. Which statement reflects motivational interviewing?

"I see that you have been working hard to quit smoking." This statement increases the patient's self-confidence which will help them to continue working to change.

The healthcare coordinator is caring for a Veteran with diabetes. The patient's HbA1c levels tested high. The patient has been busy preparing for his son's wedding and has not been taking the insulin as prescribed. The healthcare coordinator encourages the patient to stick to the shared goals of the care plan. Which statement reflects the whole health approach?

"Keeping your blood sugar down will help you to be ready to attend your son's wedding." This statement is appropriate using the whole health approach because it uses the patient's shared goal to improve adherence to the plan.

The healthcare coordinator is discussing care treatment for a patient recently diagnosed with breast cancer with the patient and the patient's mother. The patient's mother does not want her daughter to undergo chemotherapy. Which question should the healthcare coordinator ask to promote shared decision-making?

"Which of these potential side effects worries you the most?" The coordinator is assessing the patient and family member's values and preferences to guide the patient to make an effective decision about treatment.

How does a patient's level of education impact how they perceive their health and how to maintain any health conditions they may have? How do past experiences impact how a patient perceives healthcare?

A patient's level of education is associated with health literacy, exposure to healthcare-related terms and treatments, and personal values and expectations concerning how to manage one's health. Many patients with little education may be unaware of treatment options available, or may be distrustful of providers because of other social inequities they may have experienced. Assessments like REALM may be very helpful in determining pateints' health literacy level and the resources they may need in order to understand their health conditions and what treatment options they may have available. Patients may wish to be referred to providers with a similar background or have language proficiencies to better meet their needs.

A healthcare coordinator is working with a healthcare team to find an intervention for a patient who is not responding to current medication treatment for hypertension using evidence-based practice (EBP) process. The team is discussing several research articles that promote different medication interventions. Which research should the healthcare coordinator and the team use to guide the selection of an intervention in EBP implementation for the patient?

A systematic review article about several hypertension medication trials. Meta-analysis and systematic reviews present the most credible evidence in EBP research. EBP requires using the best and highest-quality research to apply to guide the selection of interventions for a patient.

10-item questionnaire that screens for harmful alcohol consumption

AUDIT AUDIT, or the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, is a 10-item questionnaire that screens for harmful alcohol consumption.

A child who takes on new information into his or her conceptual schema to reframe thoughts and ideas over time is performing:

Accommodation Accommodation is the cognitive development process of taking new experiences that are unlike prior experiences and using that information to reframe one's thoughts and ideas over time.

How can a care team cultivate cultural respect for their patients?

Acquire knowledge of the other cultures while understanding their own personal cultures, acknowledge each other's cultural differences, and view each other's behaviors within a cultural context. All of these are ways to help care teams tailor their engagement strategies to their patients.

Which stage in the stages of engagement model represents the decision stage?

Action The action stage is the decision stage during which clients chooses the best option for themselves.

Coordinated care plan for young person whose sense of "invincibility," along with bipolar disorder has led to destructive behaviors

Adolescence Coordinated care plan for young person whose sense of "invincibility," along with bipolar disorder has led to destructive behaviors is the adolescence target period.

A healthcare team leader is attempting to raise the morale of staff who are stressed and overworked. Which leadership style should be used in this situation?

Affiliative This leadership style boosts morale and increases harmony.

Which leadership style focuses on relationships, giving emotional support to team members, and making connections?

Affiliative Style The affiliative style is about acting as an affiliate, making connections and building relationships throughout their organization. The focus is to create a more harmonious workplace where everyone knows and works well with each other.

A healthcare facility experienced a breach in security when an unauthorized user accessed protected health information (PHI). How can the healthcare coordinator comply with the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) act?

Alert patients that PHI was compromised. The HITECH act requires that patients be notified in the event of a security breach resulting in the PHI being compromised.

To rely on the first information received when making decisions

Anchoring Bias Anchoring biases are when individuals rely on the first information received when making decisions.

Relying on the first information received when making decisions is known as what type of bias?

Anchoring bias. An anchoring bias means that the first information received is what is believed and used to make decisions.

Many patients of a behavioral health facility live in a rural area, far from the facility. A healthcare coordinator is implementing processes to better serve this population. How can the healthcare coordinator create efficient practices with attention to privacy for patients who live in rural areas?

Arrange for video conference updates to monitor the patients' status. By arranging for secure video conferencing with patients that live in rural area, the healthcare coordinator can make good use of technology to provide efficient, cost-effective care that is convenient for patients and providers. Encryption provides security, which allows patients to consult with healthcare providers in the home setting.

After two Muslim patients missed several appointments with a particular medical provider, the care coordinator asked each patient if there is an issue with the provider. In each case, the patients described behaviors displayed by the provider that demonstrated culturally-insensitivity towards the patient's religious beliefs. Which action should the care coordinator take?

Ask additional Muslim patients to provide opinions to inform further actions. Soliciting opinions from other patients will help the coordinator to understand and to determine the best course of action for both the patients and the provider.

A patient is discharged from the hospital after having a heart attack and is having trouble adhering to the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor. The health services coordinator would like to improve adherence by modifying patient beliefs. Which action meets this goal?

Assessing perceived susceptibility, benefit, and barriers For interventions that are complex and require lifestyle modifications, it is worthwhile to address patient beliefs, intentions, and self-efficacy. This action is taken because knowledge alone is not sufficient to enhance adherence for complex behavioral changes.

A community's health goal was to increase the proportion of low-income children and adolescents who received preventative dental care during the previous year. After reviewing collected data, it was determined that a specific group's appointment rate had declined from the previous year, while all other groups showed improved rates. Which step of the evidence-based practice (EBP) cycle is being used to make this determination?

Audit The audit step of EBP provided the information necessary to make this determination.

Assessment of the characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression; may be self-administered prior to visit with a clinical provider

BDI BDI, or Beck's Depression Inventory, is an assessment of the characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression; may be self-administered prior to visit with a clinical provider.

Assessment of one's ability to repeat and recall information; administered by a social worker

BIMS BIMS, or the Brief Interview for Mental Status, is an assessment of one's ability to repeat and recall information; administered by a social worker.

Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempted form of validation

Bandwagon Bias Bandwagon bias is appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempted form of validation.

Being less likely to detect bias within self than others

Blindspot Bias Blindspot bias is being less likely to detect bias within self than others.

The concept that small causes can have large effects

Butterfly Effect

The health service coordinator (HSC) is working with an 18-year-old patient who desires to be treated like an adult. How can the HSC meet this patient's need?

By allowing the patient to set and attend provider appointments alone. According to Erikson's 8 stages of psychosocial development, this patient is in the identify stage. By allowing the patient to set and attend provider appointments alone, this appeals to the need for the patient to establish identity.

The health service coordinator (HSC) is discussing a care plan with a Jehovah's Witness family for their teen-age son who suffers from sickle-cell anemia. The family accepts all treatment options, except blood transfusions. Personally, the HSC does not agree with this decision. With a strong sense of commitment to quality of care, how can the HSC show this family respect and dignity?

By asking for the family's opinions and listening to the family's concerns. The HSC understands that all human beings have the basic right to receive respect and dignity. The family has the right to make choices governed by conscience. By asking for the family's opinions and then listening to their concerns, the HSC demonstrates that feelings and beliefs that are different or conflict with his or her own are important to understand and respect.

The health service coordinator (HSC) is working with a patient who is unable to pay for prescribed medications. The patient has a good job but does not have a good insurance plan. The patient also suffers from anxiety and paranoia and spends much time deliberating every possible outcome before making decisions. As a result, the patient is non-compliant with the care plan. How does the HSC use Occam's Razor to help the patient decide what to do?

By asking leading questions to draw the patient to decide upon a simple, doable course of action. This is an example of a line of questioning using the Occam's Razor model. The HSC understands that this patient over analyzes situations and has the tendency to procrastinate in making decisions because of spending too much time in factoring and disproving all possible scenarios. Asking leading questions will help the patient to reflect upon the fact that it is to no avail to waste time reviewing every possible scenario. The HSC must lead the patient to understand that simple, direct solutions are often very productive in achieving results, even in challenging situations.

How does Dr. Eric Topol predict AI could reduce ethical dilemmas in healthcare?

By improving quality time with clients and reducing errors Dr. Topol predicts healthcare will adopt voice recognition software to eliminate the need to type in everything while talking with clients and will help reduce errors.

The health service coordinator (HSC) is talking to a patient with low health literacy. Before the patient can agree to the care plan, the patient must be educated on the importance of care plan interventions and how to administer self-injections. Which critical thinking construct can the HSC use to promote patient understanding?

By using interpretation When providing patient education to an individual with low health literacy, it is wise to communicate using interpretation. Using this method, the HSC helps the patient to categorize, decode the significance of and to clarify the meaning of care plan interventions and procedures.

Assessment for determining alcohol addiction/dependence; may be self-administered or as part of a clinical interview

CAGE The CAGE assessment for alcoholism is an assessment for determining alcohol addiction/dependence; may be self-administered or as part of a clinical interview.

Which disciplinary standards fit care coordinators most closely?

Case Managers The roles and responsibilities of case managers are quite similar to care coordination, and standards are well suited to both.

What national agency now regulates the administration of the HIPAA Act (Law) in healthcare?

Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) The CMS Division of National Standards, on behalf of HHS, is launching the Compliance Review Program to ensure compliance among covered entities with the HIPAA Administrative Simplification rules for electronic healthcare transactions.

What incentive program helps to support health literacy in people living with chronic diseases?

Chronic Care Management This incentive program provides funding for supplementary services that support client education and shared care planning with the health team.

Which of the following qualify as examples of critical thinking skills? (Select all that apply)

Clarify problems, Raise significant questions, Detect bias, Analyze actions All of these skills are acceptable examples of critical thinking skills.

Critical thinking is purposeful thinking and requires the use of standards such as:

Clarity and fairness. Clarity and fairness are the two standards associated with critical thinking.

A health services coordinator is developing an educational intervention to improve health literacy and is reading evidence-based practices (EBPs) on the topic. Which factor should be the focus of this investigation?

Client needs and perspectives Evidence-based practice on the topic of improving health literacy is focused on meeting the client needs and addressing the client's perspective.

According to Turner (2014) what is the process of combining research evidence, clinical expertise, and the inclusion of client preferences and values called?

Clinical Reasoning Turner stated "The process of integrating all of this information is known as clinical reasoning. When you consider all of these four elements in a way that allows you to make decisions about the care of a patient, you are engaging in EBP" (Turner, 2014, Introduction section, p. 1).

Which aspect of EBP includes practitioner wisdom?

Clinical expertise Clinical expertise is stronger when practitioner wisdom is evident and applied.

What are additional professional credentials (with degree requirement) that an HSC could continue their education and pursue?

Clinical practice (nursing), Case management (as a case manager or social worker), Healthcare information technology and informatics, Healthcare risk management and legal compliance

What must an intervention have to be suitable for EBP application to practice?

Clinical significance Without clinical significance to the client(s) and practice setting, an intervention cannot be suitable for EBP application to practice.

What is the most secure way to ensure case management systems are HIPAA compliant?

Cloud-based storage Encrypted data that is stored on secure cloud servers (and not on devices) with continual monitoring by technology staff is the safest way to meet HIPAA compliance.

Tendencies to think in certain ways that can lead to systematic deviations from a standard of rationality or good judgments

Cognitive Biases

Availability, affect, association, simulation, and similarity

Cognitive heuristics of System 1 Availability, affect, association, simulation, and similarity are cognitive heuristics of System 1.

During an intense discussion about the care plan, the health service coordinator (HSC) expresses humanity and kindness in response to a patient's mental and emotional pain. Which core value is the HSC exhibiting?

Compassion When exhibiting compassion, the HSC takes the time to display sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings of the patient. In this way, the HSC is building a good rapport for shared decision-making and future adherence to the care plan.

A healthcare coordinator is working with colleagues at a hospital facility that experiences high re-hospitalization rates of patients with chronic diseases. The facility is understaffed, so the staff must work mandatory overtime. Which result is an impact of chronic disease at the micro level on the healthcare staff?

Compassion fatigue Compassion fatigue is a type of caregiver or health professional burnout that can result from excessive exposure to patients with chronic illnesses. It is a physical and mental condition experienced by those that care for these patients at the micro level and results in a gradual lessening of compassion and empathy for patients, co-workers, and family and friends.

A healthcare organization participates in Medicare and Medicaid. State laws and accreditation requirements are in conflict with retention times of medical records set by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. How does the organization maintain compliance?

Comply with the most stringent standard Following the strictest standard ensures compliance with all standards.

A home health agency discovered that several nurses have been deceived by a phishing email that appeared legitimate but was actually sent by an unknown party. The email message was designed to encourage recipients to disclose their email account usernames and passwords. The nurses' responses then gave unauthorized parties access to patient information. The agency needs to take immediate action to improve electronic security. Which action should the agency take to meet this goal?

Conduct employee training with mock phishing scenarios Employee training is needed to prevent recipients from being fooled by these emails.

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that affirms one's prior beliefs or hypotheses

Confirmation Bias Confirmation biases are when the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that affirms one's prior beliefs or hypotheses.

The health service coordinator (HSC) is discussing treatment options with a patient who is clinically depressed. After reviewing the provider recommended medication schedule, the patient expresses apprehension about making a decision to move forward. After further discussion, the patient agrees to research the risks versus benefits regarding the treatment options. At which stage of engagement has the HSC been successful in getting this patient to?

Consideration The patient is researching different treatment options and weighing the pros and cons of each, which is the consideration stage of engagement.

A healthcare coordinator is arranging for the care of a patient following discharge from the hospital. The patient will require home oxygen support and asks the healthcare coordinator to suggest a reliable medical equipment company. How can the healthcare coordinator use evidence-based practice (EBP) to coordinate care to meet the patient's needs?

Contact a company that has provided similar patients with satisfactory service. The health professional's experience and judgment from past experience with similar patients or situations is important for applying evidence to practice. EBP relies on the healthcare coordinator's practice expertise as one of the main aspects of care.

A patient tells a healthcare coordinator that there is an error on the patient's medical record, and the patient requests that it be removed. How can the healthcare coordinator comply with HIPAA regulations to resolve the error?

Contact the patient's physician to approve the change. According to HIPAA regulations, a patient can request a medical record be amended, or changed, but a physician must approve the change.

Which Palliative Care Principle includes a focus on care planning meetings with the team and client/family?

Coordinated care This principle includes a focus on care planning meetings, where all team members can contribute, and views and preferences of the client and family are presented, to develop a plan of care for the client.

In the United States, diabetes rates have nearly doubled in the past 20 years and are expected to increase. What is the impact at the macro level of healthcare?

Costs of healthcare are rising for all patients. Close to 90% of the annual US healthcare budget is spent on care for people with chronic and mental health disorders. Rising rates of chronic diseases, like diabetes, results in macro-level impacts that cause the cost of healthcare to rise for all patients.

A health services coordinator inadvertently enters incorrect documentation in the electronic medical record (EMR) of a hospitalized patient. Which step should be taken to maintain EMR accuracy in this situation?

Create an addendum in the EMR with the correct information The correct way to ensure EMR accuracy in this situation is for the coordinator to create an addendum with the correct information. This addendum can then be linked to the record.

How could using risk scores in population or primary care help health professionals work with clients to choose the best actions for their own health?

Creating risk scores based on lab testing, biometric data, claims data, patient-generated health data, and the social determinants of health can give healthcare providers insight into which individuals might benefit from enhanced services or wellness activities.

Besides offering interpreters/translators, how can health professionals reduce health literacy barriers for clients with limited English proficiency?

Cultural competency Cultural competency addresses the cultural aspects of health literacy.

Traditions that impact care decisions and care delivery, that have value to both a patient and their family are influenced or driven by this patient factor

Culture

A health services coordinator is engaged in a conversation with a client to determine the client's needs. The coordinator asks the client questions to gather additional information. Which characteristics are being demonstrated by the coordinator's actions?

Curious and inquisitive Asking questions shows a curious and inquisitive mindset. This characteristic is needed to obtain the information from the client that will inform coordination of care.

A terminally-ill patient has an advance directive in place, which requests that a physician should not take extraordinary measures to prolong life. Recently, the patient was admitted to the hospital due to breathing difficulties. Suddenly, the patient undergoes cardiac arrest. Which aspect of the patient's advance directive should be followed to comply with the patient's wishes?

DNR order The DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order should be followed to comply with the patient's wishes to not take extraordinary measures to prolong her life.

Assessment that consists of questions that assess 13 different psychiatric disorder categories, based on the frequency of various symptoms over a two-week period

DSM-5 DSM-5, or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, is an assessment that consists of questions that assess 13 different psychiatric disorder categories, based on the frequency of various symptoms over a two-week period.

What precaution must be taken by healthcare organizations to ensure day-to-day protection of personal health information?

Data backup plan The backup plan must be done regularly. The data must be encrypted, access to the data must be monitored, and the restoration protocol must be outlined.

What type of adaptation involve changes based on cultural, social, historical, environmental, and psychological factors?

Deep structure Deep structure adaptations involve changes based on deeper cultural, social, historical, environmental, and psychological factors that influence the health behaviors of members of the targeted population.

How is PIH protected when uploaded to the IBM Watson Cloud?

Deidentification All client personal identifiers are stripped from the data before being added to the IBM Watson Cloud.

Which Chronic Care Model component includes providing a care coordinator for clients with chronic diseases?

Delivery System Design Care coordination would be a delivery system design innovation.

A healthcare coordinator is working with a healthcare team to implement an intervention for a patient who has severe depression. The healthcare provider researches a study that has successfully used a medication to treat similar patients with depression. How can the healthcare coordinator evaluate the evidence-based practice (EBP) process for adaptation to the patient's needs?

Determine if the medication is covered by the patient's insurance. Taking into account the patient's situation, individual needs, and values can assist the healthcare coordinator to evaluate the EBP process for areas of adaptation. This includes discussing with the patient the financial responsibilities, including insurance coverage, associated with the medications in the research study in order to adapt the process to the patient's financial needs.

What is the greatest challenge of employer-based training?

Determining the best way to deliver training to a variety of audiences during work time while minimally impacting workflow and patient-care activities and Can immediately apply what you've learned to your job as a Health Service Coordinator

The healthcare coordinator and the healthcare provider are reviewing the results of a PHQ-9 assessment test. Which diagnostic criterion outlined in the DSM-5 implicates an official diagnosis of depression?

Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day is a criterion outlined in the DSM-5 implicating an official diagnosis of depression.

A teenage single mother of two small children has just been admitted into the domestic violence shelter. The health service coordinator (HSC) has met with this individual and is making arrangements to address her need for security. Understanding Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which action should the HSC take?

Direct the individual to Goodwill Industries to learn a skill and qualify for a job Goodwill Industries is one of the leading non-profits to partner with for helping individuals to learn and develop work skills and in finding a job. They offer education, job opportunities, skills enhancement and training programs. Enrolling in this program will address this teenager's need for security, helping her to become financially able to provide for her family's needs.

A patient has been admitted to a hospital with a new diagnosis of hypertension. The health services coordinator would like to motivate the patient and family in shared decision-making. Which action would encourage this?

Discuss treatment options with patient and family In shared decision-making, the healthcare professionals and the patient work together to create a plan of care.

A healthcare coordinator works at a hospital facility in an area of health professional shortage and low-income patients. The healthcare coordinator is implementing an EBP program to assist patients to utilize home health care providers following discharge to improve outcomes and prevent re-hospitalization. How can the healthcare coordinator educate patients about the value of the EBP program to encourage participation following discharge?

Discuss with patients the improved outcomes of home health care following discharge. In underserved areas where populations have a health professional shortage and patients are low-income, patients may be hesitant to participate because of a lack of understanding for and experience with home healthcare. By educating patients about the benefits of home health visits to improve outcomes following hospital discharge, the patient is better able to understand the need that relates to the value of the EBP to improve access to care.

Fairness in the distribution of rights or resources

Distributive Justice

A thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions

Divergent Thinking

A theory that suggests when an individual settles on a particular option, which is good enough, they tend to elevate the merits and diminish the flaws relative to other options.

Dominance Structure Dominance Structure is a theory that suggests when an individual settles on a particular option, which is good enough, they tend to elevate the merits and diminish the flaws relative to other options.

Relatively unskilled persons suffer illusory superiority, mistakenly assessing their ability to be much higher than it really is...[and] highly skilled individuals may underestimate their relative competence and may erroneously assume that tasks which are easy for them are also easy for others

Dunning-Kruger Effect

Which advanced directive component is a legal document naming a healthcare proxy for a client?

Durable power of attorney for health care A durable power of attorney for health care is a legal document naming a healthcare proxy, someone to make medical decisions for a client at times when they are unable to do so.

Notes health-related data that must be gathered from the patient during initial interview

EHR Checklist The EHR Checklist, or Electronic Health Record, notes health-related data that must be gathered from the patient during initial interview.

Which motivational theory was created to streamline Maslow's theory?

ERG theory The ERG theory was developed in response to Maslow's many levels of needs and condensed these to three levels: ERG (existence, relatedness, and growth).

Individuals in this stage of physical development may be at their peak physiologically, but also at highest risk for involvement in a violent crime or substance abuse.

Early adulthood Individuals in early adulthood may be focused on work and other pursuits, but are at highest risk for involvement in these two risky behaviors.

SBIRT care plan for 27-year-old with substance abuse challenges

Early adulthood SBIRT care plan for 27-year-old with substance abuse challenges is the early adulthood development target period.

Assuming that an association between two variables on a group level is also true on an individual level.

Ecological Fallacy

Assuming that an association between two variables on a group level is also true on an individual level best defines

Ecological Fallacy. An ecological fallacy assumes associations between two variables on a group level is true on the individual level.

A healthcare worker is caring for a migrant patient with alcoholism. The patient states that he is depressed because he is unable to support his family. The healthcare worker suspects that the family's needs for food, shelter, and income are not being met. Which communication tool is effective to assess if the family's needs are being met?

Ecomap Ecomaps are graphical representation showing all of the systems at play within an individual's life. Ecomaps are used in individual and family counseling. They are especially useful for migrant and refugee families to get a detailed picture of needs for food, shelter, and income as well as social and family relationships.

Wraparound care plan for 1-year-old child with a complex medical and behavioral health disorder

Elementary Wraparound care plan for 1-year-old child with a complex medical and behavioral health disorder is the elementary development target period.

A healthcare coordinator implements a text messaging service for patients to communicate with providers. How can the healthcare coordinator ensure the efficient use of mobile technology with attention to security?

Encrypt text messages that are sent to patients' mobile devices. Encryption of text messages ensures that any personal health information is being sent securely. It greatly reduces the risk of privacy and security breaches and complies with HIPAA regulations.

A healthcare coordinator is auditing the risk management procedure for storage of patient electronic medical record (EMR) data. How should the healthcare coordinator ensure the data is stored to maintain accuracy of the EMRs?

Encrypted to be stored off-site EMR data should be stored in encrypted form and off-site, such as in cloud storage. This provides security and prevents the loss of patient data in the event of computer theft or corruption and loss due to a disaster.

What is a key characteristic of HIPAA-compliant platforms?

Encryption Encryption of all personal health information across all platforms is vital for HIPAA compliance.

Which of the following are benefits of critical thinking? (Select all that apply)

Enhancing knowledge and skills, Minimizing avoidable harm to patients, Recognizing errors as learning opportunities, Avoiding cognitive biases, Making accurate predictions All of these skills are benefits of critical thinking.

A healthcare facility is implementing new case management software that the healthcare coordinator will use to access patient electronic medical records (EMRs). How can the healthcare coordinator maintain HIPAA compliance while using the software?

Ensure encrypted data is stored on secured cloud servers. Encrypted data that is stored remotely on secure cloud servers with continual monitoring by technology staff meets HIPAA compliance regulations.

HSC recounts a client's progress with his alcohol treatment, celebrates his success with sobriety, and encourages him during follow-up calls

Esteem needs HSC recounting a client's progress with his alcohol treatment, celebrating his success with sobriety, and encouraging him during follow-up calls is the esteem needs level.

When considering critical thinking, the sub-skills of judging credibility, comparing strengths and weaknesses,and determining credibility are part of which cognitive skill?

Evaluation Evaluation uses the sub-skills of judging credibility, comparing strengths and weaknesses, determining credibility.

To assess the credibility of claims and the quality of arguments made using inductive or deductive reasoning is

Evaluation To assess the credibility of claims and the quality of arguments made using inductive or deductive reasoning is evaluation.

A coordinator working with an opposite gender patient of similar age has noticed that the patient endeavors to touch the coordinator frequently during meetings, and has become flirtatious. At the end of a meeting, the patient grabs the coordinator for a full-body hug, which lasts longer than the coordinator is comfortable with. Which action should the coordinator take?

Explain the importance of maintaining physical boundaries. Respectfully addressing the importance of maintaining physical boundaries will help the patient see the errors in these behaviors without unnecessary humiliation.

An elderly patient wants to be included in conversations concerning her care, rather than having her care discussed with family members in front of her.

Expressing autonomy An elderly patient who wants to be included in conversations concerning her care, rather than having her care discussed with family members in front of her is expressing autonomy.

A teenage patient wants to begin setting and attending provider appointments on her own.

Expressing identity A teenage patient who wants to begin setting and attending provider appointments on her own is expressing identity.

A terminal patient calmly gathers her family to go over her living will and power of attorney so her family won't have to worry about anything when she is no longer living.

Expressing integrity A terminal patient who calmly gathers her family to go over her living will and power of attorney so her family won't have to worry about anything when she is no longer living is expressing integrity.

A patient who loses his job begins to withdraw from his family, his confidence decreases, and he falls into depression.

Expressing isolation A patient who loses his job begins to withdraw from his family, his confidence decreases, and he falls into depression is expressing isolation.

A patient who constantly seeks multiple "second opinions" due to skepticism about information provided by members of the care team.

Expressing mistrust A patient who constantly seeks multiple "second opinions" due to skepticism about information provided by members of the care team is expressing mistrust.

A healthcare coordinator is working with a healthcare team to implement an evidence-based practice (EBP) program to improve access of care to children of migrant workers. The program is based on a research study of migrant worker healthcare. What can the healthcare coordinator analyze to guide the selection of practices to fit the needs of the population?

External factors that influence the adoption of the EBP into patient care Evidence-Based Practice requires that decisions about health care are based on the best available, current, valid and relevant evidence, as well as take into account external factors, or macro drivers, that influence adoption or implementation of EBP into patient care. An analysis of these factors affecting migrant workers, can accomplish this.

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning cultural drivers of care methods?

Eye contact and physical touch are universal and members of the care team should seek opportunities to use these methods to better connect with patients. This is not a true statement. Eye contact and physical touch may be common in some cultures but considered offensive in others, so care teams should learn from patients concerning their cultural preferences and norms in these areas.

What standard did the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services release to support interoperability and security of mobile and digital technologies?

FHIR Standard The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource, or FHIR® standard, is one of the most popular protocols for joining disparate systems together to promote interoperability and seamlessly share health information.

An intellectual mistake in which one fails to distinguish between certain devices, such as psychological persuasion, and factual evidence that supports an assertion is known as a:

Fallacy Intellectual mistakes are fallacies.

Critical thinking can be achieved through memorization.

False

Critical thinking is the second most important outcome in education today.

False

The process of forming reflective, quickly reasoned evaluations about what others have done or should do is known as critical thinking.

False

Presuming that a real or perceived relationship between things means that one is the cause of the other

False Cause

Which describes an advantage of CBT?

Flexibility of content allows training to be administered online using an LMS. CBT may be integrated into activities that an employee is already performing on the job, or allows the flexibility of self-directed delivery using an LMS. Trainings administered on learning management systems may also be designed with follow-up simulations and training activities that measure learning.

A healthcare coordinator is planning care for a patient who has hypertension, type II diabetes, osteoarthritis, and depression. Which impact of chronic illnesses needs to be avoided while coordinating care for this patient?

Fragmented care Patients with multiple chronic illness or conditions often are impacted by fragmented care. Healthcare coordinators should carefully coordinate care between providers to provide holistic care that meets the patient's needs and supports the best outcomes.

A healthcare coordinator is arranging care for an adolescent with an opioid addiction. The patient's parents are divorced and the patient's biological father also has a substance abuse disorder. The patient, his mother, and stepfather are attending family therapy. Which communication tool is appropriate to identify this patient's destructive behavior patterns?

Genogram A genogram is a pictorial display of a patient's medical conditions, age, family relationship, and cause of death. Genograms are often used in family therapy to identify a patient's destructive patterns of behavior as well as medical risk factors.

If an online discussion (regardless of topic or scope) goes on long enough, sooner or later someone will compare someone or something to Hitler or Nazism

Godwin's Law

What is an example of an administrative safeguard for HIPAA compliance?

HIPAA staff training Staff training is a requirement for HIPAA compliance that is considered an administrative safeguard.

A patient has been waiting for more than an hour for a provider appointment. The patient complains and assumes that the provider does not care. The health service coordinator (HSC) has been called to speak to this unhappy patient. What mental model should the HSC use to help this patient?

Hanlon's Razor This states that a person should never attribute malice to anything that can more likely be explained by carelessness.

A health services coordinator is determining discharge needs with a patient visiting from another country. The patient has limited English speaking ability, and the coordinator would like to use the REALM-R assessment tool before progressing. Which factor is being tested by the coordinator?

Health literacy The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, Revised (REALM-R) is a brief screening instrument used to assess an adult patient's health literacy by reviewing their ability to read common medical words.

Which SDOH impacts a patient's ability to gain access to linguistically and culturally competent providers?

Healthcare System Healthcare systems have a responsibility to ensure that providers have training to be linguistically and culturally competent, be sensitive to patients' cultural values, and ensure that both assessments and treatments are administered so that cultural factors do not negatively impact assessment results or treatment options.

A healthcare coordinator at a community health clinic identifies a need for skin cancer screenings in the community. The healthcare coordinator is planning on working with the clinic and the community to implement an evidence-based practice (EBP) process to screen clinic patients. How can the healthcare coordinator educate the community about the value of the EBP to improve collaboration during the EBP process?

Help the community members to understand the need for the skin cancer screenings in their community. Community participation in EBP needs to occur early on in the process, beginning with an understanding of the identified clinical need, to facilitate collaboration throughout the process. Education about the need for the skin cancer screenings in the community will help the community members to understand the value of the EBP process being implemented.

Satisficing, risk/loss aversion, anchoring with adjustments, and illusion of control

Heuristics and biases of System 2 Satisficing, risk/loss aversion, anchoring with adjustments, and the illusion of control are all heuristics and biases of System 2.

The tendency to misconstrue personal influence or responsibility for past events

Hindsight Bias The tendency to misconstrue personal influence or responsibility for past events is known as hindsight bias.

A patient with heart failure has been rapidly declining despite medical treatment and is now unable to perform activities of daily living. The patient has rejected curative treatment. Which community resource is a good option for this patient?

Hospice care The patient is in rapid decline and is refusing curative treatment. Hospice care should be explored.

An acronym used to promote a 5-step critical thinking general problem-solving process

IDEAS IDEAS is an acronym used to promote a 5-step critical thinking general problem-solving process.

The acronym used to promote a 5-step critical thinking general problem-solving process:

IDEAS IDEAS is the acronym used to promote a 5-step critical thinking general problem-solving process.

Assessment originally designed to help identify children in need of special education; a high percentage of individuals with high scores may report anxiety or mood disorders

IQ Test IQ, or the Intelligence uotient test, is an assessment originally designed to help identify children in need of special education; a high percentage of individuals with high scores may report anxiety or mood disorders.

A healthcare facility with a large Medicare patient population is implementing new care coordination software that healthcare coordinators can use for reimbursement from The Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS). How does the software assist with maximizing reimbursement?

Identifies gaps in claim code capture Codes impacting performance often get missed during the claim coding process. Level of performance will impact the facility's reimbursement level, so it is important that the software identify and address any gaps in code capture.

An adolescent requests for friends to visit during her hospitalization. The health services coordinator explains to the parents that it is common for children of this age to want friends to visit. Which Erikson developmental stage supports the information given to the parents?

Identity v. role confusion Identity v. role confusion is the developmental stage for those ages 13 to 21. During this period, the social relationships established with peers take on great importance.

A 56-year-old patient was recently diagnosed with Lou Gehrig's disease. The patient has anger, anxiety, insomnia, and exhaustion in response to the situation. Which condition is being experienced by this patient?

Illness-related stress The stress associated with a chronic and progressive disease can result in the symptoms exhibited by the patient in this scenario.

A patient presented to the emergency department (ED) with weakness and a staggered gait. The healthcare services coordinator at the ED is familiar with the patient who struggles with alcohol addiction. Based on this information, a urine drug screen was performed along with other labs. The drug screen was negative, but the blood glucose level was abnormally low. Which decision-making cognitive skill of the coordinator delayed the treatment of this patient?

Inference Inference is attributing a reason to a situation based on past experience. Relying solely on past experience may cloud judgment and delay treatment.

A patient verbalizes to the health services coordinator that she intends to physically harm her spouse. Which action should the health services coordinator take?

Inform police of the threat made by the patient The law of your jurisdiction (either the state or federal government) will define the exact professionals who are bound by the psychotherapist-patient privilege "duty to warn." The police would assist with this process.

To comprehend and express the meaning or significance of a wide variety of experiences, situations, data, events, judgments, conventions, beliefs, rules, procedures, or criteriaTo categorize, decode significance, and clarify meaning are skills used in

Interpretation To categorize, decode significance, and clarify meaning are skills used in interpretation.

Failing to treat a belief or conclusion as a hypothesis requiring scrutiny

Jumping to Conclusions

A patient's level of education, English proficiency and ability to process information verbally and in writing concerning the healthcare and the medication they have been prescribed are influenced by this patient factor

Language Skills/proficiency

Care plan for terminally ill patient experiencing impaired aging, who needs both palliative and hospice care services.

Late Adulthood Care plan for terminally ill patient experiencing impaired aging, who needs both palliative and hospice care services is the late adulthood target period

What is an important skillset for case managers to develop?

Learn about big data and apply to clients at an individual level Case managers will need to work with all aspects of a client's needs, which is facilitated by big data analysis.

A healthcare coordinator at a behavioral health facility uses a computer to access electronic medical records (EMR) of patients throughout the day. How can the healthcare coordinator implement a protected health information (PHI) physical security measure?

Lock the office door when leaving for the day. Locking the office at the end of a workday is a physcial security measure that can be used to make sure data is physically protected and unavailable to unauthorized users.

Hallmarks of critical thinking include which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Logical, Relevant, Deep, Clear Each of these features is a hallmark of critical thinking.

HSC involves a client's family to serve as advocates and assist the patient in shared decision-making, per the family's culture-based wishes

Love and belonging HSC involving a client's family to serve as advocates and assist the patient in shared decision-making, per the family's culture-based wishes is the love and belonging level.

Assessment that helps a care team make a determination of the level of cognitive or memory decline; administered by a clinician

MMSE MMSE, or the Mini Mental Status Exam, is an assessment that helps a care team make a determination of the level of cognitive or memory decline; administered by a clinician.

What do PEST or PESTEL analyses focus on?

Macro factors or drivers A PEST analysis looks at Political, Economic, Sociocultural and Technological factors or drivers while a PESTEL (sometimes called PESTLE) analysis extends this to include Environmental and Legal drivers.

A healthcare coordinator at a behavioral health facility is implementing an evidence-based practice (EBP) program to improve access to mental healthcare for underserved populations. How can the healthcare coordinator educate the underserved population about the value of the EBP program to increase engagement?

Mail brochures to the community describing the mental health initiative. Direct mailings are an effective way to dispense valuable information to community members and to increase health literacy. By educating the population about the EBP program and the need behind it, increased awareness leads to higher engagement in the program.

A health services coordinator wants to release specific patient information but notices that there is no patient authorization form in the patient's record. The coordinator needs to ensure this signed form is present in order to meet the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Which use requires this form?

Marketing Using patient information for marketing purposes requires patient authorization.

Tools used to explain things

Mental Models

Team-based care plan for person involving physical therapy for an adult whose level of activity has begun to slow down, making compliance more of a challenge

Middle Adulthood Team-based care plan for person involving physical therapy for an adult whose level of activity has begun to slow down, making compliance more of a challenge is the middle adulthood target period.

The healthcare coordinator is arranging care for a veteran with PTSD, and anxiety. The Veteran is receiving the whole health for life care model. Which get well app should the coordinator recommend for this patient?

Mindfulness Coach The Mindfulness Coach app leads patients through steps to learn how to practice mindfulness or grounding themselves in the present moment. Mindfulness techniques reduce stress and helps people cope with unpleasant thoughts and emotions.

Believing you can find out what is going on just by thinking about it

Misuse of Speculation

What method is used by health professionals to help clients work through ambivalence about their care?

Motivational interviewing MI is a counseling style developed to elicit behavior change by helping clients explore and resolve ambivalence.

Anything that can go wrong, will

Murphy's Law

Which health literacy assessment tool uses an ice-cream label?

Newest Vital Sign Test The NVS is a general health literacy test using an ice-cream nutritional label.

A healthcare coordinator is caring for a Hispanic female patient with diabetes. The coordinator wants to test the patient's reading comprehension, and numeracy skills to ensure understanding of insulin dosage, and blood sugar level readings. Which medical literacy tool is appropriate?

Newest Vital Sign Test (NVST) The Newest Vital Sign Test (NVST) is six questions that assess reading comprehension and numeracy skills by reading a printed label on an ice cream container.

When speaking to the mother in this scenario, she excuses herself to go to the bathroom. You realize that you have a chance wherein you can vaccinate the child while the mother is out of the room, and she will never know. Should you do it?

No, because it is not up to the healthcare professional to make the care decisions of the patient. The patient [or the minor's parent or legal guardian] is legally entitled to make his or her own medical decisions.

Assessment that screens opioid abuse potential in individuals prescribed opioids for treatment of chronic pain; may be self-administered prior to initial visit prior to beginning opioid pain management therapy

ORT ORT, or the Opiate Risk Tool, is an assessment that screens opioid abuse potential in individuals prescribed opioids for treatment of chronic pain; may be self-administered prior to initial visit prior to beginning opioid pain management therapy.

Ideally, where should personal health information be stored?

Off-site Ideally, data should be stored in encrypted form off-site such as in cloud storage.

A recent evidenced-based practice project has identified the need to educate several populations in the community about hospice care. The healthcare coordinator has been tasked with starting this initiative. Which group should the coordinator focus on that has a low health literacy regarding hospice care?

Older adults Older adults are disproportionately likely to experience low health literacy regarding hospice care.

Prior to each home visit, a homebound palliative-care patient asks the coordinator to pick up a pack of cigarettes. If the coordinator obliges, which is against the medical provider's recommendations, the patient is docile and cooperative. If the coordinator refuses, the patient is angry and uncooperative. How should the coordinator address the patient's demands and behavior?

Open a discussion with the patient to identify reasons for adhering to stated health goals in the care plan Opening a discussion encourages honest communication, and involves the patient in decision-making. By focusing on personal reasons for wanting to reach intended goals the coordinator is likely to help the patient see that these current behaviors are detrimental to progress, health and well-being.

To figuratively 'stick your head in the sand' and pretend a hazard does not exist

Ostrich Bias Ostrich biases are when individuals figuratively 'stick your head in the sand' and pretend a hazard does not exist.

What is the key distinguishing feature of the ETO system?

Outcome measurement and management Tracking outcome achievement, managing to outcomes, and understanding impact by determining statistical significance of specific variables and intended outcomes are the key distinguishing feature of the ETO system and important for grant fund writing.

What statistical component is used to show statistical significance?

P-value of 0.05 or less The SAMHSA guide outlined social positioning as a cultural factor to consider which relates to discrimination, equality, stereotypes, acculturation, and formality.

Assessment used to screen for post-traumatic stress disorder; administered by a clinical provider in a primary care setting

PC-PTSD PC-PTSD, or the Primary Care Post-Traumatic Distress Disorder, is an assessment used to screen for post-traumatic stress disorder; administered by a clinical provider in a primary care setting.

This self-assessment would be used as a preliminary screen for the symptoms of depression that a patient has experienced over a two-week period:

PHQ-2 If a patient's screen result is positive, a clinical provider would then follow up with the PHQ-9 assessment to determine the degree of severity of that patient's depression, then explore treatment options.

Preliminary assessment on the frequency of depressed mood over a period of two weeks; may be self-administered by patient, may lead to an additional assessment

PHQ-2 PHQ-2, or the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, is a preliminary assessment on the frequency of depressed mood over a period of two weeks; may be self-administered by patient, may lead to an additional assessment.

Assessment that presents nine questions for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression; administered by a care provider

PHQ-9 PHQ-9, or the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, is an assessment that presents nine questions for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression; administered by a care provider.

Parents are concerned about their adolescent child's behaviors after being hospitalized several times for asthma. They suspect depression is the cause but want a professional opinion. The parents and child only speak and read Spanish. Which assessment tool should be used?

PHQ-9 The PHQ-9 is a screening tool to identify depression and would be useful in this situation. It works for this case because it is available in Spanish, and there is a modified version for adolescents.

What framework is often used in EBP to guide the formation of the research question and facilitate the literature search?

PICO The PICO Framework outlines the Patient or Problems, Interventions, Comparisons and Outcomes and leads to question formation to guide the literature search for good EBP sources.

A health services coordinator establishes a discharge plan of care with a patient who has been diagnosed with a terminal illness. The patient needs support and wishes to continue aggressive treatment. Which form of care should be used for this referral?

Palliative Palliative care is available to the patient and focuses on preventing pain while the patient continues aggressive treatment.

The family of a chronically ill patient requests home-bound hospice care. The healthcare coordinator realizes that this family requires education to properly make an informed decision about the care plan. How does palliative care differ from hospice care?

Palliative care involves pain management for many types of patients; hospice care is reserved for terminally-ill patients alone. Palliative care involves pain management for many types of patients; hospice care is reserved for terminally-ill patients alone. All hospice care includes palliative care. However, not all palliative care falls under the umbrella of hospice care.

A patient who is of the Muslim faith has concerns over receiving some forms of palliative care. What is a potential barrier to administering palliative care to this client?

Palliative care may be rejected by some patients due to cultural concerns or beliefs. Palliative care may be resisted or rejected by some patients due to cultural concerns or religious beliefs. As a result, it is important for palliative care teams to practice considerate cultural competence and educate the patient regarding the different types of care options and resources that are available.

Giving favored treatment to favored beliefs, overlooking contradictory evidence

Partiality in Use of Evidence

Which Act outlines a person's right to decide what medical interventions they wish if they become unable to express their wishes due to illness?

Patient Self-Determination Act The 1990 Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) encourages everyone to decide ahead of time about the types and extent of medical care they want to accept or refuse if they become unable to make those decisions due to illness.

Which care configuration has been described as a model and philosophy of primary care?

Patient-centered medical homes (PCMH) The medical home is best described as a model or philosophy of primary care that is patient-centered, comprehensive, team-based, coordinated, accessible, and focused on quality and safety.

Why should a patient's physical environment be considered when an HSC is providing a referral for an assessment or provider appointment? What patient issues should be considered?

Patients in rural or urban areas may have compromised transportation access, or there may be limited availability of adequate providers in their area that they could seek out to assess their medical and behavioral health issues.

Why should patients living in poverty be assessed to ensure that they understand why maintaining their health is important?

Patients living in poverty or economic duress may be less likely to pursue health care because of the cost, so may not have the opportunity to have their medical and behavioral health issues address. Individuals in these groups may also have poverty-driven values and low health literacy that may impede their ability to understand the value and necessity of preventive care and seeing a medical provider when physical or mental illness symptoms present themselves. Patients should be provided options for managing the costs associated with their care, such as Medicaid or Medicare coverage, along with other public and private services that help to offset the costs associated with health care.

A healthcare team in a large metropolitan hospital has researched and developed a new protocol for handwashing. This new protocol includes staff wearing badges that blink red if the staff person walks past a sink in a patient's room and does not complete handwashing. Evidence-based practice indicates wearing the badges increases compliance with handwashing significantly. Which information should the hospital analyze to evaluate the protocol's success?

Percentage of staff who consistently wash their hands The data from the badges are objective and will show the percentage of times that the staff member passed a room sink without handwashing.

After initial assessment and discussions, the health service coordinator (HSC) arranges meals-on-wheels services for an older adult patient with mobility limitations who lives alone. The closest family member is 217 miles away. The patient also complains of feeling lonely since the death of her son, three months prior. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need does the HSC satisfy?

Physiological Food is a universal physical requirement that is essential for human survival, which makes this a physiological need. This patient is in the older adult phase of life with mobility challenges. Selecting Meals-on-Wheels is an appropriate intervention to meet this patient's needs.

HSC arranges weekly meals-on-wheels delivery for an elderly client

Physiological needs HSC arranging weekly meals-on-wheels delivery for an elderly client is the physiological needs level.

A client is concerned about his fluctuating blood sugar, his high blood pressure, and the pain he has in his lower legs. On which level of Maslow's hierarchy is this client focused?

Physiological needs The client's focus is currently on his physical or physiological needs.

Peter Jones is a 70-year-old patient who has been experiencing increasing difficulty remembering daily tasks, taking medication, and at times, recognizing family members who come to his home to assist with his care. His provider administers the BIM assessment, and based upon the results, may need to explore options for management of Alzheimer's Disease. Which treatment interventions may be helpful to him?

Possible interventions include physical exercise, the use of cognitive training, medication, immunotherapy, or herbal medicines.

During initial patient assessment that would be part of an EHR checklist, why should a patient be asked if he or she has enough to eat on a regular basis?

Poverty and low health literacy, combined with a lack of access to healthy food options, may lead to worsening of health conditions. Access to nutritious food are among factors that should be assessed as part of a patient's initial health assessment with the HSC and other members of the care team.

What type of analytics helps health professionals forecast potential outcomes?

Predictive Analytics. Predictive analytics offers forecasts by applying statistical and machine learning algorithms to provide recommendations and answers to questions related to what might happen in the future.

What CMS incentive shows promise in potential new funding for palliative care?

Primary Care First initiative This new incentive offers higher payments to primary care practices that specialize in care for high need patients, including people with complex, chronic needs and practices whose clinicians are enrolled in Medicare and provide hospice or palliative care services.

What type of Socratic question is the following: What do you think caused this to happen?

Probe reasons and evidence. 'What do you think caused this to happen?' is a question designed to probe for a deeper understanding of the reasons or evidence.

A healthcare coordinator is creating a documentation template for electronic medical record (EMR) software. The healthcare coordinator uses the subjective, objective, assessment, and plan (SOAP) note format in the template. Which application should be used for accuracy of the EMR?

Progress notes SOAP notes are used for accurate and complete progress notes to provide comprehensive notes that record subjective and objective data, assessment findings and a plan to address the findings.

Which trauma-focused psychotherapy helps those suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) gain control by facing negative feelings?

Prolonged Exposure Prolonged exposure teaches sufferers of PTSD how to face negative feelings by talking about the trauma, and participating in activities previously avoided since the traumatic event.

In the above scenario, imagine the child is a high school senior who just turned eighteen and is inquiring about birth control options. She asks you to not tell her mother because her mother does not believe birth control is moral. Your state's law says eighteen-year-olds may make their own care decisions, but you are on good personal terms with the mother and don't want to get the mother upset. What should you do?

Provide the eighteen-year-old patient with the health education she is requesting, and say nothing to the parents. If the eighteen-year-old patient is able to make her own care decisions under state law, then provide her with the education she needs while maintaining her legal rights to privacy.

What issues may exist on the care team that need to be addressed to ensure that every patient, regardless of their background, gains access to quality care and services?

Provider bias and cultural/linguistic barriers may also prevent patients from gaining access to healthcare assessment, treatment plans, and the support systems they may need to help them self-manage their health. Health professional training is necessary to help identify and deal with the sources of provider bias. Additionally, care teams may seek guidance from the Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services standards that guide healthcare professionals in how they may assess and treat patients in a culturally and linguistically appropriate manner.

What kind of telehealth involves a clinical consult between a provider and a specialist?

Provider to Provider Platform This type of platform extends expertise and resources for specialty and subspecialty care and addresses workforce shortages and the efficient use of health professionals by connecting to specialists from a distance.

A variable that is not in itself directly relevant, but that serves in place of an unobservable or immeasurable variable

Proxy

What does the Institute for Health Improvement (IHI) link with policies and regulations?

Quality control and improvement Tracking outcome achievement, managing to outcomes, and understanding impact by determining statistical significance of specific variables and intended outcomes are the key distinguishing feature of the ETO system and important for grant fund writing.

What is the driving force or effect behind critical thinking?

Questions. Questions are the driving force behind critical thinking, as all thinking begins because someone had a question.

Screening tool for assessing a patient's ability to read common medical words and establish health literacy

REALM REALM, or the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, is a screening tool for assessing a patient's ability to read common medical words and establish health literacy

Issues related to social equity and a patient's experience in health systems with access, quality of care, provider bias or discrimination are influenced or drive by this patient factor

Race/ethnicity

Administrators have decided that winter season holidays representing all faiths will be celebrated through mixed décor displays on each floor of the hospital. As staff members are putting up decorations, the health service coordinator (HSC) overhears two individuals talking about how, in America, Christmas is the only holiday that should be celebrated. Which action should the HSC take in assisting staff members to understand why multi-faith decorations are important?

Recommend staff members attend training on cultural sensitivity. These staff members can benefit from a deeper understanding of how embracing diversity in this manner will enhance the care experience for all hospital patients, allowing patients to have a more sensitive and familiar time during a hospital stay. Implementing cultural training sessions is the recommended way to achieve this goal.

A healthcare coordinator is hosting training for a group of community service partners. During the session, two of the partners, both veterans of foreign wars, argue over whether the cultures of America's military opponents should be celebrated along with the cultures of the America's military allies. As the training host, which action should the healthcare coordinator take?

Refocus the argument into a topical group discussion. Refocusing the argument into a constructive, topic group discussion is an effective technique to curtail disagreements and move toward respectful resolution.

What is the usual first choice of Child Protective Services if child abuse is evident?

Remove the abuser Removing the abuser from the child's home is the usual first choice response so that the child does not need to leave the home or the other parent.

A patient tells the healthcare coordinator of two hospital employees that were overheard discussing personal information of another patient in an elevator. How should the healthcare coordinator respond to the possible privacy breach?

Report the incident to the hospital's privacy officer. The situation should be further investigated by the privacy officer to determine if the employees did in fact violate HIPAA privacy regulations. The privacy officer is trained to handle the matter appropriately.

A healthcare coordinator is speaking to an older adult patient. The patient indicates that a family caregiver "gets a little too rough when I don't cooperate." The patient has several large bruises on the arms and legs. What does the healthcare coordinator have the legal responsibility to do?

Report the suspected abuse to Adult Protective Services (APS). If evidence of abuse is present, all health care professionals have the legal responsibility to report the suspected abuse to relevant regulatory agencies, such as Adult Protective Services, according to facility policies put in place to comply with regulations.

A healthcare provider is implementing an online patient portal to improve efficiency in patient access to healthcare information and communication with healthcare providers. How can the healthcare coordinator maintain electronic security of patients' protected health information (PHI)?

Require patients use a password to access information through the portal. By restricting access to PHI through password protection and other security features, the security and privacy of PHI can be maintained while promoting the access and efficiency of an online patient portal.

Which of the following is one of the critical aspects of EBP?

Research Evidence Reliable scientific studies that relate to the client's condition or needs provide evidence on past treatments, diagnoses, processes, and procedures that can be considered and used to inform practice.

A healthcare coordinator at a community health clinic is addressing patient non-compliance in filling prescriptions following appointments. How can the healthcare coordinator incorporate evidence-based practice (EBP) to promote better outcomes for patients of the clinic?

Research methods to improve patient medication compliance. Reliable scientific studies that relate to the patients' needs are used in EBP. Methods of communication that have been proven successful by quality research can be implemented to address patient compliance issues.

A healthcare coordinator is using electronic medical record (EMR) software that contains an automatic data insertion function to increase efficiency during data collection. How can the healthcare coordinator maintain accurate electronic medical records (EMRs) while using this technology?

Review the data prior to accepting it. By reviewing and editing the data, if needed, the healthcare coordinator can ensure that the data collected is accurate prior to being accepted and entered into the system.

Assessment used by a clinical provider to address a patient's level of suicide risk; the provider suggests appropriate intervention

SAFE-T SAFE-T, or the Suicide Assessment Five-step Evaluation and Triage, is an assessment used by a clinical provider to address a patient's level of suicide risk; the provider suggests appropriate intervention.

Which is a common progress note format that all health professionals can use?

SOAP SOAP notes are often used as progress notes by many health professionals; they present subjective, objective, assessment and plan information.

A young adult patient was admitted to the emergency department for driving while under the influence for the third time in a five-month period. After completing the patient assessment form, the health service coordinator (HSC) recognizes that this patient may have an addiction problem. Which assessment tool is appropriate for determining alcohol and drug abuse risk?

Screening Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT)

HSC connects a client with a community resource that trains individuals in high-risk, low-income situations, teaches them a trade skill, and works with area employers for placement in jobs with decent wages

Security needs HSC connecting a client with a community resource that trains individuals in high-risk, low-income situations, teaches them a trade skill, and works with area employers for placement in jobs with decent wages is the security needs level.

The selection of individuals, groups, or data for analysis in such a way that proper randomization is not achieved, thereby ensuring that the sample obtained is not representative of the population intended to be analyzed

Selective Perception Bias Selective perception bias is the selection of individuals, groups, or data for analysis in such a way that proper randomization is not achieved, thereby ensuring that the sample obtained is not representative of the population intended to be analyzed.

Which emotional intelligence capability involves examining and regulating negative or unproductive emotions in the workplace?

Self-Management The self-management capability focuses on emotional management as well through self-control, conscientiousness, adaptability.

Which leadership soft skill would be most beneficial for a health service coordinator (HSC) who wants to evaluate personal strengths and weaknesses?

Self-awareness Possessing self-awareness would be most beneficial for a health service coordinator who wants to evaluate personal strengths and weaknesses.

A community healthcare clinic uses paper filing systems and asks the healthcare coordinator to implement an electronic records system. The facility has limited funds available to make the transition. How can the healthcare coordinator integrate this new technology while reducing costs for the clinic?

Send a grant proposal to the U.S. department of Health and Human Services (HHS). A grant from the HHS can be used for technological upgrades that will benefit the patient population. Funding approval is based on the tangible identification of achievable outcomes within specific time parameters.

A healthcare coordinator is working with a healthcare team at a nursing facility to implement fall prevention interventions for a patient who has dementia. Traditional fall prevention tactics have not been successful, and the patient has been injured as the result of several recent falls. How can the healthcare coordinator apply evidence-based practice (EBP) to care coordination to improve the patient's outcome?

Share a meta-analysis study with the healthcare team about innovative fall prevention methods. Research is a primary aspect of EBP. Meta-analysis studies are quality research studies that can provide innovative ideas for the healthcare team based on EBP. By discussing these methods and adapting them to the facility, EBP can be used to prevent future patient falls and improve the patient's outcome.

An example of the types of information exchange that is important among members of the coordinated care team include:

Sharing of information during staff meetings, team huddles and while meeting with the patient. Decision-making concerning the most effective evidence-based treatment plans. Negotiation to achieve consensus on shared-decision making activities with the patient and their family. Team teaching during care meetings with the patient. Each of these information types are exchanges that are important aspects of patient-centered care. Communication during meetings ensures that all members of the care team are acting on the same clinical information, which will also ensure that information provided to the patient will be consistent and will not cause any confusion. Each of these information types are exchanges that are important aspects of patient-centered care. Team teaching will allow the patient to gain a better understanding of their therapies, why they are important, and how they can actively participate in their care. Each of these information types are exchanges that are important aspects of patient-centered care. Patients should be made aware--based on their level of comfort with the information--of the clinical implications of care decisions so they understand why the recommended treatment is necessary and appropriate. Each of these information types are exchanges that are important aspects of patient-centered care. There may be culture-driven values and preferences that the patient may factor into their care decision, and this information must be addressed during team-based care conference meetings.

What is the CMS insurance estimated mortality timeline that specifies when hospice care can be initiated?

Six months Hospice care is commonly reserved for people with serious illnesses who have a life expectancy of six months or less.

Asserting that if we allow A to happen, then Z will eventually happen too, therefore A should not happen

Slippery Slope

A patient's geographical location, level of community engagement and awareness of community resources for maintaining their health are influenced this patient factor

Social Environments

How is social awareness helpful to managers working in healthcare organizations?

Social awareness helps managers cultivate both empathy and a service orientation to tasks. Social awareness primarily helps managers cultivate both empathy and an attitude of helping and serving others during work-related tasks. Social awareness gives managers the ability to understand and respond to the needs of others. It improves social skills and helps the manager to gain the respect of others. Understanding other people's feelings is central to emotional intelligence, which is critical in displaying soft-skills.

What cultural factor should be considered when there is evidence of discrimination, equality, stereotypes, acculturation, formality?

Social positioning The SAMHSA guide outlined social positioning as a cultural factor to consider which relates to discrimination, equality, stereotypes, acculturation, and formality.

A cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy has suffered a setback. The prognosis had been mostly positive. However, the treatment has become less effective at slowing the progression of the disease, and the patient has begun to experience a number of uncomfortable side effects. Which form of palliative care would be most effective in treating the patient?

Specialized care services to improve quality of life During this phase of the patient's treatment, specialized care services to improve quality of life would be the most effective form of palliative care.

Incorrectly estimating the degree of variability in a group

Stereotyping

Of the mental health disorders listed, which condition is preventable?

Suicide Suicide is associated with a mental health disorder in 90% of patients at the time of their death. Statistically, most individuals who attempt or succeed at suicide saw a primary care or mental health care provider in the months prior to their death. Proper assessment and treatment and following the SAFE-T protocol can help prevent suicide and provide the patient with therapeutic treatment options.

A hospital wants to improve cultural competence among staff members. What is the first step the hospital should take to reach this goal?

Survey staff to determine their knowledge on cultural awareness The first step in improving cultural competence is to assess the knowledge of the staff in order to identify which interventions should be employed.

The logical error of concentrating on the people or things that 'survived' some process and inadvertently overlooking those that did not

Survivorship Bias Survivorship biases are when the logical error of concentrating on the people or things that 'survived' some process and inadvertently overlooking those that did not.

An intuitive system of thinking useful in familiar situations when time is short and immediate action is required.

System 1 decision-making System 1 decision-making is an intuitive system of thinking useful in familiar situations when time is short and immediate action is required.

A reflective system of thinking that can be shut down through the abuse of drugs or alcohol. Useful in unfamiliar situations and have time to figure things out. With this system you have time to process abstract concepts, deliberate, plan ahead, consider options, and review or revise

System 2 decision-making System 2 decision-making is a reflective system of thinking that can be shut down through the abuse of drugs or alcohol.

By taking all parts into account, this model is designed to avoid potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences

Systems Thinking

A healthcare coordinator is unsure if a nursing home facility is in compliance with regulations concerning the administration of controlled substances prescribed to patients. Which regulatory body should the healthcare coordinator contact for clarification in compliance regulations?

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) The DEA regulates the prescription, distribution, and administration of controlled substances.

Self-concept may impact our behaviors in each of the following ways:

The ability to interact with others How you see and value yourself will impact your ability to interact with others socially and develop relationships.

What did the author mean when she wrote, "Predictive analytics may only be the second of three steps along the journey to analytics maturity"? (Bresnick, 218, p. 2)

The author was referring to three tiers of analytics: descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive.

Hafida Ahmed moved to the United States with family members about 10 years ago. She is 75- years-old and speaks English as a second language. She was recently diagnosed with both high blood pressure and rheumatoid arthritis and was provided with written materials during a recent discussion with her provider. She is hesitant to tell her provider that she doesn't fully understand all of the information she was given, but isn't sure how to communicate that. A family member shares her concerns with the HSC, who then passes that information on to the care team. Mrs. Ahmed completes the REALM assessment, and based on the results, may need to be provided with accommodations that will help her to increase her health literacy so she may best manage her complex health conditions. What types of resources might be useful to her?

The care team may provide the patient with written and visual materials that are easy to read and understand, video tutorials, and in-person assessments that allow them to talk through information and ensure that she is able to address any concerns that she has about her care and the medication she has been prescribed.

A healthcare coordinator is reading a research study about a practice intervention to implement an evidence-based practice (EBP) in clinical practice. Which statistical component can the healthcare coordinator analyze to determine the clinical significance of the results in order to guide selection of practices for implementation?

The effect size Effect-size describes how large an effect is and the uncertainty around that estimate, so that the practical importance of the effect can be evaluated. This component is important to applying the study to clinical practice and guiding selection of individual practices in implementation of EBP.

What is one of the requirements of hospice programs according to the 1990 Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)?

The facility must provide information on state laws related to patient autonomy. According to the PSDA, healthcare facilities, including hospice programs, must provide information on state laws related to patient autonomy to their clients.

What can be done if a healthcare professional finds himself or herself professionally opposed to patient decisions that may be based off of the patient's individual culture?

The healthcare professional can engage critical thinking and examine the problem and determine a solution that is mutually beneficial to both you and the patient. Not all cultural issues will be amenable to good health outcomes, and relying on critical thinking skills can help find solutions that maintain the patient's trust.

A health services coordinator working at a local clinic provides education regarding treatment preparation, health conditions, and wellness behaviors. The coordinator is using evidence-based research to design the adult education strategies in hopes of increasing the rate of learning. How will this coordinator's actions impact these events?

The learning experiences will be based on learners' needs and understanding. Adult education strategies should be tailored to the needs and perceived understanding of the clients. It can include visual aids, reading materials, videotaped information, use of models, hands on demonstrations, and traditional verbal teaching.

Janelle Campbell brings her teenage daughter, Monique, to her pediatrician to discuss Monique's symptoms of unexplained withdrawal, sadness and other forms of emotional distress. After taking the PHQ-2, Monique is positively diagnosed with depression, and is referred to a mental health provider who follows up with a PHQ-9 assessment to determine the level of severity of her depressive disorder. What treatment options may the psychiatrist present to Monique and her family for major depression?

The patient may consider antidepressant or psychotherapy, along with support, education, and monitoring.

What can happen if healthcare professionals are not culturally competent?

The patient may lose trust in the healthcare professional, leave the healthcare facility, or report the professional to the hospital or the state licensing board. All of these are among the potential outcomes of not being culturally competent with patients.

John Anderson just lost his wife about a year ago. He has struggled with coping with her loss, which has strained other relationships with family members. After months of not leaving his home and feeling that he cannot cope with the losses he has experienced, he calls a suicide crisis line as a last resort. The counselor he is connected with walks through the SAFE-T assessment, and John is able to be connected with a mental health provider to present him with options for regaining his will to live and to cope with the challenges he faces. What types of treatment options might that provider?

The patient's provider may present options such as medication therapy, cognitive and dialectical behavioral therapy, or electroconvulsive therapy.

Miranda Gonzales visited her doctor to address increasingly uncontrolled mood swings that make it very difficult for her to manage the relationships in her life, and are also causing her problems at work, both in her relationships and ability to focus on her job tasks. Her care provider administers the DSM-5 and she is diagnosed with bipolar disorder. What types of mental health disorder interventions might her provider present to her?

The patient's provider may present options such as psychotherapy, certain medications, ongoing case management to support her, support groups, a self-help plan, and various forms of peer support.

Which patient right was reinforced in 2011 by the HITECH Act?

The right to an accounting of disclosures In 2011, the Department of Health & Human Services passed a HITECH-required Rule that means patients can request access reports of who had seen their ePHI. These reports describe to patients who accessed their ePHI and under what authority.

Which client right should be posted clearly for clients to see or read according to the HIPAA Privacy Rule?

The right to receive a notice of privacy practices A notice of an agency's privacy practices should be posted on a waiting room or examination room wall or given to clients in print form.

How does a Death with Dignity statute affect the care of a terminally-ill patient?

The statute allows the patient to consider the option of assisted suicide. A Death with Dignity statute allows patients to consider the option of assisted suicide.

A healthcare coordinator is researching an evidence-based practice (EBP) process to assist a patient with limited mobility to lose weight. The healthcare coordinator finds a research study that tests an intervention that does not require patient mobility to promote weight loss. Which factor in the study can the healthcare coordinator use to evaluate the intervention to be determined if it can be adapted for patient implementation?

The study has clinical significance in the patient's care context. Clinical significance in a research study shows how an intervention can be applied to practice for a patient in a particular care setting.

Sarah Mason is a college student who survived an active shooter incident at her school a few months ago. While she survived with minimal physical injuries, she witnessed friends and classmates who were either seriously injured or lost their lives in the attack. She lives with nightmares about the shooter, is afraid to leave her apartment, and doesn't know how to cope with the feelings of fear and guilt over surviving while others died. After speaking to a school counselor, she is referred to a care team who administers the PTSD-PC assessment. After determining her PTSD diagnosis, what treatment options may be presented to her?

The types of talk therapy that may be presented to patient with these issues include cognitive processing therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, or narrative exposure therapies.

Linda Watson, at the insistence of her family, has decided to speak with her provider concerning her misuse of alcohol and the prescription medication that she has been taking to manage chronic pain from a severe back injury. The CAGE and ORT assessments determine that she may need to consider treatment options that will help her to restore healthier life habits, while also controlling her pain. Which treatment options may be appropriate for her?

Therapy with an addiction psychiatrist, psychologist, or addiction treatment program, along with strategies for reducing negative behaviors that are associated with daily administration of medication to control pain.

What are some of the benefits of joining a professional association?

They provide their members support, advocacy, opportunities for professional networking, legislative updates, educational workshops, and symposia, seminars/conferences

A family has been given the news that their mother has stage 4 brain cancer with only "months left to live." The healthcare coordinator realizes that this family needs hospice orientation and education. The coordinator provides brochures to each family member about end-of-life concepts. What is one of the main goals of hospice care?

To provide comfort at the end of a patient's life One of the main goals of hospice care is providing comfort at the end of a patient's life.

A healthcare facility is using computer-based algorithms that predict patient usage patterns of emergency room services. How can the healthcare coordinator utilize this technology?

To reduce patient wait times. Using analytics to predict patterns in utilization can help to ensure optimal staffing levels to reduce wait times and increase patient satisfaction.

A healthcare facility is utilizing new software with descriptive analytic technology to analyze patient electronic health records (EHRs). How can the healthcare coordinator utilize this technology?

To understand what type of disease processes have occurred among patients. Descriptive analytics in healthcare provide the perspective of what has already occurred in the data being analyzed. Software can integrate this ability to analyze data from EHRs.

A healthcare coordinator has implemented a process based on research to improve accuracy of data input into patient's electronic health records (EHRs) during patient admission. How can the healthcare coordinator evaluate the new evidence-based practice (EBP) process for efficiency?

Track the amount of time it takes to input information in to a patient's EHR. EBP processes can be evaluated by outcomes. The efficiency of a process can be evaluated by determining the amount of time it takes to input information using the process. If the amount of time is decreased, then the process is efficient.

What term can be used to ease the stigma of talking about hospice and death with some African American clients and families?

Transitions The term transitions help to ease the finality of the hospice decision and still leaves room for faith, family and inner strength and has guided the development of a hospice program specifically for African American clients.

Critical thinking can liberate our minds from false ideas.

True

Critical thinking requires the use of skills that include analysis, interpretation, inference, evaluation, explanation, and self-reflection.

True

A health service coordinator (HSC) provides a poor level of care to a patient due to psychosocial factors. The HSC made unfair assumptions about the patient. Which quality is the HSC displaying?

Unconscious bias This occurs when people are unaware of their biases. The HSC can fight against this tendency by practicing self-awareness.

A patient with advanced metastatic cancer is able to make decisions regarding medical care. The patient does not have a living will or an advance directive (AD) in place. The patient and family value interdependence in decision-making and have asked the health services coordinator (HSC) to provide information on advance directives. Which action should the HSC take to support the patient's values while providing information and support?

Understand the culture to create a collaborative partnership It is the role of the coordinator to support the patient's cultural values and beliefs while coming to a decision.

What is a key criterion for web-based resources recommended to support health literacy in clients and families?

Usability The key criteria for web-based resources are well-developed readability, accessibility, usability and reliability.

A health services coordinator is reading through a client's order after the client's transfer from another facility. The client's condition is rare, and the coordinator comes across a term that is unfamiliar. Which technology-based action should the coordinator take in relation to this problem?

Use the internet to look up the meaning of the term Using a medical-reviewed online site to learn about the term would maintain HIPAA.

A healthcare facility is adopting artificial intelligence (AI) software to assist healthcare workers to input data through voice recognition technology. How can the healthcare coordinator utilize this technology in a responsible way to protect patient information privacy?

Use the software in a closed room. Voice recognition technology allows the user to speak into a headset or microphone while data is recorded into the computer. A possible protected health information (PHI) breach could occur if the information is overheard by other patients or workers not involved in the patient's care. By shutting the door or using the software in a closed and contained area, the information is kept secure.

How could the ability to predict client utilization patterns help primary healthcare settings?

Using analytics to predict patterns in utilization can help ensure optimal staffing levels, while reducing wait times and raising patient satisfaction.

How could predictive analytics and AI play an important role in cybersecurity of client records?

Using analytics tools to monitor patterns in data access, sharing, and utilization can give organizations an early warning when something changes—especially when those changes indicate that an intruder may have penetrated the network.

Inadequately describing problems, causes, and hope for outcomes

Vagueness

A patient with dementia is experiencing increased anxiety, mood swings, and general agitation. The patient's spouse takes care of the patient at home and would prefer to continue this living situation if the patient's stress symptoms can be reduced. Which form of digital technology should be used to support this patient and family?

Virtual reality system Several studies on the use of VR systems to treat patients with dementia have shown a 70% reduction in stress-related symptoms

A manager at a healthcare organization believes in giving staff members the autonomy to make decisions and the freedom to use innovative techniques to improve patient outcomes. He often says to his staff, "Let's remember to keep our goal in mind." Which of the six emotional leadership styles is the manager utilizing?

Visionary Style The manager of the organization is utilizing a visionary leadership style, which promotes autonomy to achieve a shared vision or goal.

The family of a palliative care patient has just been given the news that the patient has slipped into a coma. The family is of mixed emotion over what the next steps should be. The health service coordinator (HSC) is tasked with educating this family about appropriate steps. When should the HSC let the family know that the patient is eligible for hospice care?

When a healthcare provider certifies the patient is eligible A patient must be certified as terminally ill by a physician in order to receive hospice care.

Which care configuration offers the Get Well Network as a technological tool for personal development?

Whole health for life The Get Well Network is one of the many technological tools offered to veterans through the whole health approach.

One may overcome unconscious (implicit) bias by replacing biases and assumptions through:

authentic interactions with persons who have cultural norms that differ from their own One may overcome unconscious (implicit) bias by replacing biases and assumptions through authentic interactions with persons who have cultural norms that differ from their own.

Our own developed "value of self" requires us to know our own worth, which allows us to:

bring mutual respect and harmony into our relationships Our own developed "value of self" requires us to know our own worth, which allows us to bring mutual respect and harmony into our relationships.

Critical thinking is purposeful thinking and requires the use of standards such as

clarity and fairness. Clarity and fairness are the two standards associated with critical thinking.

Non-medical factors that drive biases and may influence and caregiver's medical decisions include a patient's:

dress, race, ethnicity, gender, insurance status, or clinical setting Non-medical factors that drive biases and may influence and caregiver's medical decisions include a patient's dress, race, ethnicity, gender, insurance status, or clinical setting.

Increasing positive contacts with diverse individuals will unravel:

fears that are often fueled by a lack of understanding Increasing positive contacts with diverse individuals will unravel fears that are often fueled by a lack of understanding.

The core value of positivity centers on:

having the choice and power to change how we think The core value of positivity centers on having the choice and power to change how we think.

Cooperation allows individuals to build team spirit in:

non-competitive ways Cooperation allows individuals to build team spirit in non-competitive ways.

Combatting ageism and assessing older patients for symptoms of:

pain, fatigue, depression, or anxiety Pain, fatigue, cognitive impairment, depression, and anxiety may go undiagnosed and untreated when providers dismiss these symptoms as simply being a result of age.

Conducting patient interviews and assessments that address:

patients' health history and previous experiences with healthcare Patients' health history and previous experiences with healthcare are disparity gaps a care team needs to be aware of.

Identifying sources of:

primary health, dental, and behavioral health care providers in minority communities Primary health, dental, and behavioral health care providers in minority communities are disparity gaps a care team needs to be aware of.

Health Services Coordinators must learn to practice self-introspection and develop_______ of their core values and how they may impact how they inform their interactions with others

self-awareness Health Services Coordinators must learn to practice self-introspection and develop self-awareness of their core values and how they may impact how they inform their interactions with others.

Appropriately inquiring about and being supportive of a patient's:

sexual orientation and gender identity Appropriately inquiring about and being supportive of a patient's sexual orientation and gender identity to enhance the patient-provider interaction and regular use of care.

Social identity refers to:

the traits and other characteristics that make each person unique Social Identity refers to the he traits and other characteristics that make each person unique.

Identifying provider bias triggers such as:

weight, language differences, age, race, or income level Weight, language differences, age, race, or income level are examples of a number of triggers that may cause a provider to be biased toward a patient and this may impact the quality of care provided.